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Liu J, Zhao Z, Li Q, Hua L, Zhao H, Yu C, Cao W, Ren Z. Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on a Special Tetrahedral Silane Core. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37874777 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Based on the tetraphenylsilane skeleton, a new class of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules have been designed and synthesized. Benefiting from the unique tetrahedron architecture of tetraphenylsilane, the intermolecular distance between TADF units can be enlarged and thus weakened the aggregation-induced quenching of triplet excitons. By adjusting the numbers of TADF subunits, the spin-orbit coupling processes can be controlled, leading to efficient up-conversion processes. The related OLEDs are fabricated through the solution processing technology, and pure-blue and green electroluminescence were observed with maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEmax) of 6.6 and 13.8% as well as Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinates of (0.14, 0.15) and (0.25, 0.45), respectively. This study provides a new idea for designing color-tunable TADF emitters through spatial structure regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhennan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Quanwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lei Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haisong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | | | - Weiyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhongjie Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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2
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Zhou T, Zhang W, Cao Q, Zhang K, Ban X, Pei M, Wang J. Unveiling the In Situ and Solvent Polymerization Engineering for Highly Efficient and Flexible Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37197999 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) polymer has great potential for the construction of flexible solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). However, the relationship between polymerization engineering and device functions has rarely been reported. Here, two novel TADF polymers, P-Ph4CzCN and P-Ph5CzCN, with a small energy gap between the first excited singlet and triplet states (ΔEST; <0.16 eV) were newly developed by both solvent and in situ polymerization of a styrene component. Detailed device performance testing indicates that both polymerization strategies ensure that the TADF polymer achieves comparable high efficiencies in commonly rigid devices, and the maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEmax) were 11.9%, 14.1%, and 16.2% for blue, green, and white OLEDs, respectively. Although in situ polymerization provides a simplified device fabrication process, which avoids the complicated synthesis and purification of the polymer, the inevitable high-temperature annealing makes it fail in a plastic substrate device. In contrast, P-Ph5CzCN achieved by solvent polymerization enables the successful fabrication of a flexible device on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate, which was the first reported flexible OLED based on a TADF polymer. This work provides a strong guideline for the simple fabrication of TADF polymer devices and the application of TADF polymer materials in OLED flexible panels and flexible lighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China
| | - Qingpeng Cao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China
| | - Kaizhi Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China
| | - Xinxin Ban
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China
| | - Ming Pei
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Function Control Technology for Advanced Materials, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China
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3
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Crovini E, Zhang Z, Kusakabe Y, Ren Y, Wada Y, Naqvi BA, Sahay P, Matulaitis T, Diesing S, Samuel IDW, Brütting W, Suzuki K, Kaji H, Bräse S, Zysman-Colman E. Effect of a twin-emitter design strategy on a previously reported thermally activated delayed fluorescence organic light-emitting diode. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2894-2905. [PMID: 34956408 PMCID: PMC8685574 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we showcase the emitter DICzTRZ in which we employed a twin-emitter design of our previously reported material, ICzTRZ. This new system presented a red-shifted emission at 488 nm compared to that of ICzTRZ at 475 nm and showed a comparable photoluminescence quantum yield of 57.1% in a 20 wt % CzSi film versus 63.3% for ICzTRZ. The emitter was then incorporated within a solution-processed organic light-emitting diode that showed a maximum external quantum efficiency of 8.4%, with Commission Internationale de l'Éclairage coordinate of (0.22, 0.47), at 1 mA cm-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Crovini
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Yu Kusakabe
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yongxia Ren
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Wada
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Bilal A Naqvi
- Experimental Physics IV, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitätstrasse. 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Prakhar Sahay
- Experimental Physics IV, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitätstrasse. 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Tomas Matulaitis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Stefan Diesing
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Wolfgang Brütting
- Experimental Physics IV, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitätstrasse. 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Katsuaki Suzuki
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hironori Kaji
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems – Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
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Dai G, Zhang M, Wang K, Fan X, Shi Y, Sun D, Liu W, Chen J, Yu J, Ou X, Xiong S, Zheng C, Zhang X. Nonconjugated Triptycene-Spaced Donor-Acceptor-Type Emitters Showing Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence via Both Intra- and Intermolecular Charge-Transfer Transitions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:25193-25201. [PMID: 34013735 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters have aroused considerable attention, particularly for their great potential in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). In typical TADF molecules, intramolecular charge transfer (CT) between electron-donor (D) and electron-acceptor (A) moieties is the dominant transition. Actually, CT transitions can possibly occur between different molecules as well. Herein, we used a nonconjugated triptycene (TPE) moiety to space D and A moieties and developed two novel emitters tBuDMAC-TPE-TRZ and tBuDMAC-TPE-TTR to explore the roles of intra- and intermolecular CT transitions. Along with weak intramolecular CT transitions, intermolecular CT transitions are dominant for tBuDMAC-TPE-TRZ and tBuDMAC-TPE-TTR neat films. Particularly, tBuDMAC-TPE-TRZ showed a high maximum external quantum efficiency of 10.0% in a nondoped solution-processed OLED, which was evidently higher than that of a corresponding 10 wt % tBuDMAC-TPE-TRZ-doped OLED with 4,4',4″-tris(carbazol-9-yl)triphenylamine (TCTA) as the host matrix. The results prove that intermolecular CT transitions indeed participate in the CT transition process in these systems and they are helpful to enhance the electroluminescence performance of emitting systems with weak intramolecular CT transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaole Dai
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochun Fan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yizhong Shi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Dianming Sun
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxiong Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Ou
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shiyun Xiong
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
| | - Caijun Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, Sichuan 610054, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P. R. China
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Kumar M, Pereira L. Towards Highly Efficient TADF Yellow-Red OLEDs Fabricated by Solution Deposition Methods: Critical Influence of the Active Layer Morphology. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10010101. [PMID: 31947924 PMCID: PMC7022318 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters (TADF) in simple device structures fabricated by solution processing are strongly dependent on a suitable host molecular conformation and morphology. Herein, we report the fabrication of highly efficient yellow-red TADF-based OLEDs via solution processing in a simple, two-organic-layer device structure. The devices were fabricated at different weight concentrations of 5%, 8%, and 10% emitter in an n-/p-type mixed host matrix, and their characteristics were studied. The device performance was compared with different thickness parameters for both the emitting layer (EML) and the electron transport layer (ETL) in various solvents, including chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, and chloroform. By optimizing the mixed ratio of EML, yellow-red OLEDs of 2-[4 (diphenylamino)phenyl]-10,10-dioxide-9H-thioxanthen-9-one (TXO-TPA) emitter in an n-/p-type host matrix of poly(N-vinylcarbazole):1,3-Bis[2-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazo-5-yl]benzene (PVK:OXD-7) as a blend for the active layer were fabricated. In the best results, the device exhibited a lower turn-on voltage at around 6 V, with an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 18.44%, current efficiency of 36.71 cd/A, and power efficiency of 14.74 Lm/W for the 8% emitter concentration. The importance of solvent for improving the electrical properties, together with organic layer thickness and host effect for the charge carrier’s transport and device characteristics are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Department of Physics and i3N—Institute for Nanostructures, Nanomodulation and Nanofabrication, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- CeNTI—Centre for Nanotechnologies and Smart Materials, R. Fernando Mesquita, 2785, 4760-034 Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal
| | - Luiz Pereira
- Department of Physics and i3N—Institute for Nanostructures, Nanomodulation and Nanofabrication, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Correspondence:
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Xiang Y, Xie G, Li Q, Xue L, Xu Q, Zhu J, Tang Y, Gong S, Yin X, Yang C. Feasible Modification of PEDOT:PSS by Poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid): A Universal Method to Double the Efficiencies for Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Devices. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:29105-29112. [PMID: 31321974 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A feasible, universal, and low-cost strategy for solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) was provided to significantly enhance the electroluminescent performances. The commercially available poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) (PSSA) aqueous solution was mixed into poly(styrene sulfonic acid)-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiphene) (PEDOT:PSS) to modify its chemical and physical properties. The corresponding work function can be easily elevated from 5.04 to 5.63 eV. The modification of PEDOT:PSS by PSSA is found to be a universal method to demonstrate highly efficient OLEDs with different solution-processed host/emitter combinations, covering phosphorescent and thermally activated delayed fluorescence devices. The benchmarking solution-processed OLEDs based on 2,4,5,6-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-1,3-dicyanobenzene and bis[2-(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-C2,N](picolinato)iridium(III) achieved the maximum external quantum efficiencies of 26.6 and 22.4%, respectively, simply by modifying PEDOT:PSS with PSSA, corresponding to the improvement factors of 2.7 and 2.2. It is confirmed that such performances originate simultaneously from reduced interfacial fluorescence quenching, elevated work function, and reduced lateral conduction of the commonly used PEDOT:PSS (Clevios P VP Al 4083).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yepeng Xiang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , China
| | - Guohua Xie
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering & The Institute of Technological Science , Wuhan University , South Donghu Road 8 , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Longjian Xue
- School of Power and Mechanical Engineering & The Institute of Technological Science , Wuhan University , South Donghu Road 8 , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Qian Xu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230029 , Anhui , China
| | - Junfa Zhu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230029 , Anhui , China
| | - Yang Tang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Shaolong Gong
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Xiaojun Yin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , China
| | - Chuluo Yang
- Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518060 , China
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Hu J, Li Q, Wang X, Shao S, Wang L, Jing X, Wang F. Developing Through-Space Charge Transfer Polymers as a General Approach to Realize Full-Color and White Emission with Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8405-8409. [PMID: 30985050 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Through-space charge transfer polymers (TSCT polymers) that contain a non-conjugated polystyrene backbone and spatially separated donor and acceptor units for solution-processed OLEDs with full-color and white emission is reported. By tuning the charge transfer strength between donor and acceptors with different electron-accepting ability, emission color spanning from deep blue to red can be achieved. By incorporating two kinds of donor/acceptor pairs in one polymer to create duplex through-space charge-transfer channels, blue and yellow emission can be simultaneously obtained to realize white electroluminescence from a single polymer. The TSCT polymers exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence effect with delayed-component lifetimes in range of 0.36-1.98 μs, and unexpected aggregation-induced emission (emission intensity enhancement of up to 117 from solution to aggregation state).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Xingdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Shiyang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Xiabin Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
| | - Fosong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China
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Lin X, Zhu Y, Zhang B, Zhao X, Yao B, Cheng Y, Li Z, Qu Y, Xie Z. Highly Efficient TADF Polymer Electroluminescence with Reduced Efficiency Roll-off via Interfacial Exciplex Host Strategy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:47-52. [PMID: 29283240 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b16887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (s-OLED) consisting of TAPC/TmPyPB interfacial exciplex host and polymer PAPTC TADF emitter are prepared, simultaneously displaying ultralow voltages (2.50/2.91/3.51/4.91 V at luminance of 1/100/1000/1000 cd m-2), high efficiencies (14.9%, 50.1 lm W-1), and extremely low roll-off rates (J50 of 63.16 mA cm-2, L50 of ca. 15000 cd m-2). Such performance is distinctly higher than that of pure-PAPTC s-OLED. Compared to pure-PAPTC, the advanced emissive layer structure of TAPC:PAPTC/TmPyPB is unique in much higher PL quantum yield (79.5 vs 36.3%) and nearly 4-fold enhancement in kRISC of the PAPTC emitter to 1.48 × 107 s-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingdong Lin
- School of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yunhui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Baohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Bing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yanxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhanguo Li
- School of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yi Qu
- School of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, P. R. China
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9
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Zhou T, Xie G, Gong S, Huang M, Luo J, Yang C. Simple InCl 3 Doped PEDOT:PSS and UV-Ozone Treatment Strategy: External Quantum Efficiency up to 21% for Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Devices with a Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:34139-34145. [PMID: 28910071 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b09644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A low-cost and easy-process scheme for solution-processed organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) was provided to overcome the flaws of poly(styrene sulfonic acid)-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiphene) (PEDOT:PSS) together with the indium tin oxide anode. The modified PEDOT:PSS with higher work function (5.66 eV) and more efficient hole injecting ability was obtained by simply mixing the aqueous PEDOT:PSS with InCl3 and then consecutive ultraviolet-ozone treatment. The simply structured and solution-processed OLEDs with our modified PEDOT:PSS achieved a very high external quantum efficiency of 21.0% using a classic thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter, 2,4,5,6-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-1,3-dicyanobenzene. The origin of this great promotion was explored through photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared reflection spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy, from which we inferred that InCl3 itself, the losing of insulting PSS outer shell, and transformation to quinoid structure of PEDOT chains accounted for this improvement. Our modification method of PEDOT:PSS is beneficial for promoting solution-processed organic semiconducting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Xie
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaolong Gong
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Manli Huang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Luo
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuluo Yang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
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Han TH, Choi MR, Jeon CW, Kim YH, Kwon SK, Lee TW. Ultrahigh-efficiency solution-processed simplified small-molecule organic light-emitting diodes using universal host materials. Sci Adv 2016; 2:e1601428. [PMID: 27819053 PMCID: PMC5091357 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Although solution processing of small-molecule organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) has been considered as a promising alternative to standard vacuum deposition requiring high material and processing cost, the devices have suffered from low luminous efficiency and difficulty of multilayer solution processing. Therefore, high efficiency should be achieved in simple-structured small-molecule OLEDs fabricated using a solution process. We report very efficient solution-processed simple-structured small-molecule OLEDs that use novel universal electron-transporting host materials based on tetraphenylsilane with pyridine moieties. These materials have wide band gaps, high triplet energy levels, and good solution processabilities; they provide balanced charge transport in a mixed-host emitting layer. Orange-red (~97.5 cd/A, ~35.5% photons per electron), green (~101.5 cd/A, ~29.0% photons per electron), and white (~74.2 cd/A, ~28.5% photons per electron) phosphorescent OLEDs exhibited the highest recorded electroluminescent efficiencies of solution-processed OLEDs reported to date. We also demonstrate a solution-processed flexible solid-state lighting device as a potential application of our devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Hee Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ri Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Woo Jeon
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.K.)
| | - Soon-Ki Kwon
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Engineering Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Woo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (T.-W.L.); (Y.-H.K.)
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Derue L, Olivier S, Tondelier D, Maindron T, Geffroy B, Ishow E. All-Solution-Processed Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Photostable Photo-cross-linkable Fluorescent Small Molecules. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:16207-17. [PMID: 27280695 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b05197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate herein the fabrication of small molecule-based OLEDs where four organic layers from the hole- to the electron-transporting layers have successively been deposited by using an all-solution process. The key feature of the device relies on a novel photopolymerizable red-emitting material, made of small fluorophores substituted with two acrylate units, and displaying high-quality film-forming properties as well as high emission quantum yield as nondoped thin films. Insoluble emissive layers were obtained upon UV irradiation using low illumination doses, with no further need of postcuring. Very low photodegradation was noticed, giving rise to bright layers with a remarkable surface quality, characterized by a mean RMS roughness as low as 0.7 nm after development. Comparative experiments between solution-processed OLEDs and vacuum-processed OLEDs made of fluorophores with close architectures show external quantum efficiencies in the same range while displaying distinct behaviors in terms of current and power efficiencies. They validate the proof of concept of nondoped solution-processable emissive layers exclusively made of photopolymerized fluorophores, thereby reducing the amount of components and opening the way toward cost-effective fabrication of solution-processed OLED multilayer architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Derue
- LICSEN, NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Simon Olivier
- CEISAM-UMR CNRS 6230, Université de Nantes , 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, France
- CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, Département Optique et Photonique, Laboratoire des Composants pour la Visualisation, Université Grenoble Alpes , 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Denis Tondelier
- LPICM, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris Saclay , 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Tony Maindron
- CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, Département Optique et Photonique, Laboratoire des Composants pour la Visualisation, Université Grenoble Alpes , 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Bernard Geffroy
- LICSEN, NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Eléna Ishow
- CEISAM-UMR CNRS 6230, Université de Nantes , 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes, France
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