Han X, Chai R, Qi F, Bai S, Cui Y, Teng Y, Liu B.
Natural helper cells mediate respiratory syncytial virus-induced airway inflammation by producing type 2 cytokines in an IL-33-dependent manner.
Immunotherapy 2017;
9:715-722. [PMID:
28771101 DOI:
10.2217/imt-2017-0037]
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Abstract
AIM
Type 2 cytokine production during respiratory virus infection is considered to be linked with asthma exacerbation. As potent Th2 cytokine producers, natural helper (NH) cells play a key role in influenza virus-induced airway hyper-responsiveness. However, it is unclear whether NH cells contribute to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-induced airway inflammation, and how the cytokine profile in NH cells is changed during RSV infection.
METHODS
BALB/c mice were infected intranasally with RSV. The number of NH cells in lungs was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of cytokine mRNAs was performed by real-time RT-PCR. Cytokines levels were determined by ELISA.
RESULTS
Following intranasal infection with RSV, BALB/c mice showed an increase in the expression of mRNAs for Th2-like cytokines in NH cells. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of pulmonary NH cells resulted in a massive infiltration of mononuclear cells, in particular eosinophils and neutrophils in lungs, in parallel with an augmented production of Th2-associated cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids, providing convincing evidence that NH cells contribute to RSV-induced lung pathogenesis by producing type 2 cytokines. It should be noted that blocking IL-33 with antibody can diminish the absolute number of pulmonary NH cells and the relative expression of mRNAs for type 2 cytokines in pulmonary NH cells, suggesting that IL-33 is necessary for activating Th2-type NH cells.
CONCLUSION
These results reveal that pulmonary NH cells might participate in RSV-induced airway inflammation by producing large quality of type 2 cytokines in an IL-33-dependent manner.
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