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Flodin J, Reitzner SM, Emanuelsson EB, Sundberg CJ, Ackermann P. The effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on the human skeletal muscle transcriptome. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14129. [PMID: 38459757 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
AIM The influence on acute skeletal muscle transcriptomics of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), as compared to established exercises, is poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the effects on global mRNA-expression in the quadriceps muscle early after a single NMES-session, compared to the effects of voluntary knee extension exercise (EX), and to explore the discomfort level. METHODS Global vastus lateralis muscle gene expression was assessed (RNA-sequencing) in 30 healthy participants, before and 3 h after a 30-min session of NMES and/or EX. The NMES-treatment was applied using textile electrodes integrated in pants and set to 20% of each participant's pre-tested MVC mean (±SD) 200 (±80) Nm. Discomfort was assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS, 0-10). The EX-protocol was performed at 80% of 1-repetition-maximum. RESULTS NMES at 20% of MVC resulted in VAS below 4 and induced 4448 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with 80%-overlap of the 2571 DEGs of EX. Genes well-known to be up-regulated following exercise, for example, PPARGC1A, ABRA, VEGFA, and GDNF, were also up-regulated by NMES. Gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated many common pathways after EX and NMES. Also, some pathways were exclusive to either EX, for example, muscle tissue proliferation, or to NMES, for example, neurite outgrowth and connective tissue proliferation. CONCLUSION A 30-min NMES-session at 20% of MVC with NMES-pants, which can be applied with an acceptable level of discomfort, induces over 4000 DEGs, of which 80%-overlap with DEGs of EX. NMES can induce exercise-like molecular effects, that potentially can lead to health and performance benefits in individuals who are unable to perform resistance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Flodin
- Integrative Orthopedic Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Trauma, Acute Surgery and Orthopedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan M Reitzner
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eric B Emanuelsson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl Johan Sundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Paul Ackermann
- Integrative Orthopedic Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Trauma, Acute Surgery and Orthopedics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Morgalla MH, Marquetand J, Staber FK. Is it possible to generate an additional pleasant and pain-relieving muscle stimulation when using a low-frequency spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for the treatment of lower back pain? Pilot study: A new technique: "MuscleSCS". Pain Pract 2024; 24:502-513. [PMID: 38057944 DOI: 10.1111/papr.13324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The combined use of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) and muscle stimulation, in the treatment of chronic pain, using the same probe, could improve the clinical results. However, this technique has not been established as yet. It was our hypothesis that it is possible to generate muscle stimulation by using low frequencies with SCS electrodes and use it to additionally treat chronic back pain. METHODS We generated muscle stimulation in patients with previously implanted SCS electrodes, for the treatment of lower back pain, by using low frequencies (2, 4, 6, and 8 Hz) and different contact combinations of the electrodes. The results were evaluated by using visual inspection (videos), haptic control, surface electromyography (EMG), and sonographic recordings. RESULTS This pilot study (17 patients, seven females, age 36-87 years, 11 percutaneous paddle leads, and 6 octrodes) was performed at the Neurosurgical Department of the University of Tuebingen. The most preferred frequencies were 6 Hz (45.5% of percutaneous paddle leads) and 8 Hz (50% of octrodes) at contacts 3&4 or 5&6. The preference of frequencies differed significantly among genders (p = 0.023). Simultaneous EMG and ultrasonic recordings demonstrated the generation of muscle potentials and the stimulation of deeper muscle groups. CONCLUSION In this study, it has been shown that with low-frequency SCS stimulation, pleasant and pain-relieving muscle contractions of the lower and upper back can also be generated. This combined method has been coined by us as "MuscleSCS" technique. Clinical trials are necessary to establish the value of this combined technique and its subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justus Marquetand
- Department of Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Neural Dynamics and Magnetoencephalography, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- MEG-Center, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Loyo Li M, Cameron MH, Volk GF. Does electrical stimulation still have a place in the treatment armamentarium for Bell's palsy? Expert Rev Neurother 2024; 24:1-3. [PMID: 38105767 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2023.2295426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Loyo Li
- Facial Nerve Center, Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Oregon, USA
| | - Michelle H Cameron
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, MS Center of Excellence-West, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Gerd Fabian Volk
- Facial-Nerve-Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Center of Rare Diseases, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Kissane RWP, Hauton D, Tickle PG, Egginton S. Skeletal muscle adaptation to indirect electrical stimulation: divergence between microvascular and metabolic adaptations. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:891-911. [PMID: 37026596 PMCID: PMC10988499 DOI: 10.1113/ep091134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Can we manipulate muscle recruitment to differentially enhance skeletal muscle fatigue resistance? What is the main finding and its importance? Through manipulation of muscle activation patterns, it is possible to promote distinct microvascular growth. Enhancement of fatigue resistance is closely associated with the distribution of the capillaries within the muscle, not necessarily with quantity. Additionally, at the acute stages of remodelling in response to indirect electrical stimulation, the improvement in fatigue resistance appears to be primarily driven by vascular remodelling, with metabolic adaptation of secondary importance. ABSTRACT Exercise involves a complex interaction of factors influencing muscle performance, where variations in recruitment pattern (e.g., endurance vs. resistance training) may differentially modulate the local tissue environment (i.e., oxygenation, blood flow, fuel utilization). These exercise stimuli are potent drivers of vascular and metabolic change. However, their relative contribution to adaptive remodelling of skeletal muscle and subsequent performance is unclear. Using implantable devices, indirect electrical stimulation (ES) of locomotor muscles of rat at different pacing frequencies (4, 10 and 40 Hz) was used to differentially recruit hindlimb blood flow and modulate fuel utilization. After 7 days, ES promoted significant remodelling of microvascular composition, increasing capillary density in the cortex of the tibialis anterior by 73%, 110% and 55% for the 4 Hz, 10 and 40 Hz groups, respectively. Additionally, there was remodelling of the whole muscle metabolome, including significantly elevated amino acid turnover, with muscle kynurenic acid levels doubled by pacing at 10 Hz (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the fatigue index of skeletal muscle was only significantly elevated in 10 Hz (58% increase) and 40 Hz (73% increase) ES groups, apparently linked to improved capillary distribution. These data demonstrate that manipulation of muscle recruitment pattern may be used to differentially expand the capillary network prior to altering the metabolome, emphasising the importance of local capillary supply in promoting exercise tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger W. P. Kissane
- Department of Musculoskeletal & Ageing Science, Faculty of Health & Life SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of BiosciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - David Hauton
- Metabolomics Research Group, Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Peter G. Tickle
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of BiosciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Stuart Egginton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of BiosciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
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Powell AR, Deban SM, Lappin AK. Sustained force production by the jaw-adductor muscles of a megalophagous frog, Ceratophrys cranwelli. J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol 2023; 339:437-445. [PMID: 36855228 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Most frogs have weak jaws that play a relatively minor role in tongue-mediated prey capture. Horned frogs (Ceratophrys spp.), however, follow the projection of a large tongue with a vice-like grip of their jaws to hold and immobilize prey. Prey include relatively large vertebrates, which they may restrain for minutes to possibly hours. High endurance behaviors, such as prolonged biting, require that muscles be capable of sustained force production. The feeding behavior of Ceratophrys suggests that their jaw-adductor muscles may be capable of powering sustained bites for long periods. We examined the capacity for sustained bite force by conducting an in situ experiment during which we measured bite force while bilaterally and supramaximally stimulating the jaw-adductor muscles of euthanized Cranwell's horned frogs (C. cranwelli). Muscles were stimulated for at least 60 min with a series of tetanic trains, with one experiment lasting over 6 h. We found that a significant sustained force develops during the first few minutes of the experiment, and this force is present between tetanic trains when the muscles are not being stimulated. The sustained force persists long after tetanic forces are barely detectable. The observed sustained force phenomenon parallels that observed for the jaw-adductor muscles of alligator lizards (Elgaria), another animal capable of sustained biting. The ability to bite with sustained and significant force by C. cranwelli may be facilitated by a configuration of different muscle fiber types, such as slow tonic fibers, as well as specializations in the muscle fibers that mitigate the effects of fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Powell
- Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California, USA
| | - Stephen M Deban
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - A Kristopher Lappin
- Biological Sciences Department, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California, USA
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di Cagno A, Buonsenso A, Centorbi M, Manni L, Di Costanzo A, Casazza G, Parisi A, Guerra G, Calcagno G, Iuliano E, Soligo M, Fiorilli G. Whole body-electromyostimulation effects on serum biomarkers, physical performances and fatigue in Parkinson's patients: A randomized controlled trial. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1086487. [PMID: 36845654 PMCID: PMC9949720 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1086487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) was never previously applied to Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. This randomized controlled study aimed to find the most effective and safe WB-EMS training protocol for this population. Methods Twenty-four subjects (age: 72.13 ± 6.20 years), were randomly assigned to three groups: a high-frequency WB-EMS strength training group (HFG) (rectangular stimulation at 85 Hz, 350 μs, 4 s stimulation/4 s rest), a low-frequency WB-EMS aerobic training group (LFG) (rectangular stimulation 7 Hz, 350 μs, with a continuous pulse duration), and an inactive control group (CG). Participants of the two experimental groups underwent 24 controlled WB-EMS training sessions, with a duration of 20 min each, during 12-week intervention. Serum growth factors (BDNF, FGF-21, NGF and proNGF), α-synuclein, physical performance and Parkinson's Disease Fatigue Scale (PFS-16) responses were analyzed to evaluate the pre-post variation and differences among groups. Results Significant interactions of Time*Groups were detected for BDNF (Time*Groups p = 0.024; Time*CG, b = -628, IC95% = -1,082/-174, p = 0.008), FGF-21 (Time*Groups p = 0.009; Time*LFG b = 1,346, IC95% = 423/2268, p = 0.005), and α-synuclein (Time*Groups p = 0.019; Time*LFG b = -1,572, IC95% = -2,952/-192, p = 0.026). Post hoc analyses and comparisons of ΔS (post-pre), performed independently for each group, showed that LFG increased serum BDNF levels (+ 203 pg/ml) and decreased α-synuclein levels (-1,703 pg/ml), while HFG showed the opposite effects (BDNF: -500 pg/ml; α-synuclein: + 1,413 pg/ml). CG showed a significant BDNF reduction over time. Both LFG and HFG showed significant improvements in several physical performance outcomes and the LFG showed better results than HFG. Concerning PFS-16, significant differences over time (b = -0.4, IC95% = -0.8/-0.0, p = 0.046) and among groups (among all groups p < 0.001) were found, and the LFG exhibited better results than the HFG (b = -1.0, IC95% = -1.3/-0.7, p < 0.001), and CG (b = -1.7, IC95% = -2.0/-1.4, p < 0.001) with this last one that worsened over time. Conclusion LFG training was the best choice for improving or maintaining physical performance, fatigue perception and variation in serum biomarkers. Clinical trial registration https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04878679, identifier NCT04878679.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra di Cagno
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Buonsenso
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Marco Centorbi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Luigi Manni
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology and Cellular Biology and Neurobiology Institute (CNR), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Alfonso Di Costanzo
- Centre for Research and Training in Medicine of Aging, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giusy Casazza
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Attilio Parisi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Calcagno
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Enzo Iuliano
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, Novedrate, Italy,*Correspondence: Enzo Iuliano,
| | - Marzia Soligo
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology and Cellular Biology and Neurobiology Institute (CNR), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy,Marzia Soligo,
| | - Giovanni Fiorilli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Sant'Ana E, Meleck M, Ferrari P, Padovan R, Camargo C, Godoi S, de Assis L. Electromagnetic field for supramaximal muscle stimulation: A retrospective study of safety, efficacy, and patient satisfaction in Brazil. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:1266-1272. [PMID: 36718803 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, even individuals who do physical activity regularly have some degree of dissatisfaction with their own bodies. The electromagnetic field for supramaximal muscle contraction has been the subject of research. High-intensity supramaximal muscle stimulation (HI-SMS) is a non-invasive technology used to strengthen, firm, and tone the abdominal muscles, arms, buttocks, and thighs and has been indicated for aesthetic purposes. AIMS The present study aimed to examine the safety and efficacy of HI-SMS used in the abdominal muscles of patients through the analysis of clinical evaluation, biochemical serum profile, and patient satisfaction with the procedure. PATIENTS/METHODS This is retrospective non-randomized and non-controlled study collected in a private clinic; all data from healthy participants (n = 25), aged between 18 and 55 years, were compiled and analyzed. All received eight 30 min sessions of electromagnetic field ONIX HI-SMS (intensity of the 90%-100%) located in abdominal, twice a week with intervals of 2-3 days. RESULTS The results show that BMI, fat thickness, and waist circumference improved the body contour after the treatment. There was no statistical difference in the data referring to the values of AST, ALT, ALP, creatinine, cholesterol, LDL-C, VLDL-C, HDL-C, glycemia, LDH, CK, and IL-6. However, there was a reduction of "non-esterified" free fatty acids when compared to baseline. This treatment provided high levels of tolerance, comfort, and high level of satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Thus, it can be suggested that the treatment with HI-SMS in abdominal muscles proves to be a safe technology with potential for non-invasive therapy for aesthetic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Sant'Ana
- Advanced Aesthetic Clinic Laddora, Amparo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michelle Meleck
- Advanced Aesthetic by Michelle Meleck, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Ferrari
- Nucleus Padovan Medicine, Health and Performance, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rogerio Padovan
- Nucleus Padovan Medicine, Health and Performance, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Silvana Godoi
- Advanced Aesthetic Clinic Laddora, Amparo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Brasil University, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia de Assis
- Brasil University, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Manuskiatti W, Nanchaipruek Y, Gervasio MK, Lektrakul N, Apinuntham C. Combination of monopolar 2 MHz radiofrequency and electrical multidirectional stimulation for reducing abdominal circumference and enhancing the muscle definition in subjects with overweight range body mass index. Lasers Surg Med 2022; 54:1198-1206. [PMID: 36183371 PMCID: PMC9828667 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The popularity of noninvasive body contouring procedures has been steadily increasing in recent years, however, studies evaluating its effectiveness in individuals with overweight range body mass index (BMI) are limited. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined 2 MHz radiofrequency (RF) and electrical multidirectional stimulation (EMDS) for the improvement of the abdominal contour in subjects with overweight range BMI. METHODS Twelve participants with overweight range BMI (23.6-24.9 kg/m2 ) underwent a single RF treatment, followed by a series of six EMDS treatments. Follow-up assessments (abdominal circumference [AC] and skinfold thickness measurements) were scheduled 1, 2, and 3 months after the final session. RESULTS At 1 month after the final treatment, a 3.1% (2.6 ± 0.47 cm, mean ± SD) significant reduction in mean AC was observed (p ˂ 0.001) and a maximal skinfold thickness reduction of 14% (4.6 ± 1.1 mm) was also noted (p = 0.032). Transient dysesthesia lasting 2-3 hours after EMDS treatment was the most common adverse effect reported by 5 of 12 subjects (41.7%), with no other serious side effects. CONCLUSIONS Combined RF and EMDS treatments are safe and effective, yielding significant reductions in both AC and skinfold thickness in patients with overweight range BMI, causing only minimal and transient adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woraphong Manuskiatti
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Yanisorn Nanchaipruek
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Mia Katrina Gervasio
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Nittaya Lektrakul
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Chalermkwan Apinuntham
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
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Alahmari SK, Shield AJ, Trajano GS. Effects of three neuromuscular electrical stimulation methods on muscle force production and neuromuscular fatigue. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2022; 32:1456-1463. [PMID: 35844045 PMCID: PMC9545897 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study compared the acute responses of three neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) methods on muscle torque-time integral (TTI) and neuromuscular fatigue. Narrow-pulse (0.2 ms; NP), wide-pulse (1 ms; WP), and tendon vibration superimposed onto wide-pulse (WP + VIB)-NMES conditions were applied to sixteen healthy individuals (n = 16) in three separate sessions in a randomized order. Stimulation intensity was set to elicit 20% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC); the stimulus pattern comprised four sets of 20 repetitions (5 s On and 5 s Off) with a one-minute inter-set interval. TTI was measured for each NMES condition and MVC, voluntary activation (VA), peak twitch torque (Peaktwitch ), and peak soleus (EMGSOL ), medial (EMGMG ), and lateral gastrocnemius (EMGLG ) electromyography were measured before and immediately after each NMES condition. TTI was higher during WP + VIB (19.63 ± 6.34 MVC.s, mean difference = 3.66, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.501) than during WP (15.97 ± 4.79 MVC.s) condition. TTI was higher during WP + VIB (mean difference = 3.79, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.626) than during NP (15.84 ± 3.73 MVC.s) condition. MVC and Peaktwitch forces decreased (p ≤ 0.001) immediately after all conditions. No changes were observed for VA (p = 0.365). EMGSOL amplitude reduced (p = 0.040) only after NP, yet EMGLG and EMGMG amplitudes decreased immediately after all conditions (p = 0.003 and p = 0.013, respectively). WP + VIB produced a higher TTI than WP and NP-NMES, with similar amounts of neuromuscular fatigue across protocols. All NMES protocols induced similar amounts of peripheral fatigue and reduced EMG amplitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami K Alahmari
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University (TU), Taif, Mecca, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anthony J Shield
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gabriel S Trajano
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
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Kurz A, Volk GF, Arnold D, Schneider-Stickler B, Mayr W, Guntinas-Lichius O. Selective Electrical Surface Stimulation to Support Functional Recovery in the Early Phase After Unilateral Acute Facial Nerve or Vocal Fold Paralysis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:869900. [PMID: 35444611 PMCID: PMC9013944 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.869900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This article addresses the potential clinical value of surface electrical stimulation in the acute phase of denervation after the onset of facial nerve or recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis. These two nerve lesions are the most frequent head and neck nerve lesions. In this review, we will work out several similarities concerning the pathophysiology features and the clinical scenario between both nerve lesions, which allow to develop some general rules for surface electrical stimulation applicable for both nerve lesions. The focus is on electrical stimulation in the phase between denervation and reinnervation of the target muscles. The aim of electrostimulation in this phase of denervation is to bridge the time until reinnervation is complete and to maintain facial or laryngeal function. In this phase, electrostimulation has to stimulate directly the denervated muscles, i.e. muscle stimulation and not nerve stimulation. There is preliminary data that early electrostimulation might also improve the functional outcome. Because there are still caveats against the use of electrostimulation, the neurophysiology of denervated facial and laryngeal muscles in comparison to innervated muscles is explained in detail. This is necessary to understand why the negative results published in several studies that used stimulation parameters are not suitable for denervated muscle fibers. Juxtaposed are studies using parameters adapted for the stimulation of denervated facial or laryngeal muscles. These studies used standardized outcome measure and show that an effective and tolerable electrostimulation of facial and laryngeal muscles without side effects in the early phase after onset of the lesions is feasible, does not hinder nerve regeneration and might even be able to improve the functional outcome. This has now to be proven in larger controlled trials. In our view, surface electrical stimulation has an unexploited potential to enrich the early therapy concepts for patients with unilateral facial or vocal fold paralysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabella Kurz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Phoniatrics-Logopedics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerd Fabian Volk
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Facial-Nerve-Center Jena, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Rare Diseases, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Dirk Arnold
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Facial-Nerve-Center Jena, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Berit Schneider-Stickler
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Division of Phoniatrics-Logopedics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Winfried Mayr
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Orlando Guntinas-Lichius
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Facial-Nerve-Center Jena, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany.,Center for Rare Diseases, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
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Wang C, Shi Q, Lee C. Advanced Implantable Biomedical Devices Enabled by Triboelectric Nanogenerators. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:1366. [PMID: 35458075 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Implantable biomedical devices (IMDs) play essential roles in healthcare. Subject to the limited battery life, IMDs cannot achieve long-term in situ monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment. The proposal and rapid development of triboelectric nanogenerators free IMDs from the shackles of batteries and spawn a self-powered healthcare system. This review aims to overview the development of IMDs based on triboelectric nanogenerators, divided into self-powered biosensors, in vivo energy harvesting devices, and direct electrical stimulation therapy devices. Meanwhile, future challenges and opportunities are discussed according to the development requirements of current-level self-powered IMDs to enhance output performance, develop advanced triboelectric nanogenerators with multifunctional materials, and self-driven close-looped diagnosis and treatment systems.
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Loubrie S, Trotier A, Ribot E, Massot P, Lefrançois W, Thiaudière E, Dallaudière B, Miraux S, Bourdel-Marchasson I. New setup for multi-parametric MRI in young and old rat gastrocnemius at 4.7 and 7 T during muscle stimulation. NMR Biomed 2022; 35:e4620. [PMID: 34585794 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
T1 and T2 relaxation times combined with 31 P spectroscopy have been proven efficient for muscular disease characterization as well as for pre- and post-muscle stimulation measurements. Even though 31 P spectroscopy can already be performed during muscle exercise, no method for T1 and T2 measurement enables this possibility. In this project, a complete setup and protocol for multi-parametrical MRI of the rat gastrocnemius before, during and after muscle stimulation at 4.7 and 7 T is presented. The setup is fully MRI compatible and is composed of a cradle, an electro-stimulator and an electronic card in order to synchronize MRI sequences with muscle stimulation. A 2D triggered radial-encoded Look-Locker sequence was developed, and enabled T1 measurements in less than 2 min on stimulated muscle. Also, a multi-slice multi-echo sequence was adapted and synchronized for T2 measurements as well as 31 P spectroscopy acquisitions in less than 4 min in both cases on stimulated muscle. Methods were validated on young rats using different stimulation paradigms. Then they were applied on older rats to compare quantification results, using the different stimulation paradigms, and allowed observation of metabolic changes related to aging with good reproducibility. The robustness of the whole setup shows wide application opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Loubrie
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques (CRMSB)-UMR 5536 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Aurelien Trotier
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques (CRMSB)-UMR 5536 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emeline Ribot
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques (CRMSB)-UMR 5536 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Massot
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques (CRMSB)-UMR 5536 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - William Lefrançois
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques (CRMSB)-UMR 5536 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Eric Thiaudière
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques (CRMSB)-UMR 5536 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Benjamin Dallaudière
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques (CRMSB)-UMR 5536 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Centre d'Imagerie Ostéo-articulaire, Clinique du Sport de Bordeaux-Mérignac, Mérignac, France
| | - Sylvain Miraux
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques (CRMSB)-UMR 5536 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabelle Bourdel-Marchasson
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique des Systèmes Biologiques (CRMSB)-UMR 5536 CNRS/Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Pôle de gérontologie clinique, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
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Jia B, Kumbhar AN, Tong Y. Development of a Computer Vision-Based Muscle Stimulation Method for Measuring Muscle Fatigue during Prolonged Low-Load Exposure. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:11242. [PMID: 34769758 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Measuring muscle fatigue is one essential and standard method to quantify the ergonomic risks associated with prolonged low-load exposure. However, measuring muscle fatigue using EMG-based methods has shown conflicting results under low-load but sustained work conditions, e.g., prolonged sitting. Muscle stimulation technology provides an alternative way to estimate muscle fatigue development during such work conditions by monitoring the stimulation-evoked muscle responses, which, however, could be restricted by the accessibility and measurability of targeted muscles. This study proposes a computer vision-based method to overcome such potential restrictions by visually quantifying the muscle belly displacement caused by muscle stimulation. The results demonstrate the ability of the developed computer vision-based stimulation method to detect muscle fatigue from prolonged low-load tasks. Current results can be used as a foundation to develop a sensitive and reliable method to quantify the adverse effects of the daily low-load sustained condition in occupational and nonoccupational settings.
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Shevtsova NA, Marchenko V, Bezdudnaya T. Modulation of Respiratory System by Limb Muscle Afferents in Intact and Injured Spinal Cord. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:289. [PMID: 30971888 PMCID: PMC6443963 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Breathing constantly adapts to environmental, metabolic or behavioral changes by responding to different sensory information, including afferent feedback from muscles. Importantly, not just respiratory muscle feedback influences respiratory activity. Afferent sensory information from rhythmically moving limbs has also been shown to play an essential role in the breathing. The present review will discuss the neuronal mechanisms of respiratory modulation by activation of peripheral muscles that usually occurs during locomotion or exercise. An understanding of these mechanisms and finding the most effective approaches to regulate respiratory motor output by stimulation of limb muscles could be extremely beneficial for people with respiratory dysfunctions. Specific attention in the present review is given to the muscle stimulation to treat respiratory deficits following cervical spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia A Shevtsova
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Vitaliy Marchenko
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Tatiana Bezdudnaya
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Parry SM, Chapple LAS, Mourtzakis M. Exploring the Potential Effectiveness of Combining Optimal Nutrition With Electrical Stimulation to Maintain Muscle Health in Critical Illness: A Narrative Review. Nutr Clin Pract 2018; 33:772-789. [PMID: 30358183 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle wasting occurs rapidly within days of an admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Concomitant muscle weakness and impaired physical functioning can ensue, with lasting effects well after hospital discharge. Early physical rehabilitation is a promising intervention to minimize muscle weakness and physical dysfunction. However, there is an often a delay in commencing active functional exercises (such as sitting on the edge of bed, standing and mobilizing) due to sedation, patient alertness, and impaired ability to cooperate in the initial days of ICU admission. Therefore, there is high interest in being able to intervene early through nonvolitional exercise strategies such as electrical muscle stimulation (EMS). Muscle health characterized as the composite of muscle quantity, as well as functional and metabolic integrity, may be potentially maintained when optimal nutrition therapy is provided in complement with early physical rehabilitation in critically ill patients; however, the type, dosage, and timing of these interventions are unclear. This article explores the potential role of nutrition and EMS in maintaining muscle health in critical illness. Within this article, we will evaluate fundamental concepts of muscle wasting and evaluate the effects of EMS, as well as the effects of nutrition therapy on muscle health and the clinical and functional outcomes in critically ill patients. We will also highlight current research gaps in order to advance the field forward in this important area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina M Parry
- Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lee-Anne S Chapple
- Intensive Care Research, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia, Australia
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Ahtiainen JP, Lensu S, Ruotsalainen I, Schumann M, Ihalainen JK, Fachada V, Mendias CL, Brook MS, Smith K, Atherton PJ, Koch LG, Britton SL, Kainulainen H. Physiological adaptations to resistance training in rats selectively bred for low and high response to aerobic exercise training. Exp Physiol 2018; 103:1513-1523. [PMID: 30184287 DOI: 10.1113/ep087144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Can phenotypic traits associated with low response to one mode of training be extrapolated to other exercise-inducible phenotypes? The present study investigated whether rats that are low responders to endurance training are also low responders to resistance training. What is the main finding and its importance? After resistance training, rats that are high responders to aerobic exercise training improved more in maximal strength compared with low-responder rats. However, the greater gain in strength in high-responder rats was not accompanied by muscle hypertrophy, suggesting that the responses observed could be mainly neural in origin. ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine whether rats selectively bred for low and high response to aerobic exercise training co-segregate for differences in muscle adaptations to ladder-climbing resistance training. Five high-responder (HRT) and five low-responder (LRT) rats completed the resistance training, while six HRT and six LRT rats served as sedentary control animals. Before and after the 6 week intervention, body composition was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Before tissue harvesting, the right triceps surae muscles were loaded by electrical stimulation. Muscle fibre cross-sectional areas, nuclei per cell, phosphorylation status of selected signalling proteins of mTOR and Smad pathways, and muscle protein, DNA and RNA concentrations were determined for the right gastrocnemius muscle. The daily protein synthesis rate was determined by the deuterium oxide method from the left quadriceps femoris muscle. Tissue weights of fore- and hindlimb muscles were measured. In response to resistance training, maximal carrying capacity was greater in HRT (∼3.3 times body mass) than LRT (∼2.5 times body mass), indicating greater improvements of strength in HRT. However, muscle hypertrophy that could be related to greater strength gains in HRT was not observed. Furthermore, noteworthy changes within the experimental groups or differences between groups were not observed in the present measures. The lack of hypertrophic muscular adaptations despite considerable increases in muscular strength suggest that adaptations to the present ladder-climbing training in HRT and LRT rats were largely induced by neural adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juha P Ahtiainen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sanna Lensu
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Moritz Schumann
- German Sport University, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sport Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Johanna K Ihalainen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Vasco Fachada
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | | | - Matthew S Brook
- MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Kenneth Smith
- MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Philip J Atherton
- MRC-ARUK Centre of Excellence for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - Lauren G Koch
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Steven L Britton
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Heikki Kainulainen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Yang K, Meadmore K, Freeman C, Grabham N, Hughes AM, Wei Y, Torah R, Glanc-Gostkiewicz M, Beeby S, Tudor J. Development of User-Friendly Wearable Electronic Textiles for Healthcare Applications. Sensors (Basel) 2018; 18:E2410. [PMID: 30044382 DOI: 10.3390/s18082410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents research into a user-friendly electronic sleeve (e-sleeve) with integrated electrodes in an array for wearable healthcare. The electrode array was directly printed onto an everyday clothing fabric using screen printing. The fabric properties and designed structures of the e-sleeve were assessed and refined through interaction with end users. Different electrode array layouts were fabricated to optimize the user experience in terms of comfort, effectivity and ease of use. The e-sleeve uses dry electrodes to facilitate ease of use and the electrode array can survive bending a sufficient number of times to ensure an acceptable usage lifetime. Different cleaning methods (washing and wiping) have been identified to enable reuse of the e-sleeve after contamination during use. The application of the e-sleeve has been demonstrated via muscle stimulation on the upper limb to achieve functional tasks (e.g., hand opening, pointing) for eight stroke survivors.
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Abstract
Prevention of lower extremity fluid pooling (LEFP) is associated with improved sleep quality. Physical activity and compression stockings are non-invasive methods used to manage LEFP, but both are associated with low adherence. Calf muscle pump (CMP) stimulation is an alternative and more convenient approach. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 11 participants between ages 45 and 65 with poor sleep quality. A within-person single-group pre-test-post-test design was used to evaluate changes in sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, and functional outcomes sensitive to impaired sleep as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale after 4 weeks of CMP stimulation. Statistical analysis included effect size (ES) calculations. After daily use of CMP stimulation, participants demonstrated improvement in overall sleep quality (ES = -.97) and a large reduction in daily disturbance from poor sleep (ES = -1.25). Moderate improvements were observed in daytime sleepiness (ES = -.53) and functional outcomes sensitive to sleepiness (ES = .49). Although causality could not be determined with this study design, these results support further research to determine whether CMP stimulation can improve sleep quality. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynn M Baniak
- Postdoctoral Fellow University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, 3500 Victoria St. Victoria Bldg. 363A, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261
| | - Carolyn S Pierce
- Associate Professor Binghamton University School of Nursing, Binghamton, NY
| | - Kenneth J McLeod
- Professor Director, Clinical Science and Engineering Research Center Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY
| | - Eileen R Chasens
- Associate Professor University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA
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Smith IC, Bellissimo C, Herzog W, Tupling AR. Can inorganic phosphate explain sag during unfused tetanic contractions of skeletal muscle? Physiol Rep 2016; 4:4/22/e13043. [PMID: 27884960 PMCID: PMC5358005 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We test the hypothesis that cytosolic inorganic phosphate (Pi) can account for the contraction‐induced reductions in twitch duration which impair summation and cause force to decline (sag) during unfused tetanic contractions of fast‐twitch muscle. A five‐state model of crossbridge cycling was used to simulate twitch and unfused tetanic contractions. As Pi concentration ([Pi]) was increased from 0 to 30 mmol·L−1, twitch duration decreased, with progressive reductions in sensitivity to Pi as [Pi] was increased. When unfused tetani were simulated with rising [Pi], sag was most pronounced when initial [Pi] was low, and when the magnitude of [Pi] increase was large. Fast‐twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles (sag‐prone, typically low basal [Pi]) and slow‐twitch soleus muscles (sag‐resistant, typically high basal [Pi]) were isolated from 14 female C57BL/6 mice. Muscles were sequentially incubated in solutions containing either glucose or pyruvate to create typical and low Pi environments, respectively. Twitch duration was greater (P < 0.05) in pyruvate than glucose in both muscles. Stimuli applied at intervals approximately three times the time to peak twitch tension resulted in sag of 35.0 ± 3.7% in glucose and 50.5 ± 1.4% in pyruvate in the EDL (pyruvate > glucose; P < 0.05), and 3.9 ± 0.3% in glucose and 37.8 ± 2.7% in pyruvate in the soleus (pyruvate > glucose; P < 0.05). The influence of Pi on crossbridge cycling provides a tenable mechanism for sag. Moreover, the low basal [Pi] in fast‐twitch relative to slow‐twitch muscle has promise as an explanation for the fiber‐type dependency of sag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C Smith
- Human Performance Lab, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Walter Herzog
- Human Performance Lab, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Russell Tupling
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Klimkiewicz R, Kubsik A, Janczewska K, Jankowska A, Woldańska-Okońska M. [Assessment of degree of functional efficiency patients with the gonarthrosis after applying physiotherapy]. Pol Merkur Lekarski 2016; 40:235-239. [PMID: 27137823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Gonarthrosis is the most important problem of contemporary medicine. Social and economic aspect of this phenomenon caused the World Health Organization gave it the status of "disease of civilization". AIM The aim of the study was assessment of the impact chosen models of physiotherapy proceedings on the functional efficiency of patients with the gonarthrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the study took part in 120 patients of both sexes divided into 4 groups. Group I - 30 patients with the gonarthrosis who have been applied electrostimulation of Kot'z and static exercises with biofeedback of extensors and flexors of the knee joint. Group II - 30 patients with the gonarthrosis who have been applied electrostimulation of Kot'z and dynamic exercises of muscles working on the knee joint. Group III - 30 patients with the gonarthrosis who have been applied static exercises with biofeedback of extensors and flexors of the knee joint, without electrostimulation. Group IV - 30 patients with the gonarthrosis who have been applied dynamic exercises of muscles working on the knee joint, without electrostimulation. Participants in the project were examined twice (before the starting and after finishing rehabilitation) and the level of the functional efficiency of patients was assessed based on results of the Functional Lequesne Index for knee joints. RESULTS Results collected at this work are confirming the dominant role of the model of therapy from the group I (Kot'z electriostimulation and static exercises with biofeedback) in the forming of the functional efficiency of patients with the gonarthrosis. Results of this group, in the statistically significant way differ from of the patients from the group III (only static exercises) and IV (only dynamic exercises). No significant diferences between groups I and II confirm the tkey role in the forming of the result of Kot'z electrostimulation. CONCLUSIONS Combination of kinesio exercises and Kot'z electrostimulation influences significally on increasing of the functional efficiency patients with gonarthosis. Out of all analysed models of therapy it turned out that the most effective is combination of "Russian stimulation" and static exercises with biofeedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Klimkiewicz
- Medical University of Lodz , Poland, Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine
| | - Anna Kubsik
- Medical University of Lodz , Poland, Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine
| | - Katarzyna Janczewska
- Medical University of Lodz , Poland, Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine
| | - Agnieszka Jankowska
- Medical University of Lodz , Poland, Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine
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Abstract
The relationship between muscle activity and behavioral output determines how the brain controls and modifies complex skills. In vocal control, ensembles of muscles are used to precisely tune single acoustic parameters such as fundamental frequency and sound amplitude. If individual vocal muscles were dedicated to the control of single parameters, then the brain could control each parameter independently by modulating the appropriate muscle or muscles. Alternatively, if each muscle influenced multiple parameters, a more complex control strategy would be required to selectively modulate a single parameter. Additionally, it is unknown whether the function of single muscles is fixed or varies across different vocal gestures. A fixed relationship would allow the brain to use the same changes in muscle activation to, for example, increase the fundamental frequency of different vocal gestures, whereas a context-dependent scheme would require the brain to calculate different motor modifications in each case. We tested the hypothesis that single muscles control multiple acoustic parameters and that the function of single muscles varies across gestures using three complementary approaches. First, we recorded electromyographic data from vocal muscles in singing Bengalese finches. Second, we electrically perturbed the activity of single muscles during song. Third, we developed an ex vivo technique to analyze the biomechanical and acoustic consequences of single-muscle perturbations. We found that single muscles drive changes in multiple parameters and that the function of single muscles differs across vocal gestures, suggesting that the brain uses a complex, gesture-dependent control scheme to regulate vocal output.
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Swift SN, Swift JM, Bloomfield SA. Mechanical loading increases detection of estrogen receptor-alpha in osteocytes and osteoblasts despite chronic energy restriction. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 117:1349-55. [PMID: 25213639 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00588.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) is an important mediator of the bone response to mechanical loading. We sought to determine whether restricting dietary energy intake by 40% limits the bone formation rate (BFR) response to mechanical loading (LOAD) by downregulating ER-α-expressing osteocytes, or osteoblasts, or both. Female rats (n = 48, 7 mo old) were randomized to ADLIB-SHAM and ADLIB-LOAD groups fed AIN-93M purified diet ad libitum or to ER40-SHAM and ER40-LOAD groups fed modified AIN-93M with 40% less energy (100% of all other nutrients). After 12 wk, LOAD rats were subjected to a muscle contraction protocol three times every third day. ER40 produced lower proximal tibia bone volume (-22%), trabecular thickness (-14%), and higher trabecular separation (+127%) in SHAM but not LOAD rats. ER40 rats exhibited reductions in mineral apposition rate, but not percent mineralizing surface or BFR. LOAD induced similar relative increases in these kinetic measures of osteoblast activity/recruitment in both diet groups., but absolute values for ER40 LOAD rats were lower vs. ADLIB-LOAD. There were fourfold and eightfold increases in proportion of estrogen receptor-α protein-positive osteoblast and osteocytes, respectively, in LOAD vs. SHAM rats, with no effect of ER40. These data suggest that a brief period of mechanical loading significantly affects estrogen receptor-α in cancellous bone osteoblasts and osteocytes. Chronic energy restriction does result in lower absolute values in indices of osteoblast activity after mechanical loading, but not by a smaller increment relative to unloaded bones; this change is not explained by an associated downregulation of ER-α in osteoblasts or osteocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibyl N Swift
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; and Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Joshua M Swift
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; and
| | - Susan A Bloomfield
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas; and Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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Qin YX, Lam H, Ferreri S, Rubin C. Dynamic skeletal muscle stimulation and its potential in bone adaptation. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact 2010; 10:12-24. [PMID: 20190376 PMCID: PMC4961074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
To identify mechanotransductive signals for combating musculoskeletal deterioration, it is essential to determine the components and mechanisms critical to the anabolic processes of musculoskeletal tissues. It is hypothesized that the interaction between bone and muscle may depend on fluid exchange in these tissues by mechanical loading. It has been shown that intramedullary pressure (ImP) and low-level bone strain induced by muscle stimulation (MS) has the potential to mitigate bone loss induced by disuse osteopenia. Optimized MS signals, i.e., low-intensity and high frequency, may be critical in maintaining bone mass and mitigating muscle atrophy. The objectives for this review are to discuss the potential for MS to induce ImP and strains on bone, to regulate bone adaptation, and to identify optimized stimulation frequency in the loading regimen. The potential for MS to regulate blood and fluid flow will also be discussed. The results suggest that oscillatory MS regulates fluid dynamics with minimal mechanical strain in bone. The response was shown to be dependent on loading frequency, serving as a critical mediator in mitigating bone loss. A specific regimen of dynamic MS may be optimized in vivo to attenuate disuse osteopenia and serve as a biomechanical intervention in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Qin
- Orthopaedic Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5281, USA.
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Sketelj J, Crne-Finderle N, Strukelj B, Trontelj JV, Pette D. Acetylcholinesterase mRNA level and synaptic activity in rat muscles depend on nerve-induced pattern of muscle activation. J Neurosci 1998; 18:1944-52. [PMID: 9482780 PMCID: PMC6792929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) mRNA levels are severalfold higher in fast rat muscles compared with slow. We hypothesized that AChE mRNA levels and AChE activity in the neuromuscular junction depend on a specific nerve-induced pattern of motor unit activation. Chronic low-frequency stimulation, mimicking the activation pattern in slow muscles, was applied to fast muscles in rats. Molecular forms of AChE were analyzed by velocity sedimentation, and AChE mRNA levels were analyzed by Northern blots. AChE mRNA levels in stimulated fast muscles dropped to 10-20% of control after 1 week and became comparable to those in slow soleus muscles. The activity of the junctional A12 AChE form in 35 d stimulated fast muscles decreased to 56% of control value, reaching that in the soleus muscle. Therefore, synaptic AChE itself depends on the muscle activation pattern. Complete inactivity after denervation also decreased the AChE mRNA level in fast muscles to <10% in 48 hr. In contrast, profuse fibrillations observed in noninnervated immature regenerating muscles maintain AChE mRNA levels at 80% of that in the innervated fast muscles. If protein synthesis was inhibited by cycloheximide, AChE mRNA levels in 3-d-old regenerating muscle, still containing myoblasts, increased approximately twofold. No significant increase after cycloheximide application was observed either in denervated mature fast muscles or in normal slow muscles. Low AChE mRNA levels observed in those muscles are probably not caused by decreased stability of AChE mRNA as demonstrated in myoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sketelj
- Institute of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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