1
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Hippchen N, Heinzel E, Zhang CK, Jäger P, Elter M, Ludwig P, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Cao DD, Bunz UH. Second Generation of Cata-Annulated Azaacene Bisimides: Towards Electron Accepting Materials. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300158. [PMID: 37010062 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
We present the 2nd generation of cata-annulated azaacene bisimides with increased electron affinities (up to -4.38 eV) compared to their consaguine conventional azaacenes. These compounds were synthesized via Buchwald-Hartwig coupling followed by oxidation with MnO2. Crystal structure engineering through variation of the bisimide substituents furnished crystalline derivatives suitable for proof of concept organic field effect transistors with electron mobilities up to 2.2 x10-4 cm2(Vs)-1. Moreover, we were able to characterize the charge carrying species, the radical anion, using electron paramagnetic resonance and absorption measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Heinzel
- Heidelberg University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | | | - Patrick Jäger
- Heidelberg University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | | | - Philipp Ludwig
- Heidelberg University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Frank Rominger
- Heidelberg University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Heidelberg University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, GERMANY
| | | | - Uwe Heiko Bunz
- Ruprecht Karls-Universität, Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, GERMANY
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2
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Wiesner T, Pardon M, Maier S, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. N-Acenoacenes: Synthesis and Solid-State Properties. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201916. [PMID: 35947374 PMCID: PMC10091707 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Four N-acenoacenes were synthesized and analyzed for their optoelectronic properties and solid-state packings. Two of the regioisomeric acridinoacridines are TIPS-ethynylated, whereas the other pair are Boc- and triflate substituted derivatives. The two TIPS-ethynyldiazaacenoacenes were processed into organic thin-film transistors with saturation hole mobilities reaching 2.9×10-2 cm2 (Vs)-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wiesner
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Pardon
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM), Im Neuenheimer Feld 225, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Wiesner T, Wu Z, Han J, Ji L, Friedrich A, Krummenacher I, Moos M, Lambert C, Braunschweig H, Rudin B, Reiss H, Tverskoy O, Rominger F, Dreuw A, Marder TB, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. The Radical Anion, Dianion and Electron Transport Properties of Tetraiodotetraazapentacene. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201919. [PMID: 35916326 PMCID: PMC10092590 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tetraiodotetraazapentacene I4 TAP, the last missing derivative in the series of halogenated silylated tetraazapentacenes, was synthesized via condensation chemistry from a TIPS-ethynylated diaminobenzothiadiazol in three steps. Single and double reduction furnished its air-stable monoanion and relatively air-stable dianion, both of which were characterized by crystallography. All three species are structurally and spectroscopically compared to non-halogenated TAP and Br4 TAP. I4 TAP is an n-channel material in thin-film transistors with average electron mobilities exceeding 1 cm2 (Vs)-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wiesner
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zhu Wu
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jie Han
- Interdisziplinares Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Present Adress: State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Lei Ji
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ivo Krummenacher
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Moos
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Rudin
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hilmar Reiss
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olena Tverskoy
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisziplinares Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie and, Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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4
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Maier S, Heckershoff R, Hippchen N, Brödner K, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Hashmi ASK, Bunz UHF. Substituted Cyclopentannulated Tetraazapentacenes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201842. [PMID: 35983676 PMCID: PMC9826220 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Brominated pentannulated dihydrotetraazapentacenes were prepared by gold- or palladium-catalyzed 5-endo-dig cyclization of TIPS-ethynylated dihydrotetraazaacenes (TIPS = triisopropylsilyl). Post-functionalization was demonstrated by Sonogashira alkynylation and Rosenmund-von Braun cyanation. Calculations predict these species to act as n-type semiconductors, which was verified for two derivates through characterization in organic field-effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Maier
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI)Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Robin Heckershoff
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI)Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Nikolai Hippchen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI)Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Kerstin Brödner
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI)Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI)Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI)Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI)Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Chemistry DepartmentFaculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut (OCI)Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
- Centre for Advanced Materials (CAM)Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 22569120HeidelbergGermany
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5
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Abstract
Bis(silylethynylated) 5,7‐ and 5,12‐diazapentacenes were synthesized from cis‐ and trans‐quinacridone using protection, alkynylation and deoxygenation. The solid‐state packing of the targets is determined by choice and position of the silylethynyl substituents. The position of the substituents and nitrogen atoms influence the optical properties of the targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wiesner
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lukas Ahrens
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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6
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Martir DR, Momblona C, Pertegás A, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Bolink HJ, Zysman-Colman E. Chiral Iridium(III) Complexes in Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells: Exploring the Impact of Stereochemistry on the Photophysical Properties and Device Performances. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:33907-33915. [PMID: 27960443 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b14050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite hundreds of cationic bis-cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes having been explored as emitters for light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEECs), uniformly their composition has been in the form of a racemic mixture of Λ and Δ enantiomers. The investigation of LEECs using enantiopure iridium(III) emitters, however, remains unprecedented. Herein, we report the preparation, the crystal structures, and the optoelectronic properties of two families of cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes of the form of [(C^N)2Ir(dtBubpy)]PF6 (where dtBubpy is 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine) in both their racemic and enantiopure configurations. LEEC devices using Λ and Δ enantiomers as well as the racemic mixture of both families have been prepared, and the device performances were tested. Importantly, different solid-state photophysical properties exist between enantiopure and racemic emitters, which are also reflected in the device performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Rota Martir
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews , St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Momblona
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia , c/Catedrático J. Beltrán, 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Antonio Pertegás
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia , c/Catedrático J. Beltrán, 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - David B Cordes
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews , St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews , St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Henk J Bolink
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia , c/Catedrático J. Beltrán, 2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews , St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
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