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Buckley DJ, Trott DW, Welsh DG. School of 'hard NOX' for the ageing artery. J Physiol 2023; 601:391-392. [PMID: 36625161 DOI: 10.1113/jp284147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David J Buckley
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Daniel W Trott
- Department of Kinesiology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Donald G Welsh
- Robarts Research Institute and Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Padilla J, Thorne PK, Martin JS, Rector RS, Akter S, Davis JW, Laughlin MH, Jenkins NT. Transcriptomic effects of metformin in skeletal muscle arteries of obese insulin-resistant rats. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:617-624. [PMID: 28114814 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216689825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the effects of metformin, a commonly used antidiabetic drug, on gene expression in multiple arteries. Specifically, transcriptional profiles of feed arteries and second branch order arterioles in the soleus, gastrocnemius, and diaphragm muscles as well as aortic endothelial scrapes were examined from obese insulin-resistant Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats treated with ( n = 9) or without ( n = 10) metformin from 20 to 32 weeks of age. Metformin-treated rats exhibited a reduction in body weight, adiposity, and HbA1c ( P < 0.05). The greatest number of differentially expressed genes (FDR < 15%) between those treated with and without metformin was found in the red gastrocnemius 2a arterioles (93 genes), followed by the diaphragm 2a arterioles (62 genes), and soleus 2a arterioles (15 genes). We also found that two genes were differentially expressed in aortic endothelial cells (LETMD1 and HMGCS2, both downregulated), one gene in the gastrocnemius feed artery (BLNK, downregulated), and no genes in the soleus and diaphragm feed arteries and white gastrocnemius 2a arterioles. No single gene was altered by metformin across all vessels examined. This study provides evidence that metformin treatment produces distinct gene expression effects throughout the arterial tree in a rat model of obesity and insulin resistance. Genes whose expression was modulated with metformin do not appear to have a clear connection with its known mechanisms of action. These findings support the notion that vascular gene regulation in response to oral pharmacological therapy, such as metformin, is vessel specific. Impact statement This study provides evidence that metformin treatment produces artery-specific gene expression effects. The genes whose expression was modulated with metformin do not appear to have a clear connection with its known mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Padilla
- 1 Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.,2 Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.,3 Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Pamela K Thorne
- 4 Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Martin
- 5 Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn, AL 36832, USA.,6 School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - R Scott Rector
- 1 Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.,7 Research Service-Harry S Truman Memorial VA Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.,8 Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Sadia Akter
- 9 MU Informatics Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - J Wade Davis
- 9 MU Informatics Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.,10 Health Management and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.,11 Statistics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - M Harold Laughlin
- 3 Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.,4 Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.,12 Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Jarajapu YPR, Coats P, McGrath JC, Hillier C, MacDonald A. Functional characterization of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtypes in human skeletal muscle resistance arteries. Br J Pharmacol 2001; 133:679-86. [PMID: 11429392 PMCID: PMC1572837 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtypes in human skeletal muscle resistance arteries were characterized using agonists noradrenaline (non-selective) and A61603 (alpha(1A)-selective), the antagonists prazosin (non-selective), 5-methyl-urapidil (alpha(1A)-selective) and BMY7378 (alpha(1D)-selective) and the alkylating agent chloroethylclonidine (preferential for alpha(1B)). Small arteries were obtained from the non-ischaemic skeletal muscle of limbs amputated for critical limb ischaemia and isometric tension recorded using wire myography. Prazosin antagonized responses to noradrenaline with a pA(2) value of 9.18, consistent with the presence of alpha(1)-adrenoceptors, although the Schild slope (1.32) was significantly different from unity. 5-Methyl-urapidil competitively antagonized responses to noradrenaline with a pK(B) value of 8.48 and a Schild slope of 0.99, consistent with the presence of alpha(1A)-adrenoceptors. In the presence of 300 nM 5-methyl-urapidil, noradrenaline exhibited biphasic concentration response curves, indicating the presence of a minor population of a 5-methyl-urapidil-resistant subtype. Contractile responses to noradrenaline were not affected by 1 microM chloroethylclonidine suggesting the absence of alpha(1B)-adrenoceptors. Maximum responses to noradrenaline and A61603 were reduced to a similar extent by 10 microM chloroethylclonidine, suggesting an effect of chloroethylclonidine at alpha(1A)-adrenoceptors at the higher concentration. BMY7378 (10 and 100 nM) had no effect on responses to noradrenaline. BMY7378 (1 microM) poorly shifted the potency of noradrenaline giving a pA(2) of 6.52. These results rule out the presence of the alpha(1D)-subtype. These results show that contractile responses to noradrenaline in human skeletal muscle resistance arteries are predominantly mediated by the alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor subtype with a minor population of an unknown alpha(1)-adrenoceptor subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagna P R Jarajapu
- Vascular Assessment Group, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland
| | - Paul Coats
- Vascular Assessment Group, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland
| | - John C McGrath
- Autonomic Physiology Unit, West Medical Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Chris Hillier
- Vascular Assessment Group, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland
| | - Allan MacDonald
- Vascular Assessment Group, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, Scotland
- Author for correspondence:
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