Ye F, Chen S, Liu X, Ye X, Wang K, Zeng Z, Su Y, Zhang X, Zhou H. 3-Cl-AHPC inhibits
pro-HGF maturation by inducing matriptase/HAI-1 complex formation.
J Cell Mol Med 2019;
23:155-166. [PMID:
30370662 PMCID:
PMC6307790 DOI:
10.1111/jcmm.13900]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Matriptase is an epithelia-specific membrane-anchored serine protease, and its dysregulation is highly related to the progression of a variety of cancers. Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (HAI-1) inhibits matriptase activity through forming complex with activated matriptase. The balance of matriptase activation and matriptase/HAI-1 complex formation determines the intensity and duration of matriptase activity. 3-Cl-AHPC, 4-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-3-chlorocinnamic acid, is an adamantly substituted retinoid-related molecule and a ligand of retinoic acid receptor γ (RARγ). 3-Cl-AHPC is of strong anti-cancer effect but with elusive mechanisms. In our current study, we show that 3-Cl-AHPC time- and dose- dependently induces matriptase/HAI-1 complex formation, leading to the suppression of activated matriptase in cancer cells and tissues. Furthermore, 3-Cl-AHPC promotes matriptase shedding but without increasing the activity of shed matriptase. Moreover, 3-Cl-AHPC inhibits matriptase-mediated cleavage of pro-HGF through matriptase/HAI-1 complex induction, resulting in the suppression of pro-HGF-stimulated signalling and cell scattering. Although 3-Cl-AHPC binds to RARγ, its induction of matriptase/HAI-1 complex is not RARγ dependent. Together, our data demonstrates that 3-Cl-AHPC down-regulates matriptase activity through induction of matriptase/HAI-1 complex formation in a RARγ-independent manner, providing a mechanism of 3-Cl-AHPC anti-cancer activity and a new strategy to inhibit abnormal matriptase activity via matriptase/HAI-1 complex induction using small molecules.
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