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Cho J, Jung MY, Lee H, An J. Froth-Flotation Separation as an Alternative for the Treatment of Soil Enriched with Fluorine Derived from Mica. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:1775. [PMID: 35162803 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine (F) enrichment originating from natural sources is difficult to remove using chemical washing methods due to the large chemical-resistant residual fraction. This study evaluates the feasibility of using a froth-flotation separation method to remediate soil with a high F concentration caused by mica weathering, and it investigates the optimal conditions for this process, including pH of the slurry, collector dosage, and sample mechanical preparation strategy. The established optimum conditions are pH 3.5, 300 mg/kg collector dosage (tallow amine acetate), which can effectively separate quartz and mica, and a sieving-and-milling strategy that involves discarding particles of size < 0.05 mm, milling those in the range of 0.5-2.0 mm (until < approx. 0.3 mm), and mixing particles with sizes in the range of 0.05-0.5 mm. The target contamination level of 400 mg/kg for the test soil was not met after the first flotation separation process. However, after milling the residue of the first process and subjecting it to a second flotation separation process, the required contamination level was achieved. Consequently, the proposed froth-flotation separation process can be used as a successful alternative technique to remediate F-enriched soils from natural origin that have highly chemical-resistant forms.
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Bakshi H, Nagpal M, Singh M, Dhingra GA, Aggarwal G. Propitious Profile of Peppery Piperine. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 14:477-486. [PMID: 32703146 DOI: 10.2174/1874467213666200722152636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piperine is a key bioactive alkaloid found in plants of piperaceae family. The compound possesses various medicinal and pharmacological activities (cholesterol-lowering, anti-cancer, Alzheimer's disease etc.). Owing to its various target receptors (TRPV1, P-gp, CYP3A4 etc.) and several mechanisms, piperine has been studied as bio-enhancer for other drugs and its role has been evidenced in the literature. When administered with other drugs, it increases the absorption of other drugs, thereby reducing the dose and dose-related toxic potential. There are various mechanisms of piperine as a bio-enhancer and the common ones are i) prevention of efflux of drug molecules out of the cells; ii) decreased metabolism of drugs, thereby prolonging the halflife of drugs resulting in reduced urinary excretion. The detailed mechanism indicating the bio-enhancing role of piperine along with various target receptors has not been comprehensively summarised to date. METHODS Literature related to the molecular, enzymatic and receptor targets of piperine were studied, and database was collected using various search engines such as j-gate, google scholar, scihub, pubmed, sciencedirect, etc. The literature related to therapeutic activities of piperine and its bio-enhancer role for other drugs has been thoroughly studied and compiled in brief. RESULTS A detailed summary of piperine targets, along with related mechanisms, has been stated. A brief therapeutic profile of piperine alone has been produced with supporting literature. Piperine role as a potential bio-enhancer for other drugs has been summarized. CONCLUSION Piperine is a fascinating molecule of natural origin with several modes of its action, not only possesses its own therapeutic activity but also enhances the therapeutic efficacy of other synthetic and natural drug molecules. Combination dosage forms of various API incorporating piperine as a bio-enhancer can be a potential area of thrust for upcoming drug design and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harman Bakshi
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manju Nagpal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Manjinder Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | | | - Geeta Aggarwal
- Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi-110017, India
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Álvarez-Martínez FJ, Barrajón-Catalán E, Micol V. Tackling Antibiotic Resistance with Compounds of Natural Origin: A Comprehensive Review. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E405. [PMID: 33050619 PMCID: PMC7601869 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant bacteria pose a serious threat to human health worldwide. Current antibiotics are losing efficacy and new antimicrobial agents are urgently needed. Living organisms are an invaluable source of antimicrobial compounds. The antimicrobial activity of the most representative natural products of animal, bacterial, fungal and plant origin are reviewed in this paper. Their activity against drug-resistant bacteria, their mechanisms of action, the possible development of resistance against them, their role in current medicine and their future perspectives are discussed. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus and ScienceDirect were used to search scientific contributions until September 2020, using relevant keywords. Natural compounds of heterogeneous origins have been shown to possess antimicrobial capabilities, including against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The most commonly found mechanisms of antimicrobial action are related to protein biosynthesis and alteration of cell walls and membranes. Various natural compounds, especially phytochemicals, have shown synergistic capacity with antibiotics. There is little literature on the development of specific resistance mechanisms against natural antimicrobial compounds. New technologies such as -omics, network pharmacology and informatics have the potential to identify and characterize new natural antimicrobial compounds in the future. This knowledge may be useful for the development of future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Álvarez-Martínez
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Health Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain; (F.J.Á.-M.); (V.M.)
| | - Enrique Barrajón-Catalán
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Health Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain; (F.J.Á.-M.); (V.M.)
| | - Vicente Micol
- Institute of Research, Development and Innovation in Health Biotechnology of Elche (IDiBE), Universitas Miguel Hernández (UMH), 03202 Elche, Spain; (F.J.Á.-M.); (V.M.)
- CIBER, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CB12/03/30038), 28220 Madrid, Spain
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Katahira K, Moriwaki H, Kamura K, Yamazaki H. Two-step extraction method for lead isotope fractionation to reveal anthropogenic lead pollution. Environ Technol 2019; 40:3473-3478. [PMID: 29781400 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1478885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study developed the 2-step extraction method which eluted the Pb adsorbing on the surface of sediments in the first solution by aqua regia and extracted the Pb absorbed inside particles into the second solution by mixed acid of nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid and hydrogen peroxide solution. We applied the method to sediments in the enclosed water area and found out that the isotope ratios of Pb in the second solution represented those of natural origin. This advantage of the method makes it possible to distinguish the Pb between natural origin and anthropogenic source on the basis of the isotope ratios. The results showed that the method was useful to discuss the Pb sources and that anthropogenic Pb in the sediment samples analysed was mainly derived from China because of transboundary air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshi Katahira
- Osaka City Research Center of Environmental Science , Osaka , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Moriwaki
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University , Ueda , Japan
| | - Kazuo Kamura
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Hideo Yamazaki
- Department of Life Science, School of Science and Engineering, Kindai University , Higashiosaka , Japan
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Lapi F, Vannacci A, Moschini M, Cipollini F, Morsuillo M, Gallo E, Banchelli G, Cecchi E, Di Pirro M, Giovannini MG, Cariglia MT, Gori L, Firenzuoli F, Mugelli A. Use, Attitudes and Knowledge of Complementary and Alternative Drugs (CADs) Among Pregnant Women: a Preliminary Survey in Tuscany. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2010; 7:477-86. [PMID: 18955336 PMCID: PMC2892351 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nen031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 04/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To explore pregnant women's use, attitudes, knowledge and beliefs of complementary and alternative drugs (CADs) defined as products manufactured from herbs or with a natural origin. A preliminary survey was conducted among 172 pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy, consecutively recruited in two obstetrical settings; 15 women were randomly selected to compute a test-to-retest analysis. Response rate was 87.2%. Test-to-retest analysis showed a questionnaire's reproducibility exceeding a K-value of 0.7 for all items. Mean age was 32.4 ± 0.4 years; most women were nulliparae (62.7%). The majority of subjects (68%) declared to have used one or more CADs during their lifetime; 48% of pregnant women reported taking at least one CAD previously and during the current pregnancy. Women's habitual use of CADs meant they were at higher risk of taking CADs also during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio = 10.8; 95% confidence interval: 4.7-25.0). Moreover, 59.1% of the subjects were unable to correctly identify the type of CADs they were using. The majority of women resorted to gynecologists as the primary information source for CADs during pregnancy, while they mainly referred to herbalists when not pregnant. Habitual use of CADs seems to be a strong predictor for their ingestion also during pregnancy; in addition most subjects were unable to correctly identify the products they were taking. In the light of the scanty data concerning the safety of CADs during pregnancy, these preliminary results confirm the need to investigate thoroughly the situation of pregnant women and CADs consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lapi
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Alfredo Vannacci
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Martina Moschini
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Cipollini
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Maria Morsuillo
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Eugenia Gallo
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Grazia Banchelli
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Enrica Cecchi
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Marina Di Pirro
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Giovannini
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Cariglia
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Luigi Gori
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Firenzuoli
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mugelli
- Tuscan Regional Centre of Pharmacovigilance, Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Florence, Department of Statistical Science, University of Florence, Department of Emergency Medicine, ASL 4 Hospital, Prato and Centre of Natural Medicine, ASL 11 Hospital, Empoli, Italy
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