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Lin Y, Ma L, Dan H, Chen G, Dai J, Xu L, Liu Y. MiR-107-3p Knockdown Alleviates Endothelial Injury in Sepsis via Kallikrein-Related Peptidase 5. J Surg Res 2023; 292:264-274. [PMID: 37666089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endothelial injury is a major characteristic of sepsis and contributes to sepsis-induced multiple-organ dysfunction. In this study, we investigated the role of miR-107-3p in sepsis-induced endothelial injury. METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to 20 μg/mL of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 6-48 h. The levels of miR-107-3p and kallikrein-related peptidase 5 (KLK5) were examined. HUVECs were treated with LPS for 12 h and subsequently transfected with miR-107-3p inhibitor, KLK5 siRNA, or cotransfected with KLK5 siRNA and miR-107-3p inhibitor/negative control inhibitor. Cell survival, apoptosis, invasion, cell permeability, inflammatory response, and the Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor κB signaling were evaluated. In addition, the relationship between miR-107-3p and KLK5 expression was predicted and verified. RESULTS LPS significantly elevated miR-107-3p levels, which peaked at 12 h. Conversely, the KLK5 level was lower in the LPS group than in the control group and was lowest at 12 h. MiR-107-3p knockdown significantly attenuated reductions in cell survival and invasion, apoptosis promotion, hyperpermeability and inflammation induction, and activation of the NF-κB signaling caused by LPS. KLK5 knockdown had the opposite effect. Additionally, KLK5 was demonstrated as a target of miR-107-3p. MiR-107-3p knockdown partially reversed the effects of KLK5 depletion in LPS-activated HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that miR-107-3p knockdown may protect against sepsis-induced endothelial cell injury by targeting KLK5. This study identified a novel therapeutic target for sepsis-induced endothelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Dongxihu District, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Ma
- Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanliang Dan
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Dongxihu District, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of ICU, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Dai
- Department of ICU, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of ICU, Wuhan Wuchang Hospital, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.
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Jackman JK, Stockwell A, Choy DF, Xie MM, Lu P, Jia G, Li H, Abbas AR, Bronson PG, Lin WY, Chiu CPC, Maun HR, Roose-Girma M, Tam L, Zhang J, Modrusan Z, Graham RR, Behrens TW, White SR, Naureckas T, Ober C, Ferreira M, Sedlacek R, Wu J, Lee WP, Lazarus RA, Koerber JT, Arron JR, Yaspan BL, Yi T. Genome-wide association study identifies kallikrein 5 in type 2 inflammation-low asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:972-978.e7. [PMID: 35487308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical studies of type 2 (T2) cytokine-related neutralizing antibodies in asthma have identified a substantial subset of patients with low levels of T2 inflammation who do not benefit from T2 cytokine neutralizing antibody treatment. Non type 2 mechanisms are poorly understood in asthma but represent the redefined unmet medical need. OBJECTIVE To gain understanding of the genetic contribution to T2-low asthma. METHODS We utilized an unbiased genome-wide association study (GWAS) of moderate-severe asthma patients stratified by T2 serum biomarker periostin. We also performed additional expression and biological analysis for the top genetic hit. RESULTS This analysis identified a novel protective SNP at chr19q13.41 which is selectively associated with T2-low asthma and establishes KLK5 as the causal gene mediating this association. Heterozygous carriers of the SNP have reduced KLK5 expression. KLK5 is secreted by human bronchial epithelial cells and elevated in asthma bronchial alveolar lavage. T2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 downregulate KLK5 in human bronchial epithelial cells. KLK5, dependent on its catalytic function, induces epithelial chemokine/cytokine expression. Lastly, overexpression of KLK5 in airway, or lack of an endogenous KLK5 inhibitor, SPINK5, leads to spontaneous airway neutrophilic inflammation. CONCLUSION Our data identifies KLK5 as the causal gene at a novel locus at chr19q13.41 associated with T2-low asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet K Jackman
- Department of Immunology Discovery, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - Amy Stockwell
- Department of Human Genetics, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - David F Choy
- Department of Biomarker Discovery OMNI, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - Markus M Xie
- Department of Immunology Discovery, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - Peipei Lu
- Department of Immunology Discovery, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - Guiquan Jia
- Department of Biomarker Discovery OMNI, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Protein Chemistry, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - Alexander R Abbas
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, South San Francisco, Calif
| | | | - Wei-Yu Lin
- Department of Antibody Engineering, South San Francisco, Calif
| | | | - Henry R Maun
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, South San Francisco, Calif
| | | | - Lucinda Tam
- Department of Molecular Biology, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Translational Immunology, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics and Next Generation Sequencing, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, Calif
| | | | | | - Steven R White
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Chicago, Ill
| | - Ted Naureckas
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Chicago, Ill
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | - Manuel Ferreira
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Herston, Australia
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Labortory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jiansheng Wu
- Department of Protein Chemistry, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - Wyne P Lee
- Department of Translational Immunology, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - Robert A Lazarus
- Department of Early Discovery Biochemistry, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - James T Koerber
- Department of Antibody Engineering, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - Joseph R Arron
- Department of Immunology Discovery, South San Francisco, Calif
| | - Brian L Yaspan
- Department of Human Genetics, South San Francisco, Calif.
| | - Tangsheng Yi
- Department of Immunology Discovery, South San Francisco, Calif.
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Zhang J, Jiang P, Sheng L, Liu Y, Liu Y, Li M, Tao M, Hu L, Wang X, Yang Y, Xu Y, Liu W. Corrigendum: A Novel Mechanism of Carvedilol Efficacy for Rosacea Treatment: Toll-Like Receptor 2 Inhibition in Macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:881277. [PMID: 35371112 PMCID: PMC8964351 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.881277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peiyu Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunyi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Tao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanjing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Zingkou E, Pampalakis G, Sotiropoulou G. Cocktails of KLK5 Protease Inhibitors and Anti-TNFα Therapeutics: an Effective Treatment for Netherton Syndrome. J Clin Immunol 2022. [PMID: 35040012 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-021-01195-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Netherton syndrome (NS) is a rare, severe type of ichthyosis, often lethal in neonates, for which there is no therapy. Spink5-/- mice recapitulate major NS hallmarks and die homogeneously within 5 h from birth due to severe epidermal barrier defect leading to dehydration. Spink5-/-Klk5-/- mice survive neonatal lethality, indicating that KLK5 could be a drug target for NS. Nevertheless, after a week, these mice developed epidermal inflammation and signs of barrier defect leading to lethality. Here we tested whether anti-TNFα strategy in combination with anti-KLK5 could provide a long-term effective therapy for NS. Deletion of Tnfa in Spink5-/- suppressed the inflammatory phenotype but did not rescue neonatal lethality of Spink5-/- indicating that anti-TNFα therapy alone would not be sufficient to treat NS. Interestingly, in Spink5-/-Klk5-/-Tnfa-/- mice, NS features were rescued, and mice lived normally for 16-18 months. For the first time, evidence is provided that a combination of anti-TNFα and anti-KLK5 therapeutics represents an effective therapeutic strategy for NS. Notably, anti-TNFα factors are marketed and used widely, while LMW KLK5 inhibitors are being developed.
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da Silva EZM, Fraga-Silva TFDC, Yuan Y, Alves MG, Publio GA, da Fonseca CK, Kodama MH, Vieira GV, Candido MF, Innocentini LMAR, Miranda MG, da Silva AR, Alves-Filho JC, Bonato VLD, Iglesias-Bartolome R, Sales KU. Kallikrein 5 Inhibition by the Lympho-Epithelial Kazal-Type Related Inhibitor Hinders Matriptase-Dependent Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174395. [PMID: 34503205 PMCID: PMC8431081 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma remains challenging to treat with no improvement in survival rates over the past 50 years. Thus, there is an urgent need to discover more reliable therapeutic targets and biomarkers for HNSCC. Matriptase, a type-II transmembrane serine protease, induces malignant transformation in epithelial stem cells through proteolytic activation of pro-HGF and PAR-2, triggering PI3K-AKT-mTOR and NFKB signaling. The serine protease inhibitor lympho-epithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor (LEKTI) inhibits the matriptase-driven proteolytic pathway, directly blocking kallikreins in epithelial differentiation. Hence, we hypothesized LEKTI could inhibit matriptase-dependent squamous cell carcinogenesis, thus implicating kallikreins in this process. Double-transgenic mice with simultaneous expression of matriptase and LEKTI under the keratin-5 promoter showed a prominent rescue of K5-Matriptase+/0 premalignant phenotype. Notably, in DMBA-induced SCC, heterotopic co-expression of LEKTI and matriptase delayed matriptase-driven tumor incidence and progression. Co-expression of LEKTI reverted altered Kallikrein-5 expression observed in the skin of K5-Matriptase+/0 mice, indicating that matriptase-dependent proteolytic pathway inhibition by LEKTI occurs through kallikreins. Moreover, we showed that Kallikrein-5 is necessary for PAR-2-mediated IL-8 release, YAP1-TAZ/TEAD activation, and matriptase-mediated oral squamous cell carcinoma migration. Collectively, our data identify a third signaling pathway for matriptase-dependent carcinogenesis in vivo. These findings are critical for the identification of more reliable biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets in Head and Neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Zayas Marcelino da Silva
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Thais Fernanda de Campos Fraga-Silva
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (T.F.d.C.F.-S.); (V.L.D.B.)
| | - Yao Yuan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.Y.); (R.I.-B.)
| | - Márcia Gaião Alves
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Gabriel Azevedo Publio
- Departament of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (G.A.P.); (J.C.A.-F.)
| | - Carol Kobori da Fonseca
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Márcio Hideki Kodama
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Gabriel Viliod Vieira
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Marina Ferreira Candido
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini
- Dentistry and Stomatology Division, Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology, and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Clinical Hospital of Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Mateus Gonçalves Miranda
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
| | - Alfredo Ribeiro da Silva
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Jose Carlos Alves-Filho
- Departament of Pharmacology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (G.A.P.); (J.C.A.-F.)
| | - Vania Luiza Deperon Bonato
- Basic and Applied Immunology Program, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (T.F.d.C.F.-S.); (V.L.D.B.)
| | - Ramiro Iglesias-Bartolome
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (Y.Y.); (R.I.-B.)
| | - Katiuchia Uzzun Sales
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (E.Z.M.d.S.); (M.G.A.); (C.K.d.F.); (M.H.K.); (G.V.V.); (M.F.C.); (M.G.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-9113
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Kim J, Kim MG, Jeong SH, Kim HJ, Son SW. STAT3 maintains skin barrier integrity by modulating SPINK5 and KLK5 expression in keratinocytes. Exp Dermatol 2021; 31:223-232. [PMID: 34378233 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Skin barrier dysfunction induces skin inflammation. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is known to be involved in Th17-mediated immune responses and barrier integrity in the cornea and intestine; however, its role in the skin barrier remains largely unknown. In this study, we elucidated the potential role of STAT3 in the skin barrier and its effect on kallikrein-related peptidase 5 (KLK5) and serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 5 (SPINK5) expression using a mouse model with keratinocyte-specific ablation of STAT3. Keratinocyte-specific loss of STAT3 induced a cutaneous inflammatory phenotype with pruritus and intense scratching behaviour in mice. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the genes associated with impaired skin barrier function, including KLK5, were upregulated. The effect of STAT3 on KLK5 expression in keratinocytes was not only substantiated by the increase in KLK5 expression following treatment with STAT3 siRNA but also by its decreased expression following STAT3 overexpression. Overexpression and IL-17A-mediated stimulation of STAT3 increased the expression of SPINK5, which was blocked by STAT3 siRNA. These results suggest that the expression of SPINK5 and KLK5 in keratinocytes could be dependent on STAT3 and that STAT3 might play an essential role in the maintenance of skin barrier homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyung Kim
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Gyu Kim
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Jeong
- Medical Science Research Center, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Gyeonggi, Korea
| | - Hee Joo Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sang Wook Son
- BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Dermatology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Zhang J, Jiang P, Sheng L, Liu Y, Liu Y, Li M, Tao M, Hu L, Wang X, Yang Y, Xu Y, Liu W. A Novel Mechanism of Carvedilol Efficacy for Rosacea Treatment: Toll-Like Receptor 2 Inhibition in Macrophages. Front Immunol 2021; 12:609615. [PMID: 34322115 PMCID: PMC8311793 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.609615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rosacea, a chronic inflammatory skin disorder etiologically associated with immune cells and the antibacterial peptide cathelicidin LL-37, can be effectively treated by oral carvedilol administration. Objective To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying carvedilol efficacy in rosacea treatment. Methods Skin samples of patients with rosacea were subjected to histopathological (hematoxylin and eosin) and immunohistochemical (CD68, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), kallikrein 5, cathelicidin, TNF-α, and IL-1β) evaluation. An in vivo murine rosacea-like inflammation model was established by LL-37 intradermal injection with or without carvedilol gavage-based pretreatment. Erythema proportion (Image J) and skin redness (L*a*b colorimetry) were quantified. Murine skin samples underwent pathological examination for inflammatory status and immunofluorescence staining. Murine skin and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells with or without carvedilol pretreatment were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Clinical facial images of patients were obtained using the VISIA skin analysis system before, 4, and 6 months following oral carvedilol administration. Results Rosacea skin lesions exhibited more pronounced inflammatory cell infiltration than peripheral areas, with profound macrophage infiltration and inflammatory cytokines (TLR2, kallikrein 5, cathelicidin, TNF-α, and IL-1β). In vivo, carvedilol alleviated inflammation in LL-37 mice, down-regulating TLR2, KLK5, and cathelicidin expression. In vitro, carvedilol decreased TLR2 expression in RAW 264.7 cells, further reducing KLK5 secretion and LL-37 expression and ultimately inhibiting rosacea-like inflammatory reactions. Clinical manifestations and facial redness obviously improved during 6-month follow-up with systemic carvedilol administration. Conclusion Carvedilol is effective against rosacea, with inhibition of macrophage TLR2 expression as a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peiyu Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Sheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunyi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Tao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanjing Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Schiffmann S, Gunne S, Henke M, Ulshöfer T, Steinhilber D, Sethmann A, Parnham MJ. Sodium Bituminosulfonate Used to Treat Rosacea Modulates Generation of Inflammatory Mediators by Primary Human Neutrophils. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2569-2582. [PMID: 34163212 PMCID: PMC8215909 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s313636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sodium bituminosulfonate is derived from naturally occurring sulphur-rich oil shale and is used for the treatment of the inflammatory skin disease rosacea. Major molecular players in the development of rosacea include the release of enzymes that process antimicrobial peptides which, together with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), promote pro-inflammatory processes and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to address the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the therapeutic benefit of the formulation sodium bituminosulfonate dry substance (SBDS), which is indicated for the treatment of skin inflammation, including rosacea. Methods We investigated whether SBDS regulates the expression of cytokines, the release of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37, calcium mobilization, proteases (matrix metalloproteinase, elastase, kallikrein (KLK)5), VEGF or ROS in primary human neutrophils. In addition, activity assays with 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and recombinant human MMP9 and KLK5 were performed. Results We observed that SBDS reduces the release of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37, calcium, elastase, ROS and VEGF from neutrophils. Moreover, KLK5, the enzyme that converts cathelicidin to LL-37, and 5-LO that produces leukotriene (LT)A4, the precursor of LTB4, were both inhibited by SBDS with an IC50 of 7.6 µg/mL and 33 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion Since LTB4 induces LL-37 which, in turn, promotes increased intracellular calcium levels and thereby, ROS/VEGF/elastase release, SBDS possibly regulates the LTB4/LL-37/calcium – ROS/VEGF/elastase axis by inhibiting 5-LO and KLK5. Additional direct effects on other pro-inflammatory pathways such as ROS generation cannot be ruled out. In summary, SBDS reduces the generation of inflammatory mediators from human neutrophils possibly accounting for its anti-inflammatory effects in rosacea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Schiffmann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany.,Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, 60590, Germany
| | - Sandra Gunne
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany.,Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, 60590, Germany
| | - Marina Henke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany
| | - Thomas Ulshöfer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany
| | - Annette Sethmann
- ICHTHYOL-GESELLSCHAFT Cordes, Hermanni & Co. (GmbH & Co.) KG, Hamburg, 22335, Germany
| | - Michael J Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Frankfurt am Main, 60596, Germany
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Gong W, Liu Y, Diamandis EP, Kiechle M, Bronger H, Dorn J, Dreyer T, Magdolen V. Prognostic value of kallikrein-related peptidase 7 (KLK7) mRNA expression in advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2020; 13:125. [PMID: 33087135 PMCID: PMC7579813 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common and lethal subtype of ovarian cancer. A growing body of evidence suggests tumor-supporting roles of several members of the kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK) family, including KLK5 and KLK7, in this cancer subtype. In normal physiology, KLK5 and KLK7 are the major proteases involved in skin desquamation. Moreover, in several cancer types KLK5 and KLK7 co-expression has been observed. Recently, we have shown that elevated KLK5 mRNA levels are associated with an unfavorable prognosis in HGSOC. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of KLK7 mRNA expression and to explore its relation to KLK5 levels in HGSOC. METHODS mRNA expression levels of KLK7 were quantified by qPCR in a well-characterized patient cohort afflicted with advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer (FIGO III/IV, n = 139). Previously determined KLK5 mRNA as well as KLK5 and KLK7 antigen concentrations were used to evaluate the relationship between the expression patterns of both factors on the mRNA as well as protein level in tumor tissue of HGSOC patients. RESULTS There were strong, significant positive correlations between KLK5 and KLK7 both at the mRNA and the protein level, suggesting coordinate expression of these proteases in HGSOC. In univariate analyses, elevated KLK7 levels as well as the combination of KLK5 + KLK7 (high and/or high versus low/low) were significantly associated with worse progression-free survival (PFS). High mRNA expression levels of KLK7 and the combination of KLK5 and KLK7 showed a trend towards significance for overall survival (OS). In multivariate analyses, KLK7 mRNA expression represented an unfavorable, statistically significant independent predictor for PFS and OS. CONCLUSIONS The findings imply that both increased KLK5 and KLK7 mRNA expression levels represent unfavorable prognostic biomarkers in advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer, whereby multivariate analyses indicate that KLK7 mRNA exhibits a stronger predictive value as compared to KLK5 mRNA and the combination of KLK5 and KLK7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Gong
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyang Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany.,Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marion Kiechle
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Holger Bronger
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Dorn
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Dreyer
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Viktor Magdolen
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, D-81675, Munich, Germany.
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Bohannon M, Liu M, Nadeau P, Talton J, Gibson D, Datta S, Schultz G, Talton J, De Benedetto A. Topical doxycycline monohydrate hydrogel 1% targeting proteases/PAR2 pathway is a novel therapeutic for atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:1171-1175. [PMID: 32997843 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is characterized by skin barrier disruption and an aberrant immune response. Doxycycline is tetracycline antibiotics broadly used systemically to treat inflammatory dermatologic conditions. Several studies have shown doxycycline has anti-inflammatory and pro-healing properties, mainly by blocking tissue proteolytic activity. It is our hypothesis that daily application of a novel doxycycline topical formulation in AD subjects will reduce severity of the disease, by blocking cutaneous proteases activity and restoring skin barrier function and inflammation. To test this hypothesis, we performed a proof of concept, open-label clinical study. Subjects enrolled in the study (n = 15) applied NanoDOX® Hydrogel 1% daily for 4 weeks on a chosen eczematous area. Investigational drug was well tolerated, and no local or systemic adverse events due to investigational drug were reported. Notably, a significant clinical improvement was observed based on a modified Eczema Area & Severity Index (EASI) score of the treated area from start of treatment to 14 and 28 days post-treatment (P < .001). A significant improvement of pruritus was also observed (P = .02). This proof of concept clinical trial is first to explore the impact of a non-systemic doxycycline treatment on AD patients. Our results provide evidence to investigate novel AD treatment strategies targeting cutaneous proteases activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Bohannon
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mingjin Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Public Health and Health Professions and School of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Peter Nadeau
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Daniel Gibson
- Institute for Wound Research, College of Medicine University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Susmita Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, Public Health and Health Professions and School of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Gregory Schultz
- Institute for Wound Research, College of Medicine University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Anna De Benedetto
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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11
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Zingkou E, Pampalakis G, Sotiropoulou G. Cathelicidin represents a new target for manipulation of skin inflammation in Netherton syndrome. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165831. [PMID: 32442469 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Netherton syndrome (NS) is a severe ichthyosis caused by inactivating mutations in the SPINK5 gene encoding the serine protease inhibitor LEKTI. Spink5-/- mice recapitulate NS and die perinatally from extensive dehydration as a result of a severe defect of the epidermal barrier. We showed that deletion of Klk5 in Spink5-/- rescues neonatal lethality (Furio et al., 2015). However, Spink5-/-Klk5-/- mice developed skin shedding and inflammation during the first week from birth and the majority (70%) succumbed on P7. The remaining mice lived short (i.e. mean survival was 5 months) indicating alternative inflammatory pathways. Since cathelicidin is increased in Spink5-/- epidermis, we investigated whether it could be implicated in NS pathology. Ablation of Camp in Spink5-/- suppressed epidermal inflammation and restored abnormal epidermal differentiation, nevertheless, it failed to inhibit overdesquamation and Spink5-/-Camp-/- succumbed perinatally due to skin barrier defect, similarly to Spink5-/-. Joint invalidation of Klk5 and Camp significantly extended survival of Spink5-/-Klk5-/-Camp-/- mice. We provide evidence that cathelicidin is implicated in NS-associated skin inflammation in vivo. Therefore, marketed products that are known to reduce cathelicidin expression could be repurposed for the management of NS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Zingkou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Georgios Pampalakis
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Georgia Sotiropoulou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion, Patras 26504, Greece.
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12
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Lu J, Shi Q, Zhang L, Wu J, Lou Y, Qian J, Zhang B, Wang S, Wang H, Zhao X, Han B. Integrated Transcriptome Analysis Reveals KLK5 and L1CAM Predict Response to Anlotinib in NSCLC at 3rd Line. Front Oncol 2019; 9:886. [PMID: 31572680 PMCID: PMC6749025 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) anlotinib is effective for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in clinical trials at 3rd line. However, a fraction of patients remains non-responsive, raising the need of how to identify anlotinib-responsive patients. In the present study, we aimed to screen potential biomarkers for anlotinib-responsive stratification via integrated transcriptome analysis. Comparing with the anlotinib-sensitive lung cancer cell NCI-H1975, we found 1,315 genes were differentially expressed in anlotinib-resistant NCI-H1975 cells. Among the enriched angiogenesis-related genes, we observed high expression of KLK5 and L1CAM was mostly associated with poor clinical outcomes in NSCLC patients through Kaplan-Meier survival analysis in a TCGA cohort. Moreover, an independent validation in a cohort of ALTER0303 (NCT02388919) indicated that high serum levels of KLK5 and L1CAM were also associated with poor anlotinib response in NSCLC patients at 3rd line. Lastly, we demonstrated that knockdown of KLK5 and L1CAM increases anlotinib-induced cytotoxicity in anlotinib-resistant NCI-H1975 cells. Collectively, our study suggested serum levels of KLK5 and L1CAM potentially serve as biomarkers for anlotinib-responsive stratification in NSCLC patients at 3rd line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Shi
- Department of Oncology, Baoshan Branch of Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Lou
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Qian
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyuan Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baohui Han
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Gong W, Liu Y, Seidl C, Diamandis EP, Kiechle M, Drecoll E, Kotzsch M, Magdolen V, Dorn J. Quantitative assessment and clinical relevance of kallikrein-related peptidase 5 mRNA expression in advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:696. [PMID: 31307411 PMCID: PMC6631576 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5901-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In ovarian cancer, dysregulation of mRNA expression of several components of the family of the kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) is observed. In this study, we have analyzed the KLK5 mRNA expression pattern in tumor tissue of patients suffering from high-grade serous ovarian cancer stage FIGO III/IV. Moreover, we have correlated the KLK5 mRNA levels with clinical outcome. Methods We assessed the mRNA expression levels of KLK5 in tumor tissue of 138 patients using quantitative PCR (qPCR). The mRNA levels were correlated with KLK5 antigen tumor tissue levels measured by ELISA (available for 41 of the 138 patients), established clinical features as well as patients’ outcome, using Chi-square-tests, Mann-Whitney U-tests and Spearman rank calculations as well as Cox regression models, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the log-rank test. Results A highly significant correlation between the mRNA expression levels and protein levels of KLK5 in tumor tissues was observed (rs = 0.683, p < 0.001). In univariate Cox regression analysis, elevated KLK5 mRNA expression was remarkably associated with reduced progression-free survival (PFS; p = 0.047), but not with overall survival (OS). Association of KLK5 mRNA expression with PFS was validated in silico using The Cancer Genome Atlas. For this, Affymetrix-based mRNA data (n = 377) were analyzed applying the Kaplan-Meier Plotter tool (p = 0.027). In multivariable Cox analysis, KLK5 mRNA values revealed a trend towards statistical significance for PFS (p = 0.095), whereas residual tumor mass (0 mm vs. > 0 mm), but not ascites fluid volume (≤500 ml vs. > 500 ml), remained an independent indicator for both OS and PFS (p < 0.001, p = 0.005, respectively). Conclusions These results obtained with a homogenous patient group with all patients suffering from advanced high-grade serous ovarian cancer support previous results suggesting elevated KLK5 mRNA levels as an unfavorable marker in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Gong
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yueyang Liu
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christof Seidl
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marion Kiechle
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Enken Drecoll
- Department of Institute of Pathology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Viktor Magdolen
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Julia Dorn
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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14
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Walker AL, Bingham RP, Edgar EV, Ferrie A, Holmes DS, Liddle J, Polyakova O, Rella M, Smith KJ, Thorpe JH, Wang Y, White GV, Young RJ, Hovnanian A. Structure guided drug design to develop kallikrein 5 inhibitors to treat Netherton syndrome. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1454-1458. [PMID: 31005442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The connection between Netherton syndrome and overactivation of epidermal/dermal proteases particularly KLK5 has been well established. To treat sufferers of this severe condition we wished to develop a topical KLK5 inhibitor in order to normalise epidermal shedding and reduce the associated inflammation and itching. In this paper we describe structure-based optimisation of a series of brightly coloured weak KLK5 inhibitors into colourless, non-irritant molecules with good KLK5 activity and selectivity over a range of serine proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann L Walker
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK.
| | - Ryan P Bingham
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Emma V Edgar
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Alan Ferrie
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Duncan S Holmes
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - John Liddle
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Oxana Polyakova
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Monika Rella
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Kathrine J Smith
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - James H Thorpe
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Yichen Wang
- INSERM UMR1163 Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and Université Paris Descarte - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Gemma V White
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Robert J Young
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Alain Hovnanian
- INSERM UMR1163 Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and Université Paris Descarte - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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15
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White GV, Edgar EV, Holmes DS, Lewell XQ, Liddle J, Polyakova O, Smith KJ, Thorpe JH, Walker AL, Wang Y, Young RJ, Hovnanian A. Kallikrein 5 inhibitors identified through structure based drug design in search for a treatment for Netherton Syndrome. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:821-825. [PMID: 30691925 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Netherton syndrome (NS) is a rare and debilitating severe autosomal recessive genetic skin disease with high mortality rates particularly in neonates. NS is caused by loss-of-function SPINK5 mutations leading to unregulated kallikrein 5 (KLK5) and kallikrein 7 (KLK7) activity. Furthermore, KLK5 inhibition has been proposed as a potential therapeutic treatment for NS. Identification of potent and selective KLK5 inhibitors would enable further exploration of the disease biology and could ultimately lead to a treatment for NS. This publication describes how fragmentation of known trypsin-like serine protease (TLSP) inhibitors resulted in the identification of a series of phenolic amidine-based KLK5 inhibitors 1. X-ray crystallography was used to find alternatives to the phenol interaction leading to identification of carbonyl analogues such as lactam 13 and benzimidazole 15. These reversible inhibitors, with selectivity over KLK1 (10-100 fold), provided novel starting points for the guided growth towards suitable tool molecules for the exploration of KLK5 biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma V White
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK.
| | - Emma V Edgar
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Duncan S Holmes
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Xiao Qing Lewell
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - John Liddle
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Oxana Polyakova
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Kathrine J Smith
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - James H Thorpe
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Ann L Walker
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Yichen Wang
- INSERM UMR1163 Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Robert J Young
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Alain Hovnanian
- INSERM UMR1163 Laboratory of Genetic Skin Diseases, Imagine Institute and Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Nargis T, Kumar K, Ghosh AR, Sharma A, Rudra D, Sen D, Chakrabarti S, Mukhopadhyay S, Ganguly D, Chakrabarti P. KLK5 induces shedding of DPP4 from circulatory Th17 cells in type 2 diabetes. Mol Metab 2017; 6:1529-1539. [PMID: 29107298 PMCID: PMC5681279 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing plasma levels and activity of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4 or CD26) are associated with rapid progression of metabolic syndrome to overt type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While DPP4 inhibitors are increasingly used as anti-hyperglycemic agents, the reason for the increase in plasma DPP4 activity in T2DM patients remains elusive. METHODS We looked into the source of plasma DPP4 activity in a cohort of 135 treatment naive nonobese (BMI < 30) T2DM patients. A wide array of ex vivo, in vitro, and in silico methods were employed to study enzyme activity, gene expression, subcellular localization, protease identification, surface expression, and protein-protein interactions. RESULTS We show that circulating immune cells, particularly CD4+ T cells, served as an important source for the increase in plasma DPP4 activity in T2DM. Moreover, we found kallikrein-related peptidase 5 (KLK5) as the enzyme responsible for cleaving DPP4 from the cell surface by directly interacting with the extracellular loop. Expression and secretion of KLK5 is induced in CD4+ T cells of T2DM patients. In addition, KLK5 shed DPP4 from circulating CD4+ T helper (Th)17 cells and shed it into the plasma of T2DM patients. Similar cleavage and shedding activities were not seen in controls. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides mechanistic insights into the molecular interaction between KLK5 and DPP4 as well as CD4+ T cell derived KLK5 mediated enzymatic cleavage of DPP4 from cell surface. Thus, our study uncovers a hitherto unknown cellular source and mechanism behind enhanced plasma DPP4 activity in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titli Nargis
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Krishna Kumar
- Division of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Amrit Raj Ghosh
- Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Amit Sharma
- Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dipayan Rudra
- Academy of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Debrup Sen
- Zoology Department, Vidyasagar College, Kolkata, India
| | - Saikat Chakrabarti
- Division of Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Satinath Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India
| | - Dipyaman Ganguly
- Division of Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.
| | - Partha Chakrabarti
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India.
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17
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Dorn J, Yassouridis A, Walch A, Diamandis EP, Schmitt M, Kiechle M, Wang P, Drecoll E, Schmalfeldt B, Loessner D, Kotzsch M, Magdolen V. Assessment of kallikrein-related peptidase 5 ( KLK5) protein expression in tumor tissue of advanced ovarian cancer patients by immunohistochemistry and ELISA: correlation with clinical outcome. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 6:61-70. [PMID: 27073723 PMCID: PMC4759397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the human kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK) family, including KLK5, have been reported to play an important role in ovarian cancer progression. In the present study, we assessed KLK5 protein expression in ovarian cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and ELISA, and analyzed its association with clinicopathologic parameters and disease outcome in 95 patients with advanced ovarian cancer FIGO stage III/IV. KLK5 immunoexpression was evaluated in ovarian cancer tissue microarrays by IHC using a manual semiquantitative scoring system. KLK5 antigen levels were determined in ovarian cancer tumour tissue extracts by ELISA. KLK5 protein is expressed in ovarian cancer tissue by stromal and tumor cells. Mean KLK5 immunoscore values in tumor cells (KLK5-Tc; 5.7, range 0 to 12) were higher compared to stromal cells (KLK5-Sc; 1.2, range 0 to 9) but the correlation between KLK5-Tc and KLK5-Sc was rather low (rs = 0.34, P < 0.05). No significant associations of clinicopathological parameters with KLK5-Tc, KLK5-Sc, the combined overall score KLK5-Tc+Sc, or ELISA (KLK5-E) expression values were determined, except for KLK5-E protein expression with advanced age and high nuclear grade (G3). In univariate Cox regression analysis, elevated expression levels of KLK5-Sc are significantly linked with both prolonged overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.6, P = 0.046) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.54, P = 0.032) of advanced ovarian cancer patients. KLK5-Tc and KLK5-Tc+Sc scores as well as the KLK5-E values were not associated with patients' outcome. In multivariable analysis, KLK5-Sc expression was found to be statistically significant for PFS. Patients with elevated KLK5-Sc had a two-fold lower risk of disease recurrence (HR = 0.53, P = 0.037) as compared to patients with low KLK5-Sc. For KLK5-Sc and OS, a trend towards statistical significance was observed (HR = 0.62, P = 0.077). These results indicate that KLK5 overexpression by stromal cells (KLK5-Sc) may be a positive modulator lowering aggressiveness of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dorn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMunich, Germany
| | - Alexandra Yassouridis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMunich, Germany
| | - Axel Walch
- Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherberg, Germany
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mount Sinai Hospital and University Health NetworkUSA
- Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of TorontoOntario, Canada
| | - Manfred Schmitt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMunich, Germany
| | - Marion Kiechle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMunich, Germany
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMunich, Germany
| | - Enken Drecoll
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität MünchenMunich, Germany
| | - Barbara Schmalfeldt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMunich, Germany
| | - Daniela Loessner
- Cancer Program, Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbane, Australia
| | - Matthias Kotzsch
- Institute of Pathology, Technische Universität DresdenDresden, Germany
| | - Viktor Magdolen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität MünchenMunich, Germany
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18
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Sidiropoulos KG, White NMA, Bui A, Ding Q, Boulos P, Pampalakis G, Khella H, Samuel JN, Sotiropoulou G, Yousef GM. Kallikrein-related peptidase 5 induces miRNA-mediated anti-oncogenic pathways in breast cancer. Oncoscience 2014; 1:709-24. [PMID: 25593998 PMCID: PMC4278268 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Kallikrein-related peptidase 5 (KLK5) displays aberrant expression in cancer. Recently, we showed KLK5 reconstitution in breast cancer cell lines suppresses malignancy. Present study aims to investigate the functional KLK5 mediated miRNA network on breast cancer progression, molecular subtype and survival. 28 miRNAs were up-regulated and 62 miRNAs were down-regulated upon KLK5 expression. Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and cell-adhesion pathways were the most significant KLK5-induced miRNA-mediated regulatory targets. Validation from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database indicated KLK5 was specifically down-regulated in luminal B and basal-like breast cancer subtypes. There was a correlation between KLK5, miRNAs and their downstream ECM gene targets. Long-term patient survival correlated with dysregulation of KLK5 and interacting ECM target genes. It suggests biological differences between breast cancer molecular subtypes, patient survival, and their propensity for invasion and metastasis can be explained in part by altered miRNA networks induced by KLK5 dysregulation. We provide the first evidence that KLK5 can affect miRNA networks, which regulate MMPs and other novel ECM targets and a new compelling hypothesis of interplay between serine proteases and miRNAs. We developed a combined KLK5-(ITGB1+COL12A1) predictive score for recurrence-free survival that could be exploited in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos G Sidiropoulos
- The Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Sciences at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada ; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nicole M A White
- The Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Sciences at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada ; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Anna Bui
- The Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Sciences at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Qiang Ding
- The Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Sciences at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Peter Boulos
- The Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Sciences at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Georgios Pampalakis
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion-Patras, Greece
| | - Heba Khella
- The Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Sciences at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Joseph N Samuel
- The Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Sciences at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Georgia Sotiropoulou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rion-Patras, Greece
| | - George M Yousef
- The Keenan Research Center for Biomedical Sciences at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute and Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada ; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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19
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Coda AB, Hata T, Miller J, Audish D, Kotol P, Two A, Shafiq F, Yamasaki K, Harper JC, Del Rosso JQ, Gallo RL. Cathelicidin, kallikrein 5, and serine protease activity is inhibited during treatment of rosacea with azelaic acid 15% gel. J Am Acad Dermatol 2013; 69:570-7. [PMID: 23871720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess cathelicidin and kallikrein 5 (KLK5) have been hypothesized to play a role in the pathophysiology of rosacea. OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the effects of azelaic acid (AzA) on these elements of the innate immune system. METHODS Gene expression and protease activity were measured in laboratory models and patients with rosacea during a 16-week multicenter, prospective, open-label study of 15% AzA gel. RESULTS AzA directly inhibited KLK5 in cultured keratinocytes and gene expression of KLK5, Toll-like receptor-2, and cathelicidin in mouse skin. Patients with rosacea showed reduction in cathelicidin and KLK5 messenger RNA after treatment with AzA gel. Subjects without rosacea had lower serine protease activity (SPA) than patients with rosacea. Distinct subsets of patients with rosacea who had high and low baseline SPA were identified, and patients with high baseline exhibited a statistically significant reduction of SPA with 15% AzA gel treatment. LIMITATIONS Study size was insufficient to predict clinical efficacy based on the innate immune response to AzA. CONCLUSIONS These results show that cathelicidin and KLK5 decrease in association with AZA exposure. Our observations suggest a new mechanism of action for AzA and that SPA may be a useful biomarker for disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvin B Coda
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, California
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