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Dobrochaeva K, Khasbiullina N, Shilova N, Knirel Y, Obukhova P, Nokel A, Kunetskiy R, Tsygankova S, Bello-Gil D, Costa C, Mañez R, Bovin N. Specificity profile of αGal antibodies in αGalT KO mice as probed with comprehensive printed glycan array: Comparison with human anti-Galili antibodies. Xenotransplantation 2021; 28:e12672. [PMID: 33432698 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout (GalT KO) mice are able to produce natural anti-αGal antibodies apparently without any specific immunization. GalT KO mice are commonly used as a model immunological system for studying anti-αGal responses to Gal-positive xenografts in human. In this study, we compared the specificity of mouse and human αGal antibodies to realize the adequacy of the murine model. METHODS Using hapten-specific affinity chromatography antibodies against Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ epitope were isolated from both human and GalT KO mice blood sera. Specificity of isolated antibodies was determined using a printed glycan array (PGA) containing 400 mammalian glycans and 200 bacterial polysaccharides. RESULTS The quantity of isolated specific anti-Galα antibodies corresponds to a content of <0.2% of total Ig, which is an order of magnitude lower than that generally assumed for both human and murine peripheral blood immunoglobulin, with a high predominance of IgM over IgG (95% vs 5%). Analysis using a printed glycan array has demonstrated that (a) antibodies from both species bind not only the Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ epitope, but also unrelated glycans; (b) particularly, for human (but not mouse) antibodies the best binders appear to be bacterial polysaccharides; (c) the profile of mouse antibodies is broader, it is noteworthy that they recognize a variety of human blood group B epitopes and even glycans without the α-galactosyl residue. CONCLUSIONS We believe that the mouse model should be used cautiously in xenotransplantation experiments when the fine epitope specificity of antibodies is critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Dobrochaeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nailya Khasbiullina
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Shilova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.,Semiotik LLC, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuriy Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Obukhova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Nokel
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.,Semiotik LLC, Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman Kunetskiy
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana Tsygankova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniel Bello-Gil
- Infectious Pathology and Transplantation Division, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Cristina Costa
- Infectious Pathology and Transplantation Division, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Rafael Mañez
- Infectious Pathology and Transplantation Division, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Nicolai Bovin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,School of Engineering, Computer & Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Dobrochaeva K, Khasbiullina N, Shilova N, Antipova N, Obukhova P, Galanina O, Gorbach M, Popova I, Khaidukov S, Grishchenko N, Tupitsyn N, Pendu JL, Bovin N. Human Natural Antibodies Recognizing Glycan Galβ1-3GlcNAc (Le C). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6511. [PMID: 32899593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The level of human natural antibodies of immunoglobulin M isotype against LeC in patients with breast cancer is lower than in healthy women. The epitope specificity of these antibodies has been characterized using a printed glycan array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the antibodies being isolated from donors’ blood using LeC-Sepharose (LeC is Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ). The isolated antibodies recognize the disaccharide but do not bind to glycans terminated with LeC, which implies the impossibility of binding to regular glycoproteins of non-malignant cells. The avidity (as dissociation constant value) of antibodies probed with a multivalent disaccharide is 10−9 M; the nanomolar level indicates that the concentration is sufficient for physiological binding to the cognate antigen. Testing of several breast cancer cell lines showed the strongest binding to ZR 75-1. Interestingly, only 7% of the cells were positive in a monolayer with a low density, increasing up to 96% at highest density. The enhanced interaction (instead of the expected inhibition) of antibodies with ZR 75-1 cells in the presence of Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ disaccharide, indicates that the target epitope of anti-LeC antibodies is a molecular pattern with a carbohydrate constituent rather than a glycan.
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Bello-Gil D, Audebert C, Olivera-Ardid S, Pérez-Cruz M, Even G, Khasbiullina N, Gantois N, Shilova N, Merlin S, Costa C, Bovin N, Mañez R. The Formation of Glycan-Specific Natural Antibodies Repertoire in GalT-KO Mice Is Determined by Gut Microbiota. Front Immunol 2019; 10:342. [PMID: 30891034 PMCID: PMC6411795 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut commensal bacteria are known to have a significant role in regulating the innate and adaptive immune homeostasis. Alterations in the intestinal microbial composition have been associated with several disease states, including autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. However, it is not entirely clear how commensal gut microbiota modulate and contribute to the systemic immunity, and whether circulating elements of the host immune system could regulate the microbiome. Thus, we have studied the diversity and abundance of specific taxons in the gut microbiota of inbred GalT-KO mice during 7 months of animal life by metagenetic high-throughput sequencing (16S rRNA gene, variable regions V3-V5). The repertoire of glycan-specific natural antibodies, obtained by printed glycan array technology, was then associated with the microbial diversity for each animal by metagenome-wide association studies (MWAS). Our data show that the orders clostridiales (most abundant), bacteriodales, lactobacillales, and deferribacterales may be associated with the development of the final repertoire of natural anti-glycan antibodies in GalT-KO mice. The main changes in microbiota diversity (month-2 and month-3) were related to important changes in levels and repertoire of natural anti-glycan antibodies in these mice. Additionally, significant positive and negative associations were found between the gut microbiota and the pattern of specific anti-glycan antibodies. Regarding individual features, the gut microbiota and the corresponding repertoire of natural anti-glycan antibodies showed differences among the examined animals. We also found redundancy in different taxa associated with the development of specific anti-glycan antibodies. Differences in microbial diversity did not, therefore, necessarily influence the overall functional output of the gut microbiome of GalT-KO mice. In summary, the repertoire of natural anti-carbohydrate antibodies may be partially determined by the continuous antigenic stimulation produced by the gut bacterial population of each GalT-KO mouse. Small differences in gut microbiota diversity could determine different repertoire and levels of natural anti-glycan antibodies and consequently might induce different immune responses to pathogens or other potential threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bello-Gil
- Infectious Pathology and Transplantation Division, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christophe Audebert
- Genes Diffusion, Douai, France.,PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sara Olivera-Ardid
- Infectious Pathology and Transplantation Division, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magdiel Pérez-Cruz
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gaël Even
- Genes Diffusion, Douai, France.,PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Nausicaa Gantois
- Lille University, CNRS, Inserm, Lille University Hospital, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019 -UMR 8204 -CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Nadezhda Shilova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sophie Merlin
- Genes Diffusion, Douai, France.,PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Cristina Costa
- Infectious Pathology and Transplantation Division, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolai Bovin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rafael Mañez
- Infectious Pathology and Transplantation Division, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.,Intensive Care Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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Maksim N, Nadezhda S, Nailya K, Alexey F, Elena P, Kowa C, Ola B, Nicolai B. Improved spot morphology for printed glycan arrays. Biotechniques 2018; 64:110-116. [PMID: 29570442 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2017-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable success studying glycan-binding proteins using printed glycan arrays (PGAs), unambiguous quantitation of spot intensities by fluorescent readers remains a challenge. The main obstacles are the varying spot shape and size and in-spot fluorescence distribution caused by uneven drying of the printed drops. Two methods have been suggested for solving this problem: using polymeric glycoconjugates, which makes it possible to equalize the physicochemical properties (hydrophobicity, charge, and size) of different glycans, and applying a glycan solution on a slide coated with a thin oil mask, which hinders evaporation of the drop. Both approaches yield spots with similar sizes and an even distribution of the signal across the spot and are likely to be useful for improving the prints of other classes of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navakouski Maksim
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Shilova Nadezhda
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Khasbiullina Nailya
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997, Moscow, Russia
| | - Feofanov Alexey
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997, Moscow, Russia.,Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pudova Elena
- Central Research Institute of Epidemiology, Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer rights Protection and Human Well-Being, Novogireevskaia 3a, 111123, Moscow, Russia
| | - Chen Kowa
- Department of chemistry, University of Copenhagen, t422, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Blixt Ola
- Department of chemistry, University of Copenhagen, t422, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1870, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Bovin Nicolai
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997, Moscow, Russia
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