Ferruginivarius sediminum gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern

A novel Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive bacillus, designated WD2A32^T, was isolated from a marine solar saltern in the coast of Weihai, Shandong Province, PR China. Strain WD2A32^T grew optimally at 37-40 °C (range, 20-45 °C) and pH 7.0-7.5 (range, 6.5-8.0) and was tolerant to 6-8 % (w/v) NaCl (range, 2-12 %). The 16S rDNA of strain WD2A32^T was most similar (93.5 %) to that of Rhodovibrio salinarumDSM 9154^T (the type species of the genus Rhodovibrio), followed by Limimonas halophilaDSM 25584^T (92.4 %; the type species of the genus Limimonas). The similarities to the type strains of the genera Pelagibiusand Limibacilluswere less than 91.0 %. The draft genome sequence of strain WD2A32^T contained 72 contigs (>507 bp) of 4 237 996 bp with a DNA G+C content of 65.5 mol%. The major polar lipids of strain WD2A32^T were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified aminolipids; major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C_18 : 1ω7c/C_18 : 1ω6c) and C_19 : 0 cyclo ω8c; the major respiratory quinone was Q-10. On the basis of the results from chemotaxonomic, physiological and biochemical analyses, strain WD2A32^T represents a novel species of a novel genus in the family Rhodospirillaceae, for which the name Ferruginivarius sediminum gen. nov., sp. nov. has been proposed. The type strain is WD2A32^T (=KCTC 52888^T=MCCC 1H00201^T).

Complete mitochondrial genome sequence data provides genetic evidence that the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) represents a species complex

Ticks are blood-sucking ectoparasites of great medical and veterinary significance that can transmit bacteria, protozoa, fungi and viruses, and cause a variety of human and animal diseases worldwide. In the present study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome of Rhipicephalus sanguineus from China (RSC) and compared with that of R. sanguineus from USA (RSU). Nucleotide sequence difference in the full mt genome was 11.23% between RSC and RSU. For the 13 protein-coding genes, comparison revealed sequence divergences at both the nucleotide (9.34-15.65%) and amino acid (2.54-19.23%) levels between RSC and RSU. In addition, sequence comparison of the conserved mt cox1 and cytb genes among multiple individual R. sanguineus revealed substantial nucleotide differences between RSC and RSU but limited sequence variation within RSC. Phylogenetic analysis of ticks based on the amino acid sequence data of 13 protein-coding genes revealed that R. sanguineus from China and R. sanguineus from USA represent sister taxa (likely separate species). Taken together, the findings support the recently proposal that R. sanguineus tick may represents a species complex of at least two closely related species.