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Efremenko E, Senko O, Stepanov N, Aslanli A, Maslova O, Lyagin I. Quorum Sensing as a Trigger That Improves Characteristics of Microbial Biocatalysts. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1395. [PMID: 37374897 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) of various microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, microalgae) today attracts the attention of researchers mainly from the point of view of clarifying the biochemical basics of this general biological phenomenon, establishing chemical compounds that regulate it, and studying the mechanisms of its realization. Such information is primarily aimed at its use in solving environmental problems and the development of effective antimicrobial agents. This review is oriented on other aspects of the application of such knowledge; in particular, it discusses the role of QS in the elaboration of various prospective biocatalytic systems for different biotechnological processes carried out under aerobic and anaerobic conditions (synthesis of enzymes, polysaccharides, organic acids, etc.). Particular attention is paid to the biotechnological aspects of QS application and the use of biocatalysts, which have a heterogeneous microbial composition. The priorities of how to trigger a quorum response in immobilized cells to maintain their long-term productive and stable metabolic functioning are also discussed. There are several approaches that can be realized: increase in cell concentration, introduction of inductors for synthesis of QS-molecules, addition of QS-molecules, and provoking competition between the participants of heterogeneous biocatalysts, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Efremenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Senko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay Stepanov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aysel Aslanli
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Maslova
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya Lyagin
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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2
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McCarthy L, Downey M. The emerging landscape of eukaryotic polyphosphatases. FEBS Lett 2023. [PMID: 36694267 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Polyphosphate (polyP) is a conserved polymer of inorganic phosphate residues that can reach thousands of moieties in length. PolyP has been implicated in cellular functions ranging from energy and phosphate homeostasis to cell signalling in eukaryotes from yeast to humans. Despite the interest in the role of polyP as a signalling molecule, the spatiotemporal regulation of polyP itself remains poorly understood. This knowledge gap limits our ability to understand how polyP impacts the physiology of normal and diseased cells and how this might be exploited in a therapeutic context. Polyphosphatases, enzymes that degrade polyP to generate shorter chains and free inorganic phosphate are ideally positioned to mediate polyP dynamics. However, little is known about how the activities of these enzymes are linked to specific cellular functions and how they might be regulated. Here, we provide an in-depth overview of polyphosphatase enzymes in budding yeast, which has served as a workhorse for polyP research, and in mammalian cells where the enzymes that make and degrade polyP have remained elusive. We identify critical open questions in both systems and propose strategies to guide future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam McCarthy
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Michael Downey
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, University of Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Canada
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3
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Liu X, Tang T, Yi PW, Yuan Y, Lei C, Li M, Tanaka Y, Hosokawa Y, Yalikun Y. Identification of Single Yeast Budding Using Impedance Cytometry with a Narrow Electrode Span. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:s22207743. [PMID: 36298094 PMCID: PMC9609181 DOI: 10.3390/s22207743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Impedance cytometry is wildly used in single-cell detection, and its sensitivity is essential for determining the status of single cells. In this work, we focus on the effect of electrode gap on detection sensitivity. Through comparing the electrode span of 1 µm and 5 µm, our work shows that narrowing the electrode span could greatly improve detection sensitivity. The mechanism underlying the sensitivity improvement was analyzed via numerical simulation. The small electrode gap (1 µm) allows the electric field to concentrate near the detection area, resulting in a high sensitivity for tiny particles. This finding is also verified with the mixture suspension of 1 µm and 3 µm polystyrene beads. As a result, the electrodes with 1 µm gap can detect more 1 µm beads in the suspension than electrodes with 5 µm gap. Additionally, for single yeast cells analysis, it is found that impedance cytometry with 1 µm electrodes gap can easily distinguish budding yeast cells, which cannot be realized by the impedance cytometry with 5 µm electrodes gap. All experimental results support that narrowing the electrode gap is necessary for tiny particle detection, which is an important step in the development of submicron and nanoscale impedance cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Liu
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma 630-0192, Nara, Japan
| | - Tao Tang
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma 630-0192, Nara, Japan
| | - Po-Wei Yi
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma 630-0192, Nara, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Yapeng Yuan
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), RIKEN, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Cheng Lei
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ming Li
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Yo Tanaka
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), RIKEN, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoichiroh Hosokawa
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma 630-0192, Nara, Japan
| | - Yaxiaer Yalikun
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma 630-0192, Nara, Japan
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4
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Vajrala VS, Alric B, Laborde A, Colin C, Suraniti E, Temple-Boyer P, Arbault S, Delarue M, Launay J. Microwell Array Based Opto-Electrochemical Detections Revealing Co-Adaptation of Rheological Properties and Oxygen Metabolism in Budding Yeast. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2100484. [PMID: 33969641 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Microdevices composed of microwell arrays integrating nanoelectrodes (OptoElecWell) are developed to achieve dual high-resolution optical and electrochemical detections on single Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells. Each array consists of 1.6 × 105 microwells measuring 8 µm in diameter and 5 µm height, with a platinum nanoring electrode for in situ electrochemistry, all integrated on a transparent thin wafer for further high-resolution live-cell imaging. After optimizing the filling rate, 32% of cells are effectively trapped within microwells. This allows to analyse S. cerevisiae metabolism associated with basal respiration while simultaneously measuring optically other cellular parameters. In this study, the impact of glucose concentration on respiration and intracellular rheology is focused. It is found that while the oxygen uptake rate decreases with increasing glucose concentration, diffusion of tracer nanoparticles increases. The OptoElecWell-based respiration methodology provides similar results compared to the commercial gold-standard Seahorse XF analyzer, while using 20 times fewer biological samples, paving the way to achieve single cell metabolomics. In addition, it facilitates an optical route to monitor the contents within single cells. The proposed device, in combination with the dual detection analysis, opens up new avenues for measuring cellular metabolism, and relating it to cellular physiological indicators at single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Baptiste Alric
- CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, Toulouse, F-31400, France.,Université de Toulouse, UPS, LAAS, Toulouse, F-31400, France
| | - Adrian Laborde
- CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, Toulouse, F-31400, France.,Université de Toulouse, UPS, LAAS, Toulouse, F-31400, France
| | - Camille Colin
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, CNRS UMR 5255, INP Bordeaux, Pessac, 33607, France
| | - Emmanuel Suraniti
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, CNRS UMR 5255, INP Bordeaux, Pessac, 33607, France
| | | | - Stephane Arbault
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, CNRS UMR 5255, INP Bordeaux, Pessac, 33607, France
| | - Morgan Delarue
- CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, Toulouse, F-31400, France
| | - Jérôme Launay
- CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du colonel Roche, Toulouse, F-31400, France.,Université de Toulouse, UPS, LAAS, Toulouse, F-31400, France
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5
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Breukers J, Horta S, Struyfs C, Spasic D, Feys HB, Geukens N, Thevissen K, Cammue BPA, Vanhoorelbeke K, Lammertyn J. Tuning the Surface Interactions between Single Cells and an OSTE+ Microwell Array for Enhanced Single Cell Manipulation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:2316-2326. [PMID: 33411502 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c19657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Retrieving single cells of interest from an array of microwells for further off-chip analysis is crucial in numerous biological applications. To this end, several single cell manipulation strategies have been developed, including optical tweezers (OT). OT represent a unique approach for contactless cell retrieval, but their performance is often suboptimal due to nonspecific cell adhesion to the microwell surface. In this study, we focused on improving the surface chemistry of microwell arrays to ensure efficient single cell manipulation using OT. For this purpose, the surface of an off-stoichiometry thiol-ene-epoxy (OSTE+) microwell array was grafted with polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecules with different molecular weights: PEG 360, PEG 500, PEG 2000, and a PEG Mix (an equimolar ratio of PEG 500 and PEG 2000). Contact angle measurements showed that the PEG grafting process resulted in an increased surface energy, which was stable for at least 16 weeks. Next, cell adhesion of two cell types, baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and human B cells, to surfaces treated with different PEGs was evaluated by registering the presence of cellular motion inside microwells and the efficiency of optical lifting of cells that display motion. Optimal results were obtained for surfaces grafted with PEG 2000 and PEG Mix, reaching an average fraction of cells with motion of over 93% and an average lifting efficiency of over 96% for both cell types. Upon the integration of this microwell array with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic channel, PEG Mix resulted in proper washing of non-seeded cells. We further demonstrated the wide applicability of the platform by manipulating non-responding yeast cells to antifungal treatment and B cells expressing surface IgG antibodies. The combination of the optimized microwell surface with continuous microfluidics results in a powerful and versatile platform, allowing high-throughput single cell studies and retrieval of target cells for off-chip analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolien Breukers
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Willem De Croylaan 42, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Sara Horta
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, IRF Life Sciences, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, Kortrijk 8500, Belgium
| | - Caroline Struyfs
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Dragana Spasic
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Willem De Croylaan 42, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Hendrik B Feys
- Transfusion Research Center, Belgian Red Cross-Flanders Ottergemsesteenweg 413, Gent 9000, Belgium
- Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Nick Geukens
- PharmAbs, The KU Leuven Antibody Center, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Karin Thevissen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Bruno P A Cammue
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Karen Vanhoorelbeke
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, IRF Life Sciences, KU Leuven Campus Kulak Kortrijk, Etienne Sabbelaan 53, Kortrijk 8500, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Lammertyn
- Department of Biosystems, Biosensors Group, KU Leuven, Willem De Croylaan 42, Leuven 3001, Belgium
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6
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Tanaka N, Fujita T, Takahashi Y, Yamasaki J, Murata K, Arai S. Progress in environmental high-voltage transmission electron microscopy for nanomaterials. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2020; 378:20190602. [PMID: 33100163 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2019.0602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new environmental high-voltage transmission electron microscope (E-HVEM) was developed by Nagoya University in collaboration with JEOL Ltd. An open-type environmental cell was employed to enable in-situ observations of chemical reactions on catalyst particles as well as mechanical deformation in gaseous conditions. One of the reasons for success was the application of high-voltage transmission electron microscopy to environmental (in-situ) observations in the gas atmosphere because of high transmission of electrons through gas layers and thick samples. Knock-on damages to samples by high-energy electrons were carefully considered. In this paper, we describe the detailed design of the E-HVEM, recent developments and various applications. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Dynamic in situ microscopy relating structure and function'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Tanaka
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Nano-structure Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan
| | - Takeshi Fujita
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Takahashi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kansai University, Suita 564-8680, Japan
| | - Jun Yamasaki
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy, Osaka University, Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Murata
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Shigeo Arai
- Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS), Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- Nano-structure Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Nagoya 456-8587, Japan
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7
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Morita A, Hamoh T, Sigaeva A, Norouzi N, Nagl A, van der Laan KJ, Evans EPP, Schirhagl R. Targeting Nanodiamonds to the Nucleus in Yeast Cells. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10101962. [PMID: 33023102 PMCID: PMC7601435 DOI: 10.3390/nano10101962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Nanodiamonds are widely used for drug delivery, labelling or nanoscale sensing. For all these applications it is highly beneficial to have control over the intracellular location of the particles. For the first time, we have achieved targeting the nucleus of yeast cells. In terms of particle uptake, these cells are challenging due to their rigid cell wall. Thus, we used a spheroplasting protocol to remove the cell wall prior to uptake. To achieve nuclear targeting we used nanodiamonds, which were attached to antibodies. When using non-targeted particles, only 20% end up at the nucleus. In comparison, by using diamonds linked to antibodies, 70% of the diamond particles reach the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aryan Morita
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (A.N.); (K.J.v.d.L.); (E.P.P.E.)
- Department of Dental Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Thamir Hamoh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (A.N.); (K.J.v.d.L.); (E.P.P.E.)
| | - Alina Sigaeva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (A.N.); (K.J.v.d.L.); (E.P.P.E.)
| | - Neda Norouzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (A.N.); (K.J.v.d.L.); (E.P.P.E.)
| | - Andreas Nagl
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (A.N.); (K.J.v.d.L.); (E.P.P.E.)
| | - Kiran J. van der Laan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (A.N.); (K.J.v.d.L.); (E.P.P.E.)
| | - Emily P. P. Evans
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (A.N.); (K.J.v.d.L.); (E.P.P.E.)
| | - Romana Schirhagl
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; (A.M.); (T.H.); (A.S.); (N.N.); (A.N.); (K.J.v.d.L.); (E.P.P.E.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Fernando-Juan GD, Rubio-Chavarría M, Beltrán P, Espinós FJ. Thermal Shock Response of Yeast Cells Characterised by Dielectrophoresis Force Measurement. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:E5304. [PMID: 31810237 DOI: 10.3390/s19235304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis is an electric force experienced by particles subjected to non-uniform electric fields. Recently, several technologies have been developed focused on the use of dielectrophoretic force (DEP) to manipulate and detect cells. On the other hand, there is no such great development in the field of DEP-based cell discrimination methods. Despite the demand for methods to differentiate biological cell states, most DEP developed methods have been focused on differentiation through geometric parameters. The novelty of the present work relies upon the point that a DEP force cell measurement is used as a discrimination method, capable of detecting heat killed yeast cells from the alive ones. Thermal treatment is used as an example of different biological state of cells. It comes from the fact that biological properties have their reflection in the electric properties of the particle, in this case a yeast cell. To demonstrate such capability of the method, 279 heat-killed cells were measured and compared with alive cells data from the literature. For each cell, six speeds were taken at different points in its trajectory inside a variable non-uniform electric field. The electric parameters in cell wall conductivity, cell membrane conductivity, cell membrane permittivity of the yeast cell from bibliography explains the DEP experimental force measured. Finally, alive and heat-treated cells were distinguished based on that measure. Our results can be explained through the well-known damage of cell structure characteristics of heat-killed cells.
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9
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Shafeeq S, Pannanusorn S, Elsharabasy Y, Ramírez-Zavala B, Morschhäuser J, Römling U. Impact of manganese on biofilm formation and cell morphology of Candida parapsilosis clinical isolates with different biofilm forming abilities. FEMS Yeast Res 2019; 19:5548773. [PMID: 31403663 PMCID: PMC6761954 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foz057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The commensal species Candida parapsilosis is an emerging human pathogen that has the ability to form biofilms. In this study, we explored the impact of the divalent cations cobalt (Co2+), copper (Cu2+), iron (Fe3+), manganese (Mn2+), nickel (Ni2+) and zinc (Zn2+) on biofilm formation of clinical isolates of C. parapsilosis with no, low and high biofilm forming abilities at 30 and 37°C. All strains besides one isolate showed a concentration-dependent enhancement of biofilm formation at 30°C in the presence of Mn2+ with a maximum at 2 mM. The biofilm forming ability of no and low biofilm forming isolates was >2-fold enhanced in the presence of 2 mM Mn2+, while the effect in high biofilm forming isolate was significantly less pronounced. Of note, cells in the biofilms of no and low biofilm forming strains differentiated into yeast and pseudohyphal cells similar in morphology to high biofilm formers. The biofilm transcriptional activator BCR1 has a dual developmental role in the absence and presence of 2 mM Mn2+ as it promoted biofilm formation of no biofilm forming strains, and, surprisingly, suppressed cells of no biofilm forming strains to develop into pseudohyphae and/or hyphae. Thus, environmental conditions can significantly affect the amount of biofilm formation and cell morphology of C. parapsilosis with Mn2+ to overcome developmental blocks to trigger biofilm formation and to partially relieve BCR1 suppressed cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulman Shafeeq
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Srisuda Pannanusorn
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University, 12120, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Youssef Elsharabasy
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bernardo Ramírez-Zavala
- Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, D-97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Joachim Morschhäuser
- Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, D-97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ute Römling
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden
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10
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He B, Zhu X, Zhao C, Wang G, Ma Y, Yang W. Cytocompatible Fabrication of Yeast Cells/Fabrics Composite Sheet for Bioethanol Production. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 39:e1800212. [PMID: 29947153 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Entrapment of living cells into a polymer network has significant potential in various fields such as biomass conversion and tissue engineering. A crucial challenge for this strategy is to provide a mild enough condition to preserve cell viability. Here, a facile and cytocompatible method to entrap living yeast cells into a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) network grafting from polypropylene nonwoven fabrics via visible-light-induced surface living graft crosslinking polymerization is reported. Due to the mild reaction conditions and excellent biocompatibility of PEG, the immobilized yeast cells could maintain their viability and proliferate well. The obtained composite sheet has excellent long-term stability and shows no significant efficiency loss after 25 cycles of repeated batch bioethanol fermentation. The immobilized yeast cells exhibit 18.0% higher bioethanol fermentation efficiency than free cells. This strategy for immobilization of living cells with high viability has significant potential application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Changwen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Guan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuhong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wantai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.,Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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11
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Mániková D, Šestáková Z, Rendeková J, Vlasáková D, Lukáčová P, Paegle E, Arsenyan P, Chovanec M. Resveratrol-Inspired Benzo[b]selenophenes Act as Anti-Oxidants in Yeast. Molecules 2018; 23:E507. [PMID: 29495287 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a natural (poly)phenol primarily found in plants protecting them against pathogens, as well as harmful effects of physical and chemical agents. In higher eukaryotic cells and organisms, this compound displays a remarkable range of biological activities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-aging, cardio- and neuro-protective properties. Here, biological activities of synthetic selenium-containing derivatives of resveratrol—benzo[b]selenophenes—have been studied in lower eukaryotes Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Their toxicity, as well as DNA damaging and reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducing potencies, manifested through their ability to act as redox active anti-microbial agents, have been examined. We show that some benzo[b]selenophenes can kill yeast cells and that the killing effects are not mediated by DNA damage types that can be detected as DNA double-strand breaks. These benzo[b]selenophenes could potentially be used as anti-fungal agents, although their concentrations relevant to application in humans need to be further evaluated. In addition, most of the studied benzo[b]selenophenes display redox-modulating/anti-oxidant activity (comparable or even higher than that of resveratrol or Trolox) causing a decrease in the intracellular ROS levels in yeast cells. Therefore, after careful re-evaluation in other biological systems these observations might be transferred to humans, where resveratrol-inspired benzo[b]selenophenes could be used as supra-anti-oxidant supplements.
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Williams IS, Chib S, Nuthakki VK, Gatchie L, Joshi P, Narkhede NA, Vishwakarma RA, Bharate SB, Saran S, Chaudhuri B. Biotransformation of Chrysin to Baicalein: Selective C6-Hydroxylation of 5,7-Dihydroxyflavone Using Whole Yeast Cells Stably Expressing Human CYP1A1 Enzyme. J Agric Food Chem 2017; 65:7440-7446. [PMID: 28782952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds are of medicinal importance because of their unique antioxidant, anticancer, and chemopreventive properties. Baicalein, a naturally occurring polyhydroxy flavonoid possessing a diverse range of pharmacological activities, has been used in traditional medicines for treatment of various ailments. Apart from its isolation from natural sources, its synthesis has been reported via multistep chemical approaches. Here, we report a preparative-scale biotransformation, using whole yeast cells stably expressing human cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) enzyme that allows regioselective C6-hydroxylation of 5,7-dihydroxyflavone (chrysin) to form 5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone (baicalein). Molecular modeling reveals why chrysin undergoes such specific hydroxylation mediated by CYP1A1. More than 92% reaction completion was obtained using a shake-flask based process that mimics fed-batch fermentation. Such highly efficient selective hydroxylation, using recombinant yeast cells, has not been reported earlier. Similar CYP-expressing yeast cell based systems are likely to have wider applications in the syntheses of medicinally important polyphenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibidapo S Williams
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University , Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
- CYP Design Limited, Innovation Centre , 49 Oxford Street, Leicester, LE1 5XY, United Kingdom
| | - Shifali Chib
- Fermentation Technology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Vijay K Nuthakki
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Linda Gatchie
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University , Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
- CYP Design Limited, Innovation Centre , 49 Oxford Street, Leicester, LE1 5XY, United Kingdom
| | - Prashant Joshi
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Niteen A Narkhede
- Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Ram A Vishwakarma
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Sandip B Bharate
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Saurabh Saran
- Fermentation Technology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine , Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India
| | - Bhabatosh Chaudhuri
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University , Leicester, LE1 9BH, United Kingdom
- CYP Design Limited, Innovation Centre , 49 Oxford Street, Leicester, LE1 5XY, United Kingdom
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Yamaguchi M, Takahashi-Nakaguchi A, Aida Y, Sato-Okamoto M, Chibana H. Convenient method for better preservation of fine structures of cultured macrophages and engulfed yeast cells by freeze-substitution fixation. Microscopy (Oxf) 2017; 66:209-211. [PMID: 28339650 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfx006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid freeze-freeze substitution after glutaraldehyde fixation (CF-FS method) obtained the natural and fine structures of macrophages and engulfed yeast cells. Culturing macrophages on single hole molybdenum grids placed in culture dishes made possible the rapid freezing of cells by the 'open sandwich method'. This method may be convenient when rapid-freezing cannot be performed immediately, or when a rapid-freezing device is not available in the lab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yamaguchi
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8673,Japan
| | | | - Yuko Aida
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8673,Japan
| | - Michiyo Sato-Okamoto
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8673,Japan
| | - Hiroji Chibana
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku Chiba 260-8673,Japan
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Salari R, Rajabi O, Khashyarmanesh Z, Fathi Najafi M, Fazly Bazzaz BS. Characterization of Encapsulated Berberine in Yeast Cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Iran J Pharm Res 2015; 14:1247-56. [PMID: 26664393 PMCID: PMC4673954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Berberine was loaded in yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiaeas a novel pharmaceutical carrier to improve the treatment ofmany diseases. The yeast-encapsulated active materialsshowedhigh stability and bioavailability due to the enhanced solubility and sustained releasing. In this study, different characteristics of prepared berberine loaded yeast cells (loading capacity, release kinetic order, MIC and stability) were evaluatedby different analytical methods (fluorescence spectroscopy, HPLC and SEM).The loading capacity was about 78% ± 0.6%.Berberine release patterns of microcapsules happened in two different stages and followed by zero and first-order kinetic,respectively. About 99% of all active material released during 34 h. MIC was improved by berberine loaded microcapsules in comparison withberberine powder. The microcapsules were completely stable. Berberine loaded Sac. Cerevisiae could be considered as a favorite sustained release drug delivery system. The yeast would be applied as an efficient carrier to improve various properties of different active materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Salari
- Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
| | - Omid Rajabi
- Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. ,Targetted Drug Delivery Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Zahra Khashyarmanesh
- Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
| | - Mohsen Fathi Najafi
- Department of Veterinary Research and Biotechnology, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - BiBi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz
- Department of Drug and Food Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. ,Biotechnology Research Centre, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,E-mail:
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15
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Safarik I, Maderova Z, Pospiskova K, Baldikova E, Horska K, Safarikova M. Magnetically responsive yeast cells: methods of preparation and applications. Yeast 2014; 32:227-37. [PMID: 25284221 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetically modified yeast cells represent an interesting type of biocomposite material, applicable in various areas of bioanalysis, biotechnology and environmental technology. In this review, typical examples of magnetic modifications of yeast cells of the genera Saccharomyces, Kluyveromyces, Rhodotorula and Yarrowia are presented, as well as their possible applications as biocatalysts, active part of biosensors and biosorbents for the separation of organic xenobiotics, heavy metal ions and radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo Safarik
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Nanobiology and Structural Biology of GCRC, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic; Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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16
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Luo QY, Lin Y, Li Y, Xiong LH, Cui R, Xie ZX, Pang DW. Nanomechanical analysis of yeast cells in CdSe quantum dot biosynthesis. Small 2014; 10:699-704. [PMID: 24130060 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201301940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
QD biosynthesis affects the mechanical strength of yeast cells. The intracellular synthesis of CdSe QD in yeast cells incubated with Na2 SeO3 and subsequently with CdCl2 increases the glucan content of their cell walls, resulting in their enhanced mechanical strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ying Luo
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Virology and Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, P. R. China
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17
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Abstract
This unit discusses a basic method for purification of radiolabeled RNAs using denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The method consists of a number of experimental procedures, including total RNA preparation from yeast cells, isolation of a specific RNA from total yeast RNA, RNA 3'-terminal labeling using nucleotide (5' [(32) P]pCp) addition (via ligation), denaturing (8 M urea) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and RNA extraction from the gel slice. Key points for achieving good electrophoretic separation of RNA are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Adachi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for RNA Biology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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18
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Drachuk I, Shchepelina O, Harbaugh S, Kelley-Loughnane N, Stone M, Tsukruk VV. Cell surface engineering with edible protein nanoshells. Small 2013; 9:3128-3137. [PMID: 23606641 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201202992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Natural protein (silk fibroin) nanoshells are assembled on the surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells without compromising their viability. The nanoshells facilitate initial protection of the cells and allow them to function in encapsulated state for some time period, afterwards being completely biodegraded and consumed by the cells. In contrast to a traditional methanol treatment, the gentle ionic treatment suggested here stabilizes the shell silk fibroin structure but does not compromise the viability of the cells, as indicated by the fast response of the encapsulated cells, with an immediate activation by the inducer molecules. Extremely high viability rates (up to 97%) and preserved activity of encapsulated cells are facilitated by cytocompatibility of the natural proteins and the formation of highly porous shells in contrast to traditional polyelectrolyte-based materials. Moreover, in a high contrast to traditional synthetic shells, the silk proteins are biodegradable and can be consumed by cells at a later stage of growth, thus releasing the cells from their temporary protective capsules. These on-demand encapsulated cells can be considered a valuable platform for biocompatible and biodegradable cell encapsulation, controlled cell protection in a synthetic environment, transfer to a device environment, and cell implantation followed by biodegradation and consumption of protective protein shells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Drachuk
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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19
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Shemesh N, Özarslan E, Basser PJ, Cohen Y. Accurate noninvasive measurement of cell size and compartment shape anisotropy in yeast cells using double-pulsed field gradient MR. NMR Biomed 2012; 25:236-46. [PMID: 21786354 PMCID: PMC3203313 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The accurate characterization of pore morphology is of great interest in a wide range of scientific disciplines. Conventional single-pulsed field gradient (s-PFG) diffusion MR can yield compartmental size and shape only when compartments are coherently ordered using q-space approaches that necessitate strong gradients. However, double-PFG (d-PFG) methodology can provide novel microstructural information even when specimens are characterized by polydispersity in size and shape, and even when anisotropic compartments are randomly oriented. In this study, for the first time, we show that angular d-PFG experiments can be used to accurately measure cellular size and shape anisotropy of fixed yeast cells employing relatively weak gradients. The cell size, as measured by light microscopy, was found to be 5.32 ± 0.83 µm, whereas the results from noninvasive angular d-PFG experiments yielded a cell size of 5.46 ± 0.45 µm. Moreover, the low compartment shape anisotropy of the cells could be inferred from experiments conducted at long mixing times. Finally, similar experiments were conducted in a phantom comprising anisotropic compartments that were randomly oriented, showing that angular d-PFG MR provides novel information on compartment eccentricity that could not be accessed using conventional methods. Angular d-PFG methodology seems to be promising for the accurate estimation of compartment size and compartment shape anisotropy in heterogeneous systems in general, and biological cells and tissues in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Shemesh
- School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Evren Özarslan
- Section on Tissue Biophysics and Biomimetics, PPITS, NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, USUHS, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Peter J Basser
- Section on Tissue Biophysics and Biomimetics, PPITS, NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Yoram Cohen
- School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
- Corresponding author: Prof. Yoram Cohen, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel, , Tel/fax- 972 3 6407232/972 3 6407469
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20
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Enders JR, Marasco CC, Kole A, Nguyen B, Sundarapandian S, Seale KT, Wikswo JP, McLean JA. Towards monitoring real-time cellular response using an integrated microfluidics-matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation/nanoelectrospray ionisation-ion mobility-mass spectrometry platform. IET Syst Biol 2010; 4:416-27. [PMID: 21073240 PMCID: PMC4254925 DOI: 10.1049/iet-syb.2010.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of microfluidic cell trapping devices with ion mobility-mass spectrometry offers the potential for elucidating in real time the dynamic responses of small populations of cells to paracrine signals, changes in metabolite levels and delivery of drugs and toxins. Preliminary experiments examining peptides in methanol and recording the interactions of yeast and Jurkat cells with their superfusate have identified instrumental set-up and control parameters and online desalting procedures. Numerous initial experiments demonstrate and validate this new instrumental platform. Future outlooks and potential applications are addressed, specifically how this instrumentation may be used for fully automated systems biology studies of the significantly interdependent, dynamic internal workings of cellular metabolic and signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R. Enders
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Christina C. Marasco
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Ayeeshik Kole
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Bao Nguyen
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Sevugarajan Sundarapandian
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Kevin T. Seale
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - John P. Wikswo
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - John A. McLean
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
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Abstract
Convective assembly at high volume fraction was used for the rapid deposition of uniform, close-packed coatings of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast cells onto glass slides. A computational model was developed to calculate the thickness profiles of such coatings for different set of conditions. Both the experiments and the numerical simulations demonstrated that the deposition process is strongly affected by the presence of sedimentation. The deposition device was inclined to increase the uniformity of the coatings by causing the cells to sediment toward the three-phase contact line. In accordance with the simulation, the experiments showed that both increasing the angle of the device and decreasing the angle between the slides increased the uniformity of the deposited coatings. Finally, the "convective-sedimentation" assembly method was used to deposit mixed layers of live cells and large latex particles as an example of immobilized biologically active composite coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey B. Jerrim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Orlin D. Velev
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
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22
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Manojlovic V, Djonlagic J, Obradovic B, Nedovic V, Bugarski B. Immobilization of cells by electrostatic droplet generation: a model system for potential application in medicine. Int J Nanomedicine 2006; 1:163-71. [PMID: 17722532 PMCID: PMC2426788 DOI: 10.2147/nano.2006.1.2.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of electrostatic extrusion as a method for cell immobilization was investigated that could be used for potential applications in medicine. An attempt was made to assess the effects of cell addition and polymer concentration on the overall entrapment procedure, ie, on each stage of immobilization: polymer-cell suspension rheological characteristics, electrostatic extrusion process, and the process ofgelation. The findings should contribute to a better understanding of polymer-cell interactions, which could be crucial in possible medical treatments. Alginate-yeast was used as a model system for carrier-cells. The electrostatic extrusion was considered as a complex two-phase flow system and the effects of cell and alginate concentrations on the resulting microbead size and uniformity were assessed. Under investigated conditions, microbeads 50-600 microm in diameter were produced and the increase in both alginate and cell concentrations resulted in larger microbeads with higher standard deviations in size. We attempted to rationalize the findings by rheological characterization of the cell-alginate suspensions. Rheological characterization revealed non-Newtonian, pseudoplastic behavior of cell-alginate suspensions with higher viscosities at higher alginate concentrations. However, the presence of cells even at high concentrations (5x10(8) and 1x10(9) cells/mL) did not significantly affect the rheological properties of Na-alginate solution. Lastly, we investigated the kinetics of alginate gelation with respect to the quantity of Ca2+ ions and cell presence. The gelation kinetics were examined under conditions of limited supply with Ca2+ ions, which can be essential for immobilization of highly sensitive mammalian cells that require minimal exposure to CaCl2 solution. The molar ratio of G units to Ca2+ ions of 3.8:1 provided complete crosslinking, while the increase in alginate concentration resulted in prolonged gelation times but higher strength of the resulting gel. The cell presence decreased the rate of network formation as well as the strength of the obtained Ca-alginate hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Manojlovic
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro.
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23
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Johannisson A, Gröndahl G, Demmers S, Jensen-Waern M. Flow-cytometric studies of the phagocytic capacities of equine neutrophils. Acta Vet Scand 1995; 36:553-62. [PMID: 8669382 PMCID: PMC8095419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Methodological aspects of flow-cytometric evaluation of the phagocytic properties of equine neutrophils were elucidated. The kinetics of attachment and ingestion were studied, and the phagocytic process was more rapidly completed when serum-opsonized yeast cells were used than with use of IgG-opsonized yeast cells. Trypan blue was successfully used to quench fluorescence of non-ingested yeast cells. There were only minor differences in the kinetics of phagocytosis between quenched and unquenched samples, indicating that attachment is rapidly followed by ingestion. Trypan blue quenching caused loss of cells with light scattering properties of granulocytes, although this did not affect the determined frequencies of truly phagocytic neutrophils. Aggregation of yeast cells proved to be a disturbance but not an obstacle to the determination of frequencies of actively phagocytic cells. Flow cytometry is well suited for studies of phagocytosis of yeast cells by equine neutrophils, and the trypan blue quenching provides a means of eliminating false-positive events due to aggregation of yeast cells. The main advantage of the flow-cytometric method is the possibility of rapid processing of a large number of samples, making the method useful for studies of herds.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Johannisson
- Department of Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences
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