1
|
Teacă CA, Shahzad A, Duceac IA, Tanasă F. The Re-/ Up-Cycling of Wood Waste in Wood-Polymer Composites (WPCs) for Common Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3467. [PMID: 37631524 PMCID: PMC10459235 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Wood-polymer composites (WPCs) are a class of materials intensively studied and promoted in the context of sustainable development, mainly when aspects related to the increasing awareness of environmental issues and waste management are considered. Feasible opportunities for producing WPCs with value-added properties intended for common applications emerge when polymers, either synthetic or from renewable resources, raw or waste, are employed in re-/up-cycling approaches. In this context, some examples of easily achievable WPCs are presented herein, namely, formulations based on different wood waste and polymer matrices (synthetic: polypropylene and malleated polypropylene as a compatibilizer; natural: plasticized starch). Their level of performance was assessed through different characterization methods (FTIR, WAXD, TGA, DSC, mechanical test, etc.). The benefits and limitations of this approach are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen-Alice Teacă
- Center of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore-Ghica Vodă Alley, 700487 Iaşi, Romania;
| | - Asim Shahzad
- College of Aeronautical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology, Risalpur 23200, Pakistan;
| | - Ioana A. Duceac
- Polyaddition and Photochemistry Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore-Ghica Vodă Alley, 700487 Iaşi, Romania;
| | - Fulga Tanasă
- Polyaddition and Photochemistry Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore-Ghica Vodă Alley, 700487 Iaşi, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Buzzi R, Gugel I, Costa S, Molesini S, Boreale S, Baldini E, Marchetti N, Vertuani S, Pinelli P, Urciuoli S, Baldisserotto A, Manfredini S. Up-Cycling of Olea europaea L. Ancient Cultivars Side Products: Study of a Combined Cosmetic-Food Supplement Treatment Based on Leaves and Olive Mill Wastewater Extracts. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1509. [PMID: 37511885 PMCID: PMC10381166 DOI: 10.3390/life13071509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a reversal of the global economic framework has been taking place: from the linear model, there has been a gradual transition to a circular model where by-products from the agri-food industry are taken and transformed into value products (upcycling) rather than being disposed of. Olive tree pruning represents an important biomass currently used for combustion; however, the leaf part of the olive tree is rich in phenolic substances, including hydroxytyrosol. Mill wastewater is also discarded, but it still contains high amounts of hydroxytyrosol. In this study, cosmetic and food supplement formulations were prepared using biophenols extracted from leaves and wastewater and were tested in a placebo-controlled study on healthy volunteers using a combined cosmetic and food supplement treatment. A significant improvement in skin health indicators (collagen density, elasticity, etc.) and a 17% improvement against Photo-induced Irritative Stimulus was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raissa Buzzi
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Irene Gugel
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Costa
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Boreale
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Erika Baldini
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Nicola Marchetti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Vertuani
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pinelli
- Department of Statistics, Computer Sciences and Applications DiSIA-PHYTOLAB Laboratory, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Urciuoli
- Department of Statistics, Computer Sciences and Applications DiSIA-PHYTOLAB Laboratory, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Anna Baldisserotto
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Manfredini
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dubois C, Plainfossé H, Delcroix M, Trinel M, Verger-Dubois G, Azoulay S, Burger P, Fernandez X. Anti-Aging Potential of a Rosa centifolia Stem Extract with Focus on Phytochemical Composition by Bioguided Fractionation. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200158. [PMID: 35604399 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Agricultural practices generate huge amounts of by-products, often simply discarded as waste that must be processed at some cost. The natural by-products revalorisation as raw material to produce high-added value ingredients for various industrial sectors may pave the way towards more sustainable industrial practices, via an optimised utilisation of natural resources. Integrating the circular economy precepts to production systems is considered to be a more and more promising management solution to significantly reduce the environmental impact of economic activities. This article discusses the valorisation of Rosa centifolia stem to produce a natural extract with cosmetic anti-aging potential. To do so, the cosmetic potential of 30 extracts obtained by maceration of agricultural by-products in a hydroalcoholic solvent was evaluated: their activities, as well as their inhibitory activities of specific enzymes were assessed in vitro to identify those that could be used effectively as anti-ageing actives while meeting the consumer's expectations in terms of sustainability, naturality, transparency and traceability.[1] A hydroalcoholic extract of R. centifolia stem revealed itself particularly promising due to its valuable anti-hyaluronidase and antioxidant activities, and its interesting anti-elastase and anti-inflammatory potential. The bio-guided fractionation of this extract allows the characterisation of three major compounds, e. g., isoquercitrin, quercitrin and euscaphic acid, never identified in R. centifolia previously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Dubois
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ICN, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Hortense Plainfossé
- NissActive, Pépinière InnovaGrasse, Espace Jacques-Louis Lions, 4 traverse Dupont, 06130, Grasse, France
| | - Maïlys Delcroix
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ICN, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Manon Trinel
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ICN, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Grégory Verger-Dubois
- NissActive, Pépinière InnovaGrasse, Espace Jacques-Louis Lions, 4 traverse Dupont, 06130, Grasse, France
| | - Stéphane Azoulay
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ICN, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France
| | - Pauline Burger
- NissActive, Pépinière InnovaGrasse, Espace Jacques-Louis Lions, 4 traverse Dupont, 06130, Grasse, France
| | - Xavier Fernandez
- NissActive, Pépinière InnovaGrasse, Espace Jacques-Louis Lions, 4 traverse Dupont, 06130, Grasse, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, ICN, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice Cedex 2, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mahmoud M, Kraxner J, Kaňková H, Hujová M, Chen S, Galusek D, Bernardo E. Porous Glass Microspheres from Alkali-Activated Fiber Glass Waste. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15031043. [PMID: 35160986 PMCID: PMC8838283 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Fiber glass waste (FGW) was subjected to alkali activation in an aqueous solution with different concentrations of sodium/potassium hydroxide. The activated materials were fed into a methane–oxygen flame with a temperature of around 1600 °C. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of several hydrated compounds, which decomposed upon flame synthesis, leading to porous glass microspheres (PGMs). Pore formation was favored by using highly concentrated activating alkali solutions. The highest homogeneity and yield of PGMs corresponded to the activation with 9 M KOH aqueous solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mokhtar Mahmoud
- FunGlass, Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; (J.K.); (H.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (D.G.)
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jozef Kraxner
- FunGlass, Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; (J.K.); (H.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Hana Kaňková
- FunGlass, Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; (J.K.); (H.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Miroslava Hujová
- FunGlass, Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; (J.K.); (H.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Si Chen
- FunGlass, Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; (J.K.); (H.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Dušan Galusek
- FunGlass, Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass, Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia; (J.K.); (H.K.); (M.H.); (S.C.); (D.G.)
- Joint Glass Centre of the IIC SAS, TnUAD and FChFT STU, 911 50 Trenčín, Slovakia
| | - Enrico Bernardo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tudor EM, Dettendorfer A, Kain G, Barbu MC, Réh R, Krišťák Ľ. Sound-Absorption Coefficient of Bark-Based Insulation Panels. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1012. [PMID: 32365459 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the sound absorption coefficient of bark-based insulation panels made of softwood barks Spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) and Larch (Larix decidua Mill.) by means of impedance tube, with a frequency range between 125 and 4000 Hz. The highest efficiency of sound absorption was recorded for spruce bark-based insulation boards bonded with urea-formaldehyde resin, at a level of 1000 and 2000 Hz. The potential of noise reduction of larch bark-based panels glued with tannin-based adhesive covers the same frequency interval. The experimental results show that softwood bark, an underrated material, can substitute expensive materials that involve more grey energy in sound insulation applications. Compared with wood-based composites, the engineered spruce bark (with coarse-grained and fine-grained particles) can absorb the sound even better than MDF, particleboard or OSB. Therefore, the sound absorption coefficient values strengthen the application of insulation panels based on tree bark as structural elements for the noise reduction in residential buildings, and concurrently they open the new ways for a deeper research in this field.
Collapse
|
6
|
Bourtsalas A, Vandeperre L, Grimes S, Themelis N, Koralewska R, Cheeseman C. Properties of ceramics prepared using dry discharged waste to energy bottom ash dust. Waste Manag Res 2015; 33:794-804. [PMID: 26060195 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x15584846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The fine dust of incinerator bottom ash generated from dry discharge systems can be transformed into an inert material suitable for the production of hard, dense ceramics. Processing involves the addition of glass, ball milling and calcining to remove volatile components from the incinerator bottom ash. This transforms the major crystalline phases present in fine incinerator bottom ash dust from quartz (SiO(2)), calcite (CaCO(3)), gehlenite (Ca(2)Al(2)SiO(7)) and hematite (Fe(2)O(3)), to the pyroxene group minerals diopside (CaMgSi(2)O(6)), clinoenstatite (MgSi(2)O(6)), wollastonite (CaSiO(3)) together with some albite (NaAlSi(3)O(8)) and andradite (Ca(3)Fe(2)Si(3)O(12)). Processed powders show minimal leaching and can be pressed and sintered to form dense (>2.5 g cm(-3)), hard ceramics that exhibit low firing shrinkage (<7%) and zero water absorption. The research demonstrates the potential to beneficially up-cycle the fine incinerator bottom ash dust from dry discharge technology into a raw material suitable for the production of ceramic tiles that have potential for use in a range of industrial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Bourtsalas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK Earth Engineering Centre, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luc Vandeperre
- Centre for Advanced Structural Ceramics and Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sue Grimes
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicolas Themelis
- Earth Engineering Centre, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Chris Cheeseman
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|