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Mokrzycki J, Baran P, Gazda-Grzywacz M, Bator J, Wróbel W, Zarębska K. Decarbonatization of Energy Sector by CO 2 Sequestration in Waste Incineration Fly Ash and Its Utilization as Raw Material for Alkali Activation. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:6094. [PMID: 37763372 PMCID: PMC10532695 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash was subjected to mineral carbonation with the aim of investigating CO2 sequestration in waste material. The conducted study follows the trend of searching for alternatives to natural mineral materials with the ability to sequestrate CO2. The mineral carbonation of MSWI fly ash allowed for the storage of up to 0.25 mmol CO2 g-1. Next, both carbonated and uncarbonated MSWI fly ashes were activated using an alkaline activation method by means of two different activation agents, namely potassium hydroxide and potassium silicate or sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate. Mineral carbonation caused a drop in the compressive strength of alkali-activated materials, probably due to the formation of sodium and/or potassium carbonates. The maximum compressive strength obtained was 3.93 MPa after 28 days for uncarbonated fly ash activated using 8 mol dm-3 KOH and potassium hydroxide (ratio 3:1). The relative ratio of hydroxide:silicate also influenced the mechanical properties of the materials. Both carbonated and uncarbonated fly ashes, as well as their alkali-activated derivatives, were characterized in detail by means of XRD, XRF, and FTIR. Both uncarbonated and carbonated fly ashes were subjected to TG analysis. The obtained results have proved the importance of further research in terms of high-calcium fly ash (HCFA) utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Katarzyna Zarębska
- Department of Coal Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Cracow, Poland; (J.M.); (P.B.); (M.G.-G.); (J.B.); (W.W.)
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Askin B, Kaynarca GB. Value-added processing of seeds from tomato sauce industry and comparison of extraction solvents on the chemical properties. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:5138-5144. [PMID: 36988948 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tomato seed oil (TSO) was obtained using a combined method of pre-keeping in solvent and Soxhlet extraction. A considerable oil yield could not be obtained using samples without drying or grinding, with dried or non-dried seeds, which were not kept in solvent (<2%). For this purpose, oil yield, physicochemical properties, oxidation values, spectrophotometric indices and fatty acid composition of the samples extracted with acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform and petroleum ether were determined. RESULTS Oils obtained by the extraction of petroleum ether (20.36 meq g O2 kg-1 ) and ethyl acetate (11.16 meq g O2 kg-1 ) were found to have very high peroxide values. Besides, a high-quality edible oil should have an anisidine value (p-AnV) of less than 10. Samples extracted with chloroform alone had a p-AnV of 8.86, while slightly higher values were found for other samples (P < 0.05). Chloroform (20.50) and acetone (23.06) both gave the best results and met the expected value, with total oxidation value below 30. Finally, the highest levels of primary fatty acids observed were linoleic acid (32.77-41.95%), palmitic acid (23.75-32.27%), oleic acid (16.17-24.52%), and stearic acid (7.76-12.82%). CONCLUSION This process is applicable to recycling tomato sauce waste and essential oil. The research proved that the seed-drying process and pre-keeping in solvent have an important effect on oil yield, quality and fatty acid composition. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buket Askin
- Food Engineering Department, Kirklareli University, Kirklareli, Turkey
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Manterola-Barroso C, Godoy K, Alarcón D, Padilla D, Meriño-Gergichevich C. Antioxidants in Shell and Nut Yield Components after Ca, Mg and K Preharvest Spraying on Hazelnut Plantations in Southern Chile. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3536. [PMID: 36559648 PMCID: PMC9784436 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To determine the effects of pre-harvest calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K) spraying on the antioxidant activity and capacity of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) shells, as an approach to sustain the utilization of the main residue derived from this industry, four commercial hazelnut (Tonda di Giffoni) orchards located in Southern Chile (Cunco, Gorbea, Perquenco and Radal), during the 2018/19 season were sprayed three times with five combinations of Ca (300 and 600 mg L-1), Mg (300 and 600 mg L-1) and K (300 and 600 mg L-1). Yield components were determined in harvested whole nuts, whereas Ca, Mg and K concentrations, as well as total phenolic compounds, free radical scavenging antioxidant activity, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity, were determined in shells. All spray treatments with both Ca, Mg and K combinations showed a significant interaction between locality and treatment (L × T) on increased stabilized nut yield (kg ha-1) in comparison with the control treatments, whereas nut quality was differentially affected by treatment and orchard locality, thus confirming a significant L × T relationship regarding nut length and kernel yield. However, locality showed a major effect on kernels and shells. A significant relationship was determined between locality and the Ca, Mg and K spraying (L × T) concerning antioxidant compounds such as phenolics, whose amounts exceeded those of the control treatments by three times. Antioxidant capacity and activity in shells showed a significant L × T relationship, and nutshells collected from Cunco showed remarkably (3-4 times) higher levels of these factors than the other evaluated localities. Interactions between spray treatment and orchard location were responsible for the different values obtained in the experiments, confirming the influence of the environment on the efficacy of the treatments. Finally, these shells are worth further study as an interesting residue of the hazelnut industry due to their nutritional and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Manterola-Barroso
- Scientific and Technological Bioresources Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Doctoral Program in Science of Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Laboratory of Physiology and Plant Nutrition for Fruit Trees, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Karina Godoy
- Scientific and Technological Bioresources Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - David Alarcón
- Scientific and Technological Bioresources Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Laboratory of Physiology and Plant Nutrition for Fruit Trees, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Laboratory of Soil Fertility, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Daniela Padilla
- Scientific and Technological Bioresources Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Laboratory of Physiology and Plant Nutrition for Fruit Trees, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Laboratory of Soil Fertility, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Cristian Meriño-Gergichevich
- Scientific and Technological Bioresources Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Doctoral Program in Science of Natural Resources, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Laboratory of Physiology and Plant Nutrition for Fruit Trees, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Laboratory of Soil Fertility, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Department of Agricultural Production, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Environment, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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Waraczewski R, Muszyński S, Sołowiej BG. An Analysis of the Plant- and Animal-Based Hydrocolloids as Byproducts of the Food Industry. Molecules 2022; 27:8686. [PMID: 36557824 PMCID: PMC9782133 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrocolloids are naturally occurring polysaccharides or proteins, which are used to gelatinize, modify texture, and thicken food products, and are also utilized in edible films and drug capsule production. Moreover, several hydrocolloids are known to have a positive impact on human health, including prebiotics rich in bioactive compounds. In this paper, plant-derived hydrocolloids from arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea), kuzu (Pueraria montana var lobata), Sassafras tree (Sassafras albidum) leaves, sugarcane, acorn, and animal-derived gelatin have been reviewed. Hydrocolloid processing, utilization, physicochemical activities, composition, and health benefits have been described. The food industry generates waste such as plant parts, fibers, residue, scales, bones, fins, feathers, or skin, which are often discarded back into the environment, polluting it or into landfills, where they provide no use and generate transport and storage costs. Food industry waste frequently contains useful compounds, which can yield additional income if acquired, thus decreasing the environmental pollution. Despite conventional manufacturing, the aforementioned hydrocolloids can be recycled as byproducts, which not only minimizes waste, lowers transportation and storage expenses, and boosts revenue, but also enables the production of novel, functional, and healthy food additives for the food industry worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Waraczewski
- Department of Dairy Technology and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
| | - Siemowit Muszyński
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Bartosz G. Sołowiej
- Department of Dairy Technology and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
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Amin MN, Khan K, Javed MF, Ewais DYZ, Qadir MG, Faraz MI, Alam MW, Alabdullah AA, Imran M. Forecasting Compressive Strength of RHA Based Concrete Using Multi-Expression Programming. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15113808. [PMID: 35683107 PMCID: PMC9181226 DOI: 10.3390/ma15113808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Rice husk ash (RHA) is a significant pollutant produced by agricultural sectors that cause a malignant outcome to the environment. To encourage the re-use of RHA, this work used multi expression programming (MEP) to construct an empirical model for forecasting the compressive nature of concrete made with RHA (CRHA) as a cement substitute. Thus, the compressive strength of CRHA was developed comprising of 192 findings from the broad and trustworthy database obtained from literature review. The most significant characteristics, namely the specimen’s age, the percentage of RHA, the amount of cement, superplasticizer, aggregates, and the amount of water, were used as input for the modeling of CRHA. External validation, sensitivity analysis, statistical checks, and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) analysis were used to evaluate the models’ performance. It was discovered that the most significant factors impacting the compressive strength of CRHA are the age of the concrete sample (AS), the amount of cement (C) and the amount of aggregate (A). The findings of this study have the potential to increase the re-use of RHA in the production of green concrete, hence promoting environmental protection and financial gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Nasir Amin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.K.); (A.A.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-13-589-5431; Fax: +966-13-581-7068
| | - Kaffayatullah Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.K.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Muhammad Faisal Javed
- Department of Civil Engineering, Abbottabad Campus, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan;
| | - Dina Yehia Zakaria Ewais
- Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt;
| | - Muhammad Ghulam Qadir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Abbottabad Campus, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Iftikhar Faraz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mir Waqas Alam
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Anas Abdulalim Alabdullah
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 380, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (K.K.); (A.A.A.)
| | - Muhammad Imran
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE), National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
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Wenig C, Dunlop JWC, Hehemeyer-Cürten J, Reppe FJ, Horbelt N, Krauthausen K, Fratzl P, Eder M. Advanced materials design based on waste wood and bark. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2021; 379:20200345. [PMID: 34334027 PMCID: PMC8330000 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trees belong to the largest living organisms on Earth and plants in general are one of our main renewable resources. Wood as a material has been used since the beginning of humankind. Today, forestry still provides raw materials for a variety of applications, for example in the building industry, in paper manufacturing and for various wood products. However, many parts of the tree, such as reaction wood, branches and bark are often discarded as forestry residues and waste wood, used as additives in composite materials or burned for energy production. More advanced uses of bark include the extraction of chemical substances for glues, food additives or healthcare, as well as the transformation to advanced carbon materials. Here, we argue that a proper understanding of the internal fibrous structure and the resulting mechanical behaviour of these forest residues allows for the design of materials with greatly varying properties and applications. We show that simple and cheap treatments can give tree bark a leather-like appearance that can be used for the construction of shelters and even the fabrication of woven textiles. This article is part of the theme issue 'Bio-derived and bioinspired sustainable advanced materials for emerging technologies (part 1)'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlett Wenig
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - John W. C. Dunlop
- Department of the Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Morphophysics Group, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johanna Hehemeyer-Cürten
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Friedrich J. Reppe
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Nils Horbelt
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Karin Krauthausen
- Cluster of Excellence ‘Matters of Activity. Image Space Material’ at Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Fratzl
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michaela Eder
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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Li Y, Zhao Z, Gao Y, Li S, Zhou L, Wang J, Wang ZL. Low-Cost, Environmentally Friendly, and High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on a Common Waste Material. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:30776-30784. [PMID: 34165276 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the great progress in human activities and production technologies, the waste inevitably produced causes not only environmental pollution but also resource waste; meanwhile, the mobile and portable electronic devices urgently need a distributed and sustainable energy source to ensure their stable operation. Here, the waste pollutants (milk cartons) generated from daily life, commonly associated with environmental concerns, are instead identified as an available resource for preparing an emerging energy harvester (triboelectric nanogenerator, TENG), which can convert ubiquitous mechanical energy into electric power. Consequently, based on the waste material, the initial charge density of the TENG is as low as 0.035 mC m-2, which can be tremendously improved to 1.00 mC m-2 through combining a charge excitation circuit, achieving efficient energy harvesting. In addition, compared to the common dielectric film, the waste material can reduce the cost and simplify the process of the preparation of TENG. This work provides not only an innovative approach to simultaneously realize environmental protection and energy harvesting but also more material choice for the preparation of a low-cost and high-performance TENG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center on Nanoenergy Research, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yikui Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center on Nanoenergy Research, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Shaoxin Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Linglin Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Center on Nanoenergy Research, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Salas MA, Pérez-Acebo H, Calderón V, Gonzalo-Orden H. Analysis and Economic Evaluation of the Use of Recycled Polyamide Powder in Masonry Mortars. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2657. [PMID: 33187186 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the considerable amount of waste plastics and polymers that are produced annually, the introduction of these waste products in construction materials is becoming a recurrent solution to recycle them. Among polymers, polyamide represents an important proportion of polymer waste. In this study, sustainable and lightweight mortars were designed and elaborated, substituting the aggregates by polyamide powder waste. Mortars were produced with various dosages of cement/aggregates, and the polyamide substitutions were 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the aggregates. The aim of this paper is to determine the density and the compressive strength of the manufactured mortars to observe the feasibility for being employed as masonry or rendering and plastering mortars. Results showed that with increasing polymer substitution, lower densities were achieved, ranging from 1850 to 790 kg/m3 in modified mortars. Mortars with densities below 1300 kg/m3 are cataloged as lightweight mortars. Furthermore, compressive strength also decreased with more polyamide substitution. Obtained values in recycled mortars were between 15.77 and 2.10 MPa, but the majority of the values (eight out of 12) were over 5 MPa. Additionally, an economic evaluation was performed, and it was observed that the use of waste polyamide implies an important cost reduction, apart from the advantage of not having to manage this waste material. Consequently, not only the mechanical properties of the new recycled materials were verified as well as its economic viability.
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Lin YT, Zhuang GL, Wey MY, Tseng HH. The Viable Fabrication of Gas Separation Membrane Used by Reclaimed Rubber from Waste Tires. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112540. [PMID: 33143042 PMCID: PMC7693869 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Improper disposal and storage of waste tires poses a serious threat to the environment and human health. In light of the drawbacks of the current disposal methods for waste tires, the transformation of waste material into valuable membranes has received significant attention from industries and the academic field. This study proposes an efficient and sustainable method to utilize reclaimed rubber from waste tires after devulcanization, as a precursor for thermally rearranged (TR) membranes. The reclaimed rubber collected from local markets was characterized by thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis. The results revealed that the useable rubber in the as-received sample amounted to 57% and was classified as styrene–butadiene rubber, a type of synthetic rubber. Moreover, the gas separation measurements showed that the C7-P2.8-T250 membrane with the highest H2/CO2 selectivity of 4.0 and sufficient hydrogen permeance of 1124.61 GPU exhibited the Knudsen diffusion mechanism and crossed the Robeson trade-off limit. These findings demonstrate that reclaimed rubber is an appealing, cost effective, and sustainable alternative, as a precursor for TR membranes, for application in gas separation. The present approach is useful in the selection of a suitable reclaimed rubber precursor and related membrane preparation parameters, leading to the advancement in the recycling value of waste tires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (G.-L.Z.)
| | - Guo-Liang Zhuang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (G.-L.Z.)
| | - Ming-Yen Wey
- Department of Environmental Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; (Y.-T.L.); (G.-L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.W.); (H.-H.T.); Tel.: +886-4-22840441 (ext. 533) (M.-Y.W.); +886-4-24730022 (ext. 12115) (H.-H.T.)
| | - Hui-Hsin Tseng
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-Y.W.); (H.-H.T.); Tel.: +886-4-22840441 (ext. 533) (M.-Y.W.); +886-4-24730022 (ext. 12115) (H.-H.T.)
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Ferrandez-Villena M, Ferrandez-Garcia CE, Garcia-Ortuño T, Ferrandez-Garcia A, Ferrandez-Garcia MT. The Influence of Processing and Particle Size on Binderless Particleboards Made from Arundo donax L. Rhizome. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E696. [PMID: 32245154 PMCID: PMC7182863 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The giant reed (Arundo donax L.) is considered one of the world's 100 worst invasive species. The main method by which this species propagates is by growth of scattered fragments of rhizome, spreading without control with very strong, deep roots. Agricultural waste consists of lignocellulosic materials that can substitute natural wood and offer a suitable alternative with which to manufacture boards for furniture, packaging and building purposes. The objectives of this work were to obtain binderless particleboards using giant reed rhizome as the raw material, to evaluate their mechanical and physical properties according to the applicable European standards and to assess the self-binding mechanism of the particles in the board. Six types of boards (12 classes) were manufactured with giant reed rhizome biomass. They were manufactured with a temperature of 110 °C, a pressure of 2.5 MPa and pressing times of 7 and 15 min, applying one or two pressing cycles. The results achieved for modulus of rupture (14.2 N/mm2), modulus of elasticity (2052.45 N/mm2) and internal bonding strength (1.12 N/mm2) show that the mechanical properties were improved by using a smaller rhizome particle size and two pressing cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Ferrandez-Villena
- Department of Engineering, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, 03300 Orihuela, Spain; (C.E.F.-G.); (T.G.-O.); (A.F.-G.); (M.T.F.-G.)
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Šikić Pogačar M, Klančnik A, Bucar F, Langerholc T, Smole Možina S. Anti-adhesion activity of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) extract, thyme post-distillation waste, and olive (Olea europea L.) leaf extract against Campylobacter jejuni on polystyrene and intestine epithelial cells. J Sci Food Agric 2016; 96:2723-2730. [PMID: 26304165 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to survive in food-processing environments and cause disease, Campylobacter jejuni requires specific survival mechanisms, such as biofilms, which contribute to its transmission through the food chain to the human host and present a critical form of resistance to a wide variety of antimicrobials. RESULTS Phytochemical analysis of thyme ethanolic extract (TE), thyme post-hydrodistillation residue (TE-R), and olive leaf extract (OE) using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array indicates that the major compounds in TE and TE-R are flavone glucuronides and rosmarinic acid derivatives, and in OE verbascoside, luteolin 7-O-glucoside and oleuroside. TE and TE-R reduced C. jejuni adhesion to abiotic surfaces by up to 30% at 0.2-12.5 µg mL(-1) , with TE-R showing a greater effect. OE from 3.125 to 200 µg mL(-1) reduced C. jejuni adhesion to polystyrene by 10-23%. On the other hand, C. jejuni adhesion to PSI cl1 cells was inhibited by almost 30% over a large concentration range of these extracts. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that TE, the agro-food waste material TE-R, and the by-product OE represent sources of bioactive phytochemicals that are effective at low concentrations and can be used as therapeutic agents to prevent bacterial adhesion. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Šikić Pogačar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
- Medical Faculty, University of Maribor, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia
| | - Anja Klančnik
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Franz Bucar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
| | - Tomaž Langerholc
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Maribor, 2311, Hoče, Slovenia
| | - Sonja Smole Možina
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
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