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Cho D, Li R, Jeong H, Li S, Wu C, Tzavelis A, Yoo S, Kwak SS, Huang Y, Rogers JA. Bitter Flavored, Soft Composites for Wearables Designed to Reduce Risks of Choking in Infants. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2103857. [PMID: 34369002 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wireless, skin-integrated devices for continuous, clinical-quality monitoring of vital signs have the potential to greatly improve the care of patients in neonatal and pediatric intensive-care units. These same technologies can also be used in the home, across a broad spectrum of ages, from beginning to end of life. Although miniaturized forms of such devices minimize patient burden and improve compliance, they represent life-threatening choking hazards for infants. A materials strategy is presented here to address this concern. Specifically, composite materials are introduced as soft encapsulating layers and gentle adhesives that release chemical compounds designed to elicit an intense bitter taste when placed in the mouth. Reflexive reactions to this sensation strongly reduce the potential for ingestion, as a safety feature. The materials systems described involve a non-toxic bitterant (denatonium benzoate) as a dopant in an elastomeric (poly(dimethylsiloxane)) or hydrogel matrix. Experimental and computational studies of these composite materials and the kinetics of release of the bitterant define the key properties. Incorporation into various wireless skin-integrated sensors demonstrates their utility in functional systems. This simple strategy offers valuable protective capabilities, with broad practical relevance to the welfare of children monitored with wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghwi Cho
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- International Research Center for Computational Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Hyoyoung Jeong
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Shupeng Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Changsheng Wu
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Andreas Tzavelis
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Seonggwang Yoo
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Sung Soo Kwak
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - John A Rogers
- Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
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Kalra A, Bhat P, Kaur IP. Deciphering molecular mechanics in the taste masking ability of Maltodextrin: Developing pediatric formulation of Oseltamivir for viral pandemia. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 260:117703. [PMID: 33712119 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Present research work was aimed at masking the bitter taste of anti- viral drug Oseltamivir phosphate (Ost) by complexing it with pea starch maltodextrin- Kleptose Linecaps® (Mld). The Ost groups involved in triggering the bitter sensation were identified by computationally assessing its interaction with human bitter taste receptor hTAS2R 38. A series of exhaustive molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was run using Schrodinger® suite to understand the type of interaction of Ost with Mld. Experimentally, complexes of Ost with Mld were realized by solution method. The complexes were characterized using differential scanning colorimetry (DSC), fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), hot stage microscopy (HSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), proton NMR (1H-NMR) and Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR). Ost-oral dispersible mini tablets (ODMT) were prepared by direct compression and optimised using mixture designs. Finally, bitter taste perception of Ost-ODMT was evaluated in healthy human volunteers of either sex. Computational assessment, involving interaction of Ost with bitter receptor, predicted the involvement of free amino group of Ost in triggering the bitter response whereas, MD simulation predicted the formation of stable complex between Ost and double helical confirmation of Mld. Different characterization techniques confirmed the findings of MD simulation. Results from the taste assessment in human volunteers revealed a significant reduction in bitter taste of prepared Ost-ODMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atin Kalra
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Pritesh Bhat
- Schrodinger Inc., RR Nagar, Bangalore, 560098, India
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Yin Y, Dong Y, Vu S, Yang F, Yarov‐Yarovoy V, Tian Y, Zheng J. Structural mechanisms underlying activation of TRPV1 channels by pungent compounds in gingers. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:3364-3377. [PMID: 31207668 PMCID: PMC6692589 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Like chili peppers, gingers produce pungent stimuli by a group of vanilloid compounds that activate the nociceptive transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel. How these compounds interact with TRPV1 remains unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used computational structural modelling, functional tests (electrophysiology and calcium imaging), and mutagenesis to investigate the structural mechanisms underlying ligand-channel interactions. KEY RESULTS The potency of three principal pungent compounds from ginger -shogaol, gingerol, and zingerone-depends on the same two residues in the TRPV1 channel that form a hydrogen bond with the chili pepper pungent compound, capsaicin. Computational modelling revealed binding poses of these ginger compounds similar to those of capsaicin, including a "head-down tail-up" orientation, two specific hydrogen bonds, and important contributions of van der Waals interactions by the aliphatic tail. Our study also identified a novel horizontal binding pose of zingerone that allows it to directly interact with the channel pore when bound inside the ligand-binding pocket. These observations offer a molecular level explanation for how unique structures in the ginger compounds affect their channel activation potency. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Mechanistic insights into the interactions of ginger compounds and the TRPV1 cation channel should help guide drug discovery efforts to modulate nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- Department of PharmacologyQingdao University School of PharmacyQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Yawen Dong
- Department of PharmacologyQingdao University School of PharmacyQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Simon Vu
- Department of Physiology and Membrane BiologyUC Davis School of MedicineDavisCAUSA
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Biophysics and Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Neuroscience, National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Key Laboratory of Medical NeurobiologyZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | | | - Yuhua Tian
- Department of PharmacologyQingdao University School of PharmacyQingdaoShandongChina
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Membrane BiologyUC Davis School of MedicineDavisCAUSA
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Xu Q, Singh N, Hong H, Yan X, Yu W, Jiang X, Chelikani P, Wu J. Hen protein-derived peptides as the blockers of human bitter taste receptors T2R4, T2R7 and T2R14. Food Chem 2019; 283:621-627. [PMID: 30722920 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bitter sensation is mediated by various bitter taste receptors (T2Rs), thus T2R antagonists are actively explored. Our objective was to look for novel T2R blockers in hen protein hydrolysate (HPH). We screened the least bitter HPH fractions using electronic tongue, and analyzed their peptide sequences and calcium mobilization in HEK293T cells expressing T2Rs. The results showed that the HPH fractions with higher bitterness intensity had higher hydrophobicity, more hydrophobic amino acids, and more positively charged peptides, but fewer known umami peptides. The peptide fractions from the least bitter HPH fraction significantly inhibited quinine bitterness (P < 0.05), and also significantly inhibited quinine- or diphenhydramine-dependent calcium mobilization of HEK293T cells expressing human T2R4, T2R7, or T2R14 (P < 0.05). Among them, the first eluted (least bitter) peptide fraction showed the strongest bitter-inhibitory effect. In conclusion, HPH peptides are the blockers of T2R4, T2R7, and T2R14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbiao Xu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Nisha Singh
- Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Research Group and Department of Oral Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Hui Hong
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Xianghua Yan
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenlin Yu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Prashen Chelikani
- Manitoba Chemosensory Biology Research Group and Department of Oral Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Jianping Wu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada.
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He L, Qin Z, Li M, Chen Z, Zeng C, Yao Z, Yu Y, Dai Y, Yao X. Metabolic Profiles of Ginger, A Functional Food, and Its Representative Pungent Compounds in Rats by Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem 2018; 66:9010-9033. [PMID: 30068078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ginger, a popular functional food, has been widely used throughout the world for centuries. However, its metabolic behaviors remain unclear, which entails an obstacle to further understanding of its functional components. In this study, the metabolic profiles of ginger in rats were systemically investigated by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. The results included the characterization of 92 components of ginger based on the summarized fragmentation patterns and self-building chemical database. Furthermore, four representative compounds were selected to explore the typical metabolic pathways of ginger. Consequently, 141 ginger-related xenobiotics were characterized, following the metabolic spots of the pungent phytochemicals were summarized. These findings indicated that the in vivo effective components of ginger were mainly derived from [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol. Meanwhile, hydrogenation, demethylation, glucuronidation, sulfation, and thiolation were their major metabolic reactions. These results expand our knowledge about the metabolism of ginger, which will be important for discovering its functional components and the further mechanism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang He
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
| | - Zifei Qin
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development Ministry of P.R. China , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- Department of Pharmacy , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , P. R. China
| | - Mengsen Li
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- Guangzhou Research and Creativity Biotechnology Co. Ltd. , Guangzhou 510663 , P. R. China
| | - Zilin Chen
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- Guangzhou Xiangxue Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. , Guangzhou 510663 , P. R. China
| | - Chen Zeng
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- Guangzhou Xiangxue Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. , Guangzhou 510663 , P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Yao
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development Ministry of P.R. China , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development Ministry of P.R. China , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
| | - Yi Dai
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development Ministry of P.R. China , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
- Guangzhou Xiangxue Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. , Guangzhou 510663 , P. R. China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development Ministry of P.R. China , Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , P. R. China
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