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Guo C, Yu M, Liu J, Jia Z, Liu H, Zhao S. Molecular mechanism of Wilms tumour 1-associated protein in diabetes-related dry eye disease by mediating m6A methylation modification of lncRNA NEAT1. J Drug Target 2024; 32:200-212. [PMID: 38153328 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2023.2300682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: Dry eye disease (DED) is often secondary to diabetes mellitus (DM).Purpose: This study is to explore the action of Wilms tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP) in DM-DED via lncRNA NEAT1 m6A methylation.Methods: DM-DED mouse models were treated with sh-WTAP/sh-NEAT1, followed by assessment of corneal epithelial damage/histopathological changes. HCE-2 cells were exposed to hyperosmotic conditions to establish in vitro DED models and treated with oe-NEAT1/sh-NEAT1/sh-WTAP/nigericin (an NLRP3 inflammasome inducer). Cell viability/apoptosis were evaluated by CCK-8/TUNEL. Levels of WTAP/NEAT1/inflammatory factors/NLRP3 inflammasome- and apoptosis-related markers were determined. m6A modification was examined by MeRIP-qPCR and NEAT1 stability was also detected.Results: DM-DED mice exhibited up-regulated WTAP/NEAT1 expression and severe corneal damage, whereas WTAP/NEAT1 knockdown alleviated inflammation/corneal damage. In hyperosmolarity-induced HCE-2 cells, NEAT1 aggravated inflammation and apoptosis, while NEAT1 knockdown suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and ameliorated cell injury. Hyperosmolarity-induced WTAP expression increased m6A modification and NEAT1 mRNA stability. WTAP mediated m6A methylation of NEAT1 and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in DM-DED mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingyi Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhe Jia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaozhen Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Peng R, Jie Y, Long Q, Gong L, Zhu L, Zhong X, Zhao S, Yan X, Gu H, Wu H, Li G, Zhang K, Krösser S, Xu R, Hong J. Water-Free Cyclosporine Ophthalmic Solution vs Vehicle for Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Ophthalmol 2024; 142:337-343. [PMID: 38451509 PMCID: PMC10921345 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Importance Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent eye disorder. Cyclosporine is an effective immunomodulator that is widely used in DED; however, due to its highly hydrophobic nature, delivery of cyclosporine to the ocular surface is challenging. Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of SHR8028, a water-free cyclosporine ophthalmic solution, 0.1%, compared with vehicle in Chinese participants with DED. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a multicenter, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, phase 3 randomized clinical trial conducted from March 4, 2021, to July 22, 2022. Adult participants with moderate to severe DED were recruited from 12 hospitals in China. Study data were analyzed April 2, 2022, for the primary analysis. Interventions Following a 14-day run-in period with an artificial tear, participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive water-free cyclosporine or vehicle (1 eye drop in each eye twice daily). After a 29-day treatment, participants of both groups were given the option to receive water-free cyclosporine for an additional 12 weeks for longer-term safety assessment. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary end points were changes from baseline in total corneal fluorescein staining (tCFS) using the National Eye Institute scale and in dryness score on a visual analog scale at day 29. Results A total of 206 participants (mean [SD] age, 47.8 [14.2] years; 185 female [90%]) were enrolled, with 103 each in the cyclosporine group and the vehicle group. At day 29, the cyclosporine group experienced improved tCFS compared with vehicle (change [Δ] = -1.8; 95% CI, -2.7 to -1.0; P < .001), with a tCFS score decrease from baseline of -4.8 in the cyclosporine group and -3.0 in the vehicle group. Dryness score decreased from baseline in both groups (-19.2 vs -15.4; Δ = -3.8; 95% CI, -9.2 to 1.6; P = .17). During the 29-day treatment, treatment-related adverse events were reported in 15 participants (14.6%) in the cyclosporine group and 11 participants (10.7%) in the vehicle group. Conclusions And Relevance Results demonstrated superiority of a water-free cyclosporine, 0.1%, eye solution over vehicle in improving tCFS score at day 29 in Chinese participants with DED. However, dryness score (VAS) was not improved at day 29. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05841043.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongmei Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Jie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Long
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Gong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat, Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xingwu Zhong
- Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Hainan Eye Hospital and Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Sun Yat-sen University, Haikou, China
| | - Shaozhen Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoming Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Gu
- Ophthalmology Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Huping Wu
- Xiamen Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kaiyun Zhang
- Clinical Research & Development, Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co, Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Ruxia Xu
- Clinical Research & Development, Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co, Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Zhang Y, Zhao H. HIV-Associated Meibomian Gland Adenoma With Atypical Hyperplasia. Am J Ophthalmol 2024; 260:e1-e2. [PMID: 38266800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Hongshu Zhao
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China.
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Shah K, Rhee MK. Unraveling the Potential of Water-Free Cyclosporine in Dry Eye Disease. JAMA Ophthalmol 2024; 142:343-344. [PMID: 38451489 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Khushali Shah
- New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Michelle K Rhee
- New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Shtein RM. Cornea Classic: Stern, Beuerman, Fox, Gao, Mircheff, and Pflugfelder, "The Pathology of Dry Eye: The Interaction Between the Ocular Surface and Lacrimal Glands" (1998). Cornea 2024; 43:403. [PMID: 36727869 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In one of the most frequently cited articles from Cornea , Stern et al's "The pathology of dry eye: the interaction between the ocular surface and lacrimal glands" (1998) revolutionized our current understanding of the pathophysiology of dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roni M Shtein
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, MI
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Ali E, Sheikh NT. Could cigarette smoke be associated with metaplastic type of meibomian gland dysfunction? J PAK MED ASSOC 2024; 74:615. [PMID: 38591319 DOI: 10.47391/jpma.10283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Madam,
The meibomian glands are located in the tarsal plates of the eyelids. The diseases involving these glands belong to a broad classification. However, the metaplastic diseases of the meibomian gland are the focus of this letter.1 We intend to propose the possible role of cigarette smoke as an active agent in developing metaplastic type of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).
A meibomian gland is made up of multiple acini that are arranged around a long central duct. Owing to its vigorous function of producing meibum and maintaining tear film stability, the gland requires a constant turnover and differentiation of cells. Consequently, during this intricate cascade of continuous production and differentiation of cells, even a slight deviation from normality can lead to drastic pathological effects.2 We presume that oxidative stress can produce such a pathologic deviation.
One of the most common causes of increased oxidative stress in cells is exposure to cigarette smoke. It has also been experimentally established that cigarette smoke is a well-known inducer of metaplastic changes; especially known to cause squamous metaplasia in the bronchial epithelium.3 Therefore, exposure to cigarette smoke may also be a culprit when the meibomian orifice, owing to its superficial location on the eyelid, is exposed to the components of cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke contains carbon particles and other toxic compounds that begin the cascade of inflammation and during the attempts of phagocytic elimination of these toxic compounds, inflammatory damage to DNA and proteins can occur.4 The aspect of protein damage and hyperkeratinization in response to increased oxidative stress has already been studied and implicated in the pathogenesis of MGD.2 Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that EGF (Epidermal Growth Factor) is produced in epithelial cells in response to smoke and that further increases the possibility of metaplastic as well as hyperplastic changes.5
Therefore, we suggest that there exists a strong relation between exposure to cigarette smoke and the development of metaplastic meibomian gland dysfunction. Further studies in this regard might help in prevention, as well as newer diagnostic approaches towards MGD especially in populations exposed to cigarette smoke on a regular basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtahaile Ali
- 4th Year MBBS Student, Ameer-Ud-Din Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
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Cehelyk EK, Crespo MA, Syed ZA. Publication Rates of Registered Corneal Trials on ClinicalTrials.gov. Cornea 2024; 43:356-359. [PMID: 37404122 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to characterize cornea-centered clinical trials, completed before 2020, registered on ClinicalTrials.gov and identify discrepancies in publication. METHODS ClinicalTrials.gov, a database from the National Institutes of Health, was queried to identify registered cornea-related clinical trials. Trials were included if they were interventional and completed before January 1, 2020. ClinicalTrials.gov, PubMed.gov, and Google Scholar were then searched to evaluate publications from the trial. Data collected for each trial included sponsor, intervention type, phase, dry eye focus, and location of the principal investigator. RESULTS A total of 520 trials were included in the final analysis. Of all studies, 270 (51.9%) were found to have published results. Industry-sponsored studies were associated with drug intervention trials, dry eye focus, and the principal investigator's location within the United States ( P < 0.05 for all). Nonindustry sponsors were associated with device and procedure intervention trials ( P < 0.05 for both). Overall, trials that were categorized as procedure interventions were published at a significantly higher rate than other interventional categories (64.2% vs. 50.1%; P = 0.03). Subgroup analysis revealed that among nonindustry studies, late-phase trials and procedural-based trials were published at a significantly higher rate compared with other studies (67.2% vs. 51.6%; P = 0.04 and 67.8% vs. 51.6%; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Only 51.9% of registered interventional cornea-based clinical trials result in publications in the peer-reviewed literature, highlighting potential publishing discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zeba A Syed
- Cornea Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
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Li ZZ, Zou YP, Zhu H, Zeng WZ, Ding Y, Su JZ, Yu GY. Author Response: Concerns About a Dog Model of Dry Eye Disease. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:26. [PMID: 38547121 PMCID: PMC10981437 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.3.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zheng Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ping Zou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Zhen Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Zeng Su
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yan Yu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, China
- e-mail:
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Tosi U, Jackson C, D'Souza G, Rabinowitz M, Farrell C, Parsel SM, Anand VK, Kacker A, Tabaee A, Zenonos GA, Snyderman CH, Wang EW, Evans J, Rosen M, Nyquist G, Gardner PA, Schwartz TH. Endoscopic endonasal repair of encephaloceles of the lateral sphenoid sinus: multiinstitution confirmation of a new classification. J Neurosurg 2024; 140:705-711. [PMID: 37877971 DOI: 10.3171/2023.7.jns23544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Encephaloceles of the lateral sphenoid sinus are rare. Originally believed to be due to defects in a patent lateral craniopharyngeal canal (Sternberg canal), they are now thought to originate more commonly from idiopathic intracranial hypertension, not unlike encephaloceles elsewhere in the skull base. A new classification of these encephaloceles was recently introduced, which divided them in relation to the foramen rotundum. Whether this classification can be applied to a larger cohort from multiple institutions and whether it might be useful in predicting outcome is unknown. Thus, the authors' goal was to divide a multiinstitutional cohort of patients with lateral sphenoid encephaloceles into four subtypes to determine their incidence and any correlation with surgical outcome. METHODS A multicenter retrospective review of prospectively acquired databases was carried out across three institutions. Cases were categorized into one of four subtypes (type I, Sternberg canal; type II, medial to rotundum; type III, lateral to rotundum; and type IV, both medial and lateral with rotundum enlargement). Demographic and outcome metrics were collected. Kaplan-Meyer curves were used to determine the rate of recurrence after surgical repair. RESULTS A total of 49 patients (71% female) were included. The average BMI was 32.8. All encephaloceles fell within the classification scheme. Type III was the most common (71.4%), followed by type IV (16.3%), type II (10.2%), and type I (2%). Cases were repaired endonasally, via a transpterygoidal approach. Lumbar drains were placed in 78% of cases. A variety of materials was used for closure, with a nasoseptal flap used in 65%. After a mean follow-up of 47 months, there were 4 (8%) CSF leak recurrences, all in patients with type III or type IV leaks and all within 1 year of the first repair. Two leaks were fixed with ventriculoperitoneal shunt and reoperation, 1 with ventriculoperitoneal shunt only, and 1 with a lumbar drain only. Of 45 patients in whom detailed information was available, there were 12 (26.7%) with postoperative dry eye or facial numbness, with facial numbness occurring in type III or type IV defects only. CONCLUSIONS Endoscopic endonasal repair of lateral sphenoid wing encephaloceles is highly successful, but repair may lead to dry eye or facial numbness. True Sternberg (type I) leaks were uncommon. Failures and facial numbness occurred only in patients with type III and type IV leaks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina Jackson
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh; and
| | - Glen D'Souza
- Departments of3Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and
| | | | | | - Sean M Parsel
- Departments of3Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and
| | - Vijay K Anand
- 4Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ashutosh Kacker
- 4Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Abtin Tabaee
- 4Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Georgios A Zenonos
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh; and
| | - Carl H Snyderman
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh; and
| | - Eric W Wang
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh; and
| | - James Evans
- 5Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marc Rosen
- Departments of3Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and
- 5Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gurston Nyquist
- Departments of3Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and
- 5Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul A Gardner
- 2Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh; and
| | - Theodore H Schwartz
- Departments of1Neurological Surgery, and
- 4Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
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Szczesna-Iskander DH, Llorens-Quintana C. Agreement between invasive and noninvasive measurement of tear film breakup time. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3852. [PMID: 38360909 PMCID: PMC10869834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The agreement between fluorescein breakup time (FBUT) estimates and noninvasive breakup time (NIBUT) estimates automatically acquired using two videokeratoscopes was assessed. Small-cone (E300, Medmont) and large-bowl (K5M, OCULUS) Placido-ring-based videokeratoscopes were utilized for automated NIBUT estimation and fluorescein strip method was used for FBUT estimation. 33 subjects completed the study. Clear instructions were given regarding the blink before measurements. Bland-Altman analysis was used to test the agreement between tear film breakup time estimates and repeated measure analysis of variance was used to test the differences between measurement types. In comparison to FBUT, E300 NIBUT estimate was shorter (- 0.6 ± 2.6 s), whereas K5M NIBUT estimate was longer (3.3 ± 2.4 s). Limits of agreement for FBUT vs. E300 was 29.8 s, for FBUT vs. K5M 26.4 s, and 31.4 s for E300 vs. K5M. There were significant differences between tear film breakup times (F = 3.59, df = 2, P = 0.032). E300 and K5M NIBUT measurements have poor agreement with FBUT, even when blinking is precisely clarified. Agreement was better for shorted break up times than that for longer ones but in general NIBUT measurements are not interchangeable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota H Szczesna-Iskander
- Department of Optics and Photonics, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Clara Llorens-Quintana
- Department of Optometry and Vision, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Li BQ, Zhang FJ. [Research advances in myopic children with dry eye]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2024; 60:193-199. [PMID: 38296326 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20231130-00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Myopia is a global public health issue, particularly prevalent in China, with a rising trend in recent years. The increased use of computers, smartphones, and video display terminals has led to frequent dry eye symptoms, such as blinking, among myopic students. Studies have revealed a higher incidence of dry eye in myopic children compared to emmetropic children, significantly impacting their learning and quality of life. However, ophthalmologists have traditionally focused more on the prevention and control of myopia, often neglecting ocular surface health awareness in children. It is essential to understand the potential impact of myopia on dry eyes in children and whether there is a difference in dry eye prevalence. This article reviews the current state of research on childhood myopia-related dry eye, encompassing epidemiology, pathogenesis, and risk factors, aiming to provide clinical reference for intervention, prevention, and precise treatment of dry eyes in myopic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Q Li
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - F J Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Arslan N, Kocamis SI, Bilgic AA, Acar M, Kesimal B. Evaluation of dry eye disease and corneal epithelial mapping in patients with lower eyelid ectropion. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:18. [PMID: 38324126 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-02966-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the corneal epithelial mapping, ocular surface parameters and their relationship with each other in lower eyelid ectropion patients according to severity. METHODS This retrospective study included 48 lower eyelid ectropion patients and 63 healthy individuals as control group. Ocular surface and tear functions were evaluated with ocular surface staining score, tear film break-up time (BUT), non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT) and ocular surface disease index (OSDI). Meibography scores and corneal epithelial thickness (CET) mapping were evaluated. The lower eyelid ectropion was classified and divided into subgroups as follows: mild, moderate and severe. RESULTS There was no significant differences between the groups for age and gender. Compared to controls, CET was significantly thinner at inferior (p = 0.047) and inferior nasal quadrants (p = 0.023) in the ectropion patients. Lower BUT and NIBUT, higher OSDI scores and higher ocular surface staining were observed in the ectropion patients. In the subgroups determined according to the severity of ectropion, ocular surface damage was found to be significantly higher as the severity of ectropion increased (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with lower eyelid ectropion had worse ocular surface findings and more ocular complaints. Furthermore, the inferior and inferior nasal CETs were thinner in patients with lower ectropion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nese Arslan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sucattin Ilker Kocamis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Alp Bilgic
- Department of Ophthalmology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Mutlu Acar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bedia Kesimal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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O'Malley K, Jumper S. A Pain in the Eye. Am Fam Physician 2024; 109:179-180. [PMID: 38393806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin O'Malley
- Temple University Hospital and Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen Jumper
- Dartmouth Health-New London Hospital, New London, New Hampshire
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14
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Koh S. Galápagosization: Diquafosol for Dry Eyes. Eye Contact Lens 2024; 50:57-58. [PMID: 38284907 DOI: 10.1097/icl.0000000000001071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Shizuka Koh
- Department of Innovative Visual Science (S.K.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and Department of Ophthalmology (S.K.), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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15
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Badami KG, McKellar M. Reactions to serum eye drops-New Zealand experience and review of the literature. Transfus Med 2024; 34:61-65. [PMID: 37947132 DOI: 10.1111/tme.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum eye drops (SED) are used to treat ocular surface disease. Reactions to SED are poorly documented. METHODS We present our experience of self-reported reactions in New Zealand to SED (25%; autologous, allogeneic, or both) between 2003 and 2023, and a focused review of the literature. RESULTS In total, 1067 patients received SED treatment (562 autologous, 318 allogeneic, and 187 both). Three (0.5% of those treated with allogeneic SED) reported reactions. All appeared to be allergic. All were associated with allogeneic SED. We have information on two patients: one had an eye reaction; in the other, the gastrointestinal tract was involved. The literature contains few reports of reactions to SED. They have involved both autologous and allogeneic SED, and various SED concentrations. None appears to have been severe. Notably, no eye or systemic infections have been reported. CONCLUSIONS Information on the types and frequencies of reactions to SED is poor. This may be due to: serum being less likely to cause reactions; eyes being resistant to reactions; reactions being rare, and insufficient use of SED having occurred; under-reporting related to SED use at home and reactions being mild. More robust monitoring for reactions to SED is needed.
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Goel R, Saini S, Golhait P, Shah S. Association of primary chronic dacryocystitis and meibomian gland dysfunction. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024; 72:185-189. [PMID: 38099354 PMCID: PMC10941948 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1449_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the association between meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and primary chronic dacryocystitis (PCD) and the effect of dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) on tear film stability and MGD. METHODS This prospective, interventional, non-randomized study involved 50 unilateral acquired PCD cases and 50 age-matched healthy controls. Patients with lid abnormalities, ocular trauma, previous ocular surgery, contact lens wearers, and chronic topical or systemic drug users were excluded from the study. After a detailed history, the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) was calculated. The ocular assessment included visual acuity, tear meniscus height (TMH), tear break-up time (TBUT), tear well diameter (TWD), Schirmer 1 test, meibomian gland (MG) expressibility, and meibography. PCD eyes underwent external DCR, and the tests were repeated after 8 weeks. RESULTS The mean age of PCD cases was 42.58 ± 12.74 years, the male: female ratio was 7:19, and the mean duration of epiphora was 2.2 ± 1 years. The MG expressibility grade of ≥2 was seen in 98% (49/50) PCD eyes, which was strongly associated with PCD as compared to controls (OR = 563, P = 0.00, 95% CI = 60.71-5229.70). MG loss ≥50% was seen in 62% (31/50) of PCD eyes and none of the control eyes. Following DCR, MG loss remained unchanged, and a significant decrease occurred in OSDI scores, TWD and Schirmer 1 values, and MG expressibility grade (Z = -6.85). The mean TMH decreased from 767.60 ± 331.60 µm to 384 ± 204.29 µm ( P = 0.004) post DCR. CONCLUSIONS PCD is strongly associated with MGD. DCR reverses the functional MG changes with improvement in the tear film stability but no effect on MG loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Goel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guru Nanak Eye Centre, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Swati Saini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guru Nanak Eye Centre, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Golhait
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guru Nanak Eye Centre, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Shalin Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guru Nanak Eye Centre, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
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17
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Lan G, Fang X, Zhong Y, Luo S, Xiao X, Xie Z, Luo L, Zhang Y, Li H, Lin Y, Wu H. Evaluation of lymphotoxin-alpha in pterygium and diagnostic value in active and inactive pterygium states. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1866. [PMID: 38253817 PMCID: PMC10803762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52382-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the correlation between tear LT-a, pterygium status, and dry eye indicators. We established a diagnostic model to evaluate active pterygium. A retrospective study was conducted between June 2021 and June 2023 on 172 patients, comprising 108 men and 64 women. The study analyzed LT-a and various ocular parameters in all participants. The data was collected using Excel software and analyzed using SPSS 25.0 statistical software and Medcalc. We made a nomogram diagnostic model to different diagnosed the state of pterygium. This study found that pterygium has progressive eye surface damage during the active state. There was no significant difference in dry eye indicators between the two groups. However, the concentration of LT-a in the active group was significantly lower than that in the inactive group (P < 0.001). We observed that increased pterygium grade corresponded to a worse ocular surface condition. In addition, LT-a was significantly positively correlated with disease duration, but negatively correlated with age, pterygium size, active pterygium state, and LLT value. The optimal intercept value for evaluating active pterygium in Lt-a was ≤ 0.49 dg/ml. We screened three variables for evaluating active pterygium through Single and Multiple regression analysis: LT-a grading, pterygium size, and congestion score. Finally, we made a reliable diagnostic nomogram model. Pterygium development triggers immune inflammation. Our model based on LT-a identifies active pterygium for personalized treatment options and new research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Lan
- Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Translational Medicine Institute of Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xie Fang
- Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Translational Medicine Institute of Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yanlin Zhong
- Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Translational Medicine Institute of Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shunrong Luo
- Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Translational Medicine Institute of Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xianwen Xiao
- Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Translational Medicine Institute of Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zhiwen Xie
- Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Translational Medicine Institute of Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lianghuan Luo
- Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Translational Medicine Institute of Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yiqiu Zhang
- Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Translational Medicine Institute of Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hanqiao Li
- Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Translational Medicine Institute of Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Translational Medicine Institute of Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Huping Wu
- Xiamen Eye Center and Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Xiamen Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Corneal and Ocular Surface Diseases, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Translational Medicine Institute of Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Chen Z, Lin S, Xu Y, Lu L, Zou H. Unique composition of ocular surface microbiome in the old patients with dry eye and diabetes mellitus in a community from Shanghai, China. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:19. [PMID: 38200418 PMCID: PMC10777597 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the variations in microbiome abundance and diversity on the ocular surfaces of diabetic patients suffering from dry eye within a community setting. The goal is to offer theoretical insights for the community-level prevention and treatment of dry eye in diabetic cohorts. METHODS Dry eye screening was performed in the Shanghai Cohort Study of Diabetic Eye Disease (SCODE) from July 15, 2021, to August 15, 2021, in the Xingjing community; this study included both a population with diabetes and a normal population. The population with diabetes included a dry eye group (DM-DE, n = 40) and a non-dry eye group (DM-NoDE, n = 39). The normal population included a dry eye group (NoDM-DE, n = 40) and a control group (control, n = 39). High-throughput sequencing of the 16 S rRNA V3-V4 region was performed on conjunctival swab from both eyes of each subject, and the composition of microbiome on the ocular surface of each group was analyzed. RESULTS Significant statistical differences were observed in both α and β diversity of the ocular surface microbiome among the diabetic dry eye, diabetic non-dry eye, non-diabetic dry eye, and normal control groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The study revealed distinct microecological compositions on the ocular surfaces between the diabetic dry eye group and other studied groups. Firmicutes and Anoxybacillus were unique bacterial phyla and genera in the dry eye with DM group, while Actinobacteria and Corynebacterium were unique bacterial phyla and genera in the normal control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangling Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Senlin Lin
- Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center/Shanghai, Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center/Shanghai, Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Lu
- Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center/Shanghai, Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No. 100, Haining Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200080, China.
- Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center/Shanghai, Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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19
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Maehara H, Norikawa K, Tanaka K, Kato Y, Kasai A, Mukai R, Omori T, Machida T, Sekine H, Sekiryu T. Complement activation products in tears of dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:43. [PMID: 38168536 PMCID: PMC10761822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46634-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sixty-seven patients (38 woman; median age, 69 years) were enrolled to assess complement activation products (CAPs) in tear fluid with/without dry eye (DE) and with/without meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). Patients were divided into four groups based on the presence/absence of DE and MGD: group DM had both DE and MGD, group DN had DE without MGD, group NM had MGD without DE, and group NN had neither DE nor MGD. The levels of C3a and C5a in the collected tears were analyzed using a cytometric bead array. The C3a concentrations in the DM, DN, NM, and NN groups were 2326 pg/ml, 1411 pg/ml, 1821 pg/ml, and 978 pg/ml, respectively. The C5a concentrations in the DM, DN, NM, and NN groups were 24.7 pg/ml, 15.3 pg/ml, 24.1 pg/ml, and 12.9 pg/ml, respectively. The concentrations of C3a and C5a in the DM and NM groups were significantly higher than in the NN group (P < 0.05 for both comparisons). The CAPs in the tear fluid in MGD and DE increased. Local dysregulation of the innate immune system can be associated with the development of MGD and DE in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Maehara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka 1, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan.
| | - Koki Norikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka 1, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Tanaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka 1, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kato
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka 1, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
| | - Akihito Kasai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka 1, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
| | - Ryo Mukai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka 1, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
| | - Tomoko Omori
- Department of Immunology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Machida
- Department of Immunology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hideharu Sekine
- Department of Immunology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tetsuju Sekiryu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Hikarigaoka 1, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan.
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Jung V, Krösser S, Burian G, Grillenberger R, Korward J, Roesky C. Further contribution to the discussion on perfluorohexyloctane eye drops in dry eye disease. Sci Total Environ 2024; 906:168040. [PMID: 37879467 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Jung
- Novaliq GmbH Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 515, 79120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sonja Krösser
- Novaliq GmbH Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 515, 79120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Burian
- Novaliq GmbH Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 515, 79120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Grillenberger
- Novaliq GmbH Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 515, 79120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Korward
- Novaliq GmbH Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 515, 79120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Roesky
- Novaliq GmbH Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 515, 79120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Telfah A, Al-Akhras MA, AlShheamat H, Mousa MS, Jum'h I, Albawab AQ, Tolstik E, Dierks J, Hergenröder R. Dissociation Kinetics and Antimicrobial Activity of Ofloxacin Antibiotic in Artificial Tears Via 1H-NMR, Raman, and UV-Vis Spectroscopic Analysis. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2024; 40:78-88. [PMID: 38252789 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2023.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The hydrogen-bonded networks play a significant role in influencing several physicochemical properties of ofloxacin in artificial tears (ATs), including density, pH, viscosity, and self-diffusion coefficients. The activities of the ofloxacin antibiotic with Ats mixtures are not solely determined by their concentration but are also influenced by the strength of the hydrogen bonding network which highlight the importance of considering factors such as excessive tear production and dry eye conditions when formulating appropriate dosages of ofloxacin antibiotics for eye drops. Objectives: Investigating the physicochemical properties of ofloxacin-ATs mixtures, which serve as a model for understanding the impact of hydrogen bonding on the antimicrobial activity of ofloxacin antibiotic eye drops. Determine the antimicrobial activities of the ofloxacin-Ats mixture with different concentration of ofloxacin. Methods: The ofloxacin-ATs mixtures were analyzed using 1H-NMR, Raman, and UV-Vis spectroscopies, with variation of ofloxacin concentration to study its dissociation kinetics in ATs, mimicking its behavior in human eye tears. The investigation includes comprehensive analysis of 1H-NMR spectral data, self-diffusion coefficients, Raman spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, liquid viscosity, and acidity, providing a comprehensive assessment of the physicochemical properties. Results: Analysis of NMR chemical shifts, linewidths, and self-diffusion coefficient curves reveals distinct patterns, with peaks or minima observed around 0.6 ofloxacin mole fraction dissociated in ATs, indicating a strong correlation with the hydrogen bonding network. Additionally, the pH data exhibits a similar trend to viscosity, suggesting an influence of the hydrogen bonding network on protonic ion concentrations. Antibacterial activity of the ofloxacin-ATs mixtures is evaluated through growth rate analysis against Salmonella typhimurium, considering varying concentrations with mole fractions of 0.1, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 0.9. Conclusions: The antibiotic-ATs mixture with a mole fraction of 0.6 ofloxacin exhibited lower activity compared to mixtures with mole fractions of 0.1 and 0.4, despite its lower concentration. The activities of the mixtures are not solely dependent on concentration but are also influenced by the strength of the hydrogen bonding network. These findings emphasize the importance of considering tear over-secretion and dry eye problems when designing appropriate doses of ofloxacin antibiotics for eye drop formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Telfah
- Nanotechnology Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Physics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - M-Ali Al-Akhras
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Haya AlShheamat
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Marwan S Mousa
- Surface Physics and Materials Technology Lab, Department of Physics, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Inshad Jum'h
- School of Basic Science and Humanities, German Jordanian University (GJU), Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Elen Tolstik
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Johann Dierks
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Roland Hergenröder
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Dortmund, Germany
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Chang J, Lin X, Kang Z, Xu R, Xue C. The unique properties of tear film breakup process in patients with nasal unilateral pterygium. Optom Vis Sci 2024; 101:62-70. [PMID: 37890114 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000002084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE This study found that the unique properties of tear film breakup process in eyes with pterygium, combined with ocular surface parameters, further revealed specific dynamic mechanism. It suggested that the thickness of pterygium was especially valuable in deciding the necessity of surgical management. PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the dynamic mechanism of tear film instability in eyes with pterygium. METHODS A paired-eye controlled cross-sectional study was conducted. Seventy-eight patients with nasal pterygium were enrolled. Fluorescein tear film breakup was observed. Several key parameters related to tear film quality were defined and analyzed, including total breakup area (mathematically derived from pixel size using MATLAB), breakup velocity, fluorescein breakup time, breakup location and pattern, tear meniscus height, score of fluorescein corneal staining, and meiboscore. RESULTS With comparable tear meniscus height, score of fluorescein corneal staining, and meiboscore between paired eyes (p > 0.05), eyes with pterygium had shorter breakup time, larger breakup area, and faster breakup velocity (p < 0.05). In eyes with pterygium, a positive correlation between meiboscore and pterygium parameters including length, thickness, and size was observed (p > 0.001). As the thickness increased, difference of breakup time and area between paired eyes increased (p = 0.02 and 0.046). Eyes with pterygium had more fixed inferonasal breakup location and often presented as dimple break (60%), whereas random break was the most common in contralateral normal eyes (62%). A unique breakup pattern named pterygium-induced local dimple break was found. It displayed as an irregular but vertical line-like shape appearing after lipid layer spreading, which was adjacent to the lower margin of pterygium and presented with unique properties including inferonasal breakup location, local breakup area, shorten breakup time, and faster breakup velocity. CONCLUSIONS Eyes with pterygium showed a unique tear film breakup process and novel breakup pattern named pterygium-induced local dimple break . Dynamic mechanism played a significant role in tear film instability of eyes with pterygium rather than aqueous deficiency and increased evaporation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Renfeng Xu
- Truhlsen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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23
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Nair S, Vanathi M. Ocular graft versus host disease. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024; 72:149-150. [PMID: 38131598 PMCID: PMC10841777 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2884_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sridevi Nair
- Cornea, Cataract and Refractive Surgery Services, Dr R P Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Murugesan Vanathi
- Cornea, Cataract and Refractive Surgery Services, Dr R P Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Huang B, Zhang N, Qiu X, Zeng R, Wang S, Hua M, Li Q, Nan K, Lin S. Mitochondria-targeted SkQ1 nanoparticles for dry eye disease: Inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation by preventing mitochondrial DNA oxidation. J Control Release 2024; 365:1-15. [PMID: 37972763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial ocular surface disorder mutually promoted by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ocular surface inflammation. NLRP3 is the key regulator for inducing ocular surface inflammation in DED. However, the mechanism by which ROS influences the bio-effects of NLRP3, and the consequent development of DED, largely remains elusive. In the present study, we uncovered that robust ROS can oxidate mitochondrial DNA (ox-mtDNA) along with loss of mitochondria compaction causing the cytosolic release of ox-mtDNA and subsequent co-localization with cytosolic NLRP3, which can promote the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and stimulate NLRP3-mediated inflammation. Visomitin (also known as SkQ1), a mitochondria-targeted anti-oxidant, could reverse such a process by in situ scavenging of mitochondrial ROS. To effectively deliver SkQ1, we further developed a novel mitochondria-targeted SkQ1 nanoparticle (SkQ1 NP) using a charge-driven self-assembly strategy. Compared with free SkQ1, SkQ1 NPs exhibited significantly higher cytosolic- and mitochondrial-ROS scavenging activity (1.7 and 1.9 times compared to levels of the free SkQ1 group), thus exerting a better in vitro protective effect against H2O2-induced cell death in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). After topical administration, SkQ1 NPs significantly reduced in vivo mtDNA oxidation, while suppressing the expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1, and IL-1β, which consequently resulted in better therapeutic effects against DED. Results suggested that by efficiently scavenging mitochondrial ROS, SkQ1 NPs could in situ inhibit DED-induced mtDNA oxidation, thus blocking the interaction of ox-mtDNA and NLRP3; this, in turn, suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and NLRP3-mediated inflammatory signaling. Results suggested that SkQ1 NPs have great potential as a new treatment for DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoshan Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Na Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; First Affiliated Hospital of Northwestern University, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Xi'an 710002, China
| | - Xinying Qiu
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Rui Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Shuimiao Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Mengxia Hua
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Qing Li
- Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Kaihui Nan
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
| | - Sen Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Engineering Research Center of Clinical Functional Materials and Diagnosis & Treatment Devices of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325000, China; School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China.
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Luo S, Djotyan GP, Joshi R, Juhasz T, Brown DJ, Jester JV. Modeling meibum secretion: Alternatives for obstructive Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD). Ocul Surf 2024; 31:56-62. [PMID: 38042297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE While changes in meibum quality are correlated with severity of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and dry eye disease, little is known regarding the mechanics of meibum secretion. The purpose of this study was to develop a finite element model of meibum secretion and evaluate the effect of various factors that might impact meibum delivery to the ocular surface. METHODS A finite element analysis in COMSOL 6.0 was used to simulate the flow of meibum within the gland's terminal excretory duct. Historical normal human meibum rheology data taken over the meibum melting range from fluid (35-40 °C) to solid (25-30 °C) were then used to calculate the minimum yield stress and plastic viscosity of meibum. The effects of meibum melting state, eyelid pressure and terminal duct diameter on meibum flow rates were then systematically investigated. RESULTS The melting state of meibum from liquid to solid was associated with an increase in the minimum yield stress and plastic viscosity that caused an exponential decrease in meibum flow. Modeling also established that there was a linear correlation between meibum flow rate and eyelid pressure needed to express meibum and the 4th power of the terminal duct radius. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that changes in the melting state of meibum from fluid to solid, as well as changes in the radius of the terminal excretory duct and the force exerted by the eyelid can lead to dramatic decreases in the flow of meibum. Together these findings suggest alternative mechanisms for meibomian gland obstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangbang Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Gagik P Djotyan
- Institute for Particle & Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rohan Joshi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Tibor Juhasz
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Donald J Brown
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - James V Jester
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA.
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26
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Fries FN, Moslemani K, Utheim TP, Seitz B, Käsmann-Kellner B, Lagali NS. Early ocular surface and tear film status in congenital aniridia indicates a supportive treatment window. Br J Ophthalmol 2023; 108:30-36. [PMID: 36517210 PMCID: PMC10804021 DOI: 10.1136/bjo-2021-320774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate changes in the ocular surface and tear film with age and mutational status in congenital aniridia. METHODS 45 participants with congenital aniridia (89 eyes) in a prospective, cross-sectional study. Whole-exome sequencing identified the causative mutation. Examinations included slit-lamp biomicroscopy, in vivo confocal microscopy, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, blink rate, Schirmer I test, Oxford Staining Score (OSS), tear film break-up time (TFBUT) and Ocular Protection Index (OPI). RESULTS There were age-dependent increases in OSDI (β=0.34, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.66; p=0.030), blink rate (β=0.18, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.27; p<0.001) and OSS (β=0.05, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.07; p<0.001) and age-dependent reductions in tear production (β=-0.23, 95% CI -0.43 to 0.02; p=0.029) and TFBUT (β=-0.10, 95% CI -0.17 to -0.04; p<0.001). Perturbed OSDI, OSS, blink rate, tear production and TFBUT were noted after the age of ten and OSDI, OSS, blink rate and TFBUT correlated with deficient corneal nerves and limbal stem cell function. OSDI, blink rate, Schirmer, OSS, TFBUT and OPI were not associated with type of PAX6 mutation, but OSDI, OSS and blink rate associated with grade of aniridia-associated keratopathy. CONCLUSIONS Ocular surface damage and dry eye signs appear in congenital aniridia regardless of mutation, appearing after 10 years of age and progressing thereafter. An early treatment window may exist for therapies to protect the ocular surface homoeostasis and limbal function, to possibly delay keratopathy development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian N Fries
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Hospital and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Center for Limbal Stem Cell and Aniridia Research, Saarland University, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Kayed Moslemani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Hospital and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, Arendal, Norway
| | - Berthold Seitz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Hospital and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Käsmann-Kellner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Saarland University Hospital and Saarland University Faculty of Medicine, Homburg, Germany
| | - Neil S Lagali
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, Arendal, Norway
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Flores-Chávez A, Brito-Zerón P, Ng WF, Szántó A, Rasmussen A, Priori R, Baldini C, Armagan B, Özkiziltaş B, Praprotnik S, Suzuki Y, Quartuccio L, Hernández-Molina G, Inanc N, Bartoloni E, Rischmueller M, Reis-de Oliveira F, Fernandes Moça Trevisani V, Jurcut C, Nordmark G, Carubbi F, Hofauer B, Valim V, Pasoto SG, Retamozo S, Atzeni F, Fonseca-Aizpuru E, López-Dupla M, Giacomelli R, Nakamura H, Akasbi M, Thompson K, Fanny Horváth I, Farris AD, Simoncelli E, Bombardieri S, Kilic L, Tufan A, Perdan Pirkmajer K, Fujisawa Y, De Vita S, Abacar K, Ramos-Casals M. Influence of exposure to climate-related hazards in the phenotypic expression of primary Sjögren's syndrome. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2023; 41:2437-2447. [PMID: 38019164 DOI: 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/pmbay6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyse how the key components at the time of diagnosis of the Sjögren's phenotype (epidemiological profile, sicca symptoms, and systemic disease) can be influenced by the potential exposure to climate-related natural hazards. METHODS For the present study, the following variables were selected for harmonisation and refinement: age, sex, country, fulfilment of 2002/2016 criteria items, dry eyes, dry mouth, and overall ESSDAI score. Climate-related hazards per country were defined according to the OECD and included seven climate-related hazard types: extreme temperature, extreme precipitation, drought, wildfire, wind threats, river flooding, and coastal flooding. Climatic variables were defined as dichotomous variables according to whether each country is ranked among the ten countries with the most significant exposure. RESULTS After applying data-cleaning techniques and excluding people from countries not included in the OECD climate rankings, the database study analysed 16,042 patients from 23 countries. The disease was diagnosed between 1 and 3 years earlier in people living in countries included among the top 10 worst exposed to extreme precipitation, wildfire, wind threats, river flooding, and coastal flooding. A lower frequency of dry eyes was observed in people living in countries exposed to wind threats, river flooding, and coastal flooding, with a level of statistical association being classified as strong (p<0.0001 for the three variables). The frequency of dry mouth was significantly lower in people living in countries exposed to river flooding (p<0.0001) and coastal flooding (p<0.0001). People living in countries included in the worse climate scenarios for extreme temperature (p<0.0001) and river flooding (p<0.0001) showed a higher mean ESSDAI score in comparison with people living in no-risk countries. In contrast, those living in countries exposed to worse climate scenarios for wind threats (p<0.0001) and coastal flooding (p<0.0001) showed a lower mean ESSDAI score in comparison with people living in no-risk countries. CONCLUSIONS Local exposure to extreme climate-related hazards plays a role in modulating the presentation of Sjögren across countries concerning the age at which the disease is diagnosed, the frequency of dryness, and the degree of systemic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pilar Brito-Zerón
- Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Research and Innovation Group in Autoimmune Diseases, Sanitas Digital Hospital, Hospital-CIMA-Centre Mèdic Milenium Balmes Sanitas, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Wan-Fai Ng
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre & NIHR Newcastle Clinical Research Facility, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Antónia Szántó
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Astrid Rasmussen
- Genes and Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Roberta Priori
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Rheumatology Clinic, Sapienza University of Rome, and Saint Camillus International University of Health Science, UniCamillus, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Berkan Armagan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcugül Özkiziltaş
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sonja Praprotnik
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Yasunori Suzuki
- Division of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Luca Quartuccio
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Udine, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Gabriela Hernández-Molina
- Immunology and Rheumatology Department, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
| | - Nevsun Inanc
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elena Bartoloni
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Maureen Rischmueller
- Department of Rheumatology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | | | - Ciprian Jurcut
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carol Davila Central Military Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gunnel Nordmark
- Rheumatology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Francesco Carubbi
- Internal Medicine and Nephrology Unit, Department of Medicine, ASL Avezzano-Sulmona-L'Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Benedikt Hofauer
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Valeria Valim
- University Hospital Cassiano Antonio Moraes (Hucam-Ufes/Ebserh), Federal University of Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Sandra G Pasoto
- Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Soledad Retamozo
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Quirón Salud, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Roma, and Research Unit of Immuno-Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Italy
| | - Hideki Nakamura
- Division of Haematology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Oyaguchi Kami-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miriam Akasbi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kyle Thompson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre & NIHR Newcastle Clinical Research Facility, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ildiko Fanny Horváth
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - A Darise Farris
- Genes and Human Disease Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Edoardo Simoncelli
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Rheumatology Clinic, Sapienza University of Rome, and Saint Camillus International University of Health Science, UniCamillus, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Levent Kilic
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Tufan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Gazi University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Katja Perdan Pirkmajer
- Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, and Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Yuhei Fujisawa
- Division of Rheumatology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Salvatore De Vita
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Udine, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Kerem Abacar
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Manuel Ramos-Casals
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, ICMiD, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, and Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain.
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Yazdanpanah G, Yen MT, Pflugfelder SC. Quantitative assessment of botulinum toxin injection on blink rate in blepharospasm. Orbit 2023; 42:571-578. [PMID: 36484152 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2022.2151628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To objectively measure the blink rate in patients with blepharospasm managed by botulinum toxin type-A injections. METHODS In this prospective, non-interventional case series, the complete blink rates of subjects were measured before incobotulinumtoxina injection and at follow-up within 4 weeks using slow-motion video-taping. Additionally, subjects graded the frequency of blinking, the severity of light-sensitivity, and the severity and frequency of dry eye symptoms on a categorical visual analog scale. The results are reported as median (range). RESULTS Ten subjects were enrolled, with nine females. The total duration of treatment was 70 (5-116) months with total of 27.5 (2-51) injections. The subjects were grouped as short-time (<52w) or long-time (>52w) treatments. The median age, follow-up time, and injected doses were 73.5 (49-81) years, 21 (14-28) days, and 38 (8-47) units, respectively, with no significant difference between groups. The total complete blinks per minute before incobotulinumtoxina injection was 39 (23-64) which decreased to 18.5 (1-60) at follow-up (p = 0.004). The average change in complete blink rate was -67.4 ± 23.7% in long-time and -45.2 ± 31.2% in short-time groups (mean ± SD, p = 0.01). The total self-graded frequency of blinking and light-sensitivity decreased significantly at follow-up (p = 0.004, p = 0.047, respectively). Similar patterns of subject reported grades were seen in both groups. CONCLUSION Videotaping is a low-cost method for objective measurement of blink rate in blepharospasm patients after incobotulinumtoxina injection. There was a significant reduction in blink rate after incobotulinumtoxina injections with higher percentage of change in the long-time treatment group. Incobotulinumtoxina injection also significantly improves subjective photophobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Yazdanpanah
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael T Yen
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stephen C Pflugfelder
- Cullen Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Areesanan A, Nicolay S, Keller M, Zimmermann-Klemd AM, Potterat O, Gründemann C. Potential benefits of Malva sylvestris in dry-eye disease pathology in vitro based on antioxidant, wound-healing and anti-inflammatory properties. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115782. [PMID: 37924786 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common chronic ocular surface disease. Available therapies are effective but often associated with side effects. This study investigates the potential of a Malva sylvestris L. flower extract and two defined preparations, a mucilage and a polyphenol rich fraction, on cells that are essential for the DED pathology. Furthermore, single compounds were isolated and characterised out of the polyphenol fraction. The M. sylvestris extract and its two fractions reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in an ultraviolet-induced model and promoted wound healing capacity of HCE-T cells, but only the polyphenol fraction and the flower extract exhibited significant radical scavenging activity. The flower extract and the polyphenol fraction inhibited cytokine secretion (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8) from HCE-T cells and THP-1 cells. In contrast, the mucilage fraction led to an increase in mediator secretion. The NF-κB activity and calcium influx in THP-1 and Jurkat cells, respectively was decreased by treatment with the flower extract and the polyphenol fraction, whereas the mucilage fraction had no influence on these parameters. Moreover, the flower extract and the mucilage fraction at low concentration could stimulate meibomian gland cells' lipid accumulation. The isolated single compounds showed no effect on analysed parameters, except a coumarin derivative and malvin which showed ROS inhibition effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Areesanan
- Translational Complementary Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Campus Rosental - Mattenstrasse 22, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sven Nicolay
- Translational Complementary Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Campus Rosental - Mattenstrasse 22, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Morris Keller
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amy Marisa Zimmermann-Klemd
- Translational Complementary Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Campus Rosental - Mattenstrasse 22, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Potterat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Gründemann
- Translational Complementary Medicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Campus Rosental - Mattenstrasse 22, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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30
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Shang Y, Liang L. Meibomian Gland Dysfunction as a Manifestation of IFAP Syndrome. Ophthalmology 2023; 130:1357. [PMID: 37191591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjun Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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31
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Harrell CR, Feulner L, Djonov V, Pavlovic D, Volarevic V. The Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for Tear Hyperosmolarity-Induced Pathological Changes in the Eyes of Dry Eye Disease Patients. Cells 2023; 12:2755. [PMID: 38067183 PMCID: PMC10706334 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disorder of the lacrimal system and ocular surface, characterized by a deficiency in the quality and/or quantity of the tear fluid. The multifactorial nature of DED encompasses a number of interconnected underlying pathologies, including loss of homeostasis, instability and hyperosmolarity of the tears, and the induction and propagation of detrimental inflammatory responses in the eyes, which finally results in the development of neurosensory dysfunction and visual disruption. Dryness, grittiness, scratchiness, discomfort, inflammation, burning, watering, ocular fatigue, pain, and decreased functional visual acuity are common symptoms of DED. Eye dysfunction drastically attenuates patients' quality of life. Accordingly, a better understanding of the pathogenic processes that regulate the development and progression of DED is crucially important for the establishment of new and more effective DED-related treatment approaches, which would significantly improve the quality of life of DED patients. Since the process of osmoregulation, which guards the ocular surface epithelia and maintains normal vision, is affected when the osmolarity of the tears is greater than that of the epithelial cells, tear hyperosmolarity (THO) is considered an initial, important step in the development, progression, and aggravation of DED. In order to delineate the role of THO in the pathogenesis of DED, in this review article, we summarize current knowledge related to the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of THO-induced pathological changes in the eyes of DED patients, and we briefly discuss the therapeutic potential of hypo-osmotic eye drops in DED treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Randall Harrell
- Regenerative Processing Plant, LLC, 34176 US Highway 19 N, Palm Harbor, FL 34684, USA;
| | - Lisa Feulner
- Advanced Eye Care & Aesthetics, 104 Plumtree Rd Suite 107, Bel Air, MD 21015, USA;
| | - Valentin Djonov
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3012 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Dragica Pavlovic
- Departments of Genetics and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Vladislav Volarevic
- Departments of Genetics and Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Harm Reduction of Biological and Chemical Hazards, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 69 Svetozar Markovic Street, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
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32
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Sanches AL, Leite SG, Nunes A, Caixinha M, Monteiro P, Nunes A. [Adaptation of the Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness Questionnaire to European Portuguese (SPEED-Vp) in a Non-Clinical Sample]. ACTA MEDICA PORT 2023; 36:714-722. [PMID: 36630893 DOI: 10.20344/amp.18557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness questionnaire to European Portuguese, as well as assess the psychometric performance of the translated version, including repeatability and agreement. MATERIAL AND METHODS The original Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness - SPEED questionnaire was translated and adapted to the Portuguese cultural context by following a scientifically valid methodology commonly used in the process of adapting tools to other cultures and languages. The questionnaire resulting from the translation into the new language was subject to a pre-test where the comments of the participants were written and considered for the final version of the questionnaire. For the scale validation of the final version of the translated questionnaire, 89 subjects from a non-clinical population, aged 18 to 84 years, were asked to answer the questionnaire (61% were women). One week later, the same questionnaire was repeated by 63 subjects. The internal reliability of the questionnaire was analyzed by Cronbach's alpha, temporal stability by test-retest, and analysis of agreement between measures by the Bland-Altman method. RESULTS The internal consistency of the translated questionnaire, SPEED-vP was high (α = 0.871) and all questionnaire items contributed to an increase in this index. This consistency was also confirmed to be high in the retest (α = 0.856) and when the sample was stratified by age and sex. The SPEED-complete questionnaire also showed high consistency (α = 0.88). The repeatability of the instrument was high (ICC 0.933; 95% CI: 0.899 and 0.960) and the Bland-Altman plot revealed good agreement between measures. CONCLUSION The Standardized Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness in Portuguese (SPEED-vP) showed good psychometric properties for the Portuguese population. Therefore, the translated version of the SPEED-vP questionnaire could be used to quantitatively measure the presence of dry eye symptoms in the Portuguese population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - António Nunes
- Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã; NECE - Research Center for Business Sciences. Management and Economics Department. University of Beira Interior. Covilhã. Portugal
| | - Miguel Caixinha
- Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã; CEMMPRE - Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes. University of Coimbra. Coimbra. Portugal
| | - Pedro Monteiro
- Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã; CICS - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã; CCECV - Centro Clínico e Experimental em Ciências da Visão. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã. Portugal
| | - Amélia Nunes
- Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã; CICS - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã; CCECV - Centro Clínico e Experimental em Ciências da Visão. Universidade da Beira Interior. Covilhã. Portugal
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Novack GD. Infections from Over-the-Counter Artificial Tears: Implications for Patients and Clinicians. Ophthalmology 2023; 130:1114-1117. [PMID: 37865500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
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Ajouz L, Nguyen A, Zhao C, Robinson MR, Nichols KK. Exploring Signs and Symptoms Associated with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction for Use as Clinical Trial Endpoints. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2023; 39:611-621. [PMID: 37643299 PMCID: PMC10654652 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2023.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Dry eye disease is attributed to impaired tear production and/or evaporative dry eye. Evaporative dry eye is frequently associated with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). The objective of this study was to identify clinical study endpoints related to MGD. Methods: This 22-day, noninterventional, case-control clinical study involved three cohorts with increasing MGD severity: no MGD, mild/moderate MGD, and severe MGD. Symptoms were assessed with an ocular symptom questionnaire grading blurred vision, eye burning, eye dryness, eye pain, light sensitivity, eye itching, eye foreign body sensation, and overall ocular discomfort. Sign assessments included the maximum meibum quality score (MMQS), tear breakup time, Schirmer tear tests, biomicroscopy, and corneal staining. Signs and symptoms were compared between cohorts and study visits. Results: Seventy-five study participants were assigned to the cohorts (25 per cohort). MMQS scores increased with increasing MGD severity, reflecting the selection criteria for the cohorts. Between-visit scores showed a weighted kappa statistic of 0.72 indicating substantial agreement. Mean scores of all assessed symptoms increased with increasing MGD severity. Scores for symptoms showed moderate (κ = 0.41-0.60) to substantial (κ = 0.61-0.80) agreement between visits. Overall ocular discomfort demonstrated the strongest correlation with the MMQS. Conclusion: The MMQS was a reproducible sign of MGD showing good agreement with ocular symptoms. Overall ocular discomfort was well correlated with typical dry eye symptoms and could potentially be used as a single measure of MGD symptoms. The findings from this observational study may inform endpoints for future clinical trials. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01979887.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Ajouz
- Allergan, an AbbVie company, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ashley Nguyen
- Allergan, an AbbVie company, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Cathy Zhao
- Allergan, an AbbVie company, Irvine, California, USA
| | | | - Kelly K. Nichols
- School of Optometry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Ayaki M, Kuze M, Negishi K. Association of eye strain with dry eye and retinal thickness. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293320. [PMID: 37862343 PMCID: PMC10588844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this cohort study was to investigate the association between the prevalence of abnormal ocular examination results and the common visual symptoms of eye strain, blurred vision and photophobia. METHODS Consecutive first-visit outpatients with best-corrected visual acuity better than 20/30 in both eyes were enrolled and those with a history of intra-ocular lens implantation and glaucoma were excluded. Dry eye-related examinations and retinal thickness measurement were conducted. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated with logistic regression analyses of ocular data in relation to the presence of visual symptoms. RESULTS A total of 6078 patients (3920 women, mean age 49.0 ± 20.4 years) were analyzed. The prevalence of each symptom was 31.8% for eye strain, 22.5% for blurred vision and 16.0% for photophobia. A significant risk factor for eye strain was short tear break-up time (TBUT) (OR 1.88), superficial punctate keratitis (SPK) (OR 1.44), and thickness of ganglion cell complex (GCC) (OR 1.30). Risk factors for blurred vision were short TBUT (OR 1.85), SPK (OR 1.24) and GCC (OR 0.59). Risk factors for photophobia were short TBUT (OR 1.77) and SPK (OR 1.32). Schirmer test value, peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness and full macular thickness were not associated with the tested symptoms. CONCLUSION The current study successfully identified female gender, short TBUT, and SPK as significant risk factors for eye strain, blurred vision, and photophobia with considerable ORs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Ayaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Otake Eye Clinic, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Kazuno Negishi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Chen Z, Xiao Y, Jia Y, Lin Q, Qian Y, Cui L, Xiang Z, Li M, Yang C, Zou H. Metagenomic analysis of microbiological changes on the ocular surface of diabetic children and adolescents with a dry eye. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:286. [PMID: 37803284 PMCID: PMC10557306 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03013-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbiome changes on the ocular surface may cause dry eyes. A metagenome assay was used to compare the microbiome composition and function of the ocular surface between diabetic children and adolescents with dry eye, diabetic children and adolescents without dry eye, and normal children. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty children and adolescents aged 8 to 16 with diabetes were selected from the Shanghai Children and Adolescent Diabetes Eye Study. Ten healthy children and adolescents belonging to the same age group were selected from the outpatient clinic during the same period. The participants were classified into the dry eye group (DM-DE group, n = 10), the non-dry eye group (DM-NDE group, n = 10) and the normal group (NDM group, n = 10). A conjunctival sac swab was collected for metagenomic sequencing, and the relationship between the microbiome composition and functional gene differences on the ocular surface with dry eye was studied. RESULTS The classification composition and metabolic function of the microorganisms on the ocular surface of children in the 3 groups were analyzed. It was found that children's ocular microbiota was composed of bacteria, viruses and fungi. There were significant differences in α diversity and β diversity of microbial composition of ocular surface between DM-DE group and NDM group(P<0.05). There were significant differences in α and β diversity of metabolic pathways between the two groups(P<0.05). The functional pathways of ocular surface microorganisms in diabetic children with dry eyes were mainly derived from human disease, antibiotic resistance genes, carbohydrate, coenzyme and lipid transport and metabolism-related functional genes; In normal children, the functional pathways were mainly derived from replication, recombination, repair, signal transduction and defense-related functional genes. CONCLUSION The DM-DE group have unique microbial composition and functional metabolic pathways. The dominant species and unique metabolic pathways of the ocular surface in the DM-DE group may be involved in the pathogenesis of dry eye in diabetic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangling Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiurong Lin
- Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center/Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lipu Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoyu Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingfang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhao Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Haidong Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center/Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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Palkovits S, Schlatter A, Ruiss M, Georgiev S, Zeilinger J, Pilwachs C, Findl O. Occurrence of Corneal Staining after Cataract Surgery with and without Chitosan-N-Acetylcysteine Eye Drops. Ophthalmic Res 2023; 66:1293-1299. [PMID: 37797590 PMCID: PMC10623390 DOI: 10.1159/000534291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of ocular surface damage assessed by corneal staining scores right after cataract surgery and whether it can be prevented using chitosan-N-acetylcysteine (C-NAC) eye drops. METHODS We included patients scheduled for routine cataract surgery. Each patient was randomly assigned to one of three groups. Patients in group 1 underwent routine cataract surgery with no additional eye drops. In group 2, patients received C-NAC eye drops after cataract surgery, and in group 3, C-NAC was applied both before and after surgery. Both groups continued the treatment once daily for 4 days. Ocular surface alteration was assessed using the National Eye Institute (NEI) score, and the visual analog scale (VAS) was used to evaluate subjective complaints. RESULTS Thirty-six patients were included in the final analyses. One hour after cataract surgery, a statistically significant increase in corneal fluorescein staining was observed in all groups, which decreased again after 1 week. There was no significant difference between the groups 1 h after cataract surgery, though a tendency toward lower NEI scores was observed during this time point in group 3. DISCUSSION Cataract surgery induced ocular surface staining and subjective complaints after 1 h. However, the increase in VAS score was small and probably not clinically relevant. The application of perioperative C-NAC eye drops did reduce the rate of corneal staining after cataract surgery in a clinically relevant manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Palkovits
- VIROS - Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Schlatter
- VIROS - Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Ruiss
- VIROS - Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Georgiev
- VIROS - Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Zeilinger
- VIROS - Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Caroline Pilwachs
- VIROS - Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver Findl
- VIROS - Vienna Institute for Research in Ocular Surgery, A Karl Landsteiner Institute, Hanusch Hospital, Vienna, Austria
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Yesilirmak N, Bukan N, Kurt B, Yuzbasioglu S, Zhao M, Rodrigues-Braz D, Aktas A, Behar-Cohen F, Bourges JL. Evaluation of Ocular and Systemic Oxidative Stress Markers in Ocular Rosacea Patients. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:22. [PMID: 37843493 PMCID: PMC10584021 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.13.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate oxidative stress markers in tears and serum of patients with ocular rosacea and to examine their association with both ocular surface parameters and cutaneous rosacea subtypes. Methods This prospective study includes rosacea patients with ocular involvement and healthy controls. We performed ophthalmological examination of all participants and collected tear breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer, Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores. We quantified the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and arylesterase (ARE) levels from tear and serum samples, and calculated the oxidative stress index (OSI). We also classified patients into phymatous, erythematotelangiectatic, papulopustular subtypes. Results We included 90 ocular rosacea patients and 30 healthy controls. Oxidative stress (TOS, OSI) levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) and antioxidant levels (TAS, ARE) were significantly lower (P < 0.01) in both tear and serum samples of ocular rosacea patients as compared to controls. We found a significant positive correlation between the tear and serum values regarding oxidative stress parameters (P < 0.05). Besides, OSI was negatively correlated with TBUT and positively correlated with MGD score (meiboscore) and OSDI (P < 0.05). The Schirmer score was not correlated with OSI. No difference was found between the cutaneous subtypes with respect to TAS, TOS, ARE, and OSI results. Conclusions In this study, we identified oxidative stress markers in the serum and tears of ocular rosacea patients and showed their correlation with clinical signs of MGD, suggesting that oxidative stress contributes to ocular rosacea pathogenesis and that oxidative stress could be an indicator of MGD severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilufer Yesilirmak
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Physiopathology of ocular diseases: Therapeutic innovations, Paris, France
- Ophthalmopole Cochin University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gazi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Bukan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gazi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Busra Kurt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sema Yuzbasioglu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Min Zhao
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Physiopathology of ocular diseases: Therapeutic innovations, Paris, France
| | - Daniela Rodrigues-Braz
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Physiopathology of ocular diseases: Therapeutic innovations, Paris, France
| | - Akin Aktas
- Department of Dermatology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Physiopathology of ocular diseases: Therapeutic innovations, Paris, France
- Ophthalmopole Cochin University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Louis Bourges
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Physiopathology of ocular diseases: Therapeutic innovations, Paris, France
- Ophthalmopole Cochin University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
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Goodyear K, Pirakitikulr N, Rootman DB. Punctal Plug Granuloma After Blepharoplasty. JAMA Ophthalmol 2023; 141:e232462. [PMID: 37855838 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.2462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
This case report discusses a diagnosis of foreign body granuloma resulting from a punctal plug in a patient aged 66 years with chronic dry eye and a history of blepharoplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendall Goodyear
- Division of Orbital and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Nathan Pirakitikulr
- Division of Orbital and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Daniel B Rootman
- Division of Orbital and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles
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Moreno I, Verma S, Gesteira TF, Coulson-Thomas VJ. Recent advances in age-related meibomian gland dysfunction (ARMGD). Ocul Surf 2023; 30:298-306. [PMID: 37979775 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Meibomian glands (MGs), located within the tarsal plate of the eyelid, secrete meibum which is the lipid-rich secretion necessary for stabilizing the tear film and preventing tear evaporation. Changes in the quality and quantity of meibum produced causes MG dysfunction (MGD), the leading cause of evaporative dry eye disease (EDED). MGD is an underdiagnosed disease and it is estimated that, in the US, approximately 70 % of the population over 60 have MGD. Three forms of MGD occur based on their meibum secretion: hyposecretory, obstructive, and hypersecretory MGD. The pathophysiology of MGD remains poorly understood, however aging is the primary risk factor. With age, MGs undergo various age-related changes, including decreased acinar basal cell proliferation, hyperkeratinization, MG atrophy, and eventual MG drop-out, leading to age-related MGD (ARMGD). Additionally, studies have suggested that MGs can suffer inflammatory cell infiltration and changes innervation patterns with aging, which could also contribute towards ARMGD. This review focuses on how the aging process affects the MG, and more importantly, how age-related changes to the MG can lead to MG atrophy and MG drop-out, ultimately leading to ARMGD. This review also highlights the most recent developments in potential therapeutic interventions for ARMGD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sudhir Verma
- College of Optometry, University of Houston, USA; Department of Zoology, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
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Ozkan J, Majzoub ME, Coroneo M, Thomas T, Willcox M. Ocular microbiome changes in dry eye disease and meibomian gland dysfunction. Exp Eye Res 2023; 235:109615. [PMID: 37586456 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
The most common and chronic ocular problem of aging is dry eye disease (DED) and the associated condition of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). The resident ocular surface bacteria may have a role in maintaining homeostasis and perturbation may contribute to disease development. The aim of this study was to compare the microbiomes of the conjunctiva and eyelid margin in humans with mild and moderate DED and controls using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. The conjunctiva and lid margin of three cohorts (N = 60; MGD, MGD with lacrimal dysfunction [MGD + LD] and controls) were swabbed bilaterally three times over three months. Microbial communities were analysed by extracting DNA and sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16 S ribosomal RNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Sequences were quality filtered, clustered into amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) using UNOISE algorithm and taxonomically classified using a Bayesian Last Common Ancestor (BCLA) algorithm against the GTDB 2207 database. The overall microbial communities of the MGD, MGD + LD and control groups were significantly different from each other (P = 0.001). The MGD and MGD + LD dry eye groups showed greater variability between individuals compared to the control (PERMDISP, P < 0.01). There was decreased richness and diversity in females compared to males for the conjunctiva (P < 0.04) and eyelid margin (P < 0.018). The conjunctiva in the MGD + LD group had more abundant Pseudomonas azotoformans, P. oleovorans and Caballeronia zhejiangensis compared to MGD and control (P < 0.05), while the MGD group had more abundant Corynebacterium macginleyi and C. kroppenstedtii compared to control (P < 0.05). The lid margin in MGD was more abundant in C. macginleyi, C. accolens, and C. simulans compared to the MGD + LD and control (P < 0.05). There were differences in the overall microbial community composition and certain taxa, including increased levels of lipophilic bacteria, on the conjunctiva and eyelid margin in mild to moderate DED/MGD compared to controls. DED/MGD was also associated with a reduced bacterial richness and diversity in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Ozkan
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Centre for Marine Science and Innovation and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Marwan E Majzoub
- Host-Microbiome Interactions Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Minas Coroneo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Torsten Thomas
- Centre for Marine Science and Innovation and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark Willcox
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Ballesteros-Sánchez A, Gargallo-Martínez B, Sánchez-González MC, Sánchez-González JM. Letter Regarding: Low-Level Light Therapy Versus Intense Pulse Light for the Treatment of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction. Cornea 2023; 42:e19. [PMID: 37405869 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ballesteros-Sánchez
- Department of Physics of Condensed Matter, Optics Area, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Novovisión, Murcia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gargallo-Martínez
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clínica Novovisión, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Optometry, Otorhinolaryngology and Anatomic Pathology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Lee WJ, Kim M, Lee SH, Chun YS, Kim KW. The varied influence of ocular Demodex infestation on dry eye disease and meibomian gland dysfunction across different age groups. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16324. [PMID: 37770583 PMCID: PMC10539367 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43674-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the impact of ocular demodicosis on dry eye disease (DED) and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) across different age populations: young (20 to < 40), middle-aged (40 to < 60), and elderly (≥ 60), based on the retrospective medical chart review. In each age subgroup, Demodex infestation and its count were correlated with clinical parameters of DED and MGD. Among the total of 351 subjects, 52.7% had ocular demodicosis, with a mean of 2.31 ± 1.39 mites per four eyelashes (0.58 per lash) in a unilateral eye. In the age subgroup 1 (age < 40; N = 44), subjects with Demodex had significantly higher meibum quality grades. In subgroup 2 (40 ≤ age < 60; N = 122), subjects with Demodex had higher ocular surface disease index scores and higher MG expressibility grades. However, in subgroup 3 (age ≥ 60; N = 185), demographics and all parameters did not differ according to Demodex infestation. Moreover, the number of mites did not correlate with MGD severity in any of the subgroups. In conclusion, age may act as a significant confounding factor in the relationship between ocular Demodex infestation and clinical features of DED and MGD, despite older patients aged 60 years and above being at a higher risk of Demodex infestation and experiencing more severe MGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Jun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjeong Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyeun Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeoun Sook Chun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06973, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Woo Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, 102 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06973, Republic of Korea.
- Biomedical Research Institute, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Schlegel I, De Goüyon Matignon de Pontourade CMF, Lincke JB, Keller I, Zinkernagel MS, Zysset-Burri DC. The Human Ocular Surface Microbiome and Its Associations with the Tear Proteome in Dry Eye Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14091. [PMID: 37762390 PMCID: PMC10531978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most common ocular surface diseases worldwide, its pathogenesis is incompletely understood, and treatment options are limited. There is growing evidence that complex interactions between the ocular surface microbiome (OSM) and tear fluid constituents, potentially leading to inflammatory processes, are associated with ocular surface diseases such as DED. In this study, we aimed to find unique compositional and functional features of the OSM associated with human and microbial tear proteins in patients with DED. Applying whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing of forty lid and conjunctival swabs, we identified 229 taxa, with Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria being the most abundant phyla and Propionibacterium acnes the dominating species in the cohort. When DED patients were compared to controls, the species Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum was more abundant in conjunctival samples, whereas the family Propionibacteriaceae was more abundant in lid samples. Functional analysis showed that genes of L-lysine biosynthesis, tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide biosynthesis, and the super pathway of L-threonine biosynthesis were enriched in conjunctival samples of controls. The relative abundances of Acinetobacter johnsonii correlated with seven human tear proteins, including mucin-16. The three most abundant microbial tear proteins were the chaperone protein DnaK, the arsenical resistance protein ArsH, and helicase. Compositional and functional features of the OSM and the tear proteome are altered in patients with DED. Ultimately, this may help to design novel interventional therapeutics to target DED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Schlegel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (I.S.); (C.M.F.D.G.M.d.P.); (J.-B.L.); (M.S.Z.)
| | | | - Joel-Benjamin Lincke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (I.S.); (C.M.F.D.G.M.d.P.); (J.-B.L.); (M.S.Z.)
| | - Irene Keller
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
- Interfaculty Bioinformatics Unit and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin S. Zinkernagel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (I.S.); (C.M.F.D.G.M.d.P.); (J.-B.L.); (M.S.Z.)
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
| | - Denise C. Zysset-Burri
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; (I.S.); (C.M.F.D.G.M.d.P.); (J.-B.L.); (M.S.Z.)
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland;
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Zhang Y, Yan P, Tang H, Zhang J. Rapid detection of tear lactoferrin for diagnosis of dry eyes by using fluorescence polarization-based aptasensor. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15179. [PMID: 37704755 PMCID: PMC10499909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42484-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiating dry eye disease (DED) from allergic or viral conjunctivitis rapidly and accurately is important to ensure prompt diagnosis and treatment. Tear lactoferrin (LF), a multi-functional glycoprotein found in tears, decreases significantly in patients with DED, and has been considered as a DED diagnostic biomarker. Measuring tear LF level, however, takes time and requires the use of bulky instruments. Herein, a homogeneous carbon nanostructure-based aptasensor with high sensitivity and selectivity has been developed by applying fluorescence polarization (FP) technology. The FP of carbon dots (CDs) bioconjugated with LF aptamers (CDs-aptamer) is 21.2% higher than that of CDs, which can be further amplified (1.81 times) once interacting with graphene oxide nanosheets (GONS). In the presence of LF, GONS separates from CDs-aptamer because of the stronger binding affinity between CDs-aptamer to LF, resulting in the decrease of FP value. A linear relationship is observed between FP value and LF concentration in spiked tear samples from 0.66 to 3.32 mg/mL. The selectivity of the aptasensor has been investigated by measuring other proteins. The results indicate that the FP-based aptasensor is a cost-effective method with high sensitivity and selectivity in detection of tear LF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Peng Yan
- Kensington Eye Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Kensington Eye Institute, 600-340 College St, Toronto, ON, M5T 3A9, Canada
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 3A9, Canada
| | - Howyn Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.
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Hirai E, Haruki T, Baba T, Miyazaki D. Analyses of Dupilumab-Related Ocular Adverse Drug Reactions Using the WHO's VigiBase. Adv Ther 2023; 40:3830-3856. [PMID: 37358706 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02573-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dupilumab is a drug that inhibits the action of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 and is a potent therapeutic drug for allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis. Although its use has been associated with significant ocular adverse drug reactions (ADRs), the IL-4 and IL-13 inhibition may also have favorable therapeutic effects. The aim of this study was to determine the disease spectrum in which the use of dupilumab may have been associated with an increase or decrease of ocular ADRs. METHODS We searched the World Health Organization's VigiBase for ADRs associated with the use of dupilumab for data up to 12 June 2022. The number of all ADRs that were retrieved was compared with the number of ocular ADRs associated with the use of dupilumab. Disproportionate reporting was assessed by calculating the information component (IC) values and odds ratios. RESULTS Since the introduction of dupilumab, 100,267 ADRs have been reported. Of all the ADRs associated with dupilumab, 28,522 ADRs were ocular complications, and it ranked fourth in the ocular complications by organ level. By assessments of the IC for age ≤ 44 years, the most significantly associated ADRs were dry eye followed by blepharitis including eyelid crusting and dryness and conjunctivitis. Crusting and dryness of the eyelids were the most significant ADRs for all age groups. Other ocular ADRs reported include meibomian gland dysfunction, keratitis, glaucoma, and retinal disorders. In contrast, periorbital edema, neuro-ophthalmic disorders, optic neuritis, and macular edema were significantly reduced by the use of dupilumab. CONCLUSIONS Dupilumab-related ADRs included an increase or decrease of various ocular disorders. The results indicate that dupilumab also has potential therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Hirai
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Tomoko Haruki
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Takashi Baba
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan
| | - Dai Miyazaki
- Division of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishicho, Yonago, 683-8504, Japan.
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Eroğul Ö, Balcı A, Gobeka HH, Efe N, Akdoğan M, Oral AY, Doğan M, Özdemir Ç, Kaşıkçı M, Saraçlı S. Conjunctival Impression Cytology and Tear Film Changes in Sarcoidosis: A Subjective and Objective Diagnosis Study. Turk J Ophthalmol 2023; 53:200-205. [PMID: 37602549 PMCID: PMC10442751 DOI: 10.4274/tjo.galenos.2022.58153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate sarcoidosis-induced tear film changes using subjective and objective diagnostic tests, particularly conjunctival impression cytology (IC), and to compare the results with healthy individuals. Materials and Methods This study evaluated clinical data collected between January 2019 and January 2021 from 57 right eyes of 57 sarcoidosis patients without ocular involvement (Group 1) and 33 right eyes of 33 healthy individuals with similar demographic characteristics (Group 2). The Schirmer I test, tear break-up time (TBUT), fluorescein staining, and conjunctival IC were all performed as part of the conjunctival and corneal examinations following a thorough ophthalmological examination. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) was used to assess subjective ocular symptoms. Results The mean ages in Groups 1 and 2 were 49.26±3.18 and 51.91±2.89 years, respectively (p=0.720). The mean Schirmer I test, TBUT, and OSDI scores differed significantly (p<0.05 for all), with Group 1 having a significantly higher percentage of dry eyes than Group 2. Group 1 had significantly higher Nelson's grading system grades than Group 2 based on conjunctival IC analysis (p=0.001). There were no significant differences in visual acuity (p=0.17) or intraocular pressure (p=0.14) between groups. Conclusion Sarcoidosis patients had significantly higher Nelson grades in conjunctival IC, as well as significantly higher percentages of dry eye as determined by the Schirmer I test, TBUT, and OSDI. Reduced tear quantity and quality may destabilize the tear film layer, resulting in a variety of ocular symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgür Eroğul
- Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Aydın Balcı
- Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Department of Chest Diseases, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Hamidu Hamisi Gobeka
- Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Neriman Efe
- Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Müberra Akdoğan
- Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Ayşe Yeşim Oral
- Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Doğan
- Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Çiğdem Özdemir
- Afyonkarahisar University of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
| | - Murat Kaşıkçı
- Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Ophthalmology, Muğla, Türkiye
| | - Sinan Saraçlı
- Afyonkarahisar Kocatepe University Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Statistics, Afyonkarahisar, Türkiye
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Wattanathorn J, Tong-un T, Thukham-mee W, Paholpak P, Rangseekhajee P. A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of an Anthocyanin-Rich Functional Ingredient on Cognitive Function and Eye Dryness in Late Adulthood Volunteers: Roles of Epigenetic and Gut Microbiome Modulations. Nutrients 2023; 15:3499. [PMID: 37630690 PMCID: PMC10459889 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the rising demand for supplements targeting cognitive enhancement and dry eye together with the health benefits of anthocyanins, we have developed a functional soup containing an anthocyanin-rich functional ingredient, or "Anthaplex," and assessed the effects on cognitive function and eye dryness together with the possible mechanisms. A total of 69 male and female health volunteers were randomized and divided into placebo, D2, and D4 groups. All subjects consumed 120 mL of placebo or functional soup containing "Anthaplex" either at 2 or 4 g per serving per day within 5 min in the morning for eight weeks. The cognitive function, working memory, dry eye, AChE, MAO, MAO-A, MAO-B, and GABA-T activities, BDNF, HAC, HDAC, and DNMT activities, pH, and amount of lactic acid-producing bacteria, particularly Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. in feces, were determined before intervention and after eight weeks of consumption. Subjects who consumed the "Anthaplex" soup had improved cognitive function, working memory, eye dryness, histone acetylation, ACh E suppression, and BDNF with increased Bifidobacterium spp. but decreased pH in feces. These data suggest that "Anthaplex" improves cognitive function and eye dryness via the modulations of the histone acetylation process, gut microbiome, and cholinergic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintanaporn Wattanathorn
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (T.T.-u.); (W.T.-m.)
- Research Institute for High Human Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Terdthai Tong-un
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (T.T.-u.); (W.T.-m.)
- Research Institute for High Human Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wipawee Thukham-mee
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (T.T.-u.); (W.T.-m.)
- Research Institute for High Human Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Pongsatorn Paholpak
- Department Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.P.); (P.R.)
| | - Poonsri Rangseekhajee
- Department Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (P.P.); (P.R.)
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Xu X, Wilkerson A, Li G, Butovich IA, Zuo YY. Comparative Biophysical Study of Meibomian Lipids of Wild Type and Soat1-Null Mice: Implications to Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Dry Eye Disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:20. [PMID: 37585190 PMCID: PMC10434715 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.11.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The biophysical roles of Meibomian lipids (MLs) played in health and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) are still unclear. The purpose of this research is to establish the composition-structure-functional correlations of the ML film (MLF) using Soat1-null mice and comprehensive in vitro biophysical simulations. Methods MLs were extracted from tarsal plates of wild type (WT) and Soat1 knockout (KO) mice. The chemical composition of ML samples was characterized using liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry. Comprehensive biophysical studies of the MLFs, including their dynamic surface activity, interfacial rheology, evaporation resistance, and ultrastructure and topography, were performed with a novel experimental methodology called the constrained drop surfactometry. Results Soat1 inactivation caused multiple alternations in the ML profile. Compared to their WT siblings, the MLs of KO mice were completely devoid of cholesteryl esters (CEs) longer than C18 to C20, but contained 7 times more free cholesterol (Chl). Biophysical assays consistently suggested that the KO-MLF became stiffer than that of WT mice, revealed by reduced film compressibility, increased elastic modulus, and decreased loss tangent, thus causing more energy loss per blinking cycle of the MLF. Moreover, the KO mice showed thinning of their MLF, and reduced evaporation resistance. Conclusions These findings delineated the composition-structure-functional correlations of the MLF and suggested a potential biophysical function of long-chain CEs in optimizing the surface activity, interfacial rheology, and evaporation resistance of the MLF. This study may provide novel implications to pathophysiological and translational understanding of MGD and dry eye disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
| | - Amber Wilkerson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Guangle Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
| | - Igor A. Butovich
- Department of Ophthalmology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States
| | - Yi Y. Zuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
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Singh S, Sharma S, Basu S. Eyelash trichomegaly associated with topical tacrolimus use in a patient with Sjogren's syndrome. Orbit 2023; 42:470-471. [PMID: 33780314 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2021.1903045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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