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Certad G, Gantois N, Merlin S, Martel S, Even G, Viscogliosi E, Audebert C, Chabé M. Frequency and Molecular Identification of Cryptosporidium in Adult Prim'Holstein Dairy Cattle Farms in the North of France. Microorganisms 2024; 12:335. [PMID: 38399739 PMCID: PMC10892647 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptosporidium apicomplexan protozoa are ubiquitous intracellular agents affecting humans and animals. In particular, bovine cryptosporidiosis is recognized as endemic worldwide. However, epidemiological investigations remain limited in France regarding the burden of these parasites in cattle. To improve our understanding of the epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis, the main aim of this study was to determine the frequency and the genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium in adult Prim'Holstein dairy cattle farms in the north of France. Fecal specimens were collected from 1454 non-diarrheic and non-pregnant animals (nulli-, primi-, or multiparous) throughout 20 farms in an area of 110 km around Lille. For Cryptosporidium species identification, nested PCR followed by sequence and phylogenetic analyses were used. The overall frequency of Cryptosporidium spp. in-fection was 30.00% (C.I. 95%: 12.83-54.33) in farms and 0.89% (C.I. 95%: 0.498-1.57) at the individual level. In primi- or multiparous cows, only C. andersoni was found. C. ryanae, C. bovis/xiaoi and C. andersoni were detected in heifers. The phylogenetic tree confirmed that analyzed sequences were grouped with known reference sequences reported in dairy cattle. Further studies on the cumulative prevalence, risks factors and pathogenicity are needed to give a more accurate assessment of the impact of Cryptosporidium infection in dairy cattle in France.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Certad
- Centre National de la Rrecherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (E.V.); (M.C.)
- Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l’Innovation, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l’Institut Catholique de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nausicaa Gantois
- Centre National de la Rrecherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (E.V.); (M.C.)
| | - Sophie Merlin
- GD Biotech-Gènes Diffusion, F-59000 Lille, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (G.E.); (C.A.)
- PEGASE-Biosciences (Plateforme d’Expertises Génomiques Appliquées aux Sciences Expérimentales), Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sophie Martel
- GD Biotech-Gènes Diffusion, F-59000 Lille, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (G.E.); (C.A.)
- PEGASE-Biosciences (Plateforme d’Expertises Génomiques Appliquées aux Sciences Expérimentales), Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Gaël Even
- GD Biotech-Gènes Diffusion, F-59000 Lille, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (G.E.); (C.A.)
- PEGASE-Biosciences (Plateforme d’Expertises Génomiques Appliquées aux Sciences Expérimentales), Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Eric Viscogliosi
- Centre National de la Rrecherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (E.V.); (M.C.)
| | - Christophe Audebert
- GD Biotech-Gènes Diffusion, F-59000 Lille, France; (S.M.); (S.M.); (G.E.); (C.A.)
- PEGASE-Biosciences (Plateforme d’Expertises Génomiques Appliquées aux Sciences Expérimentales), Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Magali Chabé
- Centre National de la Rrecherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; (N.G.); (E.V.); (M.C.)
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2
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Even G, Mouray A, Vandenabeele N, Martel S, Merlin S, Lebrun-Ruer S, Chabé M, Audebert C. Bact-to-Batch: A Microbiota-Based Tool to Determine Optimal Animal Allocation in Experimental Designs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097912. [PMID: 37175619 PMCID: PMC10178137 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The basis of any animal experimentation begins with the housing of animals that should take into account the need for splitting animals into similar groups. Even if it is generally recommended to use the minimum number of animals necessary to obtain reliable and statistically significant results (3Rs rule), the allocation of animals is currently mostly based on randomness. Since variability in gut microbiota is an important confounding factor in animal experiments, the main objective of this study was to develop a new approach based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis of the gut microbiota of animals participating in an experiment, in order to correctly assign the animals across batches. For this purpose, a pilot study was performed on 20 mouse faecal samples with the aim of establishing two groups of 10 mice as similar as possible in terms of their faecal microbiota fingerprinting assuming that this approach limits future analytical bias and ensures reproducibility. The suggested approach was challenged with previously published data from a third-party study. This new method allows to embrace the unavoidable microbiota variability between animals in order to limit artefacts and to provide an additional assurance for the reproducibility of animal experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Even
- GD Biotech-Gènes Diffusion, F-59000 Lille, France
- PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59019 Lille, France
| | - Anthony Mouray
- Plateforme d'Expérimentations et de Hautes Technologies Animales, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59019 Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UAR 2014-PLBS, Université Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Vandenabeele
- Plateforme d'Expérimentations et de Hautes Technologies Animales, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59019 Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UAR 2014-PLBS, Université Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Sophie Martel
- GD Biotech-Gènes Diffusion, F-59000 Lille, France
- PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59019 Lille, France
| | - Sophie Merlin
- GD Biotech-Gènes Diffusion, F-59000 Lille, France
- PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59019 Lille, France
| | - Ségolène Lebrun-Ruer
- GD Biotech-Gènes Diffusion, F-59000 Lille, France
- PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59019 Lille, France
| | - Magali Chabé
- CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christophe Audebert
- GD Biotech-Gènes Diffusion, F-59000 Lille, France
- PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59019 Lille, France
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Bello-Gil D, Audebert C, Olivera-Ardid S, Pérez-Cruz M, Even G, Khasbiullina N, Gantois N, Shilova N, Merlin S, Costa C, Bovin N, Mañez R. The Formation of Glycan-Specific Natural Antibodies Repertoire in GalT-KO Mice Is Determined by Gut Microbiota. Front Immunol 2019; 10:342. [PMID: 30891034 PMCID: PMC6411795 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut commensal bacteria are known to have a significant role in regulating the innate and adaptive immune homeostasis. Alterations in the intestinal microbial composition have been associated with several disease states, including autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. However, it is not entirely clear how commensal gut microbiota modulate and contribute to the systemic immunity, and whether circulating elements of the host immune system could regulate the microbiome. Thus, we have studied the diversity and abundance of specific taxons in the gut microbiota of inbred GalT-KO mice during 7 months of animal life by metagenetic high-throughput sequencing (16S rRNA gene, variable regions V3-V5). The repertoire of glycan-specific natural antibodies, obtained by printed glycan array technology, was then associated with the microbial diversity for each animal by metagenome-wide association studies (MWAS). Our data show that the orders clostridiales (most abundant), bacteriodales, lactobacillales, and deferribacterales may be associated with the development of the final repertoire of natural anti-glycan antibodies in GalT-KO mice. The main changes in microbiota diversity (month-2 and month-3) were related to important changes in levels and repertoire of natural anti-glycan antibodies in these mice. Additionally, significant positive and negative associations were found between the gut microbiota and the pattern of specific anti-glycan antibodies. Regarding individual features, the gut microbiota and the corresponding repertoire of natural anti-glycan antibodies showed differences among the examined animals. We also found redundancy in different taxa associated with the development of specific anti-glycan antibodies. Differences in microbial diversity did not, therefore, necessarily influence the overall functional output of the gut microbiome of GalT-KO mice. In summary, the repertoire of natural anti-carbohydrate antibodies may be partially determined by the continuous antigenic stimulation produced by the gut bacterial population of each GalT-KO mouse. Small differences in gut microbiota diversity could determine different repertoire and levels of natural anti-glycan antibodies and consequently might induce different immune responses to pathogens or other potential threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bello-Gil
- Infectious Pathology and Transplantation Division, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christophe Audebert
- Genes Diffusion, Douai, France.,PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sara Olivera-Ardid
- Infectious Pathology and Transplantation Division, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magdiel Pérez-Cruz
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 8204-CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gaël Even
- Genes Diffusion, Douai, France.,PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Nausicaa Gantois
- Lille University, CNRS, Inserm, Lille University Hospital, Pasteur Institute of Lille, U1019 -UMR 8204 -CIIL-Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Nadezhda Shilova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sophie Merlin
- Genes Diffusion, Douai, France.,PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Cristina Costa
- Infectious Pathology and Transplantation Division, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nicolai Bovin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rafael Mañez
- Infectious Pathology and Transplantation Division, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.,Intensive Care Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
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Ebel A, Guis L, Merlin S. Infections à Chlamydia trachomatis : données épidémiologiques récentes dans un laboratoire spécialisé. Med Mal Infect 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2018.04.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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5
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Hfaiedh N, Kabiche S, Delescluse C, Balde IB, Merlin S, Carret S, de Pontual L, Fontan JE, Schlatter J. Performing a preliminary hazard analysis applied to administration of injectable drugs to infants. J Eval Clin Pract 2017; 23:875-881. [PMID: 28471070 DOI: 10.1111/jep.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Errors in hospitals during the preparation and administration of intravenous drugs to infants and children have been reported to a rate of 13% to 84%. This study aimed to investigate the potential for hazardous events that may lead to an accident for preparation and administration of drug injection in a pediatric department and to describe a reduction plan of risks. METHODS The preliminary hazard analysis (PHA) method was implemented by a multidisciplinary working group over a period of 5 months (April-August 2014) in infants aged from 28 days to 2 years. The group identified required hazard controls and follow-up actions to reduce the error risk. To analyze the results, the STATCART APR software was used. RESULTS During the analysis, 34 hazardous situations were identified, among 17 were quoted very critical and drawn 69 risk scenarios. After follow-up actions, the scenarios with unacceptable risk declined from 17.4% to 0%, and these with acceptable under control from 46.4% to 43.5%. CONCLUSION The PHA can be used as an aid in the prioritization of corrective actions and the implementation of control measures to reduce risk. The PHA is a complement of the a posteriori risk management already exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hfaiedh
- Service Pharmacie, Hôpital Jean Verdier - APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Bondy, France
| | - Sofiane Kabiche
- Service Pharmacie, Hôpital Jean Verdier - APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Bondy, France
| | - Catherine Delescluse
- Service Pédiatrie, Hôpital Jean Verdier - APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Bondy, France
| | - Issa-Bella Balde
- Service Pharmacie, Hôpital Jean Verdier - APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Bondy, France
| | - Sophie Merlin
- Service Pharmacie, Hôpital Jean Verdier - APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Bondy, France
| | - Sandra Carret
- Service Pharmacie, Hôpital Jean Verdier - APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Bondy, France
| | - Loïc de Pontual
- Service Pédiatrie, Hôpital Jean Verdier - APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Bondy, France
| | - Jean-Eudes Fontan
- Service Pharmacie, Hôpital Jean Verdier - APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris-Seine-Saint-Denis, Bondy, France
| | - Joël Schlatter
- Service Pharmacie, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades - APHP, Paris, France
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Nguyen LDN, Deschaght P, Merlin S, Loywick A, Audebert C, Van Daele S, Viscogliosi E, Vaneechoutte M, Delhaes L. Effects of Propidium Monoazide (PMA) Treatment on Mycobiome and Bacteriome Analysis of Cystic Fibrosis Airways during Exacerbation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168860. [PMID: 28030619 PMCID: PMC5193350 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Purpose Propidium monoazide (PMA)-pretreatment has increasingly been applied to remove the bias from dead or damaged cell artefacts, which could impact the microbiota analysis by high-throughput sequencing. Our study aimed to determine whether a PMA-pretreatment coupled with high-throughput sequencing analysis provides a different picture of the airway mycobiome and bacteriome. Results and Discussion We compared deep-sequencing data of mycobiota and microbiota of 15 sputum samples from 5 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with and without prior PMA-treatment of the DNA-extracts. PMA-pretreatment had no significant effect on the entire and abundant bacterial community (genera expressed as operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with a relative abundance greater than or equal to 1%), but caused a significant difference in the intermediate community (less than 1%) when analyzing the alpha biodiversity Simpson index (p = 0.03). Regarding PMA impact on the airway mycobiota evaluated for the first time here; no significant differences in alpha diversity indexes between PMA-treated and untreated samples were observed. Regarding beta diversity analysis, the intermediate communities also differed more dramatically than the total and abundant ones when studying both mycobiome and bacteriome. Our results showed that only the intermediate (or low abundance) population diversity is impacted by PMA-treatment, and therefore that abundant taxa are mostly viable during acute exacerbation in CF. Given such a cumbersome protocol (PMA-pretreatment coupled with high-throughput sequencing), we discuss its potential interest within the follow-up of CF patients. Further studies using PMA-pretreatment are warranted to improve our “omic” knowledge of the CF airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linh Do Ngoc Nguyen
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), INSERM U1019, CNRS UMR 8204, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Pieter Deschaght
- Laboratory for Bacteriology Research, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sophie Merlin
- GenesDiffusion, Douai, France
- PEGASE, Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Alexandre Loywick
- GenesDiffusion, Douai, France
- PEGASE, Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Christophe Audebert
- GenesDiffusion, Douai, France
- PEGASE, Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sabine Van Daele
- Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eric Viscogliosi
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), INSERM U1019, CNRS UMR 8204, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mario Vaneechoutte
- Laboratory for Bacteriology Research, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurence Delhaes
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), INSERM U1019, CNRS UMR 8204, University of Lille, Lille, France
- Parasitology-Medical Mycology Department, Regional Hospital Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lille, France
- * E-mail:
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Ebel A, Bali C, Guis L, Merlin S. Performance evaluation of the Aptima® HIV-1 Quant Dx and Aptima® HBV Quant assays on the fully automated Panther in comparison to COBAS® AmpliPrep/COBAS® TaqMan® HIV-1 and HBV tests. J Clin Virol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2016.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Audebert C, Even G, Cian A, Loywick A, Merlin S, Viscogliosi E, Chabé M. Colonization with the enteric protozoa Blastocystis is associated with increased diversity of human gut bacterial microbiota. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25255. [PMID: 27147260 PMCID: PMC4857090 DOI: 10.1038/srep25255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the composition of commensal bacterial populations, a phenomenon known as dysbiosis, are linked to multiple gastrointestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome, or to infections by diverse enteric pathogens. Blastocystis is one of the most common single-celled eukaryotes detected in human faecal samples. However, the clinical significance of this widespread colonization remains unclear, and its pathogenic potential is controversial. To address the issue of Blastocystis pathogenicity, we investigated the impact of colonization by this protist on the composition of the human gut microbiota. For that purpose, we conducted a cross-sectional study including 48 Blastocystis-colonized patients and 48 Blastocystis-free subjects and performed an Ion Torrent 16S rDNA gene sequencing to decipher the Blastocystis-associated gut microbiota. Here, we report a higher bacterial diversity in faecal microbiota of Blastocystis colonized patients, a higher abundance of Clostridia as well as a lower abundance of Enterobacteriaceae. Our results contribute to suggesting that Blastocystis colonization is usually associated with a healthy gut microbiota, rather than with gut dysbiosis generally observed in metabolic or infectious inflammatory diseases of the lower gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Audebert
- GENES DIFFUSION, Douai, France.,PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Gaël Even
- GENES DIFFUSION, Douai, France.,PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Amandine Cian
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Alexandre Loywick
- GENES DIFFUSION, Douai, France.,PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Merlin
- GENES DIFFUSION, Douai, France.,PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Eric Viscogliosi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Magali Chabé
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
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Mokhtari C, Ebel A, Reinhardt B, Merlin S, Proust S, Roque-Afonso AM. Charaterization of samples with HCV genotype 1 with no subtype results by Abbott RealTime HCV Genotype II assay using an additional real-time test. J Clin Virol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2015.07.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Ngoc Linh Nguyen D, Deschaght P, Merlin S, Loywick A, Audebert C, Viscogliosi E, Vaneechoutte M, Delhaes L. Intérêt d’un prétraitement par PMA dans l’analyse du microbiote pro- et eucaryotique pulmonaire. J Mycol Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2015.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Nguyen L, Deschaght P, Merlin S, Loywick A, Audebert C, Viscogliosi E, Vaneechoutte M, Delhaes L. 49 Propidium monoazide (PMA) sample pretreatment impacts the abundance of rare populations in high-throughput sequencing analysis of CF lung mycobiome and bacteriome. J Cyst Fibros 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(15)30226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Seesao Y, Audebert C, Verrez-Bagnis V, Merlin S, Jérôme M, Viscogliosi E, Dei-Cas E, Aliouat-Denis CM, Gay M. Monitoring of four DNA extraction methods upstream of high-throughput sequencing of Anisakidae nematodes. J Microbiol Methods 2014; 102:69-72. [PMID: 24845469 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Different methods were evaluated to extract DNA from pooled nematodes belonging to Anisakis, Contracaecum, Pseudoterranova and Hysterothylacium genera isolated from edible fish. Pooled DNA extraction is the first and compulsory step to allow the identification of a large number of samples through high-throughput DNA sequencing with drastic time and cost reductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Seesao
- ANSES, Lab. Sécurité des Aliments, Dept Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-mer, France; Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents, Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, Inserm U1019, Univ. Lille Nord de France, France
| | - C Audebert
- Gènes Diffusion, Douai, France; PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France
| | | | - S Merlin
- Gènes Diffusion, Douai, France; PEGASE-Biosciences, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France
| | | | - E Viscogliosi
- Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents, Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, Inserm U1019, Univ. Lille Nord de France, France
| | - E Dei-Cas
- Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents, Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, Inserm U1019, Univ. Lille Nord de France, France
| | - C M Aliouat-Denis
- Biologie et Diversité des Pathogènes Eucaryotes Emergents, Institut Pasteur de Lille (IPL), Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (CIIL), UMR CNRS 8204, Inserm U1019, Univ. Lille Nord de France, France.
| | - M Gay
- ANSES, Lab. Sécurité des Aliments, Dept Produits de la Pêche et de l'Aquaculture, Boulogne-sur-mer, France
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Dautigny M, Ebel A, Merlin S, Souchet A, Ronsin C. P3.092 Prevalence of Trichomonas Vaginalisin France and Comparison with Chlamydia Trachomatisand Neisseria Gonorrhoeaeas Determined by the APTIMA Trichomonas Vaginalis Nucleic Acid Amplification Assay. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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14
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Lee SC, Ibdah R, Van Valkenburgh C, Rowold E, Abegg A, Donnelly A, Klover J, Merlin S, McKearn JP. Phage display mutagenesis of the chimeric dual cytokine receptor agonist myelopoietin. Leukemia 2001; 15:1277-85. [PMID: 11480572 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Myelopoietins comprise a class of chimeric cytokine receptor agonists consisting of an hIL-3 (human interleukin-3) receptor agonist and an hG-CSF (human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) receptor agonist linked head-to-tail at their respective carboxy and amino termini. The combination of an early acting cytokine (hIL-3) with a late acting one (hG-CSF) allows efficient hematopoeitic reconstruction following myeloablative insult, and drives differentiation of non-myelocytic lineages (ie thrombocytic lineages) that are inaccessible using hG-CSF alone, in both preclinical models and clinical settings. A myelopoietin species was displayed and mutagenized on filamentous bacteriophage: both component agonists of myelopoietin were presented in biologically functional conformations as each recognized its corresponding receptor. Five amino acid positions in a short region of the hG-CSF receptor agonist module of myelopoietin that had been identified as important for proliferative activity were mutagenized. Display was used because it allows very 'deep' mutagenesis at selected residues: >10(5) substitution variants were affinity-screened using the hG-CSF receptor and 130 new, active variants of myelopoietin were identified and characterized. None of the selected variants were significantly more active than the parental myelopoietin species in a hG-CSF-dependent cell proliferation assay, though many were as active. Many of these relatively high-activity variants contained parental amino acids at several positions, suggesting the parental sequence may already be optimal at these positions for the assays used, and potentially accounting for the failure to identify enhanced bioactivity variants. Analysis of substitutions of high-activity variants complements and extends previous alanine scanning, and other genetic and biochemical data for hG-CSF variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Lee
- GD Searle Pharmacia Company, St Louis, MO 63196, USA
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15
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Köchli C, Wendland T, Frutig K, Grunow R, Merlin S, Pichler WJ. CD80 and CD86 costimulatory molecules on circulating T cells of HIV infected individuals. Immunol Lett 1999; 65:197-201. [PMID: 10065743 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(98)00107-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The expression of CD80 and CD86 costimulatory molecules, typical for antigen presenting cells (APC), was measured on circulating T cells of 20 HIV-infected individuals and of 11 HIV-negative healthy controls. The CD80 and CD86 molecules were present on both circulating T subsets of HIV-infected individuals (mean of CD80 expression within CD4+ T cells [CD80/CD4]: 5.0%; and CD86/CD4: 2.6%; CD80/CD8 4.1% and CD86/CD8: 2.7%) and were associated with HLA-DR expression. Some CD80 and CD86 expression was also found in normal controls, and only the expression of CD86 was significantly (P < 0.05) increased on CD4 + and CD8 + T cells of HIV-infected individuals. The expression of CD28 was decreased on T cells of HIV-infected individuals and was negatively correlated to the expression of HLA-DR and CD86 (mean CD28 within CD3+T cells: HIV+ 29.5%, HIV - 67.6%; correlation coefficient, - 0.75 and - 0.71, respectively). The more the disease proceeds, the less CD28 and the more DR and CD86 are found on circulating T cells. This suggests that during HIV infection T cells themselves develop an antigen presenting phenotype by upregulating expression of HLA-DR, CD86 and CD80 molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Köchli
- Institute of Immunology and Allergology, Inselspital Bern, Switzerland
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16
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Merlin S, Rowold E, Abegg A, Berglund C, Klover J, Staten N, McKearn JP, Lee SC. Phage presentation and affinity selection of a deletion mutant of human interleukin-3. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1997; 67:199-214. [PMID: 9332969 DOI: 10.1007/bf02788798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A deletion derivative of the cytokine human interleukin-3 (hIL-3(15-125), comprising amino acids 15-125 of the native protein) was produced as a fusion to the filamentous phage surface protein pIII. The cytokine was detected in association with phage particles by protein immunoblotting. Compared to an equivalent quantity of soluble-cytokine, phage-presented hIL-3(15-125) exhibited reduced biological activity in a hIL-3-dependent cell proliferation assay. The reduction in activity was attributable to presence of phage particles in the assay, rather than directly owing to physical incorporation of the cytokine into the phage particle. Owing to the position of the amber codon in the phagemid vector, the phagemid-produced free hIL-3(15-125) species (designated hIL-3(15-125) epsilon) had 20 amino acids appended to its C-terminus; hIL-3(15-125) epsilon did not exhibit reduced bioactivity. hIL-3(15-125)-presenting phage were affinity-selected with either a hIL-3-reactive polyclonal antibody or with cells expressing the heterodimeric hIL-3 receptor. These data are consistent with the use of phage-display technology for the affinity selection of hIL-3 variants with modified biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Merlin
- Searle Research and Development, Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO 63198, USA
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17
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Abstract
Two quantitative models of plasmid ColE1 copy number control are compared with respect to mathematical logic of derivation and application to experimental observations. Explanatory background material and clarifications are supplied for selected aspects of each model. Contrasting features are emphasized and experiments are suggested to distinguish between predictions of the models.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Merlin
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47401, USA
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Croize J, Gialanella P, Monnet D, Okada J, Orsi A, Voss A, Merlin S. Improved identification of Staphylococcus aureus using a new agglutination test. Results of an international study. APMIS 1993; 101:487-91. [PMID: 8363825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A new reagent for the identification of Staphylococcus aureus, SLIDEX STAPH-KIT, operates on the principle of a latex and red blood cell combination agglutination: red blood cells are coated with fibrinogen for the detection of clumping factor, and latex particles are sensitized with anti-S. aureus serotype 18 monoclonal antibody for the detection of protein A and antigen 18. French strains belonging to serotype 18 are methicillin-resistant. The performance of this reagent was compared with STAPHYSLIDE and STAPHAUREX in Europe (France, Germany, Italy), in the United States and in Japan using 548 methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains, 392 methicillin-sensitive S. aureus strains, and 441 non-aureus staphylococci. The specificity of the three reagents was equivalent (98.8% for SLIDEX STAPH-KIT, 99.1% for STAPHYSLIDE, 98.1% for STAPHAUREX). SLIDEX STAPH-KIT (97.3%) was more sensitive than STAPHYSLIDE (93.5%) and STAPHAUREX (89.7%) for all S. aureus strains due to a higher rate of identified methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Croize
- Department of Microbiology, Michallon Hospital, Grenoble, France
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Abstract
The replication regulatory mechanisms by which the small, multicopy plasmid ColE1 maintains a constant steady-state copy number have been extensively characterized by a combination of in vivo genetics and in vitro biochemistry. We have extended the analysis of replication control into the "establishment" phase of replication, when ColE1-directed replicons replicate more than once per cell generation and the intracellular concentrations of plasmid-encoded replication regulatory elements are changing. To study establishment phase replication, in which plasmid-directed replicons amplify from an initially low concentration to the characteristic, steady-state concentration, bacteriophage-plasmid hybrids, termed phasmids, were constructed. Phasmids were shown to exhibit stability, segregation, and incompatibility properties similar to those of the parent plasmid. Establishment phase replication was analyzed by measuring the number of phasmids per cell as a function of time after infection. We observed a linear increase in phasmid concentration until the steady-state concentration characteristic of the ColE1 plasmid component of the hybrid was reached. The number of cell doublings required for the phasmid concentration to reach steady-state was inversely related to cell growth rate. The observed amplification kinetics imply that the frequency of replication initiation per phasmid continually decreases until steady-state is reached. Kinetics of establishment phase amplification were sensitive to rate of expression of RNA II. A phasmid containing an up mutation in the RNA II promoter amplified at a 15-fold faster rate than the wild-type phasmid. Concentration of the ColE1 replication negative regulator (RNA I) was proportional to phasmid concentration throughout the amplification phase. These results suggest that the same elements that regulate steady-state replication also control establishment phase replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Merlin
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405
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20
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Abstract
Plasmid ColE1 has three recognition sites for the Escherichia coli DNA adenine methylase in the immediate upstream region of the primer promoter. Two of these sites are conserved among all plasmid relatives of ColE1 and constitute parts of an inverted repeat that can conceivably form a cruciform structure. Recent experiments have indicated that hemimethylated ColE1-type plasmids are inefficiently replicated after transformation (D. W. Russell and N. Zinder, Cell 50:1071-1079, 1987). By mutating the three methylation sites, we found that disruption of all three GATC sites was necessary for complete relief of the hemimethylation-mediated inhibition of replication in vivo. We also found that these three methylation sites acted in a position-specific manner. The putative cruciform, if present, did not play a regulatory role in the hemimethylation-mediated inhibition of replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Patnaik
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405
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Merlin S, Poncet F, Alacoque B, Guinet R, André J. Treponemal antigens detected by immunoblotting with serum and CSF antibodies of neurosyphilitic patients. Ann Inst Pasteur Microbiol 1987; 138:709-17. [PMID: 3331295 DOI: 10.1016/0769-2609(87)90148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Treponemal-antigen-eliciting antibodies in neurosyphilis were investigated by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis immunoblotting with 17 sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (16 pairs) from 10 neurosyphilitic patients. Sera and CSF detected identical proteins. IgG antibodies in sera and CSF mainly revealed Treponema pallidum proteins of MW 48, 45, 38 and 37 Kd, and T. phagedenis proteins of MW 59, 54, 41, 40, 35 and 33 Kd. Few proteins were detected by IgM antibodies. Although no particular protein elicited antibodies specific for neurosyphilis, the immunoblot detection of antibodies to T. pallidum or T. phagedenis antigens in CSF or sera should be useful as a diagnostic tool for neurosyphilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Merlin
- Service de Sérologie Nelson, Institut Pasteur, Lyon, France
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Merlin S, Andre J, Alacoque B, Paris-Hamelin A. Importance of specific IgM antibodies in 116 patients with various stages of syphilis. Genitourin Med 1985; 61:82-7. [PMID: 3884486 PMCID: PMC1011772 DOI: 10.1136/sti.61.2.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We tested 222 serum samples obtained from 51 patients presenting with syphilis, before and after treatment; 117 from 65 patients with a history of syphilis (114) or yaws (3); 77 from 71 patients with no evidence of syphilis; and 1117 serologically negative serum samples. Our tests included the IgM fluorescent treponemal antibody absorbed (IgM-FTA-ABS) and solid phase haemadsorption assay (SPHA) techniques. According to the stage of development of syphilis, IgM antibodies were found in 83-100% of the serum samples. This permitted a precise diagnosis to be made and cure assessed. As IgM antibodies were absent in serum from patients with healed syphilis, resolved syphilis could be distinguished from developing syphilis. The sensitivity (92%) of the IgM-FTA-ABS test was comparable with that of the SPHA (96%), but the SPHA was more specific (97.4%) than the IgM-FTA-ABS test (89.61%).
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Merlin S, André J, Alacoque B. [Diagnosis of syphilis. Value of the determination of specific immunoglobulins M by solid-phase hemadsorption]. Presse Med 1984; 13:2269. [PMID: 6239180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Kaliner M, Dyer J, Merlin S, Shelton A, Greenhill A, Treadwell G, McKenna W, Lieberman P. Increased urine histamine and contrast media reactions. Invest Radiol 1984; 19:116-8. [PMID: 6533100 DOI: 10.1097/00004424-198403000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Urine samples were collected from 200 subjects undergoing intravenous pyelography. The urine histamine levels were compared with those of 132 normal control subjects, 11 subjects with systemic mastocytosis, six subjects with idiopathic anaphylaxis, and ten subjects experiencing mild anaphylactic reactions during allergy immunotherapy. Compared with normal controls, as a group, all subjects receiving intravenous contrast media had increased urine histamine (P less than 0.05 by Student's t-test) while those subjects experiencing adverse reactions had considerably larger increases. The urine histamine levels in the subjects experiencing systemic reactions were in the same range as those observed in patients having mild anaphylactic reactions to immunotherapy and somewhat lower than those found in idiopathic anaphylaxis or systemic mastocytosis. These data suggest that some histamine release accompanies infusions of contrast media in all subjects and that larger amounts of histamine release are associated with adverse reactions.
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Warren K, Dyer J, Merlin S, Kaliner M. Measurement of urinary histamine: comparison of fluorometric and radioisotopic-enzymatic assay procedures. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1983; 71:206-11. [PMID: 6401774 DOI: 10.1016/0091-6749(83)90101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of urinary histamine may prove useful in determining the role of histamine in human health and disease. Urinary histamine may be accurately estimated by a modified fluorometric assay employing diamine oxidase (DAO) digestion and cation-exchange chromatography. Normal urine histamine values obtained by this assay are: arithmetic means (+/- SEM), 8.6 +/- 0.6 ng/ml and 10.5 +/- 0.7 micrograms/24 hr; geometric means (+/- SEM), 6.2 +/- 1.1 ng/ml and 10.0 +/- 1.3 micrograms/24 hr. However, the radioisotopic-enzymatic assay is less expensive, easier to perform, and possibly more sensitive. Therefore the two procedures were compared. The radioenzyme assay was found to be affected by factors in urine (possibly salt concentrations) requiring extraction of histamine from urine by butanol-heptane. Moreover, it was found to be necessary to compare DAO-digested samples with undigested samples to accurately estimate histamine levels and to run the standard curve of histamine in DAO-digested urine. Even with these modifications, the radioenzyme assay was not as accurate as the fluorometric assay for urine samples having histamine values about 60 ng/ml. Therefore we recommend utilization of the modified fluorometric assay for the measurement of urinary histamine levels.
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Dyer J, Warren K, Merlin S, Metcalfe DD, Kaliner M. Measurement of plasma histamine: description of an improved method and normal values. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1982; 70:82-7. [PMID: 7096824 DOI: 10.1016/0091-6749(82)90233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The single isotopic-enzymatic assay of histamine was modified to increase its sensitivity and to facilitate measurement of plasma histamine levels. The modification involved extracting 3H-1-methylhistamine (generated by the enzyme N-methyltransferase acting on histamine in the presence of S-[methyl-3H]-adenosyl-L-methionine) into chloroform and isolating the 3H-1-methylhistamine by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The TLC was developed in acetone:ammonium hydroxide (95:10), and the methylhistamine spot (Rf = 0.50) was identified with an o-phthalaldehyde spray, scraped from the plate, and assayed in a scintillation counter. The assay in plasma demonstrated a linear relationship from 200 to 5000 pg histamine/ml. Plasma always had higher readings than buffer, and dialysis of plasma returned these values to the same level as buffer, suggesting that the baseline elevations might be attributable to histamine. However, all histamine standard curves were run in dialyzed plasma to negate any additional influences plasma might exert on the assay. The arithmetic mean (+/- SEM) in normal plasma histamine was 318.4 +/- 25 pg/ml (n = 51), and the geometric mean was 280 +/- 35 pg/ml. Plasma histamine was significantly elevated by infusion of histamine at 0.05 to 1.0 micrograms/kg/min or by cold immersion of the hand of a cold-urticaria patient. Therefore this modified isotopic-enzymatic assay of histamine is extremely sensitive, capable of measuring fluctuations in plasma histamine levels within the normal range, and potentially useful in analysis of the role histamine plays in human physiology.
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