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Schlegel I, De Goüyon Matignon de Pontourade CMF, Lincke JB, Keller I, Zinkernagel MS, Zysset-Burri DC. The Human Ocular Surface Microbiome and Its Associations with the Tear Proteome in Dry Eye Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14091. [PMID: 37762390 PMCID: PMC10531978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most common ocular surface diseases worldwide, its pathogenesis is incompletely understood, and treatment options are limited. There is growing evidence that complex interactions between the ocular surface microbiome (OSM) and tear fluid constituents, potentially leading to inflammatory processes, are associated with ocular surface diseases such as DED. In this study, we aimed to find unique compositional and functional features of the OSM associated with human and microbial tear proteins in patients with DED. Applying whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing of forty lid and conjunctival swabs, we identified 229 taxa, with Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria being the most abundant phyla and Propionibacterium acnes the dominating species in the cohort. When DED patients were compared to controls, the species Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum was more abundant in conjunctival samples, whereas the family Propionibacteriaceae was more abundant in lid samples. Functional analysis showed that genes of L-lysine biosynthesis, tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide biosynthesis, and the super pathway of L-threonine biosynthesis were enriched in conjunctival samples of controls. The relative abundances of Acinetobacter johnsonii correlated with seven human tear proteins, including mucin-16. The three most abundant microbial tear proteins were the chaperone protein DnaK, the arsenical resistance protein ArsH, and helicase. Compositional and functional features of the OSM and the tear proteome are altered in patients with DED. Ultimately, this may help to design novel interventional therapeutics to target DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Schlegel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (I.S.); (C.M.F.D.G.M.d.P.); (J.-B.L.); (M.S.Z.)
| | | | - Joel-Benjamin Lincke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (I.S.); (C.M.F.D.G.M.d.P.); (J.-B.L.); (M.S.Z.)
| | - Irene Keller
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin S. Zinkernagel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (I.S.); (C.M.F.D.G.M.d.P.); (J.-B.L.); (M.S.Z.)
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Denise C. Zysset-Burri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (I.S.); (C.M.F.D.G.M.d.P.); (J.-B.L.); (M.S.Z.)
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
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Chen C, Zhang Y, Yao X, Li S, Wang G, Huang Y, Yang Y, Zhang A, Liu C, Zhu D, Li H, Yan Q, Ma W. Characterizations of the Gut Bacteriome, Mycobiome, and Virome in Patients with Osteoarthritis. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0171122. [PMID: 36515546 PMCID: PMC9927108 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01711-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays an essential role in the regulation of the immune system and the etiology of human autoimmune diseases. However, a holistic understanding of the gut bacteriome, mycobiome, and virome in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) remains lacking. Here, we explored the gut microbiotas of 44 OA patients and 46 healthy volunteers via deep whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing of their fecal samples. The gut bacteriome and mycobiome were analyzed using a reference-based strategy. Gut viruses were identified from the metagenomic assembled contigs, and the gut virome was profiled based on 6,567 nonredundant viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs). We revealed that the gut microbiome (including bacteriome, mycobiome, and virome) of OA patients is fundamentally altered, characterized by a panel of 279 differentially abundant bacterial species, 10 fungal species, and 627 vOTUs. The representative OA-enriched bacteria included Anaerostipes hadrus (GENOME147149), Prevotella sp900313215 (GENOME08259), Eubacterium_E hallii (GENOME000299), and Blautia A (GENOME001004), while Bacteroides plebeius A (GENOME239725), Roseburia inulinivorans (GENOME 001770), Dialister sp900343095 (GENOME075103), Phascolarctobacterium faecium (GENOME233517), and several members of Faecalibacterium and Prevotella were depleted in OA patients. Fungi such as Debaryomyces fabryi (GenBank accession no. GCA_003708665), Candida parapsilosis (GCA_000182765), and Apophysomyces trapeziformis (GCA_000696975) were enriched in the OA gut microbiota, and Malassezia restricta (GCA_003290485), Aspergillus fumigatus (GCA_003069565), and Mucor circinelloides (GCA_010203745) were depleted. The OA-depleted viruses spanned Siphoviridae (95 vOTUs), Myoviridae (70 vOTUs), and Microviridae (5 vOTUs), while 30 Siphoviridae vOTUs were enriched in OA patients. Functional analysis of the gut bacteriome and virome also uncovered their functional signatures in relation to OA. Moreover, we demonstrated that the OA-associated gut bacterial and viral signatures are tightly interconnected, suggesting that they may impact disease together. Finally, we showed that the multikingdom signatures are effective in discriminating the OA patients from healthy controls, suggesting the potential of gut microbiota for the prediction of OA and related diseases. Our results delineated the fecal bacteriome, mycobiome, and virome landscapes of the OA microbiota and provided biomarkers that will aid in future mechanistic and clinical intervention studies. IMPORTANCE The gut microbiome of OA patients was completely altered compared to that in healthy individuals, including 279 differentially abundant bacterial species, 10 fungal species and 627 viral operational taxonomic units (vOTUs). Functional analysis of the gut bacteriome and virome also revealed their functional signatures in relation to OA. We found that OA-associated gut bacterial and viral signatures were tightly interconnected, indicating that they may affect the disease together. The OA patients can be discriminated effectively from healthy controls using the multikingdom signatures, suggesting the potential of gut microbiota for the prediction of OA and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changming Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Puensum Genetech Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueming Yao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | | | - Guangyang Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yutao Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | | | - Can Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Hufan Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiulong Yan
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wukai Ma
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
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