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Medici V, Kieffer DA, Shibata NM, Chima H, Kim K, Canovas A, Medrano JF, Islas-Trejo AD, Kharbanda KK, Olson K, Su RJ, Islam MS, Syed R, Keen CL, Miller AY, Rutledge JC, Halsted CH, LaSalle JM. Wilson Disease: Epigenetic effects of choline supplementation on phenotype and clinical course in a mouse model. Epigenetics 2016; 11:804-818. [PMID: 27611852 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1231289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD), a genetic disorder affecting copper transport, is characterized by hepatic and neurological manifestations with variable and often unpredictable presentation. Global DNA methylation in liver was previously modified by dietary choline in tx-j mice, a spontaneous mutant model of WD. We therefore hypothesized that the WD phenotype and hepatic gene expression of tx-j offspring could be modified by maternal methyl supplementation during pregnancy. In an initial experiment, female tx-j mice or wild type mice were fed control or choline-supplemented diets 2 weeks prior to mating through embryonic day 17. Transcriptomic analysis (RNA-seq) on embryonic livers revealed tx-j-specific differences in genes related to oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the neurological disorders Huntington's disease and Alzheimer disease. Maternal choline supplementation restored the transcript levels of a subset of genes to wild type levels. In a separate experiment, a group of tx-j offspring continued to receive choline-supplemented or control diets, with or without the copper chelator penicillamine (PCA) for 12 weeks until 24 weeks of age. Combined choline supplementation and PCA treatment of 24-week-old tx-j mice was associated with increased liver transcript levels of methionine metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation-related genes. Sex differences in gene expression within each treatment group were also observed. These results demonstrate that the transcriptional changes in oxidative phosphorylation and methionine metabolism genes in WD that originate during fetal life are, in part, prevented by prenatal maternal choline supplementation, a finding with potential relevance to preventive treatments of WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Medici
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Dorothy A Kieffer
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Noreene M Shibata
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Harpreet Chima
- b Department of Nutrition , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- c Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Angela Canovas
- d Department of Animal Science , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Juan F Medrano
- d Department of Animal Science , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Alma D Islas-Trejo
- d Department of Animal Science , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Kusum K Kharbanda
- e Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Kristin Olson
- f Department of Pathology , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Ruijun J Su
- f Department of Pathology , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Mohammad S Islam
- g Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology , Genome Center, and MIND Institute, University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Raisa Syed
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Carl L Keen
- b Department of Nutrition , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Amy Y Miller
- h Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - John C Rutledge
- h Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Charles H Halsted
- a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , University of California Davis , CA , USA
| | - Janine M LaSalle
- g Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology , Genome Center, and MIND Institute, University of California Davis , CA , USA
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Medici V, Shibata NM, Kharbanda KK, LaSalle JM, Woods R, Liu S, Engelberg JA, Devaraj S, Török NJ, Jiang JX, Havel PJ, Lönnerdal B, Kim K, Halsted CH. Wilson's disease: changes in methionine metabolism and inflammation affect global DNA methylation in early liver disease. Hepatology 2013; 57:555-65. [PMID: 22945834 PMCID: PMC3566330 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Hepatic methionine metabolism may play an essential role in regulating methylation status and liver injury in Wilson's disease (WD) through the inhibition of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) by copper (Cu) and the consequent accumulation of S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). We studied the transcript levels of selected genes related to liver injury, levels of SAHH, SAH, DNA methyltransferases genes (Dnmt1, Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b), and global DNA methylation in the tx-j mouse (tx-j), an animal model of WD. Findings were compared to those in control C3H mice, and in response to Cu chelation by penicillamine (PCA) and dietary supplementation of the methyl donor betaine to modulate inflammatory and methylation status. Transcript levels of selected genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipid synthesis, and fatty acid oxidation were down-regulated at baseline in tx-j mice, further down-regulated in response to PCA, and showed little to no response to betaine. Hepatic Sahh transcript and protein levels were reduced in tx-j mice with consequent increase of SAH levels. Hepatic Cu accumulation was associated with inflammation, as indicated by histopathology and elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and liver tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnf-α) levels. Dnmt3b was down-regulated in tx-j mice together with global DNA hypomethylation. PCA treatment of tx-j mice reduced Tnf-α and ALT levels, betaine treatment increased S-adenosylmethionine and up-regulated Dnmt3b levels, and both treatments restored global DNA methylation levels. CONCLUSION Reduced hepatic Sahh expression was associated with increased liver SAH levels in the tx-j model of WD, with consequent global DNA hypomethylation. Increased global DNA methylation was achieved by reducing inflammation by Cu chelation or by providing methyl groups. We propose that increased SAH levels and inflammation affect widespread epigenetic regulation of gene expression in WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis
| | - Noreene M. Shibata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis
| | - Kusum K. Kharbanda
- Research Service, Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Janine M. LaSalle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis
| | - Rima Woods
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis
| | - Sarah Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis
| | | | | | - Natalie J. Török
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis
| | - Joy X. Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis
| | - Peter J. Havel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis
| | - Bo Lönnerdal
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics, University of California Davis
| | - Charles H. Halsted
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis
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