[Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 monitoring cases in Yinzhou district based on health big data platform]

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 monitoring cases in Yinzhou district based on health big data platform to provide evidence for the construction of COVID-19 monitoring system. Methods: Data on Yinzhou COVID-19 daily surveillance were collected. Information on patients' population classification, epidemiological history, COVID-19 nucleic acid detection rate, positive detection rate and confirmed cases monitoring detection rate were analyzed. Results: Among the 1 595 COVID-19 monitoring cases, 79.94% were community population and 20.06% were key population. The verification rate of monitoring cases was 100.00%. The total percentage of epidemiological history related to Wuhan city or Hubei province was 6.27% in total, and was 2.12% in community population and 22.81% in key population (P<0.001). The total COVID-19 nucleic acid detection rate was 18.24% (291/1 595), and 53.00% in those with epidemiological history and 15.92% in those without (P<0.001).The total positive detection rate was 1.72% (5/291) and the confirmed cases monitoring detection rate was 0.31% (5/1 595). The time interval from the first visit to the first nucleic acid detection of the confirmed monitoring cases and other confirmed cases was statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Conclusions: The monitoring system of COVID-19 based on the health big data platform was working well but the confirmed cases monitoring detection rate need to be improved.

Effect of swine leukocyte antigen-DQA gene variation on diarrhea in Large White, Landrace, and Duroc piglets

Piglet diarrhea is one of the most common factors that affects the benefits of the swine industry. Although recent studies have shown that exon 2 of SLA-DQA is associated with piglet resistance to diarrhea, contributions of genetic variation in the additional exon coding regions of this gene remain unclear. Here, we investigated variation in exons 1, 3 and 4 of the SLA-DQA gene and evaluated their effects on diarrheal infection in 425 suckling piglets. No variation was identified in exon 1. In exon 3, there were eight alleles detected, generated by 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and three nucleotide deletions, eight SNPs being newly identified. Four allele sequences and three SNPs were identified in exon 4, only one SNP being newly identified. Statistical analysis showed that the genotypes of exon 3 are significantly associated with piglet diarrhea; indeed, genotypes DQA*wb01/wb02 and wb04/wb05 are clearly associated with resistance to piglet diarrhea, as they have the lowest probabilities of infection (P < 0.05). However, no significant association was found between the genotypes of exon 4 and diarrhea (P > 0.05). These results provide important new information concerning the level of genetic diversity at the SLA-DQA locus and suggest that further genetic association studies of piglet diarrhea resistance should include analyses of both exons 2 and 3 of this locus.

Orthogonal array design in optimizing the extraction efficiency of active constituents from roots of Panax notoginseng

The root of Panax notoginseng (Radix Notoginseng, Sanqi) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, which is mainly cultivated in Wenshan of Yunnan China. The identified active constituents in Radix Notoginseng include saponin, ssavonoid and polysaccharide; however, the levels of these active constituents vary greatly with different extraction processes. This variation causes a serious problem in standardizing the herbal extract. By using HPLC and spectrophotometry, the contents of notoginsenoside R(1), ginsenoside R(g1), R(b1), R(d), and ssavonoids were determined in the extracts of Radix Notoginseng that were derived from different processes of extraction according to an orthogonal array experimental design having three variable parameters: nature of extraction solvent, extraction volume and extraction time. The nature of extraction solvent and extraction volume were two distinct factors in obtaining those active constituents, while the time of extraction was a subordinate factor. The optimized condition of extraction therefore is considered to be 20 volumes of water and extracted for 24 h. In good agreement with the amount of active constituents, the activity of anti-platelet aggregation was found to be the highest in the extract that contained a better yield of the active constituents. The current results provide an optimized extraction method for the quality control of Radix Notoginseng.

[Studies on chemical constituents of Maackia amurensis Rupr. et. Maxim]

OBJECTIVE

To study the chemical constituents of EtOH extract from heartwood of Maackia amurensis.

METHOD

Silica gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 were employed to separate, and the compounds obtainedere elucidated by means of UV, IR, MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR.

RESULT

4', 8-dihydroxyl-7-methoxylisoflavone (I), tectorigenin(II), glycitein(III) and resveratrol (IV) were isolated and identified.

CONCLUSION

Among them, Compound I was a new isoflavone and compound III was obtained from M. amurensis for the first time.

[Effect of acupoint irradiation with Q-wave millimeter microwave on peripheral white blood cells in post-operational treatment with chemotherapy in stomach and colorectal cancer patients]

OBJECTIVE

To explore the biological effect of Q-wave millimeter microwave (QWMM).

METHODS

The QWMM was used to irradiate the acupoints Xuehai (Sp10) and Geshu (B17) in treating post-operational and chemotherapy treated stomach cancer and colorectal cancer patients. The effect of irradiation on chemotherapy affected peripheral white blood cells was observed. 62 cases (stomach cancer 42, colorectal cancer 20) in total were divided into two groups: group A, 21 cases (stomach cancer 15, colorectal cancer 6) the irradiation began 10 days after operation, and on the 16th day the chemotherapy combined with irradiation started. Group B had 41 cases (stomach cancer 27, colorectal cancer 14), in which the irradiation began immediately after the occurrence of chemotherapy induced peripheral WBC reduction, which persisted for at least 12 days.

RESULTS

The effective rate for the group A and B was 85.7% (18/21) and 73.2% (30/41) respectively. The total effective rate of the two groups was 77.4% (48/62). The effective rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group B, P < 0.01.

CONCLUSION

GWMM irradiation at acupoints could promote the hematopoietic function of bone marrow, and the irradiation performed 1 week before chemotherapy yielded even better protection on bone marrow.

Properties of NAD glycohydrolase purified from five-pace snake (Agkistrodon acutus) venom

NAD glycohydrolase (NADase) (E.C. 3.2.2.5) from five-pace snake (Agkistrodon acutus) venom was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity through a 4-step isolation procedure, including column chromatography using DEAE-Sephadex A-50, Sephadex G-75, CM Sephadex C-50 and Sephadex G-100. The final product was 11.8-fold purified with a 3.9% yield. The pure enzyme showed maximal activity at about 40 degrees C with optimal pH at 7.5. It was a glycoprotein with a pI of 7.6. Its mol. wt was respectively 98,000 as measured by gel filtration and 50,000, by SDS-PAGE. There was only one N-terminal residue, proline. NADase is thus composed of two identical subunits in each molecule. The enzyme contained copper ions. NADase activity was lost when the copper enzyme complex was treated with EDTA. The Km of the enzyme for beta-NAD, NADP and beta-NGP were 0.50 mM, 0.13 mM and 0.16 mM respectively.