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Zhao L, Sun J, Bushley K. Editorial: Biointeractions among host plant, wood borers and pathogens/their associated microbes. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1347776. [PMID: 38362450 PMCID: PMC10867323 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1347776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Lilin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianghua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Hebei, China
| | - Kathryn Bushley
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
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Dong Y, Gao J, Hulcr J. Insect wood borers on commercial North American tree species growing in China: review of Chinese peer-review and grey literature. Environ Entomol 2023:7135596. [PMID: 37083727 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Invasive insect wood borers are a threat to global forests and tree-related industries as they can damage trees and spread plant pathogens. Reports of damages by wood borers on plants that were planted overseas may facilitate the identification of potential invaders and speed up risk assessment. However, much of this information remains unavailable to the international plant protection community due to language barriers, lack of digitization, or limited circulation of regional literature. Here, we investigated reports of wood borers on 7 important North American commercial tree species planted in China (Carya illinoinensis, Liquidambar styraciflua, Pinus elliottii, Pinus taeda, Quercus texana, Quercus rubra, and Quercus virginiana) in peer-reviewed as well as "grey" (nonpeer-reviewed) Chinese literature. A total of 60 unique wood borer records were found, yielding reports of 4 orders, 39 genera, and 44 species of insect wood borers. Among Coleoptera, longhorned beetles (Cerambycidae) were the most commonly reported colonizers of North American trees in China. Chinese peer-reviewed reports of pests on alien plants are a valuable tool to survey for potential wood-boring invaders of North America, and wherever North American trees are planted and have the potential to encounter Asian invasive insects. Digitization and dissemination of non-English literature are essential for contemporary risk assessment. On the other hand, the nonpeer reviewed "grey" literature, primarily agency reports and student theses, provided only 5% of the records; many incidental observations were unreliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Dong
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
| | - Jie Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
- Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China
| | - Jiri Hulcr
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
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Li YY, Wang Y, Wang JJ, Cao DD, Wang XY, Zhang SF, Wei JR. Preparation and evaluation of attractive microspheres for control of Agrilus planipennis fairmaire. J Environ Sci Health B 2023; 58:131-138. [PMID: 36727586 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2023.2172285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire is an important wood boring pest of Fraxinus species in the family Oleaceae. Oxacyclotridecan-2-one is an attractant of A. planipennis. Traps with attractive lures can be used in mass trapping of insect pests, but the traps are a bit expensive and they must be set up and dismantled in the field. To develop an attract and kill method for A. planipennis, we enveloped oxacyclotridecan-2-one into sustained-released microspheres. The attractant microspheres were prepared using the solvent evaporation method. An orthogonal test L16(45) was used to optimize the five preparation factors: the quantities of polylactic acid (PLA), gelatin, Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), attractant, and the rotational speed. The results showed that optimal conditions for preparation of microspheres were 2.5 g PLA, 0.5 g gelatin, 1.25 g PVA, 2 mL attractant and 600 r min-1 rotational speed. The encapsulation efficiency of the prepared microspheres was 95.22%, and the attractant loading rate was 15.61%. The release rate of attractant from prepared microspheres was about 26.74% on the first day, and then gradually entered a sustained-release stage for about 10 days that lasted for 17 days. Preliminary field control experiments showed that the prepared microspheres could attract and kill A. planipennis adults when sprayed together with insecticide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jian-Jun Wang
- Liaoning Academy of Forestry Science, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan-Dan Cao
- Innovation Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Wang
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Su-Fan Zhang
- Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Rong Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Haack RA, Petrice TR. Mortality of Bark- and Wood-boring Beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, and Curculionidae) in Naturally Infested Heat-treated Ash, Birch, Oak, and Pine Bolts. J Econ Entomol 2022; 115:1964-1975. [PMID: 36169401 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Firewood and wood packaging material (WPM) are major pathways for moving bark- and wood-infesting insects (borers). Heat treatment regulations for interstate firewood movement vary among U.S. states: from 56°C for 30 min to 71.1°C for 75 min. Current WPM international standards (ISPM 15) require heating to a minimum of 56°C for 30 min throughout the profile of the wood. Using bolts from infested ash (Fraxinus), birch (Betula), oak (Quercus), and pine (Pinus) trees in Michigan, we assessed borer mortality at core temperatures of 50, 53, 56, and 60°C maintained for 30 min in chambers set to 60, 65, 70, or 75°C. After treatment, bolts were monitored for adult emergence and later dissected to determine borer mortality rates. Mortality was high to complete for all heat treatments and increased with both increasing core and chamber temperatures. For the Agrilus (Buprestidae) species tested, there was complete mortality of Agrilus anxius on birch and Agrilus planipennis on ash when core temperatures of 56°C or higher were targeted regardless of chamber temperature. However, on oak, a few Agrilus bilineatus and Agrilus sulcicollis survived in bolts heated to 56°C in chambers at 60 and 65°C, and some A. sulcicollis survived in chambers set at 70 and 75°C. Similarly, a few pine-infesting borers survived heating to 56°C at all chamber temperatures. However, there was complete mortality in all hosts when bolts were heated to 60°C for 30 min, regardless of chamber temperature. Results are discussed in terms of current treatment regulations for firewood and WPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Haack
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 3101 Discovery Drive, Suite F, Lansing, MI 48910, USA
| | - Toby R Petrice
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 3101 Discovery Drive, Suite F, Lansing, MI 48910, USA
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Kerr JL, Dickson G, O'Connor BC, Somchit C, Sweeney J, Pawson SM. Effect of Host Volatile Release Rate and Racemic Fuscumol on Trap Catch of Hylurgus ligniperda, Hylastes ater (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and Arhopalus ferus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). J Econ Entomol 2022; 115:168-177. [PMID: 34761254 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Early detection of bark- and wood-boring beetles is critical to support the eradication of recently established populations in novel regions. Flight intercept traps baited with semiochemical lures are essential for surveillance and population monitoring of introduced insects. We present laboratory and field data to test potential improvements in trap sensitivity to detect Hylastes ater (Paykull), Hylurgus ligniperda (Fabricius) (Coleoptera:Scolytinae), and Arhopalus ferus (Mulsant) (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae). We evaluated the effects of type and permeability of plastic material on release rates of host-plant volatiles and the addition of the pheromone racemic E-fuscumol on beetle species catch within an exotic Pinus radiata (D. Don) plantation forest. We trapped 228,278 H. ligniperda, 91 H. ater, and 2,504 A. ferus over two experiments. Our results show strong attraction of H. ligniperda to host-plant volatiles with a positive relationship between increased release rates and trap catch. H. ater follows this trend, with attraction to ethanol and (-)-β-pinene. H. ligniperda was more strongly attracted to host volatiles than H. ater, the average ratio between baited and unbaited traps being 51.25:1 and 3.75:1, respectively for each species. There was no effect of host-plant volatiles or release rate on A. ferus catch, but a weak attraction by A. ferus to racemic E-fuscumol. Overall, we demonstrate species-specific differences in Coleoptera attraction to host-plant volatile release rates and semiochemical blends. Results demonstrate mechanisms to improve trap catch of H. ligniperda and H. ater. Racemic E-fuscumol shows some promise for A. ferus, but further investigation is required to determine whether chirality affects attraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Kerr
- Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd), Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Georgia Dickson
- Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd), Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Brooke C O'Connor
- Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd), Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Chanatda Somchit
- Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd), Rotorua, New Zealand
| | - Jon Sweeney
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service - Atlantic Forestry Centre, 1350 Regent Street, Fredericton, NB, E3C 2G6, Canada
| | - Stephen M Pawson
- Scion (New Zealand Forest Research Institute Ltd), Christchurch, New Zealand
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Scaccini D, Ruzzier E, Daane KM. Givira ethela (Neumoegen and Dyar, 1893) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae), A Previously Unidentified Pest on Vitis vinifera (L.). Insects 2021; 12:insects12030239. [PMID: 33808988 PMCID: PMC7998413 DOI: 10.3390/insects12030239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Grape cultivation is a billion-dollar agricultural sector in California, where invasive or novel pest species can disrupt management practices. We report herein on a new pest associated with California vineyards, the carpentermoth Givira ethela (Neumoegen and Dyar, 1893). Rather than an invasive species, G. ethela appears to be a newly recognized wood-boring pest of Vitis vinifera (L.) in regions of California's Central Valley, where its initial occurrence has been dated back to, at least, the beginning of the 2000s. The habitus of adult, genitalia and pupa is illustrated. Givira ethela distribution in California is updated including published records and new data. Carpentermoth galleries seem to facilitate the access of Planococcus ficus Signoret, 1875 to vine sap and protection from natural enemies, environmental stresses, and pesticide treatments. Notes on pest status, life history, monitoring practices, natural enemies, and management options on grapes are also discussed. Tools for the Integrated Pest Management of G. ethela should include the correct identification of the insect and its damage, a full understanding of its biology and ecology, the application of monitoring methods, and the identification of economic thresholds and injury levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Scaccini
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, I-35020 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (E.R.)
| | - Enrico Ruzzier
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell’Università 16, Legnaro, I-35020 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (E.R.)
| | - Kent M. Daane
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, University of California Berkeley, Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA;
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Murdoch G, Clift AD, Mansfield S. Blueberry Cultivars Differ in Susceptibility to the Elephant Weevil, Orthorhinus cylindrirostris (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). J Econ Entomol 2017; 110:2259-2262. [PMID: 28961711 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The accumulated damage from elephant weevil larvae, Orthorhinus cylindrirostris (F.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), reduces blueberry yield and shortens the productive lifespan of blueberry plants by several years. Selective breeding to develop pest-resistant blueberry cultivars is a possible control option, but the relationship between O. cylindrirostris populations, plant damage, and blueberry yield has not been described. A field survey of 17 blueberry cultivars was conducted on a commercial farm to measure O. cylindrirostris populations (emergence holes and adult numbers) and yield from plants of different ages (2-12 yr). Blueberry plants accumulated damage over time, that is, older plants tended to have more O. cylindrirostris emergence holes than younger plants. All cultivars received some level of O. cylindrirostris attack but this did not always lead to yield losses. Newer cultivars that have been in production since 2000 were less susceptible to O. cylindrirostris than older cultivars. Removal of highly susceptible cultivars from commercial blueberry farms may reduce O. cylindrirostris populations. There is potential for selective breeding to increase plant resistance to O. cylindrirostris if the specific resistance mechanisms can be identified in blueberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Murdoch
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Horticulture Innovation Australia, Level 8, 1 Chifley Square, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Alan D Clift
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sarah Mansfield
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- AgResearch Limited, Private Bag 4749, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
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Watt TJ, Duan JJ, Tallamy DW, Hough-Goldstein J. Effect of Parasitoid: Host Ratio and Group Size on Fitness of Spathius galinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): Implications for Mass-Rearing. J Econ Entomol 2015; 108:951-956. [PMID: 26470215 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tov062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Producing insect natural enemies in laboratories or insectaries for biological pest control is often expensive, and developing cost-effective rearing techniques is a goal of many biological control programs. Spathius galinae Belokobylskij and Strazenac (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a newly described ectoparasitoid of emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is currently being evaluated for environmental introduction in the United States to provide biological control of this invasive pest. To improve mass-rearing outcomes for S. galinae, we investigated the effects of parasitoid: host ratio and parasitoid and host group size (density) on parasitoid fitness. Our results showed that when 1 emerald ash borer larva was exposed to 1, 2, 4, or 8 female parasitoids, parasitism rate was positively associated with increasing parasitoid: host ratio, while brood size, sex ratio, and fitness estimates of progeny were not affected. When a constant 1:1 parasitoid: host ratio was used, but group size varied from 1 female parasitoid and 1 host, 5 parasitoids and 5 hosts, 10 of each, and 20 of each in same size rearing cages, parasitism rates were highest when at least 5 females were exposed to 5 host larvae. Moreover, the number of progeny produced per female parasitoid was greatest when group size was 10 parasitoids and 10 hosts. These findings demonstrate that S. galinae may be reared most efficiently in moderately high-density groups (10 parasitoids and hosts) and with a 1:1 parasitoid: host ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Watt
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713. USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE 19713.
| | - Jian J Duan
- USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE 19713
| | - Douglas W Tallamy
- Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19713
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Thu PQ, Quang DN, Dell B. Threat to cedar, Cedrela odorata, plantations in Vietnam by the weevil, Aclees sp. J Insect Sci 2010; 10:192. [PMID: 21271846 PMCID: PMC3029113 DOI: 10.1673/031.010.19201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2009] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The recent decline and death of young cedar, Cedrela odorata L. (Sapindales: Meliaceae), plantations in Vietnam is caused by Aclees sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a wood-boring brown weevil. A field study was undertaken in three-year-old plantations in two districts in Thanh Hoa province in August 2008. Trees were heavily impacted by the weevil, Aclees; the infestation level (P) ranged from 80 to 100% and the average damage index (R) ranged from 1.8 to 2.8. Observations over one year enabled the life history to be determined. Eggs were laid (February to March, September to November) inside the bark from the base of the trunk up to 60 cm in height. Larvae formed extensive feeding tunnels in the inner bark and sap wood. Pupation occurred in feeding tunnels or pupal chambers in the sapwood. Adults emerged twice a year, February to March and August to October. It is concluded that Aclees is a threat to C. odorata plantations in tropical regions of the world, and quarantine measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of spread.
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