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Dewar MB, Ehsan F, Izumi A, Zhang H, Zhou YQ, Shah H, Langburt D, Suresh H, Wang T, Hacker A, Hinz B, Gillis J, Husain M, Heximer SP. Defining Transcriptomic Heterogeneity between Left and Right Ventricle-Derived Cardiac Fibroblasts. Cells 2024; 13:327. [PMID: 38391940 PMCID: PMC10887120 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a key aspect of heart failure, leading to reduced ventricular compliance and impaired electrical conduction in the myocardium. Various pathophysiologic conditions can lead to fibrosis in the left ventricle (LV) and/or right ventricle (RV). Despite growing evidence to support the transcriptomic heterogeneity of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in healthy and diseased states, there have been no direct comparisons of CFs in the LV and RV. Given the distinct natures of the ventricles, we hypothesized that LV- and RV-derived CFs would display baseline transcriptomic differences that influence their proliferation and differentiation following injury. Bulk RNA sequencing of CFs isolated from healthy murine left and right ventricles indicated that LV-derived CFs may be further along the myofibroblast transdifferentiation trajectory than cells isolated from the RV. Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of the two populations confirmed that Postn+ CFs were more enriched in the LV, whereas Igfbp3+ CFs were enriched in the RV at baseline. Notably, following pressure overload injury, the LV developed a larger subpopulation of pro-fibrotic Thbs4+/Cthrc1+ injury-induced CFs, while the RV showed a unique expansion of two less-well-characterized CF subpopulations (Igfbp3+ and Inmt+). These findings demonstrate that LV- and RV-derived CFs display baseline subpopulation differences that may dictate their diverging responses to pressure overload injury. Further study of these subpopulations will elucidate their role in the development of fibrosis and inform on whether LV and RV fibrosis require distinct treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bradley Dewar
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Fahad Ehsan
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Aliya Izumi
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Hangjun Zhang
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Yu-Qing Zhou
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterial & Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Haisam Shah
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Dylan Langburt
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Hamsini Suresh
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Alison Hacker
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Boris Hinz
- Keenan Research Institute for Biomedical Science of the St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Jesse Gillis
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Mansoor Husain
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
- Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Scott Patrick Heximer
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
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Huang J, Zhang H, Fan X, Guo J. Inhibition of miR-497 Attenuates Oral Submucous Fibrosis by Inhibiting Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation in Buccal Mucosal Fibroblasts. Oral Health Prev Dent 2022; 20:339-348. [PMID: 35920886 DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b3276183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a common chronic condition with poor prognosis, and existing therapies for OSF are limited in effectiveness. This study was designed to explore the role of miR-497 in arecoline (AR)-induced OSF. MATERIALS AND METHODS After miR-497 was silenced or overexpressed in buccal mucosa fibroblasts (BMFs), different concentrations of AR (5-200 μg/ml) were applied to incubate BMFs, and 50 μg/ml of AR was chosen for subsequent experiments. Thereafter, collagen gel contraction assay was used to detect the contractile capacity of BMFs. Transwell assay and wound healing assay were applied to detect migration and invasiveness of the cells. In addition, immunofluorescence staining, qRT-PCR and western blot were conducted to measure the expression of miR-497, collagen I and α-SMA, as well as the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3. RESULTS After successful inhibition or overexpression of miR-497 in AR-induced BMFs, the results showed that miR- 497 inhibition suppressed the contractility, migration and invasiveness of AR-induced BMFs, whereas overexpression of miR-497 produced the opposite. In addition, miR-497 inhibition down-regulated the expression level of collagen I and α-SMA in AR-exposed BMFs. Furthermore, TGF-β1 expression, Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation were also repressed in AR-induced BMFs after miR-497 inhibition. Correspondingly, overexpression of miR-497 reversed the expression of the aforementioned proteins. CONCLUSION miR-497 inhibition may attenuate OSF by inhibiting myofibroblast transdifferentiation in BMFs via the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway, indicating that miR-497 might represent an underlying target for treating OSF.
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Pan M, Zhao F, Xie B, Wu H, Zhang S, Ye C, Guan Z, Kang L, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Lei Y, Wang Q, Wang L, Yang F, Zhao C, Qu J, Zhou X. Dietary ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are protective for myopia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2104689118. [PMID: 34675076 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2104689118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Myopia is a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. However, a safe and accessible approach for myopia control and prevention is currently unavailable. Here, we investigated the therapeutic effect of dietary supplements of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) on myopia progression in animal models and on decreases in choroidal blood perfusion (ChBP) caused by near work, a risk factor for myopia in young adults. We demonstrated that daily gavage of ω-3 PUFAs (300 mg docosahexaenoic acid [DHA] plus 60 mg eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA]) significantly attenuated the development of form deprivation myopia in guinea pigs and mice, as well as of lens-induced myopia in guinea pigs. Peribulbar injections of DHA also inhibited myopia progression in form-deprived guinea pigs. The suppression of myopia in guinea pigs was accompanied by inhibition of the "ChBP reduction-scleral hypoxia cascade." Additionally, treatment with DHA or EPA antagonized hypoxia-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation in cultured human scleral fibroblasts. In human subjects, oral administration of ω-3 PUFAs partially alleviated the near-work-induced decreases in ChBP. Therefore, evidence from these animal and human studies suggests ω-3 PUFAs are potential and readily available candidates for myopia control.
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Salvadori L, Chiappalupi S, Arato I, Mancuso F, Calvitti M, Marchetti MC, Riuzzi F, Calafiore R, Luca G, Sorci G. Sertoli Cells Improve Myogenic Differentiation, Reduce Fibrogenic Markers, and Induce Utrophin Expression in Human DMD Myoblasts. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1504. [PMID: 34680138 PMCID: PMC8533898 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked disease caused by mutations in DMD gene translating in lack of functional dystrophin and resulting in susceptibility of myofibers to rupture during contraction. Inflammation and fibrosis are critical hallmarks of DMD muscles, which undergo progressive degeneration leading to loss of independent ambulation in childhood and death by early adulthood. We reported that intraperitoneal injection of microencapsulated Sertoli cells (SeC) in dystrophic mice translates into recovery of muscle morphology and performance thanks to anti-inflammatory effects and induction of the dystrophin paralogue, utrophin at the muscle level, opening new avenues in the treatment of DMD. The aim of this study is to obtain information about the direct effects of SeC on myoblasts/myotubes, as a necessary step in view of a translational application of SeC-based approaches to DMD. We show that (i) SeC-derived factors stimulate cell proliferation in the early phase of differentiation in C2C12, and human healthy and DMD myoblasts; (ii) SeC delay the expression of differentiation markers in the early phase nevertheless stimulating terminal differentiation in DMD myoblasts; (iii) SeC restrain the fibrogenic potential of fibroblasts, and inhibit myoblast-myofibroblast transdifferentiation; and, (iv) SeC provide functional replacement of dystrophin in preformed DMD myotubes regardless of the mutation by inducing heregulin β1/ErbB2/ERK1/2-dependent utrophin expression. Altogether, these results show that SeC are endowed with promyogenic and antifibrotic effects on dystrophic myoblasts, further supporting their potential use in the treatment of DMD patients. Our data also suggest that SeC-based approaches might be useful in improving the early phase of muscle regeneration, during which myoblasts have to adequately proliferate to replace the damaged muscle mass.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Cell Transdifferentiation/genetics
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dystrophin/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/genetics
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/metabolism
- Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/pathology
- Humans
- Inflammation/genetics
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/pathology
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/genetics
- Male
- Mice
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/genetics
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/metabolism
- Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/pathology
- Myoblasts/metabolism
- Neuregulin-1/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Regeneration/genetics
- Sertoli Cells/metabolism
- Sertoli Cells/pathology
- Utrophin/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Salvadori
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy;
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Sara Chiappalupi
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (F.R.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.A.); (F.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.M.); (R.C.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (CIB), 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Iva Arato
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.A.); (F.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Francesca Mancuso
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.A.); (F.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Mario Calvitti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.A.); (F.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Maria Cristina Marchetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.A.); (F.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.M.); (R.C.)
| | - Francesca Riuzzi
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (F.R.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.A.); (F.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.M.); (R.C.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (CIB), 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calafiore
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.A.); (F.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.M.); (R.C.)
- Centro Biotecnologico Internazionale di Ricerca Traslazionale ad Indirizzo Endocrino, Metabolico ed Embrio-Riproduttivo (CIRTEMER), 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.A.); (F.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.M.); (R.C.)
- Centro Biotecnologico Internazionale di Ricerca Traslazionale ad Indirizzo Endocrino, Metabolico ed Embrio-Riproduttivo (CIRTEMER), 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Centro Universitario di Ricerca sulla Genomica Funzionale (CURGeF), 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Guglielmo Sorci
- Interuniversity Institute of Myology (IIM), 06132 Perugia, Italy; (S.C.); (F.R.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (I.A.); (F.M.); (M.C.); (M.C.M.); (R.C.)
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Biotecnologie (CIB), 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Centro Biotecnologico Internazionale di Ricerca Traslazionale ad Indirizzo Endocrino, Metabolico ed Embrio-Riproduttivo (CIRTEMER), 06132 Perugia, Italy
- Centro Universitario di Ricerca sulla Genomica Funzionale (CURGeF), 06132 Perugia, Italy
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Mann J, Chu DCK, Maxwell A, Oakley F, Zhu NL, Tsukamoto H, Mann DA. MeCP2 controls an epigenetic pathway that promotes myofibroblast transdifferentiation and fibrosis. Gastroenterology 2010; 138:705-14, 714.e1-4. [PMID: 19843474 PMCID: PMC2819585 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2009] [Revised: 09/29/2009] [Accepted: 10/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Myofibroblast transdifferentiation generates hepatic myofibroblasts, which promote liver fibrogenesis. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is a negative regulator of this process. We investigated epigenetic regulation of PPARgamma and myofibroblast transdifferentiation. METHODS Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays assessed the binding of methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) to PPARgamma and chromatin modifications that silence this gene. MeCP2(-/y) mice and an inhibitor (DZNep) of the epigenetic regulatory protein EZH2 were used in the carbon tetrachloride model of liver fibrosis. Liver tissues from mice were assessed by histologic analysis; markers of fibrosis were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Reverse transcription PCR detected changes in expression of the microRNA miR132 and its target, elongated transcripts of MeCP2. Myofibroblasts were transfected with miR132; PPARgamma and MeCP2 expressions were analyzed by qPCR or immunoblotting. RESULTS Myofibroblast transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells is controlled by a combination of MeCP2, EZH2, and miR132 in a relay pathway. The pathway is activated by down-regulation of miR132, releasing the translational block on MeCP2. MeCP2 is recruited to the 5' end of PPARgamma, where it promotes methylation by H3K9 and recruits the transcription repressor HP1alpha. MeCP2 also stimulates expression of EZH2 and methylation of H3K27 to form a repressive chromatin structure in the 3' exons of PPARgamma. Genetic and pharmacologic disruptions of MeCP2 or EZH2 reduced the fibrogenic characteristics of myofibroblasts and attenuated fibrogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Liver fibrosis is regulated by an epigenetic relay pathway that includes MeCP2, EZH2, and miR132. Reagents that interfere with this pathway might be developed to reduce fibrogenesis in chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Mann
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - David CK Chu
- The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Aidan Maxwell
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, 4th Floor, Cookson Building, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE24HH, UK
| | - Fiona Oakley
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, 4th Floor, Cookson Building, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE24HH, UK
| | - Nian-Ling Zhu
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine; and Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hidekazu Tsukamoto
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis and Department of Pathology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine; and Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Derek A Mann
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, 4th Floor, Cookson Building, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE24HH, UK
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