1
|
Dal Cortivo G, Marino V, Bianconi S, Dell'Orco D. Calmodulin variants associated with congenital arrhythmia impair selectivity for ryanodine receptors. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 9:1100992. [PMID: 36685279 PMCID: PMC9849693 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1100992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Among its many molecular targets, the ubiquitous calcium sensor protein calmodulin (CaM) recognizes and regulates the activity of ryanodine receptors type 1 (RyR1) and 2 (RyR2), mainly expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle, respectively. Such regulation is essential to achieve controlled contraction of muscle cells. To unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the target recognition process, we conducted a comprehensive biophysical investigation of the interaction between two calmodulin variants associated with congenital arrhythmia, namely N97I and Q135P, and a highly conserved calmodulin-binding region in RyR1 and RyR2. The structural, thermodynamic, and kinetic properties of protein-peptide interactions were assessed together with an in-depth structural and topological investigation based on molecular dynamics simulations. This integrated approach allowed us to identify amino acids that are crucial in mediating allosteric processes, which enable high selectivity in molecular target recognition. Our results suggest that the ability of calmodulin to discriminate between RyR1 an RyR2 targets depends on kinetic discrimination and robust allosteric communication between Ca2+-binding sites (EF1-EF3 and EF3-EF4 pairs), which is perturbed in both N97I and Q135P arrhythmia-associated variants.
Collapse
|
2
|
Malagrinò F, Fusco G, Pennacchietti V, Toto A, Nardella C, Pagano L, de Simone A, Gianni S. Cryptic binding properties of a transient folding intermediate in a PDZ tandem repeat. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4396. [PMID: 36040267 PMCID: PMC9375522 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PDZ domains are the most diffused protein-protein interaction modules of the human proteome and are often present in tandem repeats. An example is PDZD2, a protein characterized by the presence of six PDZ domains that undergoes a proteolytic cleavage producing sPDZD2, comprising a tandem of two PDZ domains, namely PDZ5 and PDZ6. Albeit the physiopathological importance of sPDZD2 is well-established, the interaction with endogenous ligands has been poorly characterized. To understand the determinants of the stability and function of sPDZD2, we investigated its folding pathway. Our data highlights the presence of a complex scenario involving a transiently populated folding intermediate that may be accumulated from the concurrent denaturation of both PDZ5 and PDZ6 domains. Importantly, double jump kinetic experiments allowed us to pinpoint the ability of this transient intermediate to bind the physiological ligand of sPDZD2 with increased affinity compared to the native state. In summary, our results provide an interesting example of a functionally competent misfolded intermediate, which may exert a cryptic function that is not captured from the analysis of the native state only.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Malagrinò
- Istituto Pasteur – Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “A. Rossi Fanelli” and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNRSapienza Università di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Giuliana Fusco
- Centre for Misfolding Diseases, Yusuf Hamied Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Valeria Pennacchietti
- Istituto Pasteur – Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “A. Rossi Fanelli” and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNRSapienza Università di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Angelo Toto
- Istituto Pasteur – Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “A. Rossi Fanelli” and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNRSapienza Università di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Caterina Nardella
- Istituto Pasteur – Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “A. Rossi Fanelli” and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNRSapienza Università di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Livia Pagano
- Istituto Pasteur – Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche “A. Rossi Fanelli” and Istituto di Biologia e Patologia Molecolari del CNRSapienza Università di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Alfonso de Simone
- Dipartimento di FarmaciaUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IINaplesItaly
| | - Stefano Gianni
- Dipartimento di FarmaciaUniversità degli Studi di Napoli Federico IINaplesItaly
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lemaire SD, Tedesco D, Crozet P, Michelet L, Fermani S, Zaffagnini M, Henri J. Crystal Structure of Chloroplastic Thioredoxin f2 from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Reveals Distinct Surface Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:E171. [PMID: 30477165 PMCID: PMC6316601 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7120171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein disulfide reduction by thioredoxins (TRXs) controls the conformation of enzyme active sites and their multimeric complex formation. TRXs are small oxidoreductases that are broadly conserved in all living organisms. In photosynthetic eukaryotes, TRXs form a large multigenic family, and they have been classified in different types: f, m, x, y, and z types are chloroplastic, while o and h types are located in mitochondria and cytosol. In the model unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, the TRX family contains seven types, with f- and h-types represented by two isozymes. Type-f TRXs interact specifically with targets in the chloroplast, controlling photosynthetic carbon fixation by the Calvin⁻Benson cycle. We solved the crystal structures of TRX f2 and TRX h1 from C. reinhardtii. The systematic comparison of their atomic features revealed a specific conserved electropositive crown around the active site of TRX f, complementary to the electronegative surface of their targets. We postulate that this surface provides specificity to each type of TRX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane D Lemaire
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8226 CNRS Sorbonne Université, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Daniele Tedesco
- Bio-Pharmaceutical Analysis Section (Bio-PhASe), Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Pierre Crozet
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8226 CNRS Sorbonne Université, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Laure Michelet
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8226 CNRS Sorbonne Université, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Simona Fermani
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Mirko Zaffagnini
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 42, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Julien Henri
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8226 CNRS Sorbonne Université, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Goodman KM, Rubinstein R, Thu CA, Mannepalli S, Bahna F, Ahlsén G, Rittenhouse C, Maniatis T, Honig B, Shapiro L. γ-Protocadherin structural diversity and functional implications. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27782885 PMCID: PMC5106212 DOI: 10.7554/elife.20930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Stochastic cell-surface expression of α-, β-, and γ-clustered protocadherins (Pcdhs) provides vertebrate neurons with single-cell identities that underlie neuronal self-recognition. Here we report crystal structures of ectodomain fragments comprising cell-cell recognition regions of mouse γ-Pcdhs γA1, γA8, γB2, and γB7 revealing trans-homodimers, and of C-terminal ectodomain fragments from γ-Pcdhs γA4 and γB2, which depict cis-interacting regions in monomeric form. Together these structures span the entire γ-Pcdh ectodomain. The trans-dimer structures reveal determinants of γ-Pcdh isoform-specific homophilic recognition. We identified and structurally mapped cis-dimerization mutations to the C-terminal ectodomain structures. Biophysical studies showed that Pcdh ectodomains from γB-subfamily isoforms formed cis dimers, whereas γA isoforms did not, but both γA and γB isoforms could interact in cis with α-Pcdhs. Together, these data show how interaction specificity is distributed over all domains of the γ-Pcdh trans interface, and suggest that subfamily- or isoform-specific cis-interactions may play a role in the Pcdh-mediated neuronal self-recognition code.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry Marie Goodman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Rotem Rubinstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Chan Aye Thu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Seetha Mannepalli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Fabiana Bahna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Göran Ahlsén
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Chelsea Rittenhouse
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Tom Maniatis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Zuckerman Mind Brain and Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Barry Honig
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Zuckerman Mind Brain and Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Lawrence Shapiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, United States.,Zuckerman Mind Brain and Behavior Institute, Columbia University, New York, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fiebig JE, Weidauer SE, Qiu LY, Bauer M, Schmieder P, Beerbaum M, Zhang JL, Oschkinat H, Sebald W, Mueller TD. The clip-segment of the von Willebrand domain 1 of the BMP modulator protein Crossveinless 2 is preformed. Molecules 2013; 18:11658-82. [PMID: 24071977 PMCID: PMC6270503 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181011658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) are secreted protein hormones that act as morphogens and exert essential roles during embryonic development of tissues and organs. Signaling by BMPs occurs via hetero-oligomerization of two types of serine/threonine kinase transmembrane receptors. Due to the small number of available receptors for a large number of BMP ligands ligand-receptor promiscuity presents an evident problem requiring additional regulatory mechanisms for ligand-specific signaling. Such additional regulation is achieved through a plethora of extracellular antagonists, among them members of the Chordin superfamily, that modulate BMP signaling activity by binding. The key-element in Chordin-related antagonists for interacting with BMPs is the von Willebrand type C (VWC) module, which is a small domain of about 50 to 60 residues occurring in many different proteins. Although a structure of the VWC domain of the Chordin-member Crossveinless 2 (CV2) bound to BMP-2 has been determined by X-ray crystallography, the molecular mechanism by which the VWC domain binds BMPs has remained unclear. Here we present the NMR structure of the Danio rerio CV2 VWC1 domain in its unbound state showing that the key features for high affinity binding to BMP-2 is a pre-oriented peptide loop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane E. Fiebig
- Julius-von-Sachs Institut für Biowissenschaften der Universität Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, Würzburg D-97082, Germany; E-Mails: (J.E.F.); (S.E.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Stella E. Weidauer
- Julius-von-Sachs Institut für Biowissenschaften der Universität Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, Würzburg D-97082, Germany; E-Mails: (J.E.F.); (S.E.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Li-Yan Qiu
- Lehrstuhl für Physiologische Chemie II, Biozentrum der Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg D-97074, Germany; E-Mails: (L.-Y.Q.); (J.-L.Z.); (W.S.)
| | - Markus Bauer
- Julius-von-Sachs Institut für Biowissenschaften der Universität Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, Würzburg D-97082, Germany; E-Mails: (J.E.F.); (S.E.W.); (M.B.)
| | - Peter Schmieder
- Leibnizinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle Str. 10, Berlin D-13125, Germany; E-Mails: (P.S.); (M.B.); (H.O.)
| | - Monika Beerbaum
- Leibnizinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle Str. 10, Berlin D-13125, Germany; E-Mails: (P.S.); (M.B.); (H.O.)
| | - Jin-Li Zhang
- Lehrstuhl für Physiologische Chemie II, Biozentrum der Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg D-97074, Germany; E-Mails: (L.-Y.Q.); (J.-L.Z.); (W.S.)
| | - Hartmut Oschkinat
- Leibnizinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Campus Berlin-Buch, Robert-Roessle Str. 10, Berlin D-13125, Germany; E-Mails: (P.S.); (M.B.); (H.O.)
| | - Walter Sebald
- Lehrstuhl für Physiologische Chemie II, Biozentrum der Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg D-97074, Germany; E-Mails: (L.-Y.Q.); (J.-L.Z.); (W.S.)
| | - Thomas D. Mueller
- Julius-von-Sachs Institut für Biowissenschaften der Universität Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, Würzburg D-97082, Germany; E-Mails: (J.E.F.); (S.E.W.); (M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Buczek O, Koscielska-Kasprzak K, Krowarsch D, Dadlez M, Otlewski J. Analysis of serine proteinase-inhibitor interaction by alanine shaving. Protein Sci 2002; 11:806-19. [PMID: 11910024 PMCID: PMC2373526 DOI: 10.1110/ps.3510102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2001] [Accepted: 11/30/2001] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the energetic importance of residues surrounding the hot spot (the P(1) position) of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI) in interaction with two proteinases, trypsin and chymotrypsin, by a procedure called molecular shaving. One to eight residues of the structural epitope, composed of two extended and exposed loops, were mutated to alanine(s). Although truncation of the side chains of residues surrounding the P(1) position to methyl groups caused a decrease in Delta G(den) values up to 6.4 kcal mole(-1), it did not influence the overall conformation of the inhibitor. We found that the replacement of up to six residues with alanines was fully additive at the level of protein stability. To analyze the influence of the structural epitope on the association energy, we determined association constants for BPTI variants and both enzymes and applied the additivity analysis. Shaving of two binding loops led to a progressive drop in the association energy, more pronounced for trypsin (decrease up to 9.6 kcal mole(-1)) than chymotrypsin (decrease up to 3.5 kcal mole(-1)). In the case of extensively mutated variants interacting with chymotrypsin, the association energies agreed very well with the values calculated from single mutational effects. However, when P(1)-neighboring residues were shaved to alanine(s), their contribution to the association energy was not fully removed because of the presence of methyl groups and main chain-main chain intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Moreover, the hot spot had a different contribution to the complex stability in the fully shaved BPTI variant compared with the wild type, which was caused by perturbations of the P(1)-S(1) electrostatic interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Buczek
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Wroclaw, 50-137 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|