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Bryant AL, Ikharo E, Gondwe KW, Conklin JL, Zimba CC, Bula A, Jumbo W, Wella K, Mapulanga P, Idiagbonya E, Bingo SAM, Chilemba E, Hotchkiss J, Montano NP, Qan'ir Y, Song L. Psychosocial Experiences of Cancer Survivors and their Caregivers in sub-Saharan Africa: A Synthesis of Qualitative Studies. Psychooncology 2023; 32:760-778. [PMID: 36944593 DOI: 10.1002/pon.6122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesize and examine current literature on survivorship experiences and psychosocial oncologic care programs of individuals affected by cancer in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). METHODS This was a systematic review guided by the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. We searched 6 databases for articles published from inception to October 21, 2021. Articles were appraised using the Johanna Briggs Institute's Checklist for Qualitative Research. For data synthesis, we used the World Health Organization (WHO) quality of life framework [WHOQOL] to organize experiences into 6 domains/themes. RESULTS Twenty-five qualitative studies were included in the synthesis. Studies focused on psychosocial care of adults (>18 years) affected by cancer in SSA. The common WHOQOL domains were social relations, spirituality/religion/personal beliefs, and psychological. CONCLUSION Findings echo need for individuals with cancer and their caregivers. Healthcare professionals are an essential resource for information and support services that can be tailored to individuals need. This synthesis highlighted caregiver stress and stressors from the community that could impact care of individuals with cancer. A holistic approach is needed that incorporates professional and social aspects of care. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Leak Bryant
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, US
| | - Ebahi Ikharo
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, US
| | | | - Jamie L Conklin
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, US
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Eno Idiagbonya
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, US
| | | | | | - Jennifer Hotchkiss
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, US
| | | | - Yousef Qan'ir
- School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, US
| | - Lixin Song
- The University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio School of Nursing, San Antonio, United States
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Bahizi S, Mugeni R, Banhart D, Mukankuranga C, Makiriro G, Kirk C, Lotfy N, Flinkenflogel M, Cubaka VK. Glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes in a low resource setting in Rwanda: a prospective cohort study. Pan Afr Med J 2022; 43:74. [PMID: 36590994 PMCID: PMC9789783 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.43.74.35639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction diabetes is a leading cause of death, disability, and high healthcare costs, especially among patients with poor glycemic control. Providing decentralized diabetes care to patients in low-income countries remains a major challenge. We aimed to assess hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) level of patients enrolled in primary-level non-communicable disease clinics of Rwamagana, Rwanda, and identify predictors associated with a) change in HbA1c level over a 6-month period or b) achieving HbA1c <7%. We also explored whether living in a community with a home-based care practitioner was associated with HbA1c-related outcomes. Methods we conducted structured interviews and HbA1c testing among patients with type 2 diabetes at baseline and after six months. Multivariable linear regression and multivariable logistic regression were used. Results hundred and thirty (130) participants enrolled at baseline, and 123 patients remained in the study after six months. At baseline, 26% of patients had HbA1c <7%. After 6-months, 37% of patients had HbA1c <7%. Factors correlated with the greatest improvements in HbA1c were having HbA1c >9% at baseline, while factors associated with having HbA1c <7% after six months included older age and having HbA1c <7% at baseline. We did not find significant associations between home-based care practitioners and improvement in HbA1c level or achieving HbA1c <7. Conclusion the number of patients with well-controlled glycemia improved over time during this study but was still low overall. Care provided by home-based care practitioners was not associated with six-month HbA1c outcomes. Enhanced care is needed to achieve glycemia control in primary healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadallah Bahizi
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda,,Rwamagana Provincial Hospital, Rwanda Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda,,Corresponding author: Sadallah Bahizi, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
| | - Regine Mugeni
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda,,Rwamagana Provincial Hospital, Rwanda Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Dale Banhart
- Partners in Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Rwinkwavu, Rwanda,,Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Gabriel Makiriro
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda,,Rwamagana Provincial Hospital, Rwanda Ministry of Health, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | - Nesma Lotfy
- High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maaike Flinkenflogel
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda,,KIT Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vincent Kalumire Cubaka
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda,,Partners in Health/Inshuti Mu Buzima, Rwinkwavu, Rwanda
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Bolarinwa OA, Nwagbara UI, Okyere J, Ahinkorah BO, Seidu AA, Ameyaw EK, Igharo V. Prevalence and predictors of long-acting reversible contraceptive use among sexually active women in 26 sub-Saharan African countries. Int Health 2021; 14:492-500. [PMID: 34405873 PMCID: PMC9450634 DOI: 10.1093/inthealth/ihab053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) are associated with high efficacy rates and continuity of use. Based on the foregoing, we sought to examine the prevalence and factors associated with LARC use among sexually active women in 26 countries in sub-Saharan Africa(SSA). Methods Secondary data from Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 26 countries in SSA between January 2010 and December 2019 were pooled and analysed. A total of 56 067 sexually active women 15–49 y of age met the inclusion criteria. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to examine the association between selected factors and the use of LARCs in SSA. Results were presented as crude odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with statistical precision at <0.05. Results The prevalence of LARC use was 21.73%, ranging from 1.94% in Namibia to 54.96% in Benin. Sexually active women with secondary or higher education (aOR 1.19 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.08 to 1.32]), those cohabiting (aOR 1.25 [95% CI 1.06 to 1.47]) and those with four or more children (aOR 2.22 [95% CI 1.78 to 2.78]) were more likely to use LARCs compared with those without education, never married and with no biological child. Conclusions The use of LARCs in the 26 countries in SSA was relatively low. Hence, the identified contributory factors of LARC use should be tackled with appropriate interventions. These include continuous campaigns on the efficacy of LARCs in reducing unintended pregnancy, maternal mortality and morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa
- Department of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Ugochinyere Ijeoma Nwagbara
- Department of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Joshua Okyere
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast,PMB, Ghana
| | | | - Abdul-Aziz Seidu
- Department of Population and Health, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast,PMB, Ghana.,College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Services, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, QLD4811, Australia.,Department of Estate Management, Takoradi Technical University, P.O. Box 256, Takoradi, Ghana
| | | | - Victor Igharo
- John's Hopkins Centre for Communications Programs, 111 Market Place Suite 310 Baltimore, MD, USA
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Alemayehu T, Ayalew S, Buzayehu T, Daka D. Magnitude of Cryptococcosis among HIV patients in sub-Saharan Africa countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Afr Health Sci 2020; 20:114-121. [PMID: 33402899 PMCID: PMC7750036 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v20i1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cryptococcus is encapsulated opportunistic yeast that causes life threatening meningoencephalitis of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The magnitude of Cryptococcosis among HIV patients varies from 1–10% in Western countries as opposed to almost a one third of HIV-infected individuals in sub-Saharan Africa where it is associated with high mortality. Methodology By using key terms “Cryptococcosis among HIV patients in sub-saharan Africa countries”, articles that published in different journals from 2010–2017 searched on Pub-Med and Google scholar database. Those freely accessible and included the prevalence of Cryptococcosis in the result section, their PDF file was downloaded and the result extracted manually and presented in table. Articles that did not report the prevalence of Cryptococcosis, with a study design otherthan cross sectional, or a sample size less than 100, and those duplicated in the same study area and period by the same authors were excluded. The article selection followed the PRISMA guidelines and meta- analysis was performed using OpenMeta(analyst). Results The overall pooled magnitude of Cryptococcosis among HIV patients in sub saharan African countries was 8.3% (95%CI 6.1–10.5%). The highest prevalence was from Uganda (19%) and the least was from Ethiopia at 1.6%. There was 87.2 % of substantial heterogeneity among the studies with p-value<0.001. The symmetry ofthe forest plot showed that there was little publication bias. The most commonly used method for diagnosis of Cryptococcosis was lateral flow assay and latex agglutination test and culture was the least method employed. Conclusion The overall pooled magnitude of Cryptococcosisis high among HIV patients in sub-Saharan African countries. The studies showed substantial heterogeneity, and little publication bias. Most of the studies relied on LFA & LA that showed the scarcity of facilities for fungal culture. Therefore, paying attention to screening HIV patients; those with signs and symptoms of meningitis may help to reduce the loss of HIV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsegaye Alemayehu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science Hawassa University College of medicine and health sciences
| | | | - Temesgen Buzayehu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science Hawassa University College of medicine and health sciences
| | - Deresse Daka
- School of Medical Laboratory Science Hawassa University College of medicine and health sciences
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Tonen-Wolyec S, Mbopi-Kéou FX, Koyalta D, Filali M, Batina-Agasa S, Bélec L. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Self-Testing in Adolescents Living in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Advocacy. Niger Med J 2019; 60:165-168. [PMID: 31831933 PMCID: PMC6892330 DOI: 10.4103/nmj.nmj_75_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has become the leading cause of death among adolescents (aged 10-19) in sub-Saharan Africa. Less than 20% of African adolescents know their human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status, whereas HIV testing remains the gateway to care. To end the AIDS epidemic by 2030 according to the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS target, it is necessary to introduce scalable HIV testing strategies specific to different settings such as age groups, populations, and geographical areas. Demonstrated evidence on HIV self-testing (HIVST) in sub-Saharan Africa settings is reported, including data among adolescents. The All In initiative, which is the current international platform for the fight against HIV in adolescents is a good opportunity to address the challenge of HIV testing, including HIVST. Adapted strategies of HIVST such as (i) implementation of several listening and recreation centers for adolescents, (ii) door-to-door HIVST approach, and (iii) reducing the age of consent is urgently needed to promote HIV testing among adolescents living in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Tonen-Wolyec
- Ecole Doctorale Régionale D'Afrique Centrale en Infectiologie Tropicale, Franceville, Gabon.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - François-Xavier Mbopi-Kéou
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I.,The Institute for the Development of Africa, Yaounde
| | | | | | - Salomon Batina-Agasa
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Laurent Bélec
- Laboratory of Virology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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Sobngwi E, Mfeukeu-Kuate L, Kouam M, Tankeu AT, Nganou-Gnindjio CN, Hamadou B, Etoa M, Ngassam E, Nkamgna A, Dehayem MY, Kaze FF, Kengne AP, Mbanya JC. Short-term effects of perindopril-amlodipine vs perindopril-indapamide on blood pressure control in sub-Saharan type 2 diabetic individuals newly diagnosed for hypertension: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2019; 21:1002-1008. [PMID: 31175711 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Poor blood pressure (BP) control contributes to complications in sub-Saharan African (SSA) type 2 diabetic individuals. Experts have advocated the use of combination therapies for effective BP control in these patients. The suggested combinations should include a RAAS antagonist and either a CCB or a thiazide diuretic; however, their efficacy is yet to be established in SSA. We investigated the short-term effects of two combination therapies on BP control in SSA type 2 diabetic individuals. This was a double-blinded randomized controlled trial conducted at the Yaoundé Central Hospital (Cameroon) from October 2016 to May 2017. We included type 2 diabetic patients, newly diagnosed for hypertension. After baseline assessment and 24-hour ABPM, participants were allocated to receive either a fixed combination of perindopril + amlodipine or perindopril + indapamide for 42 days. Data analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle. We included fifteen participants (8 being females) in each group. Both combinations provided good circadian BP control after 6 weeks with similar efficacy. Twenty-four-hour SBP dropped from 144 to 145 mm Hg vs 128 to 126 mm Hg with perindopril-amlodipine and perindopril-indapamide, respectively (P = 0.003 for both groups). Twenty-four-hour DBP dropped from 85 to 78 mm Hg (P = 0.013) vs 89 to 79 mm Hg (P = 0.006) in the same respective groups. No significant adverse effect was reported. A fixed initial combination of perindopril-amlodipine or perindopril-indapamide achieved similar effective BP control after 6 weeks in SSA type 2 diabetic individuals with newly diagnosed hypertension. Therefore, these combinations can be used interchangeably in this indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Sobngwi
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,National Obesity Center, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Liliane Mfeukeu-Kuate
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Cardiology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Merveille Kouam
- National Obesity Center, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Aurel T Tankeu
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,National Obesity Center, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Chris N Nganou-Gnindjio
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Cardiology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ba Hamadou
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Cardiology Unit, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Martine Etoa
- National Obesity Center, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Eliane Ngassam
- National Obesity Center, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ariane Nkamgna
- National Obesity Center, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Mesmin Y Dehayem
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,National Obesity Center, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - François F Kaze
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,University Teaching Hospital of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Andre P Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jean C Mbanya
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.,National Obesity Center, Yaoundé Central Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Mercer T, Chang AC, Fischer L, Gardner A, Kerubo I, Tran DN, Laktabai J, Pastakia S. Mitigating The Burden Of Diabetes In Sub-Saharan Africa Through An Integrated Diagonal Health Systems Approach. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019; 12:2261-2272. [PMID: 31802925 PMCID: PMC6827510 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s207427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic non-communicable disease (NCD) presenting growing health and economic burdens in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Diabetes is unique due to its cross-cutting nature, impacting multiple organ systems and increasing the risk for other communicable and non-communicable diseases. Unfortunately, the quality of care for diabetes in SSA is poor, largely due to a weak disease management framework and fragmented health systems in most sub-Saharan African countries. We argue that by synergizing disease-specific vertical programs with system-specific horizontal programs through an integrated disease-system diagonal approach, we can improve access, quality, and safety of diabetes care programs while also supporting other chronic diseases. We recommend utilizing the six World Health Organization (WHO) health system building blocks - 1) leadership and governance, 2) financing, 3) health workforce, 4) health information systems, 5) supply chains, and 6) service delivery - as a framework to design a diagonal approach with a focus on health system strengthening and integration to implement and scale quality diabetes care. We discuss the successes and challenges of this approach, outline opportunities for future care programming and research, and highlight how this approach can lead to the improvement in the quality of care for diabetes and other chronic diseases across SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Mercer
- Department of Population Health, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX78712, USA
| | | | - Lydia Fischer
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN46202, USA
| | - Adrian Gardner
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN46202, USA
- Department of Medicine, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya
- Indiana Institute for Global Health, Indianapolis, IN46202, USA
| | - Immaculate Kerubo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya
- National Spinal Injury Referral Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Dan N Tran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University College of Pharmacy, Purdue Kenya Partnership P.O. Box 5760, Eldoret 30100, Kenya
| | - Jeremiah Laktabai
- Department of Family Medicine, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Sonak Pastakia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue University College of Pharmacy, Purdue Kenya Partnership P.O. Box 5760, Eldoret 30100, Kenya
- Correspondence: Sonak Pastakia Department of Pharmacy Practice, Purdue Kenya Partnership, Purdue University College of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 5760, Eldoret30100, Kenya Email
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Buhendwa RA, Roelants M, Thomis M, Nkiama CE. Nutritional status and height, weight and BMI centiles of school-aged children and adolescents of 6-18-years from Kinshasa (DRC). Ann Hum Biol 2017; 44:554-561. [PMID: 28535703 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2017.1333149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The last study to establish centiles of main anthropometric measurements in Kinshasa was conducted over 60 years ago, which questions its current adequacy to describe or monitor growth in this population. AIM To assess the nutritional status of school-aged children and adolescents and to estimate centile curves of height, weight and body mass index (BMI). SUBJECTS AND METHODS A representative sample of 7541 school-aged children and adolescents (48% boys) aged 6-18 years was measured between 2010-2013. Smooth centiles of height, weight and BMI-for-age were estimated with the LMS method and compared with the WHO 2007 reference. Nutritional status was assessed by comparing measurements of height and BMI against the appropriate WHO cut-offs. RESULTS Compared to the WHO reference, percentiles of height and BMI were generally lower. This difference was larger in boys than in girls and increased as they approached adolescence. The prevalence of short stature (< -2 SD) and thinness (< -2 SD) was higher in boys (9.8% and 12%) than in girls (3.4% and 6.1%), but the prevalence of overweight (> 1 SD) was higher in girls (8.6%) than in boys (4.5%). CONCLUSION Children from Kinshasa fall below WHO centile references. This study established up-to-date centile curves for height, weight and BMI by age in children and adolescents. These reference curves describe the current status of these anthropometric markers and can be used as a basis for comparison in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudahaba Augustin Buhendwa
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Laboratory of Kinanthropometry and Exercise Physiology , University of Kinshasa , Kinshasa , Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Mathieu Roelants
- b Environment and Health, Department of Public Health Care , KU Leuven-University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Martine Thomis
- c Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Kinesiology, Physical Activity, Sport & Health Research Group , KU-Leuven-University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Constant E Nkiama
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Laboratory of Kinanthropometry and Exercise Physiology , University of Kinshasa , Kinshasa , Democratic Republic of the Congo
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