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Pizzuti V, Paris F, Marrazzo P, Bonsi L, Alviano F. Mitigating Oxidative Stress in Perinatal Cells: A Critical Step toward an Optimal Therapeutic Use in Regenerative Medicine. Biomolecules 2023; 13:971. [PMID: 37371551 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) occurs when the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is not balanced by the body's antioxidant defense system. OS can profoundly affect cellular health and function. ROS can have a profound negative impact on cells that undergo a predestined and time-regulated process of proliferation or differentiation, such as perinatal stem cells. Due to the large-scale employment of these immunotolerant stem cells in regenerative medicine, it is important to reduce OS to prevent them from losing function and increase their application in the regenerative medicine field. This goal can be achieved through a variety of strategies, such as the use of antioxidants and other compounds that can indirectly modulate the antioxidant defense system by enhancing cellular stress response pathways, including autophagy and mitochondrial function, thereby reducing ROS levels. This review aims to summarize information regarding OS mechanisms in perinatal stem cells and possible strategies for reducing their deleterious effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Pizzuti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Paris
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Bonsi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Alviano
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Paris F, Marrazzo P, Pizzuti V, Marchionni C, Rossi M, Michelotti M, Petrovic B, Ciani E, Simonazzi G, Pession A, Bonsi L, Alviano F. Characterization of Perinatal Stem Cell Spheroids for the Development of Cell Therapy Strategy. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020189. [PMID: 36829683 PMCID: PMC9952228 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a complex metabolic disease characterized by a massive loss of insulin-producing cells due to an autoimmune reaction. Currently, daily subcutaneous administration of exogenous insulin is the only effective treatment. Therefore, in recent years considerable interest has been given to stem cell therapy and in particular to the use of three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures to better reproduce in vivo conditions. The goal of this study is to provide a reliable cellular model that could be investigated for regenerative medicine applications for the replacement of insulin-producing cells in T1DM. To pursue this aim we create a co-culture spheroid of amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) and Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells (WJ-MSCs) in a one-to-one ratio. The resulting co-culture spheroids were analyzed for viability, extracellular matrix production, and hypoxic state in both early- and long-term cultures. Our results suggest that co-culture spheroids are stable in long-term culture and are still viable with a consistent extracellular matrix production evaluated with immunofluorescence staining. These findings suggest that this co-culture may potentially be differentiated into endo-pancreatic cells for regenerative medicine applications in T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Paris
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pasquale Marrazzo
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Valeria Pizzuti
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cosetta Marchionni
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maura Rossi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Michelotti
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Biljana Petrovic
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ciani
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuliana Simonazzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Obstetrics Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant’Orsola, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Pession
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Bonsi
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Francesco Alviano
- Unit of Histology, Embryology and Applied Biology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Silini AR, Parolini O, Ponsaerts P. Editorial: Perinatal derivatives and the road to clinical translation, Volume II. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1122728. [PMID: 36619386 PMCID: PMC9811809 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1122728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta R. Silini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza- Istituto Ospedaliero, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Peter Ponsaerts
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium,*Correspondence: Peter Ponsaerts,
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Paris F, Pizzuti V, Marrazzo P, Pession A, Alviano F, Bonsi L. Perinatal Stem Cell Therapy to Treat Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Never-Say-Die Story of Differentiation and Immunomodulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36498923 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human term placenta and other postpartum-derived biological tissues are promising sources of perinatal cells with unique stem cell properties. Among the massive current research on stem cells, one medical focus on easily available stem cells is to exploit them in the design of immunotherapy protocols, in particular for the treatment of chronic non-curable human diseases. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells and perinatal cells can be harnessed both to generate insulin-producing cells for beta cell replenishment and to regulate autoimmune mechanisms via immunomodulation capacity. In this study, the strong points of cells derived from amniotic epithelial cells and from umbilical cord matrix are outlined and their potential for supporting cell therapy development. From a basic research and expert stem cell point of view, the aim of this review is to summarize information regarding the regenerative medicine field, as well as describe the state of the art on possible cell therapy approaches for diabetes.
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Magatti M, Masserdotti A, Cargnoni A, Papait A, Stefani FR, Silini AR, Parolini O. The Role of B Cells in PE Pathophysiology: A Potential Target for Perinatal Cell-Based Therapy? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3405. [PMID: 33810280 PMCID: PMC8037408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of preeclampsia (PE) is poorly understood; however, there is a large body of evidence that suggests a role of immune cells in the development of PE. Amongst these, B cells are a dominant element in the pathogenesis of PE, and they have been shown to play an important role in various immune-mediated diseases, both as pro-inflammatory and regulatory cells. Perinatal cells are defined as cells from birth-associated tissues isolated from term placentas and fetal annexes and more specifically from the amniotic membrane, chorionic membrane, chorionic villi, umbilical cord (including Wharton's jelly), the basal plate, and the amniotic fluid. They have drawn particular attention in recent years due to their ability to modulate several aspects of immunity, making them promising candidates for the prevention and treatment of various immune-mediated diseases. In this review we describe main findings regarding the multifaceted in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory properties of perinatal cells, with a focus on B lymphocytes. Indeed, we discuss evidence on the ability of perinatal cells to inhibit B cell proliferation, impair B cell differentiation, and promote regulatory B cell formation. Therefore, the findings discussed herein unveil the possibility to modulate B cell activation and function by exploiting perinatal immunomodulatory properties, thus possibly representing a novel therapeutic strategy in PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Magatti
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.R.S.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Alice Masserdotti
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Anna Cargnoni
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.R.S.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Andrea Papait
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.R.S.); (A.R.S.)
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, 00168 Roma, Italy;
| | - Francesca Romana Stefani
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.R.S.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Antonietta Rosa Silini
- Centro di Ricerca E. Menni, Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero, 25124 Brescia, Italy; (M.M.); (A.C.); (A.P.); (F.R.S.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Ornella Parolini
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, 00168 Roma, Italy;
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “Agostino Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
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Verter F, Couto PS, Bersenev A. A dozen years of clinical trials performing advanced cell therapy with perinatal cells. Future Sci OA 2018; 4:FSO351. [PMID: 30450234 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2018-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with exaggerated and prolonged inflammation in the lungs, which contributes to lung injury, airway mucus obstruction, bronchiectasis, and loss of lung function. This hyperinflammatory phenotype appears to be caused by an imbalance between the pro- and antiinflammatory regulatory pathways, with heightened proinflammatory stimuli, a decreased counter-regulatory response, and reduced effectiveness of immune cell function and inflammatory resolution. Thus, therapies that can target this inflammatory environment would have a major impact on preventing the progression of lung disease. Because of the complex phenotype of CF inflammation, current antiinflammatory regimens have proven to be inadequate for the targeting of these multiple dysregulated pathways and effects. Several approaches using cell therapies have shown potential therapeutic benefit for the treatment of CF inflammation. This review provides an overview of the immune dysfunctions in CF and current therapeutic regimens; explores the field of cell therapy as a treatment for CF inflammation; and focuses on the various cell types used, their immunomodulatory functions, and the current approaches to mitigate the inflammatory response and reduce the long-term damage for patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oula Khoury
- 1 Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; and
| | - Christopher Barrios
- 2 Cystic Fibrosis Adult Care Center, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Victor Ortega
- 2 Cystic Fibrosis Adult Care Center, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Anthony Atala
- 1 Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; and
| | - Sean V Murphy
- 1 Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; and
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Abstract
AIM The first review of advanced cell therapy trials with perinatal cells. MATERIALS & METHODS We compiled 281 clinical trials of advanced cell therapy with perinatal cells that were registered in 2005-2015. RESULTS The most common cell source in these trials is cord blood, but the cell type that provides the mechanism of action in the majority of trials is mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. We analyze trends among the 15 parameters we compiled for these trials. CONCLUSION Advanced cell therapy with perinatal cells is a new field that covers a wide range of diagnoses but where most of the trials are early Phase. Researchers in different countries tend to work with a preferred cell source and cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro S Couto
- Parent's Guide to Cord Blood Foundation, Brookeville, MD 20833, USA
| | - Alexey Bersenev
- Cell Therapy Laboratory at Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale University, CT 06520, USA
| | - Frances Verter
- Parent's Guide to Cord Blood Foundation, Brookeville, MD 20833, USA
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