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Zhang S, Wang J, Liu X, Kan Z, Zhang Y, Niu Z, Hu X, Zhang L, Zhang X, Song Z. Pemetrexed alleviates piglet diarrhea by blocking the interaction between porcine epidemic diarrhea virus nucleocapsid protein and Ezrin. J Virol 2024; 98:e0162523. [PMID: 38084960 PMCID: PMC10804979 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01625-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enteric coronavirus that causes high mortality in piglets, thus posing a serious threat to the world pig industry. Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is related to the imbalance of sodium absorption by small intestinal epithelial cells; however, the etiology of sodium imbalanced diarrhea caused by PEDV remains unclear. Herein, we first proved that PEDV can cause a significant decrease in Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3) expression on the cell membrane, in a viral dose-dependent manner. Further study showed that the PEDV nucleocapsid (N) protein participates in the regulation of NHE3 activity through interacting with Ezrin. Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy results indicated a serious imbalance in Na+ concentration inside and outside cells following overexpression of PEDV N. Meanwhile, molecular docking technology identified that the small molecule drug Pemetrexed acts on the PEDV N-Ezrin interaction region. It was confirmed that Pemetrexed can alleviate the imbalanced Na+ concentration in IPEC-J2 cells and the diarrhea symptoms of Rongchang pigs caused by PEDV infection. Overall, our data suggest that the interaction between PEDV N and Ezrin reduces the level of phosphorylated Ezrin, resulting in a decrease in the amount of NHE3 protein on the cell membrane. This leads to an imbalance of intracellular and extracellular Na+, which causes diarrhea symptoms in piglets. Pemetrexed is effective in relieving diarrhea caused by PEDV. Our results provide a reference to screen for anti-PEDV targets and to develop drugs to prevent PED.IMPORTANCEPorcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) has caused significant economic losses to the pig industry since its initial outbreak, and the pathogenic mechanism of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is still under investigation. Herein, we found that the PEDV nucleocapsid protein interacts with Ezrin to regulate Na+/H+ exchanger 3 activity. In addition, we screened out Pemetrexed, a small molecule drug, which can effectively alleviate pig diarrhea caused by PEDV. These results provide support for further exploration of the pathogenesis of PEDV and the development of drugs to prevent PED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Zifei Kan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiling Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A and F University, Shanxi, China
| | - Xia Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingcui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenhui Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Pabón-Rodríguez OV, López-López K, Casas-Bedoya GA, Mogollón-Galvis JD, Serna-Cock L. Adhesion factors and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli strains associated with colibacillosis in piglets in Colombia. Vet World 2023; 16:1231-1237. [PMID: 37577196 PMCID: PMC10421556 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1231-1237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The pathogenicity of Escherichia coli is determined by the presence of genes that mediate virulence factors such as adherence capacity and toxin production. This research aimed to identify the adhesion factors and antibiotic resistance capacity of E. coli strains associated with diarrhea in piglets in Colombia. Materials and Methods Presumptive E. coli strains were isolated from the rectal swabs of piglets in swine farms between 4 and 40 days of age with evidence of diarrhea. Presumptive E. coli strains were tested for antibiotic resistance. The hemolytic capacity of presumptive E. coli strains was measured and molecularly identified. Strains confirmed as hemolytic E. coli was evaluated for the presence of five adhesion factors (F4, F5, F6, F18, and F41) and resistance to 11 antibiotics. Results Fifty-two putative E. coli strains were isolated, six of which showed a hemolytic capacity. The hemolytic strains were molecularly identified as E. coli. Adhesive fimbriae were found in five of six β-hemolytic E. coli isolates. Combinations of the adhesion factors F6-F18 and F6-F41 were linked to antibiotic resistance capacity. Conclusion The phenomenon of E. coli strains resistant to multiple antibiotics on pig farms represents a constant risk factor for public health and pig production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar V. Pabón-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia
| | - Karina López-López
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia
| | - Gloria A. Casas-Bedoya
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José D. Mogollón-Galvis
- Departamento de Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Liliana Serna-Cock
- Departamento de Ingeniería, Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia
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Xie K, Yang Q, Yan Z, Huang X, Wang P, Gao X, Gun S. Identification of a Novel lncRNA LNC_001186 and Its Effects on CPB2 Toxin-Induced Apoptosis of IPEC-J2 Cells. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051047. [PMID: 37239407 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringen) beta2 (CPB2) toxin produced by C. perfringens type C (CpC) can cause necrotizing enteritis in piglets. Immune system activation in response to inflammation and pathogen infection is aided by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In our previous work, we revealed the differential expression of the novel lncRNA LNC_001186 in CpC-infected ileum versus healthy piglets. This implied that LNC_001186 may be a regulatory factor essential for CpC infection in piglets. Herein, we analyzed the coding ability, chromosomal location and subcellular localization of LNC_001186 and explored its regulatory role in CPB2 toxin-induced apoptosis of porcine small intestinal epithelial (IPEC-J2) cells. RT-qPCR results indicated that LNC_001186 expression was highly enriched in the intestines of healthy piglets and significantly increased in CpC-infected piglets' ileum tissue and CPB2 toxin-treated IPEC-J2 cells. The total sequence length of LNC_001186 was 1323 bp through RACE assay. CPC and CPAT, two online databases, both confirmed that LNC_001186 had a low coding ability. It was present on pig chromosome 3. Cytoplasmic and nuclear RNA isolation and RNA-FISH assays showed that LNC_001186 was present in the nucleus and cytoplasm of IPEC-J2 cells. Furthermore, six target genes of LNC_001186 were predicted using cis and trans approaches. Meanwhile, we constructed ceRNA regulatory networks with LNC_001186 as the center. Finally, LNC_001186 overexpression inhibited IPEC-J2 cells' apoptosis caused by CPB2 toxin and promoted cell viability. In summary, we determined the role of LNC_001186 in IPEC-J2 cells' apoptosis caused by CPB2 toxin, which assisted us in exploring the molecular mechanism of LNC_001186 in CpC-induced diarrhea in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihui Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Qiaoli Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zunqiang Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shuangbao Gun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Gansu Research Center for Swine Production Engineering and Technology, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Yang J, Zhang J, Yang Q, Huang X, Yan Z, Wang P, Gao X, Li J, Li N, Gao Y, Gun S. LncRNA EN-90756 promotes CPB2-induced proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in IPEC-J2 cells by affecting the JAK-STAT signaling pathway activation. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1082025. [PMID: 36713226 PMCID: PMC9879603 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1082025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as key regulators, are closely associated with the development of a variety of disease. However, the mechanisms by which lncRNAs regulate Clostridium perfringens type C induced piglet diarrhea are unclear. Methods In the present study, we explored the expression and characterization of lncRNAs in a C. perfringens beta2 (CPB2) toxin-treated intestinal porcine epithelial cell line-J2 (IPEC-J2) using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq). Results A total of 6,558 lncRNAs were identified, of which 49 lncRNAs were significantly differentially expressed between the control and CPB2 groups. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the target genes of differentially expressed lncRNA EN-90756 were mainly associated with defense response to virus, and negative regulation of apoptotic process. LncRNA EN-90756 was significantly up-regulated in IPEC-J2 cells at different time points after CPB2 treatment. Functionally, knockdown of lncRNA EN-90756 might regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of IPEC-J2 cells by affecting the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway. LncRNA EN-90756 may be involved in CPB2 toxin-induced piglet diarrhea by regulating the expression of its target gene MX1 (encoding MX dynamin like GTPase 1). Conclusion Long non-coding RNA EN-90756 affected the antiviral ability of IPEC-J2 cells by regulating the expression of MX1. Meanwhile, lncRNA EN-90756 might regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis by affecting JAK-STAT signaling pathway activation. These findings provide novel perspectives and directions for further exploration of the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs on CPB2 toxin-induced diarrhea in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Juanli Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Longdong University, Qingyang, China
| | - Qiaoli Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zunqiang Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Jilin Rongtai Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Changchun, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Jilin Rongtai Agricultural Development Co., Ltd., Changchun, China
| | - Shuangbao Gun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China,Gansu Research Center for Swine Production Engineering and Technology, Lanzhou, China,*Correspondence: Shuangbao Gun,
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Yin H, Liu W, Ji X, Yan G, Zeng X, Zhao W, Wang Y. Study on the mechanism of Wumei San in treating piglet diarrhea using network pharmacology and molecular docking. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1138684. [PMID: 36925608 PMCID: PMC10011153 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1138684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wumei San (WMS) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely applied in the treatment of piglet diarrhea (PD). However, the mechanism of WMS in PD has not been investigated. In this study, the main active compounds of WMS and the target proteins were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology, PubChem, and SwissTargetPrediction databases. The molecular targets of PD were identified using GeneCards, OMIM, and NCBI databases. The common targets of WMS and PD were screened out and converted into UniProt gene symbols. PD-related target genes were constructed into a protein-protein interaction network, which was further analyzed by the STRING online database. Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed to construct the component-target gene-disease network. Molecular docking was then used to examine the relationship between the core compounds and proteins. As a result, a total of 32 active compounds and 638 target genes of WMS were identified, and a WMS-compound-target network was successfully constructed. Through network pharmacology analysis, 14 core compounds in WMS that showed an effect on PD were identified. The targets revealed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were associated with the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and other pathways and physiological processes. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the active compounds in WMS spontaneously bind to their targets. The results indicated that WMS may regulate the local immune response and inflammatory factors mainly through the TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and other pathways. WMS is a promising treatment strategy for PD. This study provides new insights into the potential mechanism of WMS in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Yin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Liu ✉
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoqing Yan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Xueyan Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Wu Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Guangxi Mountain Comprehensive Technology Development Center, Nanning, China
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Yang J, Zhang J, Gao X, Luo R, Xie K, Wang W, Li J, Yang Q, Huang X, Yan Z, Wang P, Gun S. FTO Regulates Apoptosis in CPB2-Treated IPEC-J2 Cells by Targeting Caspase 3 Apoptotic Protein. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12131644. [PMID: 35804542 PMCID: PMC9264887 DOI: 10.3390/ani12131644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification can accommodate mRNA processing, stability, and translation in mammals, and fat mass and obesity associated protein (FTO) is a vital demethylase in the m6A modification pathway. Clostridium perfringens type C (C. perfringens type C) causes diarrhea in piglets and has a serious impact on the pig industry. However, our understanding of the effect of m6A in the process of C. perfringens type C infectious piglet diarrhea (CPTCIPD) is limited. Here, an in vitro model of CPTCIPD was constructed by treating the intestinal porcine epithelial cell line-J2 (IPEC-J2) with Clostridium perfringens beta2 (CPB2) toxin, and the role of FTO was analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and flow cytometry. The results revealed that the overall RNA m6A contents at the tissue and cell levels were significantly up-regulated after C. perfringens infection (p < 0.05). FTO expression was significantly reduced in CPB2-treated IPEC-J2 cells. Functionally, FTO knockdown in the treated cells inhibited their proliferation and promoted apoptosis and the inflammation phenotype, whereas FTO overexpression had the opposite effects. Inhibiting FTO prolonged the half-life and up-regulated the expression of Caspase 3, leading to apoptosis. Therefore, this work explored the regulation of FTO in IPEC-J2 cells after CPB2 treatment and enhanced our understanding of the effect of the m6A modification in CPTCIPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Juanli Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Ruirui Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Kaihui Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xi’an 712100, China;
| | - Jie Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Qiaoli Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Zunqiang Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Pengfei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Shuangbao Gun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.Y.); (J.Z.); (X.G.); (R.L.); (K.X.); (J.L.); (Q.Y.); (X.H.); (Z.Y.); (P.W.)
- Gansu Research Center for Swine Production Engineering and Technology, Lanzhou 730070, China
- Correspondence:
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Yang QL, Huang XY, Zhao SG, Liu LX, Zhang SW, Huang WZ, Gun SB. Effect of swine leukocyte antigen-DQA gene variation on diarrhea in Large White, Landrace, and Duroc piglets. Anim Genet 2016; 47:691-697. [PMID: 27586652 DOI: 10.1111/age.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Piglet diarrhea is one of the most common factors that affects the benefits of the swine industry. Although recent studies have shown that exon 2 of SLA-DQA is associated with piglet resistance to diarrhea, contributions of genetic variation in the additional exon coding regions of this gene remain unclear. Here, we investigated variation in exons 1, 3 and 4 of the SLA-DQA gene and evaluated their effects on diarrheal infection in 425 suckling piglets. No variation was identified in exon 1. In exon 3, there were eight alleles detected, generated by 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and three nucleotide deletions, eight SNPs being newly identified. Four allele sequences and three SNPs were identified in exon 4, only one SNP being newly identified. Statistical analysis showed that the genotypes of exon 3 are significantly associated with piglet diarrhea; indeed, genotypes DQA*wb01/wb02 and wb04/wb05 are clearly associated with resistance to piglet diarrhea, as they have the lowest probabilities of infection (P < 0.05). However, no significant association was found between the genotypes of exon 4 and diarrhea (P > 0.05). These results provide important new information concerning the level of genetic diversity at the SLA-DQA locus and suggest that further genetic association studies of piglet diarrhea resistance should include analyses of both exons 2 and 3 of this locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q L Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - X Y Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - S G Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - L X Liu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Northwest University for Nationalities, Northwest Village No.1, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - S W Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - W Z Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - S B Gun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, No. 1 Yingmen Village, Lanzhou, 730070, China. .,Gansu Research Center for Swine Production Engineering and Technology, No. 1 Yingmen Village, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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