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Hernández Cegarra AT, Gómez-Morte T, Pellicer JA, Vela N, Rodríguez-López MI, Núñez-Delicado E, Gabaldón JA. A Comprehensive Strategy for Stepwise Design of a Lab PROTOTYPE for the Removal of Emerging Contaminants in Water Using Cyclodextrin Polymers as Adsorbent Material. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2829. [PMID: 38474076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The significant environmental issue of water pollution caused by emerging contaminants underscores the imperative for developing novel cleanup methods that are efficient, economically viable, and that are intended to operate at high capacity and under continuous flows at the industrial scale. This study shows the results of the operational design to build a prototype for the retention at lab scale of pollutant residues in water by using as adsorbent material, insoluble polymers prepared by β-cyclodextrin and epichlorohydrin as a cross-linking agent. Laboratory in-batch tests were run to find out the adsorbent performances against furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide as pollutant models. The initial evaluation concerning the dosage of adsorbent, pH levels, agitation, and concentration of pharmaceutical pollutants enabled us to identify the optimal conditions for conducting the subsequent experiments. The adsorption kinetic and the mechanisms involved were evaluated revealing that the experimental data perfectly fit the pseudo second-order model, with the adsorption process being mainly governed by chemisorption. With KF constant values of 0.044 (L/g) and 0.029 (L/g) for furosemide and hydrochlorothiazide, respectively, and the determination coefficient (R2) being higher than 0.9 for both compounds, Freundlich yielded the most favorable outcomes, suggesting that the adsorption process occurs on heterogeneous surfaces involving both chemisorption and physisorption processes. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity (qmax) obtained by the Langmuir isotherm revealed a saturation of the β-CDs-EPI polymer surface 1.45 times higher for furosemide (qmax = 1.282 mg/g) than hydrochlorothiazide (qmax = 0.844 mg/g). Based on these results, the sizing design and building of a lab-scale model were carried out, which in turn will be used later to evaluate its performance working in continuous flow in a real scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Tomás Hernández Cegarra
- Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Research Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos 135, E-30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Teresa Gómez-Morte
- Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Research Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos 135, E-30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - José Antonio Pellicer
- Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Research Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos 135, E-30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Nuria Vela
- Applied Technology Group to Environmental Health, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos 135, E-30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - María Isabel Rodríguez-López
- Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Research Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos 135, E-30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - Estrella Núñez-Delicado
- Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Research Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos 135, E-30107 Guadalupe, Spain
| | - José Antonio Gabaldón
- Molecular Recognition and Encapsulation Research Group (REM), Health Sciences Department, Universidad Católica de Murcia (UCAM), Campus de los Jerónimos 135, E-30107 Guadalupe, Spain
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Liu Y, Liu X, Zhang T, He H. Understanding Flow Fouling Deposition and Solute Hideout-Return Behavior at the Phase Change Interface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:4719-4728. [PMID: 38252811 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Nuclear energy is a competitive green energy, yet corrosion deposition and boron hideout on pressurized water reactor fuel cladding surfaces could cause localized corrosion and power shift, resulting in huge safety and economic risks. Alleviation of these problems requires the understanding of the corrosion deposition mechanism and related boron behavior. In this study, we explore corrosion product deposition in typical fuel assembly channels under subcooled boiling conditions and propose a boron hideout and return mechanism to explain the reason for the failure of the power reduction inhibiting a power shift. Porous corrosion depositions with the same morphology and thickness as the real depositions in a fuel cycle are obtained in a week via the accelerated deposition method simulating a real subcooled boiling and water chemical environment. Stronger subcooled boiling generates more bubbles, resulting in higher supersaturation of corrosion products at the gas-liquid interface. The corresponding precipitated stable crystals are smaller, and the formed deposition layer is looser and thicker with smaller particles. On the basis of the above characterizations, the effect of subcooled boiling, solute concentration, and water chemistry on the corrosion deposition mechanism is revealed. High-resolution characterization methods indicate that boron hides within the depositions mainly in the form of H3BO3 and Li2B4O7. The boron coolant concentration increases by 307.9 ppm after power reduction, confirming the return behavior of porous hidden boron. Hidden boron return behavior brings potential challenges for estimating critical conditions and plant response operations. The results of this study provide a precise method for understanding the corrosion product deposition and boron hideout-return behavior to further develop mitigation strategies for power shift and localized corrosion security issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui He
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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Rodríguez-López MI, Pellicer JA, Gómez-Morte T, Auñón D, Gómez-López VM, Yáñez-Gascón MJ, Gil-Izquierdo Á, Cerón-Carrasco JP, Crini G, Núñez-Delicado E, Gabaldón JA. Removal of an Azo Dye from Wastewater through the Use of Two Technologies: Magnetic Cyclodextrin Polymers and Pulsed Light. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 35955538 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Water pollution by dyes is a huge environmental problem; there is a necessity to produce new decolorization methods that are effective, cost-attractive, and acceptable in industrial use. Magnetic cyclodextrin polymers offer the advantage of easy separation from the dye solution. In this work, the β-CD-EPI-magnetic (β-cyclodextrin-epichlorohydrin) polymer was synthesized, characterized, and tested for removal of the azo dye Direct Red 83:1 from water, and the fraction of non-adsorbed dye was degraded by an advanced oxidation process. The polymer was characterized in terms of the particle size distribution and surface morphology (FE-SEM), elemental analysis (EA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectrophotometry (IR), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The reported results hint that 0.5 g and pH 5.0 were the best conditions to carry out both kinetic and isotherm models. A 30 min contact time was needed to reach equilibrium with a qmax of 32.0 mg/g. The results indicated that the pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models were involved in the assembly of Direct Red 83:1 onto the magnetic adsorbent. Regarding the isotherms discussed, the Freundlich model correctly reproduced the experimental data so that adsorption was confirmed to take place onto heterogeneous surfaces. The calculation of the thermodynamic parameters further demonstrates the spontaneous character of the adsorption phenomena (ΔG° = −27,556.9 J/mol) and endothermic phenomena (ΔH° = 8757.1 J/mol) at 25 °C. Furthermore, a good reusability of the polymer was evidenced after six cycles of regeneration, with a negligible decline in the adsorption extent (10%) regarding its initial capacity. Finally, the residual dye in solution after treatment with magnetic adsorbents was degraded by using an advanced oxidation process (AOP) with pulsed light and hydrogen peroxide (343 mg/L); >90% of the dye was degraded after receiving a fluence of 118 J/cm2; the discoloration followed a pseudo first-order kinetics where the degradation rate was 0.0196 cm2/J. The newly synthesized β-CD-EPI-magnetic polymer exhibited good adsorption properties and separability from water which, when complemented with a pulsed light-AOP, may offer a good alternative to remove dyes such as Direct Red 83:1 from water. It allows for the reuse of both the polymer and the dye in the dyeing process.
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Richard AJ, Chen Z, Islamoglu T, Farha OK, El-Kaderi HM. Heteroatom-Doped Porous Carbons as Effective Adsorbers for Toxic Industrial Gasses. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:33173-33180. [PMID: 35819823 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia (NH3), often stored in large quantities before being used in the production of fertilizer, and sulfur dioxide (SO2), a byproduct of fossil fuel consumption, particularly the burning of coal, are highly toxic and corrosive gases that pose a significant danger to humans if accidentally released. Therefore, developing advanced materials to enable their effective capture and safe storage is highly desired. Herein, advanced benzimidazole-derived carbons (BIDCs) with an exceptional capacity for NH3 and SO2 have been designed and tested. These heteroatom-doped porous carbon adsorbents were synthesized by thermolysis of imidazolate-potassium salts affording high surface area and controlled heteroatom content to optimize for rapid NH3 and SO2 gas uptake and release under practical conditions. According to gas uptake measurements, these nitrogen-doped carbons exhibit exceptional gas adsorption capacity, with BIDC-3-800 adsorbing 21.42 mmol/g SO2 at 298 K and 1 bar, exceeding most reported porous materials and BIDC-2-700 adsorbing 14.26 mmol/g NH3 under the same conditions. The NH3 uptake of BIDC-2-700 surpassed reported activated carbons and is among the best adsorbents including metal organic frameworks (MOFs). Our synthetic method allows for control over both textural and chemical properties of the carbon and enables heteroatom functionality to be incorporated directly into the carbon framework without the need for postsynthetic modification. These materials were also tested for recyclability; all adsorbents showed almost complete retention of their initial gas uptake capacity during recyclability studies and maintained their structural integrity and their previous adsorption capacity of both NH3 and SO2, highlighting their potential for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Richard
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Zhijie Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Timur Islamoglu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Omar K Farha
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hani M El-Kaderi
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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Kirbiyikkurukavak Ç, Büyükbekar BZ, Ersöz M. PAN-based activated carbon nanofiber/metal oxide composites for CO 2 and CH 4 adsorption: influence of metal oxide. Turk J Chem 2021; 45:914-926. [PMID: 34385876 PMCID: PMC8326473 DOI: 10.3906/kim-2012-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we successfully prepared two different electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based-activated carbon nanofiber (ACNF) composites by incorporation of well-distributed Fe2O3 and Co3O4 nanoparticles (NPs). The influence of metal oxide on the structural, morphological, and textural properties of final composites was thoroughly investigated. The results showed that the morphological and textural properties could be easily tuned by changing the metal oxide NPs. Even though, the ACNF composites were not chemically activated by any activation agent, they presented relatively high surface areas (SBET) calculated by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) equation as 212.21 and 185.12 m2/g for ACNF/Fe2O3 and ACNF/Co3O4 composites, respectively. Furthermore, the ACNF composites were utilized as candidate adsorbents for CO2 and CH4 adsorption. The ACNF/Fe2O3 and ACNF/Co3O4 composites resulted the highest CO2 adsorption capacities of 1.502 and 2.166 mmol/g at 0 °C, respectively, whereas the highest CH4 adsorption capacities were obtained to be 0.516 and 0.661 mmol/g at 0 °C by ACNF/Fe2O3 and ACNF/Co3O4 composites, respectively. The isosteric heats calculated lower than 80 kJ/mol showed that the adsorption processes of CO2 and CH4 were mainly dominated by physical adsorption for both ACNF composites. Our findings indicated that ACNF-metal oxide composites are useful materials for designing of CO2 and CH4 adsorption systems.
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Niu S, Xie X, Wang Z, Zheng L, Gao F, Miao Y. Enhanced removal performance for Congo red by coal-series kaolin with acid treatment. Environ Technol 2021; 42:1472-1481. [PMID: 31538858 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1670269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, acid treatment coal-series kaolin (AK) materials (named 2AK, 3AK, 5AK, 10AK) were synthesized by a facile method. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out using Congo red (CR) as a model dye pollutant in various experimental conditions. The samples were studied by XRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM, Zeta potential and N2 adsorption techniques. The results indicate that the acid treatment materials exhibit increased specific surface area and pore structures, and showed obvious effects on the adsorption performance of kaolin. Owing to the structural edges of kaolin receiving protons from the hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, the prepared 5AK exhibited excellent adsorption performance for Congo red (CR) anionic dye. The adsorption process followed a pseudo-second-order rate model and the Langmuir isotherm was found a better fit with a maximum adsorption capacity of 237.53 mg/g, which is very close to the experimental data. Thermodynamic studies showed Congo red adsorption on samples was exothermic and spontaneous in nature. The acid treatment coal-series kaolin shows significant potential applications in the fields of adsorption, pH-responsive delivery and other environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanxin Niu
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaokang Xie
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Wang
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linhui Zheng
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Miao
- College of Material Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
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