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Ye F, Yuan Z, Tang Y, Li J, Liu X, Sun X, Chen S, Ye X, Zeng Z, Zhang XK, Zhou H. Endocytic activation and exosomal secretion of matriptase stimulate the second wave of EGF signaling to promote skin and breast cancer invasion. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114002. [PMID: 38547126 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of matriptase, a membrane-anchored protease, is highly related to the progression of skin and breast cancers. Epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced matriptase activation and cancer invasion are known but with obscure mechanisms. Here, we demonstrate a vesicular-trafficking-mediated interplay between matriptase and EGF signaling in cancer promotion. We found that EGF induces matriptase to undergo endocytosis together with the EGF receptor, followed by acid-induced activation in endosomes. Activated matriptase is then secreted extracellularly on exosomes to catalyze hepatocyte growth factor precursor (pro-HGF) cleavage, resulting in autocrine HGF/c-Met signaling. Matriptase-induced HGF/c-Met signaling represents the second signal wave of EGF, which promotes cancer cell scattering, migration, and invasion. These findings demonstrate a role of vesicular trafficking in efficient activation and secretion of membrane matriptase and a reciprocal regulation of matriptase and EGF signaling in cancer promotion, providing insights into the physiological functions of vesicular trafficking and the molecular pathological mechanisms of skin and breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhikang Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Ying Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jiamei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xingxing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xuedi Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiaohong Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; High Throughput Drug Screening Platform, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; High Throughput Drug Screening Platform, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xiao-Kun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; High Throughput Drug Screening Platform, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; High Throughput Drug Screening Platform, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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Colombo É, Désilets A, Hassanzadeh M, Lemieux G, Marois I, Cliche D, Delbrouck JA, Murza A, Jean F, Marsault E, Richter MV, Leduc R, Boudreault PL. Optimization of Ketobenzothiazole-Based Type II Transmembrane Serine Protease Inhibitors to Block H1N1 Influenza Virus Replication. ChemMedChem 2024; 19:e202300458. [PMID: 37864572 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Human influenza viruses cause acute respiratory symptoms that can lead to death. Due to the emergence of antiviral drug-resistant strains, there is an urgent requirement for novel antiviral agents and innovative therapeutic strategies. Using the peptidomimetic ketobenzothiazole protease inhibitor RQAR-Kbt (IN-1, aka N-0100) as a starting point, we report how substituting P2 and P4 positions with natural and unnatural amino acids can modulate the inhibition potency toward matriptase, a prototypical type II transmembrane serine protease (TTSP) that acts as a priming protease for influenza viruses. We also introduced modifications of the peptidomimetics N-terminal groups, leading to significant improvements (from μM to nM, 60 times more potent than IN-1) in their ability to inhibit the replication of influenza H1N1 virus in the Calu-3 cell line derived from human lungs. The selectivity towards other proteases has been evaluated and explained using molecular modeling with a crystal structure recently obtained by our group. By targeting host cell TTSPs as a therapeutic approach, it may be possible to overcome the high mutational rate of influenza viruses and consequently prevent potential drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éloïc Colombo
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Antoine Désilets
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Malihe Hassanzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Gabriel Lemieux
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Marois
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4 Québec, Canada
- Current address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 2R1 Québec, Canada
| | - Dominic Cliche
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4 Québec, Canada
| | - Julien A Delbrouck
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
- Current address: Xenon Pharmaceuticals Inc., Burnaby, V5G 4W8, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alexandre Murza
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - François Jean
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Eric Marsault
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin V Richter
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4 Québec, Canada
| | - Richard Leduc
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre-Luc Boudreault
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, and Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
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3
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Schoenfeld K, Harwardt J, Habermann J, Elter A, Kolmar H. Conditional activation of an anti-IgM antibody-drug conjugate for precise B cell lymphoma targeting. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1258700. [PMID: 37841262 PMCID: PMC10569071 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1258700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancerous B cells are almost indistinguishable from their non-malignant counterparts regarding their surface antigen expression. Accordingly, the challenge to be faced consists in elimination of the malignant B cell population while maintaining a functional adaptive immune system. Here, we present an IgM-specific antibody-drug conjugate masked by fusion of the epitope-bearing IgM constant domain. Antibody masking impaired interaction with soluble pentameric as well as cell surface-expressed IgM molecules rendering the antibody cytotoxically inactive. Binding capacity of the anti-IgM antibody drug conjugate was restored upon conditional protease-mediated demasking which consequently enabled target-dependent antibody internalization and subsequent induction of apoptosis in malignant B cells. This easily adaptable approach potentially provides a novel mechanism of clonal B cell lymphoma eradication to the arsenal available for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schoenfeld
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Julia Harwardt
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jan Habermann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Adrian Elter
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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4
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Chen LM, Chai KX. Exosome-Mediated Activation of the Prostasin- Matriptase Serine Protease Cascade in B Lymphoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3848. [PMID: 37568664 PMCID: PMC10417574 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostasin and matriptase are extracellular membrane serine proteases with opposing effects in solid epithelial tumors. Matriptase is an oncoprotein that promotes tumor initiation and progression, and prostasin is a tumor suppressor that reduces tumor invasion and metastasis. Previous studies have shown that a subgroup of Burkitt lymphoma have high levels of ectopic matriptase expression but no prostasin. Reducing the matriptase level via small interfering RNAs in B lymphoma cells impeded tumor xenograft growth in mice. Here, we report a novel approach to matriptase regulation in B cancer cells by prostasin via exosomes to initiate a prostasin-matriptase protease activation cascade. The activation and shedding of matriptase were monitored by measuring its quantity and trypsin-like serine protease activity in conditioned media. Sustained activation of the protease cascade in the cells was achieved by the stable expression of prostasin. The B cancer cells with prostasin expression presented phenotypes consistent with its tumor suppressor role, such as reduced growth and increased apoptosis. Prostasin exosomes could be developed as an agent to initiate the prostasin-matriptase cascade for treating B lymphoma with further studies in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Mei Chen
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Karl X. Chai
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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Koistinen H, Kovanen RM, Hollenberg MD, Dufour A, Radisky ES, Stenman UH, Batra J, Clements J, Hooper JD, Diamandis E, Schilling O, Rannikko A, Mirtti T. The roles of proteases in prostate cancer. IUBMB Life 2023; 75:493-513. [PMID: 36598826 PMCID: PMC10159896 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Since the proposition of the pro-invasive activity of proteolytic enzymes over 70 years ago, several roles for proteases in cancer progression have been established. About half of the 473 active human proteases are expressed in the prostate and many of the most well-characterized members of this enzyme family are regulated by androgens, hormones essential for development of prostate cancer. Most notably, several kallikrein-related peptidases, including KLK3 (prostate-specific antigen, PSA), the most well-known prostate cancer marker, and type II transmembrane serine proteases, such as TMPRSS2 and matriptase, have been extensively studied and found to promote prostate cancer progression. Recent findings also suggest a critical role for proteases in the development of advanced and aggressive castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Perhaps the most intriguing evidence for this role comes from studies showing that the protease-activated transmembrane proteins, Notch and CDCP1, are associated with the development of CRPC. Here, we review the roles of proteases in prostate cancer, with a special focus on their regulation by androgens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannu Koistinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ruusu-Maaria Kovanen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, HUS Diagnostic Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Morley D Hollenberg
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology and Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology and Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Evette S Radisky
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Ulf-Håkan Stenman
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Judith Clements
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Eleftherios Diamandis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Surgical Pathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antti Rannikko
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Urology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomas Mirtti
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pathology, HUS Diagnostic Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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6
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Steiro I, Vandsemb EN, Elsaadi S, Misund K, Sponaas AM, Børset M, Abdollahi P, Slørdahl TS. The serine protease matriptase inhibits migration and proliferation in multiple myeloma cells. Oncotarget 2022; 13:1175-86. [PMID: 36268559 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable malignancy of plasma cells. The serine protease matriptase is frequently dysregulated in human carcinomas, which facilitates tumor progression and metastatic dissemination. The importance of matriptase in hematological malignancies is yet to be clarified. In this study, we aimed to characterize the role of matriptase in MM. MATERIALS AND METHODS mRNA expression of matriptase and its inhibitors hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor (HAI)-1 and HAI-2 was studied in primary MM cells from patient samples and human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs). We further investigated the effect of matriptase on migration and proliferation of myeloma cells in vitro. By use of the CoMMpass database, we assessed the clinical relevance of matriptase in MM patients. RESULTS Matriptase was expressed in 96% of patient samples and all HMCLs tested. Overexpression of matriptase in vitro reduced proliferation, and significantly decreased cytokine-induced migration. Conversely, matriptase knockdown significantly enhanced migration. Mechanistically, overexpression of matriptase inhibited activation of Src kinase. CONCLUSIONS Our findings may suggest a novel role of matriptase as a tumor suppressor in MM pathogenesis.
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Izumi A, Yamamoto K, Kawaguchi M, Yamashita F, Fukushima T, Kiwaki T, Tanaka H, Yamashita Y, Kataoka H. Insufficiency of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 confers lymphatic invasion of tongue carcinoma cells. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2179-2193. [PMID: 35332604 PMCID: PMC9207362 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) activator inhibitor type‐1 (HAI‐1), encoded by the SPINT1 gene, is a transmembrane protease inhibitor that regulates membrane‐anchored serine proteases, particularly matriptase. Here, we explored the role of HAI‐1 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cells. An immunohistochemical study of HAI‐1 in surgically resected TSCC revealed the cell surface immunoreactivity of HAI‐1 in the main portion of the tumor. The immunoreactivity decreased in the infiltrative front, and this decrease correlated with enhanced lymphatic invasion as judged by podoplanin immunostaining. In vitro homozygous deletion of SPINT1 (HAI‐1KO) in TSCC cell lines (HSC3 and SAS) suppressed the cell growth rate but significantly enhanced invasion in vitro. The loss of HAI‐1 resulted in enhanced pericellular activities of proteases, such as matriptase and urokinase‐type plasminogen activator, which induced activation of HGF/MET signaling in the co‐culture with pro‐HGF‐expressing fibroblasts and plasminogen‐dependent plasmin generation, respectively. The enhanced plasminogen‐dependent plasmin generation was abrogated partly by matriptase silencing. Culture supernatants of HAI‐1KO cells had enhanced potency for converting the proform of vascular endothelial growth factor‐C (VEGF‐C), a lymphangiogenesis factor, into the mature form in a plasminogen‐dependent manner. Furthermore, HGF significantly stimulated VEGF‐C expression in TSCC cells. Orthotopic xenotransplantation into nude mouse tongue revealed enhanced lymphatic invasion of HAI‐1KO TSCC cells compared to control cells. Our results suggest that HAI‐1 insufficiency leads to dysregulated pericellular protease activity, which eventually orchestrates robust activation of protease‐dependent growth factors, such as HGF and VEGF‐C, in a tumor microenvironment to contribute to TSCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Izumi
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Koji Yamamoto
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Makiko Kawaguchi
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Fumiki Yamashita
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Fukushima
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takumi Kiwaki
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yamashita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kataoka
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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Kim JM, Park J, Noh EM, Song HK, Kang SY, Jung SH, Kim JS, Youn HJ, Lee YR. Downregulation of matriptase suppresses the PAR‑2/PLCγ2/PKC‑mediated invasion and migration abilities of MCF‑7 breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2021; 46:247. [PMID: 34608498 PMCID: PMC8524316 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Matriptases, members of the type II transmembrane serine protease family, are cell surface proteolytic enzymes that mediate tumor invasion and metastasis. Matriptase is highly expressed in breast cancer and is associated with poor patient outcome. However, the cellular mechanism by which matriptase mediates breast cancer invasion remains unknown. The present study aimed to determine the role of matriptase in the protein kinase C (PKC)‑mediated metastasis of MCF‑7 human breast cancer cells. Matriptase small interfering RNA‑mediated knockdown significantly attenuated the 12‑O‑tetradecanoylphorbol‑13‑acetate (TPA)‑induced invasiveness and migration of MCF‑7 cells, and inhibited the activation of phospholipase C γ2 (PLCγ2)/PKC/MAPK signaling pathways. Matriptase‑knockdown also suppressed the expression of MMP‑9 and inhibited the activation of NF‑κB/activator protein‑1 in MCF‑7 cells. Additionally, GB83 [an inhibitor of protease‑activated receptor‑2 (PAR‑2)] inhibited PKC‑mediated MMP‑9 expression and metastatic ability in MCF‑7 cells. Furthermore, downregulation of matriptase suppressed TPA‑induced MMP‑9 expression and invasiveness via PAR‑2/PLCγ2/PKC/MAPK activation. These findings shed light on the mechanism underlying the role of matriptase in MCF‑7 cell invasion and migration ability, and suggest that matriptase modulation could be a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Mi Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinny Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon 405‑760, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Noh
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk 570‑749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Song
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk 570‑749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yull Kang
- Department of Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University and Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 560‑182, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoo Jung
- Department of Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University and Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 560‑182, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Suk Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jo Youn
- Department of Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University and Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonju, Jeollabuk 560‑182, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Rae Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeollabuk 570‑749, Republic of Korea
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9
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da Silva EZM, Fraga-Silva TFDC, Yuan Y, Alves MG, Publio GA, da Fonseca CK, Kodama MH, Vieira GV, Candido MF, Innocentini LMAR, Miranda MG, da Silva AR, Alves-Filho JC, Bonato VLD, Iglesias-Bartolome R, Sales KU. Kallikrein 5 Inhibition by the Lympho-Epithelial Kazal-Type Related Inhibitor Hinders Matriptase-Dependent Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174395. [PMID: 34503205 PMCID: PMC8431081 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma remains challenging to treat with no improvement in survival rates over the past 50 years. Thus, there is an urgent need to discover more reliable therapeutic targets and biomarkers for HNSCC. Matriptase, a type-II transmembrane serine protease, induces malignant transformation in epithelial stem cells through proteolytic activation of pro-HGF and PAR-2, triggering PI3K-AKT-mTOR and NFKB signaling. The serine protease inhibitor lympho-epithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor (LEKTI) inhibits the matriptase-driven proteolytic pathway, directly blocking kallikreins in epithelial differentiation. Hence, we hypothesized LEKTI could inhibit matriptase-dependent squamous cell carcinogenesis, thus implicating kallikreins in this process. Double-transgenic mice with simultaneous expression of matriptase and LEKTI under the keratin-5 promoter showed a prominent rescue of K5-Matriptase+/0 premalignant phenotype. Notably, in DMBA-induced SCC, heterotopic co-expression of LEKTI and matriptase delayed matriptase-driven tumor incidence and progression. Co-expression of LEKTI reverted altered Kallikrein-5 expression observed in the skin of K5-Matriptase+/0 mice, indicating that matriptase-dependent proteolytic pathway inhibition by LEKTI occurs through kallikreins. Moreover, we showed that Kallikrein-5 is necessary for PAR-2-mediated IL-8 release, YAP1-TAZ/TEAD activation, and matriptase-mediated oral squamous cell carcinoma migration. Collectively, our data identify a third signaling pathway for matriptase-dependent carcinogenesis in vivo. These findings are critical for the identification of more reliable biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets in Head and Neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Zayas Marcelino da Silva
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Thais Fernanda de Campos Fraga-Silva
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (T.F.d.C.F.-S.); (V.L.D.B.)
| | - Yao Yuan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.Y.); (R.I.-B.)
| | - Márcia Gaião Alves
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Gabriel Azevedo Publio
- Departament of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (G.A.P.); (J.C.A.-F.)
| | - Carol Kobori da Fonseca
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Márcio Hideki Kodama
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Gabriel Viliod Vieira
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Marina Ferreira Candido
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini
- Dentistry and Stomatology Division, Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology, and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Clinical Hospital of Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Mateus Gonçalves Miranda
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Alfredo Ribeiro da Silva
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Jose Carlos Alves-Filho
- Departament of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (G.A.P.); (J.C.A.-F.)
| | - Vania Luiza Deperon Bonato
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (T.F.d.C.F.-S.); (V.L.D.B.)
| | - Ramiro Iglesias-Bartolome
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.Y.); (R.I.-B.)
| | - Katiuchia Uzzun Sales
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-9113
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10
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Ariffin SMZ, Bennett D, Ferrell WR, Lockhart JC, Dunning L, Clements DN, Lascelles BDX, Ibrahim TAT, Johnston P. Protease activated receptor 2 and matriptase expression in the joints of cats with and without osteoarthritis. J Feline Med Surg 2020; 23:794-803. [PMID: 33284033 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x20977796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the presence of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) and matriptase proteins and quantify PAR2 and matriptase mRNA expression in the articular cartilage and synovial membrane of cats with and without osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS A total of 28 articular cartilage samples from adult cats (14 OA and 14 normal), 10 synovial membranes from adult cats (five OA and five normal) and three cartilage samples from 9-week-old fetal cats were used. The presence of PAR2 and matriptase in the cartilage and synovial membrane of the adult samples was detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, while real-time PCR was used for mRNA expression analyses in all samples. RESULTS PAR2 was detected in all OA and normal articular cartilage and synovial membrane samples but confined to only a few superficial chondrocytes in the normal samples. Matriptase was only detected in OA articular cartilage and synovial membrane samples. PAR2 and matriptase mRNA expression were, however, detected in all cartilage and synovial membrane samples. PAR2 and matriptase mRNA expression levels in OA articular cartilage were five (P <0.001) and 3.3 (P <0.001) times higher than that of the healthy group, respectively. There was no significant difference (P = 0.05) in the OA synovial membrane PAR2 and matriptase mRNA expression compared with the normal samples. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Detection of PAR2 and matriptase proteins and gene expression in feline articular tissues is a novel and important finding, and supports the hypothesis that serine proteases are involved in the pathogenesis of feline OA. The consistent presence of PAR2 and matriptase protein in the cytoplasm of OA chondrocytes suggests a possible involvement of proteases in cartilage degradation. Further investigations into the PAR2 and matriptase pathobiology could enhance our understanding of the proteolytic cascades in feline OA, which might lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti M Zainal Ariffin
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - David Bennett
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - William R Ferrell
- Institute of Immunity, Infection and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - John C Lockhart
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Lynette Dunning
- Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Health Research, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Dylan N Clements
- Royal (Dick) School for Veterinary Studies and The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - B Duncan X Lascelles
- Translational Research in Pain, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Centre for Translational Pain Research, Department of Anaesthesiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tengku A Tengku Ibrahim
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Pamela Johnston
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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11
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Holt-Danborg L, Skovbjerg S, Goderum KW, Nonboe AW, Stankevic E, Frost ÁK, Vitved L, Jensen JK, Vogel LK. Insights into the regulation of the matriptase-prostasin proteolytic system. Biochem J 2020; 477:4349-65. [PMID: 33094801 DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20200630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The membrane-associated prostasin and matriptase belonging to the S1A subfamily of serine proteases, are critical for epithelial development and maintenance. The two proteases are involved in the activation of each other and are both regulated by the protease inhibitors, HAI-1 and HAI-2. The S1A subfamily of serine proteases are generally produced as inactive zymogens requiring a cleavage event to obtain activity. However, contrary to the common case, the zymogen form of matriptase exhibits proteolytic activity, which can be inhibited by HAI-1 and HAI-2, as for the activated counterpart. We provide strong evidence that also prostasin exhibits proteolytic activity in its zymogen form. Furthermore, we show that the activity of zymogen prostasin can be inhibited by HAI-1 and HAI-2. We report that zymogen prostasin is capable of activating zymogen matriptase, but unable to activate its own zymogen form. We propose the existence of an unusual enzyme-enzyme relationship consisting of proteolytically active zymogen forms of both matriptase and prostasin, kept under control by HAI-1 and HAI-2, and located at the pinnacle of an important proteolytic pathway in epithelia. Perturbed balance in this proteolytic system is likely to cause rapid and efficient activation of matriptase by the dual action of zymogen matriptase and zymogen prostasin. Previous studies suggest that the zymogen form of matriptase performs the normal proteolytic functions of the protease, whereas excess matriptase activation likely causes carcinogenesis. HAI-1 and HAI-2 are thus important for the prevention of matriptase activation whether catalysed by zymogen/activated prostasin (this study) or zymogen/activated matriptase (previous studies).
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12
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Kamble PR, Rane S, Breed AA, Joseph S, Mahale SD, Pathak BR. Proteolytic cleavage of Trop2 at Arg87 is mediated by matriptase and regulated by Val194. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:3156-3169. [PMID: 32761920 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Proteolytic processing is an important post-translational modification affecting protein activity and stability. In the current study, we investigate the N-terminal cleavage of Trop2, a protein which is overexpressed in many cancers. We demonstrate that Trop2 is cleaved at Arg87 by a transmembrane serine protease, matriptase. Homology modeling and site-directed mutagenesis of amino acids in close proximity to the matriptase cleavage site reveal the importance of Val194 in regulating Trop2 cleavage. Co-immunoprecipitation studies confirm that amino acid substitutions at Arg87, Thr88, Lys189, Val194, and His195 do not affect Trop2 dimerization. However, cleavage of wild-type Trop2 by matriptase is inhibited when it is allowed to dimerize with a V194 A mutant monomer, further confirming the role of Val194 in matriptase-mediated N-terminal cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradnya R Kamble
- Division of Structural Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjana Rane
- Division of Structural Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Ananya A Breed
- Division of Structural Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Shaini Joseph
- Genetic Research Center, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Smita D Mahale
- Division of Structural Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Bhakti R Pathak
- Division of Structural Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
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13
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Skovbjerg S, Holt-Danborg L, Nonboe AW, Hong Z, Frost ÁK, Schar CR, Thomas CC, Vitved L, Jensen JK, Vogel LK. Inhibition of an active zymogen protease: the zymogen form of matriptase is regulated by HAI-1 and HAI-2. Biochem J 2020; 477:1779-94. [PMID: 32338287 DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20200182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The membrane-bound serine protease matriptase belongs to a rare subset of serine proteases that display significant activity in the zymogen form. Matriptase is critically involved in epithelial differentiation and homeostasis, and insufficient regulation of its proteolytic activity directly causes onset and development of malignant cancer. There is strong evidence that the zymogen activity of matriptase is sufficient for its biological function(s). Activated matriptase is inhibited by the two Kunitz-type inhibitor domain-containing hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitors 1 (HAI-1) and HAI-2, however, it remains unknown whether the activity of the matriptase zymogen is regulated. Using both purified proteins and a cell-based assay, we show that the catalytic activity of the matriptase zymogen towards a peptide-based substrate as well as the natural protein substrates, pro-HGF and pro-prostasin, can be inhibited by HAI-1 and HAI-2. Inhibition of zymogen matriptase by HAI-1 and HAI-2 appears similar to inhibition of activated matriptase and occurs at comparable inhibitor concentrations. This indicates that HAI-1 and HAI-2 interact with the active sites of zymogen and activated matriptase in a similar manner. Our results suggest that HAI-1 and HAI-2 regulate matriptase zymogen activity and thus may act as regulators of matriptase trans(auto)-activation. Due to the main localisation of HAI-2 in the ER and HAI-1 in the secretory pathway and on the cell surface, this regulation likely occurs both in the secretory pathway and on the plasma membrane. Regulation of an active zymogen form of a protease is a novel finding.
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14
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Wu CJ, Lu M, Feng X, Nakato G, Udey MC. Matriptase Cleaves EpCAM and TROP2 in Keratinocytes, Destabilizing Both Proteins and Associated Claudins. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041027. [PMID: 32326212 PMCID: PMC7226414 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The homologs EpCAM and TROP2, which both interact with claudin-1 and claudin-7, are frequently coexpressed in epithelia including skin. Intestine uniquely expresses high levels of EpCAM but not TROP2. We previously identified EpCAM as a substrate of the membrane-anchored protease matriptase and linked HAI-2, matriptase, EpCAM and claudin-7 in a pathway that is pivotal for intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) homeostasis. Herein, we reveal that TROP2 is also a matriptase substrate. Matriptase cleaved TROP2 when purified recombinant proteins were mixed in vitro. TROP2, like EpCAM, was also cleaved after co-transfection of matriptase in 293T cells. Neither EpCAM nor TROP2 cleavage was promoted by protease-disabled matriptase or matriptase that harbored the ichthyosis-associated G827R mutation. We confirmed that EpCAM and TROP2 are both expressed in skin and detected cleavage of these proteins in human keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) after the physiologic inhibition of matriptase by HAI proteins was relieved by siRNA knockdown. Knockdown of EpCAM or TROP2 individually had only small effects on claudin-1 and claudin-7 levels, whereas elimination of both markedly diminished claudin levels. HAI-1 knockdown promoted EpCAM and TROP2 cleavage accompanied by reductions in claudins, whereas HAI-2 knockdown had little impact. Double knockdown of HAI-1 and HAI-2 induced nearly complete cleavage of EpCAM and TROP2 and drastic reductions of claudins. These effects were eliminated by concurrent matriptase knockdown. Decreases in claudin levels were also diminished by the lysosomal inhibitor chloroquine and cleaved EpCAM/TROP2 fragments accumulated preferentially. We demonstrate that TROP2 and EpCAM exhibit redundancies with regard to regulation of claudin metabolism and that an HAI, matriptase, EpCAM and claudin pathway analogous to what we described in IECs exists in keratinocytes. This study may offer insights into the mechanistic basis for matriptase dysregulation-induced ichthyosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Jin Wu
- Laboratory of Immune Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Correspondence: (C.-J.W.); (M.C.U.); Tel.: +1-301-760-7452 (C.-J.W.); +1-314-454-8547 (M.C.U.)
| | - Michael Lu
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Xu Feng
- Retired from National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Gaku Nakato
- Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan;
| | - Mark C. Udey
- Dermatology Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Correspondence: (C.-J.W.); (M.C.U.); Tel.: +1-301-760-7452 (C.-J.W.); +1-314-454-8547 (M.C.U.)
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15
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Mukai S, Yamasaki K, Fujii M, Nagai T, Terada N, Kataoka H, Kamoto T. Dysregulation of Type II Transmembrane Serine Proteases and Ligand-Dependent Activation of MET in Urological Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082663. [PMID: 32290402 PMCID: PMC7215454 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike in normal epithelium, dysregulated overactivation of various proteases have been reported in cancers. Degradation of pericancerous extracellular matrix leading to cancer cell invasion by matrix metalloproteases is well known evidence. On the other hand, several cell-surface proteases, including type II transmembrane serine proteases (TTSPs), also induce progression through activation of growth factors, protease activating receptors and other proteases. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) known as a multifunctional growth factor that upregulates cancer cell motility, invasiveness, proliferative, and anti-apoptotic activities through phosphorylation of MET (a specific receptor of HGF). HGF secreted as inactive zymogen (pro-HGF) from cancer associated stromal fibroblasts, and the proteolytic activation by several TTSPs including matriptase and hepsin is required. The activation is strictly regulated by HGF activator inhibitors (HAIs) in physiological condition. However, downregulation is frequently observed in cancers. Indeed, overactivation of MET by upregulation of matriptase and hepsin accompanied by the downregulation of HAIs in urological cancers (prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and bladder cancer) are also reported, a phenomenon observed in cancer cells with malignant phenotype, and correlated with poor prognosis. In this review, we summarized current reports focusing on TTSPs, HAIs, and MET signaling axis in urological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichiro Mukai
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; (K.Y.); (M.F.); (T.N.); (N.T.); (T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-985-85-2968
| | - Koji Yamasaki
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; (K.Y.); (M.F.); (T.N.); (N.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Masato Fujii
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; (K.Y.); (M.F.); (T.N.); (N.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Takahiro Nagai
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; (K.Y.); (M.F.); (T.N.); (N.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Naoki Terada
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; (K.Y.); (M.F.); (T.N.); (N.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Hiroaki Kataoka
- Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology Section, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan;
| | - Toshiyuki Kamoto
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan; (K.Y.); (M.F.); (T.N.); (N.T.); (T.K.)
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16
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Whittaker GR, Straus MR. Human matriptase/ST 14 proteolytically cleaves H7N9 hemagglutinin and facilitates the activation of influenza A/Shanghai/2/2013 virus in cell culture. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2019; 14:189-195. [PMID: 31820577 PMCID: PMC7040964 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza is a zoonotic disease that infects millions of people each year resulting in hundreds of thousands of deaths, and in turn devastating pandemics. Influenza is caused by influenza viruses, including influenza A virus (IAV). There are many subtypes of IAV but only a few seem to be able to adapt to humans and to cause disease. In 2013, an H7N9 IAV subtype emerged in China that does not cause clinical symptoms in its chicken host but leads to severe infections when transmitted into humans. Since 2013, there have been six epidemic waves of H7N9 with 1567 laboratory-confirmed human infections and 615 deaths. Pathogenicity of IAV is complex, but a crucial feature contributing to virulence is the activation of the hemagglutinin (HA) fusion protein by host proteases that triggers membrane fusion and leads to subsequent virus propagation. METHODS 293T, VERO, and MDCK cells were used to conduct Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence assays, and pseudoparticle and live virus infections, and to evaluate H7N9 HA cleavage-activation. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS We show that human matriptase/ST 14 is able to cleave H7N9 HA. Cleavage of H7N9 HA expressed in cell culture results in fusogenic HA and syncytia formation. In infection studies with viral pseudoparticles carrying matriptase/ST 14-activated H7N9 HA, we observed a high infectivity of cells. Finally, human matriptase/ST 14 also activated H7N9 live virus which resulted in high infectivity. Our data demonstrate that human matriptase/ST 14 is a likely candidate protease to promote H7N9 infections in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary R Whittaker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Marco R Straus
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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17
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Nakahara K, Yamasaki K, Nagai T, Fujii M, Akioka T, Takamori H, Terada N, Mukai S, Sato Y, Kamoto T. Expression of protease activating receptor-2 (PAR-2) is positively correlated with the recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: an immunohistochemical analysis. Res Rep Urol 2019; 11:97-104. [PMID: 31114765 PMCID: PMC6489562 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s199512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Matriptase, which is a Type II transmembrane serine protease, has the potential to activate several growth factors, including pro-hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). A G protein-coupled transmembrane cell-surface receptor and a protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) are also required for activation by matriptase. Activation of PAR-2 has been reported to induce the progression of various cancers. In a previous study, we evaluated the correlation between upregulation of MET phosphorylation with high matriptase expression and worse prognosis in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer; however, expression of PAR-2, matriptase and MET in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has not been evaluated. Materials and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the expression of PAR-2, matriptase and MET using 55 paraffin-embedded specimens obtained from patients with NMIBC by immunohistochemistry. Results: MET was significantly expressed in high-grade urothelial carcinoma (UC) and pathological T1 cancers. High expression of PAR-2 was significantly associated with a worse recurrence rate in NMIBC. In subgroup analysis, the expression of PAR-2 was also correlated with high recurrence rate in low-grade UC. In addition, expression of matriptase tended to correlate with worse recurrence rate in high-grade UC. Conclusion: Increased expression of PAR-2 was significantly correlated with worse recurrence rate in patients with NMIBC. In addition, expression of matriptase also indicated a tendency toward recurrence in high-grade UC, suggesting an important role of matriptase-induced PAR-2 activation in NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozue Nakahara
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Koji Yamasaki
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nagai
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Masato Fujii
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Akioka
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takamori
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Naoki Terada
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Mukai
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Sato
- Section of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kamoto
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
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18
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Li C, Morvaridi S, Lam G, Chheda C, Kamata Y, Katsumata M, Edderkaoui M, Yuan X, Nissen N, Pandol SJ, Wang Q. MSP-RON Signaling Is Activated in the Transition From Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PanIN) to Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Front Physiol 2019; 10:147. [PMID: 30863319 PMCID: PMC6399467 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the deadliest epithelial malignancies and remains difficult to treat. Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs) represent the majority of the pre-cancer lesions in the pancreas. The PDAC microenvironment consists of activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and immune cells, which are thought to contribute to neoplastic transformation. However, the signaling events involved in driving the transition from the neoplastic precursor to the more advanced and aggressive forms in the pancreas are not well understood. Recepteur d’Origine Nantais (RON) is a c-MET family receptor tyrosine kinase that is implicated in playing a role in cell proliferation, migration and other aspects of tumorigenesis. Macrophage stimulating protein (MSP) is the ligand for RON and becomes activated upon proteolytic cleavage by matriptase (also known as ST14), a type II transmembrane serine protease. In the current study, by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis of human pancreatic tissues, we found that the expression levels MSP and matriptase are drastically increased during the transition from the preneoplastic PanIN stages to the more advanced and aggressive PDAC. Moreover, RON is highly expressed in both PDAC and in cancer-associated stellate cells. In contrast, MSP, RON, and matriptase are expressed at low levels, if any, in normal pancreas. Our study underscores an emerging role of MSP-RON autocrine and paracrine signaling events in driving malignant progression in the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Susan Morvaridi
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Gloria Lam
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chintan Chheda
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yoshiko Kamata
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Makoto Katsumata
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mouad Edderkaoui
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xiaopu Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas Nissen
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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19
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Komatsubara T, Oshiro H, Sakuma Y, Sata N, Niki T, Fukushima N. Overexpression of matriptase in tumor stroma is a poor prognostic indicator of extrahepatic bile duct cancer. Pathol Int 2019; 69:86-93. [PMID: 30729623 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bile duct cancer is known to contain numerous fibroblasts, and reported to recruit cancer- associated fibroblasts by secreting platelet-derived growth factor-D (PDGF-D) which needs serine proteases, such as matriptase, to behave as a ligand. However, their expression pattern, and prognostic value have not been clarified. In this study, we investigated the clinicopathological significance of PDGF-D and matriptase expression in patients with extrahepatic bile duct cancer. The samples were obtained from 256 patients who underwent the surgical resection between 1991 and 2015, and the expression levels of PDGF-D and matriptase were evaluated immunohistochemically. Staining intensities and distribution were scored, and finally classified into low and high expression groups in cancer cells and stroma respectively. High expression of matriptase in the cancer stroma was detected in 91 tumors (40%). The high stromal matriptase expression was significantly associated with shorter recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) (P = 0.0027 and 0.0023, respectively). Multivariate analyses also demonstrated that the stromal matriptase expression level was an independent influential factor in RFS (P = 0.0050) and OS (P = 0.0093). Our findings suggest that the high stromal matriptase expression was strongly associated with tumor progression, recurrence and poor outcomes in patients with extrahepatic bile duct cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihide Komatsubara
- Department of Pathology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi-ken, Japan, 329-0498.,Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi-ken, Japan, 329-0498
| | - Hisashi Oshiro
- Department of Pathology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi-ken, Japan, 329-0498
| | - Yasunaru Sakuma
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi-ken, Japan, 329-0498
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi-ken, Japan, 329-0498
| | - Toshiro Niki
- Department of Pathology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi-ken, Japan, 329-0498
| | - Noriyoshi Fukushima
- Department of Pathology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke-shi, Tochigi-ken, Japan, 329-0498
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20
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Ye F, Chen S, Liu X, Ye X, Wang K, Zeng Z, Su Y, Zhang X, Zhou H. 3-Cl-AHPC inhibits pro-HGF maturation by inducing matriptase/HAI-1 complex formation. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:155-166. [PMID: 30370662 PMCID: PMC6307790 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Matriptase is an epithelia-specific membrane-anchored serine protease, and its dysregulation is highly related to the progression of a variety of cancers. Hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (HAI-1) inhibits matriptase activity through forming complex with activated matriptase. The balance of matriptase activation and matriptase/HAI-1 complex formation determines the intensity and duration of matriptase activity. 3-Cl-AHPC, 4-[3-(1-adamantyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl]-3-chlorocinnamic acid, is an adamantly substituted retinoid-related molecule and a ligand of retinoic acid receptor γ (RARγ). 3-Cl-AHPC is of strong anti-cancer effect but with elusive mechanisms. In our current study, we show that 3-Cl-AHPC time- and dose- dependently induces matriptase/HAI-1 complex formation, leading to the suppression of activated matriptase in cancer cells and tissues. Furthermore, 3-Cl-AHPC promotes matriptase shedding but without increasing the activity of shed matriptase. Moreover, 3-Cl-AHPC inhibits matriptase-mediated cleavage of pro-HGF through matriptase/HAI-1 complex induction, resulting in the suppression of pro-HGF-stimulated signalling and cell scattering. Although 3-Cl-AHPC binds to RARγ, its induction of matriptase/HAI-1 complex is not RARγ dependent. Together, our data demonstrates that 3-Cl-AHPC down-regulates matriptase activity through induction of matriptase/HAI-1 complex formation in a RARγ-independent manner, providing a mechanism of 3-Cl-AHPC anti-cancer activity and a new strategy to inhibit abnormal matriptase activity via matriptase/HAI-1 complex induction using small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
| | - Shuang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
| | - Xingxing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
| | - Xiaohong Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
| | - Keqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
| | - Ying Su
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
- Cancer CenterSanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Xiao‐kun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
- Cancer CenterSanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery InstituteLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Hu Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamenFujianChina
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21
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Yamasaki K, Mukai S, Nagai T, Nakahara K, Fujii M, Terada N, Ohno A, Sato Y, Toda Y, Kataoka H, Kamoto T. Matriptase-Induced Phosphorylation of MET is Significantly Associated with Poor Prognosis in Invasive Bladder Cancer; an Immunohistochemical Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123708. [PMID: 30469509 PMCID: PMC6321379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) plays an important role in cancer progression via phosphorylation of MET (c-met proto-oncogene product, receptor of HGF). HGF-zymogen (pro-HGF) must be processed for activation by HGF activators including matriptase, which is a type II transmembrane serine protease and the most efficient activator. The enzymatic activity is tightly regulated by HGF activator inhibitors (HAIs). Dysregulated pro-HGF activation (with upregulated MET phosphorylation) is reported to promote cancer progression in various cancers. We retrospectively analyzed the expression of matriptase, phosphorylated-MET (phospho-MET) and HAI-1 in tumor specimens obtained from patients with invasive bladder cancer by immunohistochemistry. High expression of phospho-MET and increased expression of matriptase were significantly associated with poor prognosis, and high matriptase/low HAI-1 expression showed poorer prognosis. Furthermore, high expression of matriptase tended to correlate with phosphorylation of MET. Increased expression of matriptase may induce the ligand-dependent activation of MET, which leads to poor prognosis in patients with invasive bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamasaki
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Shoichiro Mukai
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Nagai
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Kozue Nakahara
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Masato Fujii
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Naoki Terada
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Akinobu Ohno
- Section of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Yuichiro Sato
- Section of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Yoshinobu Toda
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Tenri Health Care University, Nara 632-0018, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Kataoka
- Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology Section, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Kamoto
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
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22
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Tamberg T, Hong Z, De Schepper D, Skovbjerg S, Dupont DM, Vitved L, Schar CR, Skjoedt K, Vogel LK, Jensen JK. Blocking the proteolytic activity of zymogen matriptase with antibody-based inhibitors. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:314-326. [PMID: 30409910 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Matriptase is a member of the type-II transmembrane serine protease (TTSP) family and plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of epithelial tissues. As all chymotrypsin-like serine proteases, matriptase is synthesized as a zymogen (proform), requiring a cleavage event for full activity. Recent studies suggest that the zymogen of matriptase possesses enough catalytic activity to not only facilitate autoactivation, but also carry out its in vivo functions, which include activating several proteolytic and signaling cascades. Inhibition of zymogen matriptase may therefore be a highly effective approach for limiting matriptase activity. To this end, here we sought to characterize the catalytic activity of human zymogen matriptase and to develop mAb inhibitors against this enzyme form. Using a mutated variant of matriptase in which the serine protease domain is locked in the zymogen conformation, we confirmed that the zymogen form of human matriptase has catalytic activity. Moreover, the crystal structure of the catalytic domain of zymogen matriptase was solved to 2.5 Å resolution to characterize specific antibody-based matriptase inhibitors and to further structure-based studies. Finally, we describe the first antibody-based competitive inhibitors that target both the zymogen and activated forms of matriptase. We propose that these antibodies provide a more efficient way to regulate matriptase activity by targeting the protease both before and after its activation and may be of value for both research and preclinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine Tamberg
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Zebin Hong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Daphné De Schepper
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Signe Skovbjerg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1165, Denmark
| | - Daniel M Dupont
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Lars Vitved
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Christine R Schar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Karsten Skjoedt
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark
| | - Lotte K Vogel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 1165, Denmark
| | - Jan K Jensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Danish-Chinese Centre for Proteases and Cancer, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
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23
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Rather GM, Lin SY, Lin H, Banach-Petrosky W, Hirshfield KM, Lin CY, Johnson MD, Szekely Z, Bertino JR. Activated matriptase as a target to treat breast cancer with a drug conjugate. Oncotarget 2018; 9:25983-92. [PMID: 29899836 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The antitumor effects of a novel antibody drug conjugate (ADC) was tested against human solid tumor cell lines and against human triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) xenografts in immunosuppressed mice. The ADC targeting activated matriptase of tumor cells was synthesized by using the potent anti-tubulin toxin, monomethyl auristatin-E linked to the activated matriptase-specific monoclonal antibody (M69) via a lysosomal protease-cleavable dipeptide linker. This ADC was found to be cytotoxic against multiple activated matriptase-positive epithelial carcinoma cell lines in vitro and markedly inhibited growth of triple negative breast cancer xenografts and a primary human TNBC (PDX) in vivo. Overexpression of activated matriptase may be a biomarker for response to this ADC. The ADC had potent anti-tumor activity, while the unconjugated M69 antibody was ineffective in a mouse model study using MDA-MB-231 xenografts in mice. Treatment of a human TNBC (MDA-MB-231) showed potent anti-tumor effects in combination with cisplatin in mice. This ADC alone or in combination with cisplatin has the potential to improve the treatment outcomes of patients with TNBC as well as other tumors overexpressing activated matriptase.
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24
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Zoratti GL, Tanabe LM, Hyland TE, Duhaime MJ, Colombo É, Leduc R, Marsault E, Johnson MD, Lin CY, Boerner J, Lang JE, List K. Matriptase regulates c-Met mediated proliferation and invasion in inflammatory breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:58162-73. [PMID: 27528224 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The poor prognosis for patients with inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) compared to patients with other types of breast cancers emphasizes the need to better understand the molecular underpinnings of this disease with the goal of developing effective targeted therapeutics. Dysregulation of matriptase expression, an epithelial-specific member of the type II transmembrane serine protease family, has been demonstrated in many different cancer types. To date, no studies have assessed the expression and potential pro-oncogenic role of matriptase in IBC. We examined the functional relationship between matriptase and the HGF/c-MET signaling pathway in the IBC cell lines SUM149 and SUM190, and in IBC patient samples. Matriptase and c-Met proteins are localized on the surface membrane of IBC cells and their expression is strongly correlated in infiltrating cancer cells and in the cancer cells of lymphatic emboli in patient samples. Abrogation of matriptase expression by silencing with RNAi or inhibition of matriptase proteolytic activity with a synthetic inhibitor impairs the conversion of inactive pro-HGF to active HGF and subsequent c-Met-mediated signaling, leading to efficient impairment of proliferation and invasion of IBC cells. These data show the potential of matriptase inhibitors as a novel targeted therapy for IBC, and lay the groundwork for the development and testing of such drugs.
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25
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Böttcher-Friebertshäuser E, Garten W, Klenk HD. Membrane-Anchored Serine Proteases: Host Cell Factors in Proteolytic Activation of Viral Glycoproteins. Activation of Viruses by Host Proteases 2018. [PMCID: PMC7122464 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-75474-1_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over one third of all known proteolytic enzymes are serine proteases. Among these, the trypsin-like serine proteases comprise one of the best characterized subfamilies due to their essential roles in blood coagulation, food digestion, fibrinolysis, or immunity. Trypsin-like serine proteases possess primary substrate specificity for basic amino acids. Most of the well-characterized trypsin-like proteases such as trypsin, plasmin, or urokinase are soluble proteases that are secreted into the extracellular environment. At the turn of the millennium, a number of novel trypsin-like serine proteases have been identified that are anchored in the cell membrane, either by a transmembrane domain at the N- or C-terminus or via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) linkage. Meanwhile more than 20 membrane-anchored serine proteases (MASPs) have been identified in human and mouse, and some of them have emerged as key regulators of mammalian development and homeostasis. Thus, the MASP corin and TMPRSS6/matriptase-2 have been demonstrated to be the activators of the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and key regulator of hepcidin expression, respectively. Furthermore, MASPs have been recognized as host cell factors activating respiratory viruses including influenza virus as well as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronaviruses. In particular, transmembrane protease serine S1 member 2 (TMPRSS2) has been shown to be essential for proteolytic activation and consequently spread and pathogenesis of a number of influenza A viruses in mice and as a factor associated with severe influenza virus infection in humans. This review gives an overview on the physiological functions of the fascinating and rapidly evolving group of MASPs and a summary of the current knowledge on their role in proteolytic activation of viral fusion proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wolfgang Garten
- 0000 0004 1936 9756grid.10253.35Institut für Virologie, Philipps Universität, Marburg, Germany
| | - Hans Dieter Klenk
- 0000 0004 1936 9756grid.10253.35Institut für Virologie, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Germany
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26
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Mitchell AC, Kannan D, Hunter SA, Parra Sperberg RA, Chang CH, Cochran JR. Engineering a potent inhibitor of matriptase from the natural hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type-1 (HAI-1) protein. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:4969-4980. [PMID: 29386351 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.815142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated matriptase activity has been established as a key contributor to cancer progression through its activation of growth factors, including the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Despite its critical role and prevalence in many human cancers, limitations to developing an effective matriptase inhibitor include weak binding affinity, poor selectivity, and short circulating half-life. We applied rational and combinatorial approaches to engineer a potent inhibitor based on the hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor type-1 (HAI-1), a natural matriptase inhibitor. The first Kunitz domain (KD1) of HAI-1 has been well established as a minimal matriptase-binding and inhibition domain, whereas the second Kunitz domain (KD2) is inactive and involved in negative regulation. Here, we replaced the inactive KD2 domain of HAI-1 with an engineered chimeric variant of KD2/KD1 domains and fused the resulting construct to an antibody Fc domain to increase valency and circulating serum half-life. The final protein variant contains four stoichiometric binding sites that we showed were needed to effectively inhibit matriptase with a Ki of 70 ± 5 pm, an increase of 120-fold compared with the natural HAI-1 inhibitor, to our knowledge making it one of the most potent matriptase inhibitors identified to date. Furthermore, the engineered inhibitor demonstrates a protease selectivity profile similar to that of wildtype KD1 but distinct from that of HAI-1. It also inhibits activation of the natural pro-HGF substrate and matriptase expressed on cancer cells with at least an order of magnitude greater efficacy than KD1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sean A Hunter
- Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
| | | | | | - Jennifer R Cochran
- From the Departments of Bioengineering and .,Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305.,Chemical Engineering and
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27
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Sun P, Xue L, Song Y, Mao X, Chen L, Dong B, Braicu EL, Sehouli J. Regulation of matriptase and HAI-1 system, a novel therapeutic target in human endometrial cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:12682-12694. [PMID: 29560101 PMCID: PMC5849165 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of specific and non-specific regulation of matriptase on endometrial cancer cells in vitro were investigated. Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression of matriptase and hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (HAI-1) in RL-952, HEC-1A, and HEC-1B endometrial cancer cells were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blot. The cells were infected with lentivirus-mediated small-interfering RNA (siRNA) targeted on matriptase (MA-siRNA) or treated with different cisplatin (DDP) concentrations. After treatment, invasion, migration, and cellular apoptosis were analyzed. Matriptase mRNA and protein expression significantly decreased to 80% after infection with MA-siRNA (P < 0.01), and scratch and trans-well chamber assays showed significant inhibition of invasiveness and metastasis. Upon incubation with cisplatin at concentrations higher than the therapeutic dose for 24 h, the expressions of matriptase and HAI-1 significantly decreased (P < 0.001). Moreover, the invasiveness, metastasis, and survival rate of HEC-1A and RL-952 endometrial cancer cells were significantly decreased (P < 0.001) due to the down-regulation of matriptase and HAI-1 upon increasing cisplatin concentration. However, a slight increase in matriptase and HAI-1 expression was observed in cells treated with low cisplatin concentration (P = 0.01). Moreover, matriptase expression was associated with metastasis and invasiveness. Down-regulation of matriptase by specific Ma-SiRNA or non-specific cisplatin in matriptase/HAI-1-positive endometrial cancer cells showed promising therapeutic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengming Sun
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children Hospital, Affiliate Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. of China.,Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children Hospital, Affiliate Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. of China
| | - Lifang Xue
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children Hospital, Affiliate Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. of China
| | - Yiyi Song
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children Hospital, Affiliate Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. of China
| | - Xiaodan Mao
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children Hospital, Affiliate Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. of China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children Hospital, Affiliate Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. of China
| | - Binhua Dong
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children Hospital, Affiliate Hospital of Fujian Medical University, 350001 Fuzhou, Fujian, P.R. of China
| | - Elena Loana Braicu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Gynecology, Charité, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, European Competence Center for Ovarian Cancer University of Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Gynecology, Charité, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, European Competence Center for Ovarian Cancer University of Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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28
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Lanchec E, Désilets A, Béliveau F, Flamier A, Mahmoud S, Bernier G, Gris D, Leduc R, Lavoie C. The type II transmembrane serine protease matriptase cleaves the amyloid precursor protein and reduces its processing to β-amyloid peptide. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:20669-20682. [PMID: 29054928 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.792911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that many proteases, besides the canonical α-, β-, and γ-secretases, cleave the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and modulate β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide production. Moreover, specific APP isoforms contain Kunitz protease-inhibitory domains, which regulate the proteolytic activity of serine proteases. This prompted us to investigate the role of matriptase, a member of the type II transmembrane serine protease family, in APP processing. Using quantitative RT-PCR, we detected matriptase mRNA in several regions of the human brain with an enrichment in neurons. RNA sequencing data of human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex revealed relatively high levels of matriptase RNA in young individuals, whereas lower levels were detected in older individuals. We further demonstrate that matriptase and APP directly interact with each other and that matriptase cleaves APP at a specific arginine residue (Arg-102) both in vitro and in cells. Site-directed (Arg-to-Ala) mutagenesis of this cleavage site abolished matriptase-mediated APP processing. Moreover, we observed that a soluble, shed matriptase form cleaves endogenous APP in SH-SY5Y cells and that this cleavage significantly reduces APP processing to Aβ40. In summary, this study identifies matriptase as an APP-cleaving enzyme, an activity that could have important consequences for the abundance of Aβ and in Alzheimer's disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Lanchec
- From the Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Antoine Désilets
- From the Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H5N4, Canada
| | - François Béliveau
- From the Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Anthony Flamier
- Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 Boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Shaimaa Mahmoud
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H5N4, Canada, and
| | - Gilbert Bernier
- Stem Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 Boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada.,Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Denis Gris
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H5N4, Canada, and
| | - Richard Leduc
- From the Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H5N4, Canada,
| | - Christine Lavoie
- From the Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H5N4, Canada,
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Krotova K, Marek GW, Wang RL, Aslanidi G, Hoffman BE, Khodayari N, Rouhani FN, Brantly ML. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin-Deficient Macrophages Have Increased Matriptase-Mediated Proteolytic Activity. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 57:238-247. [PMID: 28362108 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0366oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency-associated emphysema is largely attributed to insufficient inhibition of neutrophil elastase released from neutrophils. Correcting AAT levels using augmentation therapy only slows disease progression, and that suggests a more complex process of lung destruction. Because alveolar macrophages (Mɸ) express AAT, we propose that the expression and intracellular accumulation of mutated Z-AAT (the most common mutation) compromises Mɸ function and contributes to emphysema development. Extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation is a hallmark of emphysema pathology. In this study, Mɸ from individuals with Z-AAT (Z-Mɸ) have greater proteolytic activity on ECM than do normal Mɸ. This abnormal Z-Mɸ activity is not abrogated by supplementation with exogenous AAT and is likely the result of cellular dysfunction induced by intracellular accumulation of Z-AAT. Using pharmacologic inhibitors, we show that several classes of proteases are involved in matrix degradation by Z-Mɸ. Importantly, compared with normal Mɸ, the membrane-bound serine protease, matriptase, is present in Z-Mɸ at higher levels and contributes to their proteolytic activity on ECM. In addition, we identified matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-14, a membrane-anchored metalloproteinase, as a novel substrate for matriptase, and showed that matriptase regulates the levels of MMP-14 on the cell surface. Thus, high levels of matriptase may contribute to increased ECM degradation by Z-Mɸ, both directly and through MMP-14 activation. In summary, the expression of Z-AAT in Mɸ confers increased proteolytic activity on ECM. This proteolytic activity is not rescued by exogenous AAT supplementation and could thus contribute to augmentation resistance in AAT deficiency-associated emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Krotova
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - George W Marek
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Rejean L Wang
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - George Aslanidi
- 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Brad E Hoffman
- 2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Nazli Khodayari
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Farshid N Rouhani
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Mark L Brantly
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
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30
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Buzza MS, Johnson TA, Conway GD, Martin EW, Mukhopadhyay S, Shea-Donohue T, Antalis TM. Inflammatory cytokines down-regulate the barrier-protective prostasin- matriptase proteolytic cascade early in experimental colitis. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:10801-10812. [PMID: 28490634 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.771469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Compromised gastrointestinal barrier function is strongly associated with the progressive and destructive pathologies of the two main forms of irritable bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD). Matriptase is a membrane-anchored serine protease encoded by suppression of tumorigenicity-14 (ST14) gene, which is critical for epithelial barrier development and homeostasis. Matriptase barrier-protective activity is linked with the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored serine protease prostasin, which is a co-factor for matriptase zymogen activation. Here we show that mRNA and protein expression of both matriptase and prostasin are rapidly down-regulated in the initiating inflammatory phases of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in mice, and, significantly, the loss of these proteases precedes the appearance of clinical symptoms, suggesting their loss may contribute to disease susceptibility. We used heterozygous St14 hypomorphic mice expressing a promoter-linked β-gal reporter to show that inflammatory colitis suppresses the activity of the St14 gene promoter. Studies in colonic T84 cell monolayers revealed that barrier disruption by the colitis-associated Th2-type cytokines, IL-4 and IL-13, down-regulates matriptase as well as prostasin through phosphorylation of the transcriptional regulator STAT6 and that inhibition of STAT6 with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) restores protease expression and reverses cytokine-induced barrier dysfunction. Both matriptase and prostasin are significantly down-regulated in colonic tissues from human subjects with active ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, implicating the loss of this barrier-protective protease pathway in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite S Buzza
- From the Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Department of Physiology and
| | - Tierra A Johnson
- From the Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Department of Physiology and
| | - Gregory D Conway
- From the Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Department of Physiology and
| | - Erik W Martin
- From the Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Department of Physiology and
| | | | - Terez Shea-Donohue
- the Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Toni M Antalis
- From the Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Department of Physiology and
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31
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Nonboe AW, Krigslund O, Soendergaard C, Skovbjerg S, Friis S, Andersen MN, Ellis V, Kawaguchi M, Kataoka H, Bugge TH, Vogel LK. HAI-2 stabilizes, inhibits and regulates SEA-cleavage-dependent secretory transport of matriptase. Traffic 2017; 18:378-391. [PMID: 28371047 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It has recently been shown that hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-2 (HAI-2) is able to suppress carcinogenesis induced by overexpression of matriptase, as well as cause regression of individual established tumors in a mouse model system. However, the role of HAI-2 is poorly understood. In this study, we describe 3 mutations in the binding loop of the HAI-2 Kunitz domain 1 (K42N, C47F and R48L) that cause a delay in the SEA domain cleavage of matriptase, leading to accumulation of non-SEA domain cleaved matriptase in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We suggest that, like other known SEA domains, the matriptase SEA domain auto-cleaves and reflects that correct oligomerization, maturation, and/or folding has been obtained. Our results suggest that the HAI-2 Kunitz domain 1 mutants influence the flux of matriptase to the plasma membrane by affecting the oligomerization, maturation and/or folding of matriptase, and as a result the SEA domain cleavage of matriptase. Two of the HAI-2 Kunitz domain 1 mutants investigated (C47F, R48L and C47F/R48L) also displayed a reduced ability to proteolytically silence matriptase. Hence, HAI-2 separately stabilizes matriptase, regulates the secretory transport, possibly via maturation/oligomerization and inhibits the proteolytic activity of matriptase in the ER, and possible throughout the secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika W Nonboe
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen North, Denmark
| | - Oliver Krigslund
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen North, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Soendergaard
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen North, Denmark.,Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Section, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Skovbjerg
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen North, Denmark
| | - Stine Friis
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen North, Denmark.,Department of Molecular Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen East, Denmark
| | - Martin N Andersen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vincent Ellis
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Makiko Kawaguchi
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kataoka
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Thomas H Bugge
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lotte K Vogel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen North, Denmark
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32
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Chen LM, Chai KX. Proteolytic cleavages in the extracellular domain of receptor tyrosine kinases by membrane-associated serine proteases. Oncotarget 2017; 8:56490-56505. [PMID: 28915606 PMCID: PMC5593577 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial extracellular membrane-associated serine proteases matriptase, hepsin, and prostasin are proteolytic modifying enzymes of the extracellular domain (ECD) of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Matriptase also cleaves the ECD of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and the angiopoietin receptor Tie2. In this study we tested the hypothesis that these serine proteases may cleave the ECD of additional receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). We co-expressed the proteases in an epithelial cell line with Her2, Her3, Her4, insulin receptor (INSR), insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-1R), the platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs) α and β, or nerve growth factor receptor A (TrkA). Western blot analysis was performed to detect the carboxyl-terminal fragments (CTFs) of the RTKs. Matriptase and hepsin were found to cleave the ECD of all RTKs tested, while TMPRSS6/matriptase-2 cleaves the ECD of Her4, INSR, and PDGFR α and β. Prostasin was able to cleave the ECD of Her3 and PDGFRα. Matriptase cleaves phosphorylated Her2 at Arg558 and Arg599 and the Arg599 cleavage produces a CTF not recognized by the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab/Herceptin. Her2 cleavages by matriptase can be inhibited by the hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor 1 (HAI-1) in the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Matriptase silencing in the Her2, matriptase, and HAI-1 triple-positive SKBR3 human breast cancer cells enhanced Her2 protein down-regulation induced by a sustained exposure to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which down-regulated matriptase protein. The novel Her2 cleavage and expression regulation mechanisms mediated by matriptase may have potential impacts in Her2-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Mei Chen
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Cancer Research, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL 32816-2364, USA
| | - Karl X Chai
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Cancer Research, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL 32816-2364, USA
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33
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Ji M, Li S, Xie Y, Zhao Z, Chang W, Li Y, Cheng X, Wang Z. Expression and prognostic value of matriptase in ovarian serous adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:1741-1744. [PMID: 28454318 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that matriptase is involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix and angiogenesis, and is overexpressed in certain forms of epithelial cancer. The present study aimed to examine matriptase expression in ovarian serous adenocarcinoma, and to investigate its association with clinicopathological characteristics and patient prognosis. Matriptase expression was analyzed in 80 ovarian serous adenocarcinoma and 12 normal ovarian tissue samples by immunohistochemistry. All data were analyzed to evaluate the association between matriptase expression and clinicopathological parameters and overall survival. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that matriptase protein was significantly overexpressed in the ovarian serous adenocarcinoma tissues compared with the normal ovarian tissues (P=0.0003). Furthermore, matriptase expression was significantly associated with clinical stage (P=0.0077) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.0111). Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated that patients with positive matriptase expression had significantly greater survival times (P=0.0008). Matriptase expression is associated with early stage and a greater survival time; therefore, this protein may function as a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Shunshuang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Ya Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Weizhong Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xinghan Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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34
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Tanabe LM, List K. The role of type II transmembrane serine protease-mediated signaling in cancer. FEBS J 2016; 284:1421-1436. [PMID: 27870503 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pericellular proteases have long been implicated in carcinogenesis. Previous research focused on these proteins, primarily as extracellular matrix (ECM) protein-degrading enzymes which allowed cancer cells to breach the basement membrane and invade surrounding tissue. However, recently, there has been a shift in the view of cell surface proteases, including serine proteases, as proteolytic modifiers of particular targets, including growth factors and protease-activated receptors, which are critical for the activation of oncogenic signaling pathways. Of the 176 human serine proteases currently identified, a subset of 17, known as type II transmembrane serine proteases (TTSPs). Many have been shown to be relevant to cancer progression since they were first identified as a family around the turn of the century. To this end, altered expression of TTSPs appeared as a trademark of several tumor types. However, the substrates and underlying signaling pathways remained unclear. Localization of these proteins to the cell surface places them in the unique position to mediate signal transduction between the cell and its surrounding environment. Many of the TTSPs have already been shown to play key roles in processes such as postnatal development, tissue homeostasis, and tumor progression, which share overlapping molecular mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of the TTSP family in pro-oncogenic signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Tanabe
- Department of Pharmacology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Karin List
- Department of Pharmacology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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35
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Kanemaru A, Yamamoto K, Kawaguchi M, Fukushima T, Lin CY, Johnson MD, Camerer E, Kataoka H. Deregulated matriptase activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma promotes the infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts by paracrine activation of protease-activated receptor 2. Int J Cancer 2016; 140:130-141. [PMID: 27615543 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are known to contribute to cancer progression. We have reported that cell surface expression of hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor 1 (HAI-1) is decreased in invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. This study examined if HAI-1-insufficiency contributes to CAF recruitment in OSCC. Serum-free conditioned medium (SFCM) from a human OSCC line (SAS) stimulated the migration of 3 human fibroblast cell lines, NB1RGB, MRC5 and KD. SFCM from HAI-1-knockdown SAS showed an additive effect on the migration of NB1RGB and MRC5, but not KD. SAS SFCM induced protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) expression in NB1RGB and MRC5, but not in KD, and a PAR-2 antagonist blocked the stimulatory effect of HAI-1 knockdown on migration of the PAR-2 expressing cell lines. Moreover, HAI-1-deficient SFCM showed additive stimulatory effects on the migration of wild-type but not PAR-2-deficient mouse fibroblasts. Therefore, the enhanced migration induced by HAI-1-insufficiency was mediated by PAR-2 activation in fibroblasts. This activation resulted from the deregulation of the activity of matriptase, a PAR-2 agonist protease. HAI-1 may thus prevent CAF recruitment to OSCC by controlling matriptase activity. When HAI-1 expression is reduced on OSCC, matriptase may contribute to CAF accumulation by paracrine activation of fibroblast PAR-2. Immunohistochemical analysis of resected OSCC revealed increased PAR2-positive CAFs in 35% (33/95) of the cases studied. The increased PAR-2 positive CAFs tended to correlate with infiltrative histology of the invasion front and shorter disease-free survival of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Kanemaru
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Koji Yamamoto
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Makiko Kawaguchi
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Fukushima
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Chen-Yong Lin
- School of Medicine, Lambardi Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Michael D Johnson
- School of Medicine, Lambardi Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Eric Camerer
- INSERM U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, Paris, France
| | - Hiroaki Kataoka
- Section of Oncopathology and Regenerative Biology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
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36
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Bardou O, Menou A, François C, Duitman JW, von der Thüsen JH, Borie R, Sales KU, Mutze K, Castier Y, Sage E, Liu L, Bugge TH, Fairlie DP, Königshoff M, Crestani B, Borensztajn KS. Membrane-anchored Serine Protease Matriptase Is a Trigger of Pulmonary Fibrogenesis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2016; 193:847-60. [PMID: 26599507 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201502-0299oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease that remains refractory to current therapies. OBJECTIVES To characterize the expression and activity of the membrane-anchored serine protease matriptase in IPF in humans and unravel its potential role in human and experimental pulmonary fibrogenesis. METHODS Matriptase expression was assessed in tissue specimens from patients with IPF versus control subjects using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting, while matriptase activity was monitored by fluorogenic substrate cleavage. Matriptase-induced fibroproliferative responses and the receptor involved were characterized in human primary pulmonary fibroblasts by Western blot, viability, and migration assays. In the murine model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, the consequences of matriptase depletion, either by using the pharmacological inhibitor camostat mesilate (CM), or by genetic down-regulation using matriptase hypomorphic mice, were characterized by quantification of secreted collagen and immunostainings. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Matriptase expression and activity were up-regulated in IPF and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. In cultured human pulmonary fibroblasts, matriptase expression was significantly induced by transforming growth factor-β. Furthermore, matriptase elicited signaling via protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2), and promoted fibroblast activation, proliferation, and migration. In the experimental bleomycin model, matriptase depletion, by the pharmacological inhibitor CM or by genetic down-regulation, diminished lung injury, collagen production, and transforming growth factor-β expression and signaling. CONCLUSIONS These results implicate increased matriptase expression and activity in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis in human IPF and in an experimental mouse model. Overall, targeting matriptase, or treatment by CM, which is already in clinical use for other diseases, may represent potential therapies for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Bardou
- 1 Inserm UMR1152, Medical School Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.,2 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling) and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France
| | - Awen Menou
- 1 Inserm UMR1152, Medical School Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.,2 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling) and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France
| | - Charlène François
- 1 Inserm UMR1152, Medical School Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.,2 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling) and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France
| | - Jan Willem Duitman
- 3 Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Raphaël Borie
- 2 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling) and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France.,5 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Pulmonology A, Competence Center for Rare Lung Diseases, Bichat-Claude Bernard University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Katiuchia Uzzun Sales
- 6 Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.,7 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kathrin Mutze
- 8 Member of the German Center of Lung Research, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Yves Castier
- 9 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Bichat-Claude Bernard University Hospital, Denis Diderot University and Medical School Paris VII, France
| | - Edouard Sage
- 10 Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplantation, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France; and
| | - Ligong Liu
- 11 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Thomas H Bugge
- 6 Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David P Fairlie
- 11 Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mélanie Königshoff
- 8 Member of the German Center of Lung Research, Comprehensive Pneumology Center, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bruno Crestani
- 1 Inserm UMR1152, Medical School Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.,2 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling) and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France.,5 Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Pulmonology A, Competence Center for Rare Lung Diseases, Bichat-Claude Bernard University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Keren S Borensztajn
- 1 Inserm UMR1152, Medical School Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.,2 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Département Hospitalo-universitaire FIRE (Fibrosis, Inflammation and Remodeling) and LabEx Inflamex, Paris, France
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Venukadasula PKM, Owusu BY, Bansal N, Ross LJ, Hobrath JV, Bao D, Truss JW, Stackhouse M, Messick TE, Klampfer L, Galemmo RA. Design and Synthesis of Nonpeptide Inhibitors of Hepatocyte Growth Factor Activation. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:177-81. [PMID: 26985294 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.5b00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this letter we report first nonpeptide inhibitors of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) activation. These compounds inhibit the three proteases (matriptase, hepsin, and HGF activator) required for HGF maturation. We show that 6, 8a, 8b, and 8d block activation of fibroblast-derived pro-HGF, thus preventing fibroblast-induced scattering of DU145 prostate cancer cells. Compound 6 (SRI 31215) is very soluble (91 μM) and has excellent microsome stability (human t 1/2 = 162 min; mouse t 1/2 = 296 min). In mouse 6 has an in vivo t 1/2 = 5.8 h following IV administration. The high solubility of 6 and IV t 1/2 make this compound a suitable prototype "triplex inhibitor" for the study of the inhibition of HGF activation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Troy E. Messick
- The Wistar Institute, 3601
Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania19104, United States
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38
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Najy AJ, Dyson G, Jena BP, Lin CY, Kim HRC. Matriptase activation and shedding through PDGF-D-mediated extracellular acidosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 310:C293-304. [PMID: 26157007 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00043.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Activation of β-platelet-derived growth factor receptor (β-PDGFR) is associated with prostate cancer (PCa) progression and recurrence after prostatectomy. Analysis of the β-PDGFR ligands in PCa revealed association between PDGF-D expression and Gleason score as well as tumor stage. During the course of studying the functional consequences of PDGF ligand-specific β-PDGFR signaling in PCa, we discovered a novel function of PDGF-D for activation/shedding of the serine protease matriptase leading to cell invasion, migration, and tumorigenesis. The present study showed that PDGF-D, not PDGF-B, induces extracellular acidification, which correlates with increased matriptase activation. A cDNA microarray analysis revealed that PDGF-D/β-PDGFR signaling upregulates expression of the acidosis regulator carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), a classic target of the transcriptional factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Cellular fractionation displayed a strong HIF-1α nuclear localization in PDGF-D-expressing cells. Treatment of vector control or PDGF-B-expressing cells with the HIF-1α activator CoCl2 led to increased CAIX expression accompanied by extracellular acidosis and matriptase activation. Furthermore, the analysis of the CAFTD cell lines, variants of the BPH-1 transformation model, showed that increased PDGF-D expression is associated with enhanced HIF-1α activity, CAIX induction, cellular acidosis, and matriptase shedding. Importantly, shRNA-mediated knockdown of CAIX expression effectively reversed extracellular acidosis and matriptase activation in PDGF-D-transfected BPH-1 cells and in CAFTD variants that express endogenous PDGF-D at a high level. Taken together, these novel findings reveal a new paradigm in matriptase activation involving PDGF-D-specific signal transduction leading to extracellular acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdo J Najy
- Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Gregory Dyson
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Bhanu P Jena
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan; and
| | - Chen-Yong Lin
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Hyeong-Reh C Kim
- Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan;
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Dargahi D, Swayze RD, Yee L, Bergqvist PJ, Hedberg BJ, Heravi-Moussavi A, Dullaghan EM, Dercho R, An J, Babcook JS, Jones SJ. A pan-cancer analysis of alternative splicing events reveals novel tumor-associated splice variants of matriptase. Cancer Inform 2014; 13:167-77. [PMID: 25506199 PMCID: PMC4259500 DOI: 10.4137/cin.s19435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput transcriptome sequencing allows identification of cancer-related changes that occur at the stages of transcription, pre-messenger RNA (mRNA), and splicing. In the current study, we devised a pipeline to predict novel alternative splicing (AS) variants from high-throughput transcriptome sequencing data and applied it to large sets of tumor transcriptomes from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We identified two novel tumor-associated splice variants of matriptase, a known cancer-associated gene, in the transcriptome data from epithelial-derived tumors but not normal tissue. Most notably, these variants were found in 69% of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) samples studied. We confirmed the expression of matriptase AS transcripts using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) in an orthogonal panel of tumor tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis confirmed surface expression of matriptase splice variants in chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transiently transfected with cDNA encoding the novel transcripts. Our findings further implicate matriptase in contributing to oncogenic processes and suggest potential novel therapeutic uses for matriptase splice variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryanaz Dargahi
- BC Cancer Agency, Genome Sciences Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. ; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Richard D Swayze
- Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leanna Yee
- Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Peter J Bergqvist
- Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bradley J Hedberg
- Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Edie M Dullaghan
- Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ryan Dercho
- Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jianghong An
- BC Cancer Agency, Genome Sciences Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John S Babcook
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. ; Center for Drug Research and Development (CDRD), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Steven Jm Jones
- BC Cancer Agency, Genome Sciences Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. ; Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
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Han Z, Harris PKW, Jones DE, Chugani R, Kim T, Agarwal M, Shen W, Wildman SA, Janetka JW. Inhibitors of HGFA, Matriptase, and Hepsin Serine Proteases: A Nonkinase Strategy to Block Cell Signaling in Cancer. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:1219-24. [PMID: 25408834 DOI: 10.1021/ml500254r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor activators (HGFA), matriptase, and hepsin are S1 family trypsin-like serine proteases. These proteases proteolytically cleave the single-chain zymogen precursors, pro-HGF (hepatocyte growth factor), and pro-MSP (macrophage stimulating protein) into active heterodimeric forms. HGF and MSP are activating ligands for the oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), c-MET and RON, respectively. We have discovered the first substrate-based ketothiazole inhibitors of HGFA, matriptase and hepsin. The compounds were synthesized using a combination of solution and solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). Compounds were tested for protease inhibition using a kinetic enzyme assay employing fluorogenic peptide substrates. Highlighted HGFA inhibitors are Ac-KRLR-kt (5g), Ac-SKFR-kt (6c), and Ac-SWLR-kt (6g) with K is = 12, 57, and 63 nM, respectively. We demonstrated that inhibitors block the conversion of native pro-HGF and pro-MSP by HGFA with equivalent potency. Finally, we show that inhibition causes a dose-dependent decrease of c-MET signaling in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. This preliminary investigation provides evidence that HGFA is a promising therapeutic target in breast cancer and other tumor types driven by c-MET and RON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfu Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Alvin J. Siteman
Cancer Center, and ‡Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Peter K. W. Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Alvin J. Siteman
Cancer Center, and ‡Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Darin E. Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Alvin J. Siteman
Cancer Center, and ‡Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Ryan Chugani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Alvin J. Siteman
Cancer Center, and ‡Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Tommy Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Alvin J. Siteman
Cancer Center, and ‡Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Manjula Agarwal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Alvin J. Siteman
Cancer Center, and ‡Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Alvin J. Siteman
Cancer Center, and ‡Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - Scott A. Wildman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Alvin J. Siteman
Cancer Center, and ‡Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
| | - James W. Janetka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Alvin J. Siteman
Cancer Center, and ‡Department of Medicine, Oncology Division, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States
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Wood MP, Cole AL, Eade CR, Chen LM, Chai KX, Cole AM. The HIV-1 gp41 ectodomain is cleaved by matriptase to produce a chemotactic peptide that acts through FPR2. Immunology 2014; 142:474-83. [PMID: 24617769 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several aspects of HIV-1 virulence and pathogenesis are mediated by the envelope protein gp41. Additionally, peptides derived from the gp41 ectodomain have been shown to induce chemotaxis in monocytes and neutrophils. Whereas this chemotactic activity has been reported, it is not known how these peptides could be produced under biological conditions. The heptad repeat 1 (HR1) region of gp41 is exposed to the extracellular environment and could therefore be susceptible to proteolytic processing into smaller peptides. Matriptase is a serine protease expressed at the surface of most epithelia, including the prostate and mucosal surfaces. Here, we present evidence that matriptase efficiently cleaves the HR1 portion of gp41 into a 22-residue chemotactic peptide MAT-1, the sequence of which is highly conserved across HIV-1 clades. We found that MAT-1 induced migration of primary neutrophils and monocytes, the latter of which act as a cellular reservoir of HIV during early stage infection. We then used formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) and FPR2 inhibitors, along with HEK 293 cells, to demonstrate that MAT-1 can induce chemotaxis specifically using FPR2, a receptor found on the surface of monocytes, macrophages and neutrophils. These findings are the first to identify a proteolytic cleavage product of gp41 with chemotactic activity and highlight a potential role for matriptase in HIV-1 transmission and infection at epithelial surfaces and within tissue reservoirs of HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Wood
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, USA
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Gray K, Elghadban S, Thongyoo P, Owen KA, Szabo R, Bugge TH, Tate EW, Leatherbarrow RJ, Ellis V. Potent and specific inhibition of the biological activity of the type-II transmembrane serine protease matriptase by the cyclic microprotein MCoTI-II. Thromb Haemost 2014; 112:402-11. [PMID: 24696092 DOI: 10.1160/th13-11-0895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Matriptase is a type-II transmembrane serine protease involved in epithelial homeostasis in both health and disease, and is implicated in the development and progression of a variety of cancers. Matriptase mediates its biological effects both via as yet undefined substrates and pathways, and also by proteolytic cleavage of a variety of well-defined protein substrates, several of which it shares with the closely-related protease hepsin. Development of targeted therapeutic strategies will require discrimination between these proteases. Here we have investigated cyclic microproteins of the squash Momordica cochinchinensis trypsin-inhibitor family (generated by total chemical synthesis) and found MCoTI-II to be a high-affinity (Ki 9 nM) and highly selective (> 1,000-fold) inhibitor of matriptase. MCoTI-II efficiently inhibited the proteolytic activation of pro-hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) by matriptase but not by hepsin, in both purified and cell-based systems, and inhibited HGF-dependent cell scattering. MCoTI-II also selectively inhibited the invasion of matriptase-expressing prostate cancer cells. Using a model of epithelial cell tight junction assembly, we also found that MCoTI-II could effectively inhibit the re-establishment of tight junctions and epithelial barrier function in MDCK-I cells after disruption, consistent with the role of matriptase in regulating epithelial integrity. Surprisingly, MCoTI-II was unable to inhibit matriptase-dependent proteolytic activation of prostasin, a GPI-anchored serine protease also implicated in epithelial homeostasis. These observations suggest that the unusually high selectivity afforded by MCoTI-II and its biological effectiveness might represent a useful starting point for the development of therapeutic inhibitors, and further highlight the role of matriptase in epithelial maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - V Ellis
- Vincent Ellis, PhD, School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK, Tel.: +44 1603 592570, E-mail:
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43
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Cheng MF, Huang MS, Lin CS, Lin LH, Lee HS, Jiang JC, Hsia KT. Expression of matriptase correlates with tumour progression and clinical prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Histopathology 2014; 65:24-34. [PMID: 24382204 DOI: 10.1111/his.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the relationship of matriptase expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) to clinicopathological characteristics, patient survival and cell-invasive properties. METHODS AND RESULTS Matriptase expression in OSCC was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining, and its relationship to clinicopathological features and outcomes was assessed statistically. The shRNA-mediated stable knockdown of matriptase in OSCC cells was used to analyse cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro. Matriptase immunostaining score was correlated with histopathological grade, clinical stage, positive lymph node and distant metastasis, and higher matriptase immunostaining score was associated significantly with poor prognosis. Elevated matriptase expression in oral cancer cell lines was a significant promoter of oral cancer cell migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Matriptase expression correlates with tumour progression and invasive capability in OSCC and may be an adverse prognostic marker for this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Fang Cheng
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Histological and Clinical Pathology, Hualien Armed Forced General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
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44
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Wu BY, Lee SP, Hsiao HC, Chiu H, Chen CY, Yeo YH, Lee HS, Chen YW, Kaul M, Kataoka H, Johnson MD, Wang JK, Lin CY. Matriptase expression and zymogen activation in human pilosebaceous unit. J Histochem Cytochem 2013; 62:50-9. [PMID: 24004857 DOI: 10.1369/0022155413505599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of human genetic disorders and mouse models reveal the important roles of matriptase in hair growth. Here, we investigate matriptase expression and zymogen activation in hair follicles. We show: 1) layer-dependent distribution patterns, with much higher matriptase expression in cells of the outer root sheath and matrix cells of the hair bulb than in cells of the inner root sheath; 2) cycle-dependent expression patterns, with matriptase expressed in the anagen and catagen phases of the hair lifecycle, but not in the telogen phase; 3) reduced expression of the matriptase inhibitor, HAI-1, in the catagen phase, suggesting increased proteolytic activity in this phase; and 4) definitive matriptase zymogen activation patterns, with the highest matriptase activation observed in matrix cells and outer root sheath cells in the isthmus/bulge region. In sebaceous glands, matriptase is highly expressed in basal and ductal cells, with much lower expression in the differentiated, lipid-filled cells of the interior. We also show that matriptase potently activates hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in vitro, and that the HGF receptor, c-Met, is co-expressed in those cells that express activated matriptase. Our observations suggest that the matriptase-HGF-c-MET pathway has the potential to be engaged, primarily in proliferative cells rather than terminally differentiated epithelial cells of the human pilosebaceous unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Yao Wu
- Department of Dermatology, (BYW), National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Colombo É, Désilets A, Duchêne D, Chagnon F, Najmanovich R, Leduc R, Marsault E. Design and synthesis of potent, selective inhibitors of matriptase. ACS Med Chem Lett 2012; 3:530-4. [PMID: 24900505 DOI: 10.1021/ml3000534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Matriptase is a member of the type II transmembrane serine protease family. Several studies have reported deregulated matriptase expression in several types of epithelial cancers, suggesting that matriptase constitutes a potential target for cancer therapy. We report herein a new series of slow, tight-binding inhibitors of matriptase, which mimic the P1-P4 substrate recognition sequence of the enzyme. Preliminary structure-activity relationships indicate that this benzothiazole-containing RQAR-peptidomimetic is a very potent inhibitor and possesses a good selectivity for matriptase versus other serine proteases. A molecular model was generated to elucidate the key contacts between inhibitor 1 and matriptase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éloïc Colombo
- Department
of Pharmacology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and
Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke PQ, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Antoine Désilets
- Department
of Pharmacology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and
Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke PQ, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Dominic Duchêne
- Department
of Pharmacology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and
Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke PQ, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Félix Chagnon
- Department
of Pharmacology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and
Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke PQ, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Rafael Najmanovich
- Department
of Pharmacology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and
Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke PQ, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Richard Leduc
- Department
of Pharmacology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and
Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke PQ, J1H5N4, Canada
| | - Eric Marsault
- Department
of Pharmacology and ‡Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and
Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke PQ, J1H5N4, Canada
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Netzel-Arnett S, Buzza MS, Shea-Donohue T, Désilets A, Leduc R, Fasano A, Bugge TH, Antalis TM. Matriptase protects against experimental colitis and promotes intestinal barrier recovery. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012; 18:1303-14. [PMID: 22081509 PMCID: PMC3288858 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matriptase is a membrane-anchored serine protease encoded by suppression of tumorigenicity-14 (ST14) that is required for epithelial barrier homeostasis. However, its functional role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is unexplored. METHODS Matriptase expression in control, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis tissue specimens was studied by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunostaining. Matriptase function was investigated by subjecting St14 hypomorphic and control littermates to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis and by siRNA silencing in cultured monolayers. Mice were analyzed for clinical, histological, molecular, and cellular effects. RESULTS Matriptase protein and ST14 mRNA levels are significantly downregulated in inflamed colonic tissues from Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients. Matriptase-deficient St14 hypomorphic mice administered DSS for 7 days followed by water without DSS for 3 days develop a severe colitis, with only 30% of the St14 hypomorphic mice surviving to day 14, compared with 100% of control littermates. Persistent colitis in surviving St14 hypomorphic mice was associated with sustained cytokine production, an inability to recover barrier integrity, and enhanced claudin-2 expression. Cytokines implicated in barrier disruption during IBD suppress matriptase expression in T84 epithelial monolayers and restoration of matriptase improves barrier integrity in the cytokine-perturbed monolayers. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate a critical role for matriptase in restoring barrier function to injured intestinal mucosa during colitis, which is suppressed by excessive activation of the immune system. Strategies to enhance matriptase-mediated barrier recovery could be important for intervening in the cycle of inflammation associated with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Netzel-Arnett
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Marguerite S. Buzza
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Terez Shea-Donohue
- Mucosal Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Antoine Désilets
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Richard Leduc
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Mucosal Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Thomas H. Bugge
- Proteases and Tissue Remodeling Section, National Institute of Dental and Cranofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Toni M. Antalis
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada,Corresponding author: Toni M. Antalis Ph.D., The Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 800 West Baltimore St, Baltimore MD 21201 USA. Ph: 410 706 8222; Fax: 410 706 8121;
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Matriptase, a type II transmembrane serine protease, has been linked to initiation and promotion of epidermal carcinogenesis in a murine model, suggesting that deregulation of its role in epithelia contributes to transformation. In human prostate cancer, matriptase expression correlates with progression. It is therefore of interest to determine how matriptase may contribute to epithelial neoplastic progression. One approach for studying this is to identify potential matriptase substrates involved in epithelial integrity and/or transformation like the extracellular matrix macromolecule, laminin-332 (Ln-332), which is found in the basement membrane of many epithelia, including prostate. Proteolytic processing of Ln-332 regulates cell motility of both normal and transformed cells, which has implications in cancer progression. METHODS In vitro cleavage experiments were performed with purified Ln-332 protein and matriptase. Western blotting, enzyme inhibition assays, and mass spectrometry were used to confirm cleavage events. Matriptase overexpressing LNCaP prostate cancer cells were generated and included in Transwell migration assays and single cell motility assays, along with other prostate cells. RESULTS We report that matriptase proteolytically cleaves Ln-332 in the β3 chain. Substrate specificity was confirmed by blocking cleavage with the matriptase inhibitor, Kunitz domain-1. Transwell migration assays showed that DU145 cell motility was significantly enhanced when plated on matriptase-cleaved Ln-332. Similarly, Transwell migration of matriptase-overexpressing LNCaP cells was significantly increased on Ln-332 and, as determined by live single-cell microscopy, two motility parameters of this cell line, speed and directional persistence, were also higher. CONCLUSIONS Proteolytic processing of Ln-332 by matriptase enhances speed and directional persistence of prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Tripathi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Alka A. Potdar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hironobu Yamashita
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Brandy Weidow
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Peter T. Cummings
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - Daniel Kirchhofer
- Department of Protein Engineering, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Vito Quaranta
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Correspondence to: Vito Quaranta, MD, Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 771 Preston Research Building, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-6840.,
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Abstract
Iron, an essential element for life, is regulated primarily at the level of uptake, storage, and transport in order to maintain sufficient availability for normal physiology. The key protein in iron homeostasis is a 25-amino-acid peptide, hepcidin, which modulates the amount of iron in the circulation by binding and promoting the degradation of the iron exporter ferroportin. Given the central importance of hepcidin, recent studies have focused on how iron is sensed and how the iron signal is transmitted to hepcidin. Mutations in a type II serine protease, matriptase-2/TMPRSS6, were recently identified to be associated with severe iron deficiency caused by inappropriately high levels of hepcidin expression. A key biologically relevant substrate for the proteolytic activity of matriptase-2/TMPRSS6 was found to be hemojuvelin, a cell surface protein that regulates hepcidin expression through a BMP/SMAD pathway. In this review, we discuss the putative role of matriptase-2/TMPRSS6 in iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Lee
- Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
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