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Shang LL, Zhong ZJ, Cheng LP. Discovery of novel polyheterocyclic neuraminidase inhibitors with 1,3,4-oxadiazole thioetheramide as core backbone. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 269:116305. [PMID: 38518525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Inspired by our earlier findings regarding neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors interacting with 150-cavity or 430-cavity of NA, sixteen novel polyheterocyclic NA inhibitors with 1,3,4-oxadiazole thioetheramide as core backbone were designed and synthesized based on the lead compound ZINC13401480. Of the synthesized compounds, compound N5 targeting 150-cavity exerts the best inhibitory activity against the wild-type H5N1 NA, with IC50 value of 0.14 μM, which is superior to oseltamivir carboxylate (OSC) (IC50 = 0.31 μM). Compound N10 targeting 430-cavity exhibits the best activity against the H5N1-H274Y mutant NA. Although the activity of N10 is comparable to that of OSC for wild-type H5N1 inhibition, it is approximately 60-fold more potent than OSC against the H274Y mutant, suggesting that it is not easy for the virus to develop drug resistance and is attractive for drug development. N10 (EC50 = 0.11 μM) also exhibits excellent antiviral activity against H5N1, which is superior to the positive control OSC (EC50 = 1.47 μM). Molecular docking study shows that the occupation of aromatic fused rings and oxadiazole moiety at the active site and the extension of the substituted phenyl to the 150-cavity or 430-cavity make great contributions to the good potency of this series of polyheterocyclic NA inhibitors. Some advancements in the discovery of effective target-specific NA inhibitors in this study may offer some assistance in the development of more potent anti-influenza drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lin Shang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Zhi Jian Zhong
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Li Ping Cheng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China.
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2
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Čelková A, Búcsi A, Klacsová M, Fazekaš T, Martínez JC, Uhríková D. Oseltamivir phosphate interaction with model membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2024; 1866:184273. [PMID: 38211646 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2024.184273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Oseltamivir belongs to the neuraminidase inhibitors, developed against the influenza virus, and registered under the trademark Tamiflu. Despite its long-term acquaintance, there is limited information in the literature about its physicochemical and structural properties in a lipid-water system. We present an experimentally determined partition coefficient with structural information on the interaction of oseltamivir with the model membrane, its possible location, and its effect on the membrane thermodynamics. The hydrophobic part of the lipid bilayer is affected to a moderate extent, which was proved by slight changes in thermal and structural properties. Hereby, interaction of oseltamivir with the phospholipid bilayer induces concentration dependent decrease of lateral pressure in the bilayer acyl chain region. Oseltamivir charges the bilayer surface positively, which results in the zeta potential increase and changes in anisotropic properties studied by the polarised light microscopy. At the highest oseltamivir concentrations studied, the multilamellar structure is extensively disturbed, likely due to electrostatic repulsion between the adjacent bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriána Čelková
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alexander Búcsi
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Mária Klacsová
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomáš Fazekaš
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Daniela Uhríková
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Sk MF, Samanta S, Poddar S, Kar P. Microsecond dynamics of H10N7 influenza neuraminidase reveals the plasticity of loop regions and drug resistance due to the R292K mutation. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:247-263. [PMID: 37787086 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
At the beginning of the last century, multiple pandemics caused by influenza (flu) viruses severely impacted public health. Despite the development of vaccinations and antiviral medications to prevent and control impending flu outbreaks, unforeseen novel strains and continuously evolving old strains continue to represent a serious threat to human life. Therefore, the recently identified H10N7, for which not much data is available for rational structure-based drug design, needs to be further explored. Here, we investigated the structural dynamics of neuraminidase N7 upon binding of inhibitors, and the drug resistance mechanisms against the oseltamivir (OTV) and laninamivir (LNV) antivirals due to the crucial R292K mutation on the N7 using the computational microscope, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In this study, each system underwent long 2 × 1 μs MD simulations to answer the conformational changes and drug resistance mechanisms. These long time-scale dynamics simulations and free energy landscapes demonstrated that the mutant systems showed a high degree of conformational variation compared to their wildtype (WT) counterparts, and the LNV-bound mutant exhibited an extended 150-loop conformation. Further, the molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) calculation and MM/GBSA free energy decomposition were used to characterize the binding of OTV and LNV with WT, and R292K mutated N7, revealing the R292K mutation as drug-resistant, facilitated by a decline in binding interaction and a reduction in the dehydration penalty. Due to the broader binding pocket cavity of the smaller K292 mutant residue relative to the wildtype, the drug carboxylate to K292 hydrogen bonding was lost, and the area surrounding the K292 residue was more accessible to water molecules. This implies that drug resistance could be reduced by strengthening the hydrogen bond contacts between N7 inhibitors and altered N7, creating inhibitors that can form a hydrogen bond to the mutant K292, or preserving the closed cavity conformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Fulbabu Sk
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Resource for Macromolecular Modeling and Visualization, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Sunanda Samanta
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Sayan Poddar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Parimal Kar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
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Matevosyan M, Harutyunyan V, Abelyan N, Khachatryan H, Tirosyan I, Gabrielyan Y, Sahakyan V, Gevorgyan S, Arakelov V, Arakelov G, Zakaryan H. Design of new chemical entities targeting both native and H275Y mutant influenza a virus by deep reinforcement learning. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10798-10812. [PMID: 36541127 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2158936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Influenza virus remains a major public health challenge due to its high morbidity and mortality and seasonal surge. Although antiviral drugs against the influenza virus are widely used as a first-line defense, the virus undergoes rapid genetic changes, resulting in the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Thus, new antiviral drugs that can outwit resistant strains are of significant importance. Herein, we used deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm to design new chemical entities (NCEs) that are able to bind to the native and H275Y mutant (oseltamivir-resistant) neuraminidases (NAs) of influenza A virus with better binding energy than oseltamivir. We generated more than 66211 NCEs, which were prioritized based on the filtering rules, structural alerts, and synthetic accessibility. Then, 18 NCEs with better MM/PBSA scores than oseltamivir were further analyzed in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations conducted for 100 ns. The MD experiments showed that 8 NCEs formed very stable complexes with the binding pocket of both native and H275Y mutant NAs of H1N1. Furthermore, most NCEs demonstrated much better binding affinity to group 2 (N2, N3, and N9) and influenza B virus NAs than oseltamivir. Although all 8 NCEs have non-sialic acid-like structures, they showed a similar binding mode as oseltamivir, indicating that it is possible to find new scaffolds with better binding and antiviral properties than sialic acid-like inhibitors. In conclusion, we have designed potential compounds as antiviral candidates for further synthesis and testing against wild and mutant influenza virus.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Vahram Arakelov
- Denovo Sciences Inc, Yerevan, Armenia
- Institute of Molecular Biology of National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Grigor Arakelov
- Denovo Sciences Inc, Yerevan, Armenia
- Institute of Molecular Biology of National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Hovakim Zakaryan
- Denovo Sciences Inc, Yerevan, Armenia
- Institute of Molecular Biology of National Academy of Sciences, Yerevan, Armenia
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Zhang J, Liu C, Jia R, Zhang X, Zhang J, Bertagnin C, Bonomini A, Guizzo L, Jiang Y, Jia H, Jia S, Ma X, Loregian A, Huang B, Zhan P, Liu X. A novel N-heterocycles substituted oseltamivir derivatives as potent inhibitors of influenza virus neuraminidase: discovery, synthesis and biological evaluation. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2277135. [PMID: 37955306 PMCID: PMC10653643 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2277135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that the introduction of structurally diverse benzyl side chains at the C5-NH2 position of oseltamivir to occupy 150-cavity contributes to the binding affinity with neuraminidase and anti-influenza activity. To obtain broad-spectrum neuraminidase inhibitors, we designed and synthesised a series of novel oseltamivir derivatives bearing different N-heterocycles substituents that have been proved to induce opening of the 150-loop of group-2 neuraminidases. Among them, compound 6k bearing 4-((r)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl) benzyl group exhibited antiviral activities similar to or weaker than those of oseltamivir carboxylate against H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, H5N6 and H5N1-H274Y mutant neuraminidases. More encouragingly, 6k displayed nearly 3-fold activity enhancement against H3N2 virus over oseltamivir carboxylate and 2-fold activity enhancement over zanamivir. Molecular docking studies provided insights into the explanation of its broad-spectrum potency against wild-type neuraminidases. Overall, as a promising lead compound, 6k deserves further optimisation by fully considering the ligand induced flexibility of the 150-loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chuanfeng Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- Suzhou Research Institute of Shandong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Ruifang Jia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xujie Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Chiara Bertagnin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Bonomini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Guizzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Yuanmin Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Huinan Jia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Shuzhen Jia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Xiuli Ma
- Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Arianna Loregian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Bing Huang
- Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- China-Belgium Collaborative Research Center for Innovative Antiviral Drugs of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xinyong Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
- China-Belgium Collaborative Research Center for Innovative Antiviral Drugs of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
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Yao B, Guo Y, Xie Q, Jiang M, Sun F, Zhao Y, Tan G, Sun J, Huang F, Song X, You J. Characterization of two excipient interaction degradation products in oseltamivir phosphate powder for oral suspension by MS and NMR. J Mass Spectrom 2022; 57:e4899. [PMID: 36517208 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Oseltamivir phosphate is widely used to treat and prevent influenza, and is available in the form of capsules, powder for oral suspension, pediatric solutions, and granules. Because of the amino group, oseltamivir is easy to react with the excipients of the formulation to generate drug-excipient interaction impurities. In this research, two degradation products in a commercial oseltamivir phosphate powder for oral suspension due to interaction between API and citrate were investigated. They were characterized to be 3-((-6-acetamido-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)-5-(pentan-3-yloxy)cyclohex-3-en-1-yl)carbamoyl)-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid and 2-(2-((-6-acetamido-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)-5-(pentan-3-yloxy)cyclohex-3-en-1-yl)amino)-2-oxoethyl)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid by MS and NMR, respectively. Furthermore, the formation mechanisms of these impurities were verified, and the method of analysis of covariance was used to assess the rate of impurities' degradation. HIGHLIGHTS: Two excipient interaction degradation products in commercial oseltamivir phosphate powder for oral suspension were studied and elucidated in detail via LC-MS/MS and NMR. The incompatibility risk of pH conditioners such as citrate and citric acid with formulations that contain an amino group was disclosed in this article. Analysis of covariance was demonstrated to assess the impact of various formulations and preparation techniques on the rate of impurity degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiyang Yao
- Dongguan HEC Generic Drug R&D Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Yiqun Guo
- Dongguan HEC Generic Drug R&D Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Qifeng Xie
- Dongguan HEC Generic Drug R&D Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Manhua Jiang
- Dongguan HEC Generic Drug R&D Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Fuzhou Sun
- Dongguan HEC Generic Drug R&D Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Yanping Zhao
- Dongguan HEC Generic Drug R&D Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
| | - Guoying Tan
- Dongguan HEC Generic Drug R&D Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
| | - Jiaxiang Sun
- Dongguan HEC Generic Drug R&D Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Fangfang Huang
- Dongguan HEC Generic Drug R&D Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Xuezhi Song
- Dongguan HEC Generic Drug R&D Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Jinsong You
- Dongguan HEC Generic Drug R&D Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Development, Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
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Jia R, Zhang J, Zhang J, Bertagnin C, Bonomini A, Guizzo L, Gao Z, Ji X, Li Z, Liu C, Ju H, Ma X, Loregian A, Huang B, Zhan P, Liu X. Discovery of Novel Boron-Containing N-Substituted Oseltamivir Derivatives as Anti-Influenza A Virus Agents for Overcoming N1-H274Y Oseltamivir-Resistant. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196426. [PMID: 36234966 PMCID: PMC9571049 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To address drug resistance to influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs), a series of novel boron-containing N-substituted oseltamivir derivatives were designed and synthesized to target the 150-cavity of neuraminidase (NA). In NA inhibitory assays, it was found that most of the new compounds exhibited moderate inhibitory potency against the wild-type NAs. Among them, compound 2c bearing 4-(3-boronic acid benzyloxy)benzyl group displayed weaker or slightly improved activities against group-1 NAs (H1N1, H5N1, H5N8 and H5N1-H274Y) compared to that of oseltamivir carboxylate (OSC). Encouragingly, 2c showed 4.6 times greater activity than OSC toward H5N1-H274Y NA. Moreover, 2c exerted equivalent or more potent antiviral activities than OSC against H1N1, H5N1 and H5N8. Additionally, 2c demonstrated low cytotoxicity in vitro and no acute toxicity at the dose of 1000 mg/kg in mice. Molecular docking of 2c was employed to provide a possible explanation for the improved anti-H274Y NA activity, which may be due to the formation of key additional hydrogen bonds with surrounding amino acid residues, such as Arg152, Gln136 and Val149. Taken together, 2c appeared to be a promising lead compound for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Jia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jiwei Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Chiara Bertagnin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Bonomini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Guizzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Zhen Gao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiangkai Ji
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chuanfeng Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Han Ju
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiuli Ma
- Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Jiaoxiao Road, Jinan 250023, China
| | - Arianna Loregian
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Bing Huang
- Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Jiaoxiao Road, Jinan 250023, China
- Correspondence: (B.H.); (P.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
- China-Belgium Collaborative Research Center for Innovative Antiviral Drugs of Shandong Province, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
- Correspondence: (B.H.); (P.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Xinyong Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
- China-Belgium Collaborative Research Center for Innovative Antiviral Drugs of Shandong Province, 44 West Culture Road, Jinan 250012, China
- Correspondence: (B.H.); (P.Z.); (X.L.)
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8
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Ugbaja SC, Mtambo SE, Mushebenge AG, Appiah-Kubi P, Abubakar BH, Ntuli ML, Kumalo HM. Structural Investigations and Binding Mechanisms of Oseltamivir Drug Resistance Conferred by the E119V Mutation in Influenza H7N9 Virus. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144376. [PMID: 35889251 PMCID: PMC9317591 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The use of vaccinations and antiviral medications have gained popularity in the therapeutic management of avian influenza H7N9 virus lately. Antiviral medicines are more popular due to being readily available. The presence of the neuraminidase protein in the avian influenza H7N9 virus and its critical role in the cleavage of sialic acid have made it a target drug in the development of influenza virus drugs. Generally, the neuraminidase proteins have common conserved amino acid residues and any mutation that occurs around or within these conserved residues affects the susceptibility and replicability of the influenza H7N9 virus. Herein, we investigated the interatomic and intermolecular dynamic impacts of the experimentally reported E119V mutation on the oseltamivir resistance of the influenza H7N9 virus. We extensively employed molecular dynamic (MD) simulations and subsequent post-MD analyses to investigate the binding mechanisms of oseltamivir-neuraminidase wildtype and E119V mutant complexes. The results revealed that the oseltamivir-wildtype complex was more thermodynamically stable than the oseltamivir-E119V mutant complex. Oseltamivir exhibited a greater binding affinity for wildtype (−15.46 ± 0.23 kcal/mol) relative to the E119V mutant (−11.72 ± 0.21 kcal/mol). The decrease in binding affinity (−3.74 kcal/mol) was consistent with RMSD, RMSF, SASA, PCA, and hydrogen bonding profiles, confirming that the E119V mutation conferred lower conformational stability and weaker protein–ligand interactions. The findings of this oseltamivir-E119V mutation may further assist in the design of compounds to overcome E119V mutation in the treatment of influenza H7N9 virus patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel C. Ugbaja
- Drug Research and Innovation Unit, Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; (S.E.M.); (A.G.M.); (P.A.-K.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.U.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Sphamandla E. Mtambo
- Drug Research and Innovation Unit, Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; (S.E.M.); (A.G.M.); (P.A.-K.)
| | - Aganze G. Mushebenge
- Drug Research and Innovation Unit, Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; (S.E.M.); (A.G.M.); (P.A.-K.)
| | - Patrick Appiah-Kubi
- Drug Research and Innovation Unit, Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; (S.E.M.); (A.G.M.); (P.A.-K.)
| | - Bahijjahtu H. Abubakar
- Renewable Energy Programme, Federal Ministry of Environment, 444 Aguiyi Ironsi Way, Maitama, Abuja 900271, Nigeria;
| | - Mthobisi L. Ntuli
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Applied Science, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa;
| | - Hezekiel M. Kumalo
- Drug Research and Innovation Unit, Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; (S.E.M.); (A.G.M.); (P.A.-K.)
- Correspondence: (S.C.U.); (H.M.K.)
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Ucar B, Acar T, Arayici PP, Derman S. A nanotechnological approach in the current therapy of COVID-19: model drug oseltamivir-phosphate loaded PLGA nanoparticles targeted with spike protein binder peptide of SARS-CoV-2. Nanotechnology 2021; 32:485601. [PMID: 34375967 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac1c22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is today's most serious epidemic disease threatening the human race. The initial therapeutic approach of SARS-CoV-2 disease is based upon the binding the receptor-binding site of the spike protein to the host cell's ACE-2 receptor on the plasma membrane. In this study, it is aimed to develop a biocompatible and biodegradable polymeric drug delivery system that is targeted to the relevant receptor binding site and provides controlled drug release. Oseltamivir phosphate (OP) is an orally administered antiviral prodrug for primary therapy of the disease in biochemically activated carboxylate form (oseltamivir carboxylate OC). In the presented study, model drug OP loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) targeted with spike-binding peptide 1 (SBP1) of SARS-CoV-2 were designed to be used as an efficient and prolonged released antiviral drug delivery system. RY, EE, and DL values of the OP-loaded NPs produced by the solvent evaporation method were calculated to be 59.3%, 61.4%, and 26.9%, respectively. The particle size of OP-loaded NPs and OP-loaded NPs targeted with SBP1 peptide were 162.0 ± 11.0 and 226.9 ± 21.4 nm, respectively. While the zeta potential of the produced OP-loaded NPs was achieved negatively -23.9 ± 1.21 mV), the result of the modification with SBP1 peptide this value approached zero as -4.59 ± 0.728 mV. Morphological features of the OP-loaded NPs were evaluated using FEG-SEM. The further characterization and surface modification of the NPs were analyzed by FT-IR.In-vitrorelease studies of NPs showed that sustained release of OP occurred for two months that fitting the Higuchi kinetic model. By evaluating these outputs, it was reported that surface modification of OP-loaded NPs was significantly effective on characteristics such as size, zeta potential values, surface functionality, and release behavior. The therapeutic model drug-loaded polymeric formulation targeted with a specific peptide may serve as an alternative to more effective and controlled release pharmaceuticals in the treatment of COVID-19 upon an extensive investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Ucar
- Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tayfun Acar
- Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pelin Pelit Arayici
- Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Derman
- Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kalra A, Bhat P, Kaur IP. Deciphering molecular mechanics in the taste masking ability of Maltodextrin: Developing pediatric formulation of Oseltamivir for viral pandemia. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 260:117703. [PMID: 33712119 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Present research work was aimed at masking the bitter taste of anti- viral drug Oseltamivir phosphate (Ost) by complexing it with pea starch maltodextrin- Kleptose Linecaps® (Mld). The Ost groups involved in triggering the bitter sensation were identified by computationally assessing its interaction with human bitter taste receptor hTAS2R 38. A series of exhaustive molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was run using Schrodinger® suite to understand the type of interaction of Ost with Mld. Experimentally, complexes of Ost with Mld were realized by solution method. The complexes were characterized using differential scanning colorimetry (DSC), fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), hot stage microscopy (HSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), proton NMR (1H-NMR) and Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR). Ost-oral dispersible mini tablets (ODMT) were prepared by direct compression and optimised using mixture designs. Finally, bitter taste perception of Ost-ODMT was evaluated in healthy human volunteers of either sex. Computational assessment, involving interaction of Ost with bitter receptor, predicted the involvement of free amino group of Ost in triggering the bitter response whereas, MD simulation predicted the formation of stable complex between Ost and double helical confirmation of Mld. Different characterization techniques confirmed the findings of MD simulation. Results from the taste assessment in human volunteers revealed a significant reduction in bitter taste of prepared Ost-ODMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atin Kalra
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Pritesh Bhat
- Schrodinger Inc., RR Nagar, Bangalore, 560098, India
| | - Indu Pal Kaur
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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Arouche TDS, Martins AY, Ramalho TDC, Júnior RNC, Costa FLP, Filho TSDA, Neto AMJC. Molecular Docking of Azithromycin, Ritonavir, Lopinavir, Oseltamivir, Ivermectin and Heparin Interacting with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Main and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 3C-Like Proteases. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2021; 21:2075-2089. [PMID: 33500022 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the current pandemic situation raised due to COVID-19, drug reuse is emerging as the first line of treatment. The viral agent that causes this highly contagious disease and the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) share high nucleotide similarity. Therefore, it is structurally expected that many existing viral targets are similar to the first SARS-CoV, probably being inhibited by the same compounds. Here, we selected two viral proteins based on their vital role in the viral life cycle: Structure of the main protease SARS-CoV-2 and the structural base of the SARS-CoV-2 protease 3CL, both supporting the entry of the virus into the human host. The approved drugs used were azithromycin, ritonavir, lopinavir, oseltamivir, ivermectin and heparin, which are emerging as promising agents in the fight against COVID-19. Our hypothesis behind molecular coupling studies is to determine the binding affinities of these drugs and to identify the main amino acid residues that play a fundamental role in their mechanism of action. Additional studies on a wide range of FDA-approved drugs, including a few more protein targets, molecular dynamics studies, in vitro and biological in vivo evaluation are needed to identify combination therapy targeted at various stages of the viral life cycle. In our experiment in silico, based mainly on the molecular coupling approach, we investigated six different types of pharmacologically active drugs, aiming at their potential application alone or in combination with the reuse of drugs. The ligands showed stable conformations when analyzing the affinity energy in both proteases: ivermectin forming a stable complex with the two proteases with values -8.727 kcal/mol for Main Protease and -9.784 kcal/mol for protease 3CL, Heparin with values of -7.647 kcal/mol for the Main protease and -7.737 kcal/mol for the 3CL protease. Both conform to the catalytic site of the proteases. Our studies can provide an insight into the possible interactions between ligands and receptors, through better conformation. The ligands ivermectin, heparin and ritonavir showed stable conformations. Our in-silica docking data shows that the drugs we have identified can bind to the binding compartment of both proteases, this strongly supports our hypothesis that the development of a single antiviral agent targeting Main protease, or 3CL protease, or an agent used in combination with other potential therapies, it could provide an effective line of defense against diseases associated with coronaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago da Silva Arouche
- Laboratory of Preparation and Computation of Nanomaterials (LPCN), Federal University of Pará, C. P. 479, 66075-110 Belem, PA, Brazil
| | - Anderson Yuri Martins
- Laboratory of Preparation and Computation of Nanomaterials (LPCN), Federal University of Pará, C. P. 479, 66075-110 Belem, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Raul Nunes Carvalho Júnior
- Post-Graduation Program in Engineering of Natural Resources of the Amazon, Institute of Technology (ITEC), Federal University of Pará, C. P. 2626, 66.050-540, Belem, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Tarciso Silva de Andrade Filho
- Federal University of the South and Southeast of Pará. FL 17, QD 04, LT Especial, New Marabá, 68.505-080 - Marabá, PA - Brazil
| | - Antonio Maia Jesus Chaves Neto
- Laboratory of Preparation and Computation of Nanomaterials (LPCN), Federal University of Pará, C. P. 479, 66075-110 Belem, PA, Brazil
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Tan Q, Duan L, Ma Y, Wu F, Huang Q, Mao K, Xiao W, Xia H, Zhang S, Zhou E, Ma P, Song S, Li Y, Zhao Z, Sun Y, Li Z, Geng W, Yin Z, Jin Y. Is oseltamivir suitable for fighting against COVID-19: In silico assessment, in vitro and retrospective study. Bioorg Chem 2020; 104:104257. [PMID: 32927129 PMCID: PMC7463036 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oseltamivir is a first-line antiviral drug, especially in primary hospitals. During the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), most patients with COVID-19 who are symptomatic have used oseltamivir. Considering its popular and important role as an antiviral drug, it is necessary to evaluate oseltamivir in the treatment of COVID-19. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of oseltamivir against COVID-19. METHODS Swiss-model was used to construct the structure of the N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NRBD) of the nucleoprotein (NC), papain-like protease (PLpro), and RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRp) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). TM-align program was performed to compare the structure of the viral proteins with the structure of the neuraminidase of influenza A. Molecular docking was used to analyze the theoretical possibility of effective binding of oseltamivir with the active centers of the viral proteins. In vitro study was used to evaluate the antiviral efficiency of oseltamivir against SARS-CoV-2. By clinical case analysis, we statistically evaluated whether the history of oseltamivir use influenced the progression of the disease. RESULTS The structures of NRBD, PLpro, and RdRp were built successfully. The results from TM-align suggested that the S protein, NRBD, 3C-like protease (3CLpro), PLPrO, and RdRp were structurally similar to the influenza A neuraminidase, with TM-scores of 0.30077, 0.19254, 0.28766, 0.30666, and 0.34047, respectively. Interestingly, the active center of 3CL pro was found to be similar to the active center from the neuraminidase of influenza A. Through an analysis of molecular docking, we discovered that oseltamivir carboxylic acid was more favorable to bind to the active site of 3CLpro effectively, but its inhibitory effect was not strong compared with the positive group. Finally, we used in vitro study and retrospective case analysis to verify our speculations. We found that oseltamivir is ineffective against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro study and the clinical use of oseltamivir did not improve the patients' symptoms and signs and did not slow the disease progression. CONCLUSIONS We consider that oseltamivir isn't suitable for the treatment of COVID-19. During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, when oseltamivir is not effective for the patients after they take it, health workers should be highly vigilant about the possibility of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Limin Duan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - YanLing Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Kaimin Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wenjing Xiao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shujing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - E Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Pei Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Siwei Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - YuMei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zilin Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yice Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zeyu Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Wei Geng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zengrong Yin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Polonini H, da Silva SL, Brandão MAF, Bauters T, De Moerloose B, Ferreira ADO. Compatibility of Baclofen, Carvedilol, Hydrochlorothiazide, Mercaptopurine, Methadone Hydrochloride, Oseltamivir Phosphate, Phenobarbital, Propranolol Hydrochloride, Pyrazinamide, Sotalol Hydrochloride, Spironolactone, Tacrolimus Monohydrate, Ursodeoxycholic Acid, and Vancomycin Hydrochloride Oral Suspensions Compounded with SyrSpend SF pH4. Int J Pharm Compd 2018; 22:516-526. [PMID: 30384353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Compounded liquid medication is frequently required in children to allow easy dose adjustment and overcome swallowing difficulties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of oral suspensions compounded with SyrSpend SF PH4 and the commonly used active pharmaceutical ingredients baclofen 2.0 mg/mL, carvedilol 5.0 mg/mL, hydrochlorothiazide 2.0 mg/mL, mercaptopurine 10.0 mg/mL, methadone hydrochloride 10.0 mg/mL, oseltamivir phosphate 6.0 mg/mL, phenobarbital 9.0 mg/mL and 15.0 mg/mL, propranolol hydrochloride 0.5 mg/mL and 5.0 mg/mL, pyrazinamide 100.0 mg/mL, spironolactone 2.0 mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL, sotalol hydrochloride 5.0 mg/mL, tacrolimus monohydrate 0.5 mg/mL, ursodeoxycholic acid 20.0 mg/mL, and vancomycin hydrochloride 25.0 mg/mL. Suspensions were compounded with raw powders, except for mercaptopurine, pyrazinamide, and sotalol hydrochloride, which were made from commercial tablets. Stability was assessed by measuring the percentage recovery at 0 (baseline), 60 days, and 90 days after compounding for suspensions made with raw powders, which were stored at 2ÅãC to 8ÅãC. The stability of tablets, which were stored at 2ÅãC to 8ÅãC and 20ÅãC to 25ÅãC, was assessed by measuring the percentage recovery at 0 (baseline), 7 days, 14 days, 30 days, 60 days, and 90 days. Active pharmaceutical ingredients quantification was performed by ultraviolet high-performance liquid chromatography via a stability-indicating method. Given the percentage of recovery of the active pharmaceutical ingredients within the suspensions, the beyond-use date of the final products (active pharmaceutical ingredients + vehicle) was at least 90 days for all suspensions in the conditions tested. This suggests that SyrSpend SF PH4 is suitable for compounding active pharmaceutical ingredients from different pharmacological classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudson Polonini
- Ortofarma - Quality Control Laboratories, Matias Barbosa, MG, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Tiene Bauters
- Pharmacy and Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Barbara De Moerloose
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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14
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Huang MF, Lin YR, Chang YT, Shiue YL, Liang SS. Reductive amination assistance for quantification of oseltamivir phosphate and oseltamivir carboxylate by HPLC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1087-1088:23-28. [PMID: 29702353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Oseltamivir phosphate (OP) is the first line therapy for influenza, and its primary metabolite oseltamivir carboxylate (OC) is the active agent via inhibition of neuraminidase of influenza virus. Dosages of OP and OC might affect human causing nausea and vomiting and it is therefore necessary to evaluate their toxicity and safety. The separation system: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is a powerful technique to monitor OP and OC. However, quantification of OP and OC needs isotopic analogs as internal standards to monitor the stability of the sample pretreatment procedures and instruments. In this study, we demonstrated a modified method (i.e., reductive amination) to synthesize OP and OC deuterated and hydrogenated analogs as internal standards (ISs) and for illustration of calibration curves, respectively. This modification allowed to overcome ISs selection and to enhance the signal intensities via high yield reductive amination in MS detection. We utilized the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode to target m/z values of precursor and product ions. N-dimethylated OP and N-dimethylated OC showed linearity ranging from 1 to 1000 ng/mL with coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.9995 and 0.9999, respectively. Additionally, the relative standard deviations (RSD) of intra-day ranged from 0.3% to 5.2%, and the RSD of inter-day ranged from 2.0% to 18.8%, respectively. This quantitative method utilized spiked OP and OC at low (20 ng/mL), intermediate (100 ng/mL), and high (500 ng/mL) concentrations in human serum samples. The average recoveries for OP and OC were 84.6%-107.7% and 94.9%-98.5%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Fang Huang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Reng Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Environment and Life Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tzu Chang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Shin Liang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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15
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Dijkers E, Nanhekhan V, Thorissen A. Updated Stability Data for Midazolam, Oseltamivir Phosphate, and Propranolol Hydrochloride in SyrSpend SF and Minoxidil in Espumil. Int J Pharm Compd 2017; 21:240-241. [PMID: 28557785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Neri-Bazán RM, García-Machorro J, Méndez-Luna D, Tolentino-López LE, Martínez-Ramos F, Padilla-Martínez II, Aguilar-Faisal L, Soriano-Ursúa MA, Trujillo-Ferrara JG, Fragoso-Vázquez MJ, Barrón BL, Correa-Basurto J. Design, in silico studies, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of oseltamivir derivatives as inhibitors of neuraminidase from influenza A virus H1N1. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 128:154-167. [PMID: 28182988 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the neuraminidase (NA) enzyme of the influenza A virus plays a key role in the process of release of new viral particles from a host cell, it is often a target for new drug design. The emergence of NA mutations, such as H275Y, has led to great resistance against neuraminidase inhibitors, including oseltamivir and zanamivir. Hence, we herein designed a set of derivatives by modifying the amine and/or carboxylic groups of oseltamivir. After being screened for their physicochemical (Lipinski's rule) and toxicological properties, the remaining compounds were submitted to molecular and theoretical studies. The docking simulations provided insights into NA recognition patterns, demonstrating that oseltamivir modified at the carboxylic moiety and coupled with anilines had higher affinity and a better binding pose for NA than the derivatives modified at the amine group. Based on these theoretical studies, the new oseltamivir derivatives may have higher affinity to mutant variants and possibly to other viral subtypes. Accordingly, two compounds were selected for synthesis, which together with their respective intermediates were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and antiviral activities. Their biological activity was then tested in cells infected with the A/Puerto Rico/916/34 (H1N1) influenza virus, and virus yield reduction assays were performed. Additionally, by measuring neuraminidase activity with the neuraminidase assay kit it was found that the compounds produced inhibitory activity on this enzyme. Finally, the infected cells were analysed with atomic force microscopy (AFM), observing morphological changes strongly suggesting that these compounds interfered with cellular release of viral particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío M Neri-Bazán
- Laboratorios de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Bioquímica, Medicina de Conservación, Fisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340, Mexico
| | - Jazmín García-Machorro
- Laboratorios de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Bioquímica, Medicina de Conservación, Fisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340, Mexico.
| | - David Méndez-Luna
- Laboratorios de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Bioquímica, Medicina de Conservación, Fisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340, Mexico
| | - Luis E Tolentino-López
- Laboratorios de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Bioquímica, Medicina de Conservación, Fisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340, Mexico
| | - Federico Martínez-Ramos
- Laboratorio de Investigación, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Laboratorio de Virología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, 11340, Mexico
| | - Itzia I Padilla-Martínez
- Departamento de Ciencia Básica, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n., Barrio La Laguna Ticomán, 07340, Mexico
| | - Leopoldo Aguilar-Faisal
- Laboratorios de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Bioquímica, Medicina de Conservación, Fisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340, Mexico
| | - Marvin A Soriano-Ursúa
- Laboratorios de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Bioquímica, Medicina de Conservación, Fisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340, Mexico
| | - José G Trujillo-Ferrara
- Laboratorios de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Bioquímica, Medicina de Conservación, Fisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340, Mexico
| | - M Jonathan Fragoso-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Investigación, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Laboratorio de Virología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, 11340, Mexico
| | - Blanca L Barrón
- Laboratorio de Investigación, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Laboratorio de Virología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomas, 11340, Mexico
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorios de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Bioquímica, Medicina de Conservación, Fisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340, Mexico.
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Phanich J, Rungrotmongkol T, Kungwan N, Hannongbua S. Role of R292K mutation in influenza H7N9 neuraminidase toward oseltamivir susceptibility: MD and MM/PB(GB)SA study. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2016; 30:917-926. [PMID: 27714494 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-016-9981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The H7N9 avian influenza virus is a novel re-assortment from at least four different strains of virus. Neuraminidase, which is a glycoprotein on the surface membrane, has been the target for drug treatment. However, some H7N9 strains that have been isolated from patient after drug treatment have a R292K mutation in neuraminidase. This substitution was found to facilitate drug resistance using protein- and virus- assays, in particular it gave a high resistance to the most commonly used drug, oseltamivir. The aim of this research is to understand the source of oseltamivir resistance using MD simulations and the MM/PB(GB)SA binding free energy approaches. Both methods can predict the reduced susceptibility of oseltamivir in good agreement to the IC 50 binding energy, although MM/GBSA underestimates this prediction compared to the MM/PBSA calculation. Electrostatic interaction is the main contribution for oseltamivir binding in terms of both interaction and solvation. We found that the source of the drug resistance is a decrease in the binding interaction combined with the reduction of the dehydration penalty. The smaller K292 mutated residue has a larger binding pocket cavity compared to the wild-type resulting in the loss of drug carboxylate-K292 hydrogen bonding and an increased accessibility for water molecules around the K292 mutated residue. In addition, oseltamivir does not bind well to the R292K mutant complex as shown by the high degree of fluctuation in ligand RMSD during the simulation and the change in angular distribution of bulky side chain groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiraphorn Phanich
- Computational Chemistry Unit Cell, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Structural and Computational Biology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Ph.D. Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Nawee Kungwan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Supot Hannongbua
- Computational Chemistry Unit Cell, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Hsin KY, Matsuoka Y, Asai Y, Kamiyoshi K, Watanabe T, Kawaoka Y, Kitano H. systemsDock: a web server for network pharmacology-based prediction and analysis. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:W507-13. [PMID: 27131384 PMCID: PMC4987901 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present systemsDock, a web server for network pharmacology-based prediction and analysis, which permits docking simulation and molecular pathway map for comprehensive characterization of ligand selectivity and interpretation of ligand action on a complex molecular network. It incorporates an elaborately designed scoring function for molecular docking to assess protein-ligand binding potential. For large-scale screening and ease of investigation, systemsDock has a user-friendly GUI interface for molecule preparation, parameter specification and result inspection. Ligand binding potentials against individual proteins can be directly displayed on an uploaded molecular interaction map, allowing users to systemically investigate network-dependent effects of a drug or drug candidate. A case study is given to demonstrate how systemsDock can be used to discover a test compound's multi-target activity. systemsDock is freely accessible at http://systemsdock.unit.oist.jp/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Yi Hsin
- Integrated Open Systems Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0412, Japan
| | - Yukiko Matsuoka
- The Systems Biology Institute, Minato, Tokyo 108-0071, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Asai
- Integrated Open Systems Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0412, Japan
| | - Kyota Kamiyoshi
- Integrated Open Systems Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0412, Japan
| | - Tokiko Watanabe
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Influenza Research Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53711, USA
| | - Hiroaki Kitano
- Integrated Open Systems Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna-son, Okinawa 904-0412, Japan The Systems Biology Institute, Minato, Tokyo 108-0071, Japan Laboratory for Disease Systems Modeling, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama City, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
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Bao J, Marathe B, Govorkova EA, Zheng JJ. Drug Repurposing Identifies Inhibitors of Oseltamivir-Resistant Influenza Viruses. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:3438-41. [PMID: 26833677 PMCID: PMC4807618 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor, oseltamivir, is a widely used anti-influenza drug. However, oseltamivir-resistant H1N1 influenza viruses carrying the H275Y NA mutation spontaneously emerged as a result of natural genetic drift and drug treatment. Because H275Y and other potential mutations may generate a future pandemic influenza strain that is oseltamivir-resistant, alternative therapy options are needed. Herein, we show that a structure-based computational method can be used to identify existing drugs that inhibit resistant viruses, thereby providing a first line of pharmaceutical defense against this possible scenario. We identified two drugs, nalidixic acid and dorzolamide, that potently inhibit the NA activity of oseltamivir-resistant H1N1 viruses with the H275Y NA mutation at very low concentrations, but have no effect on wild-type H1N1 NA even at a much higher concentration, suggesting that the oseltamivir-resistance mutation itself caused susceptibility to these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Bao
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Bindumadhav Marathe
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Elena A Govorkova
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - Jie J Zheng
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
- Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA.
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20
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Wang WL, Wu QY, Wang ZM, Niu LX, Wang C, Sun MC, Hu HY. Adsorption removal of antiviral drug oseltamivir and its metabolite oseltamivir carboxylate by carbon nanotubes: Effects of carbon nanotube properties and media. J Environ Manage 2015; 162:326-33. [PMID: 26265601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This investigation evaluated the adsorption behavior of the antiviral drugs of oseltamivir (OE) and its metabolites (i.e., oseltamivir carboxylate (OC)) on three types of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) including single-walled CNT (SWCNT), multi-walled CNT (MWCNT), and carboxylated SWCNT (SWCNT-COOH). CNTs can efficiently remove more than 90% of the OE and OC from aqueous solution when the initial concentration was lower than 10(-4) mmol/L. The Polanyi-Manes model depicted the adsorption isotherms of OE and OC on CNTs better than the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The properties of OE/OC and the characteristics of CNTs, particularly the oxygen functional groups (e.g., SWCNT-COOH) played important roles during the adsorption processes. OE showed a higher adsorption affinity than OC. By comparing the different adsorbates adsorption on each CNT and each adsorbate adsorption on different CNTs, the adsorption mechanisms of hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic interaction, van der Waals force, and H-bonding were proposed as the contributing factors for OE and OC adsorption on CNTs. Particularly, for verifying the contribution of electrostatic interaction, the changes of adsorption partition efficiency (Kd) of OE and OC on CNTs were evaluated by varying pH from 2 to 11 and the importance of isoelectric point (pHIEP) of CNTs on OE and OC adsorption was addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Long Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Shenzhen Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Qian-Yuan Wu
- Shenzhen Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
| | - Zheng-Ming Wang
- Environmental Management Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Onogawa 16-1, Tsukuba 305-8569, Japan.
| | - Li-Xia Niu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Shenzhen Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Chao Wang
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Ming-Chao Sun
- Environmental Management Technology Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Onogawa 16-1, Tsukuba 305-8569, Japan; College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Shenzhen Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
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21
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Wang WL, Wu QY, Wang ZM, Hu HY, Negishi N, Torimura M. Photocatalytic degradation of the antiviral drug Tamiflu by UV-A/TiO2: Kinetics and mechanisms. Chemosphere 2015; 131:41-47. [PMID: 25765262 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The photocatalytic degradation of the antiviral drug Tamiflu (oseltamivir phosphate, OP) by TiO2 - P25, ST-01 and ATO was investigated in aqueous solution under ultraviolet (UV-A) irradiation. The photocatalysis of OP is well described by pseudo-first-order kinetics with r2>98.0% for all cases. The kinetic constant of P25 with 80% anatase and 20% rutile (0.040 min(-1)) is 4 and 10 times higher than that of ATO and ST-01 with 100% purity of anatase, respectively. We examined the effects of the catalyst loading and initial OP concentration on the photodegradation of OP, and used potassium iodine, isopropanol, and calcium fluorine as radical quenchers to evaluate the contributions of the hydroxyl radical (OH) and photo hole (h+) in the photodegradation. Results confirmed that 80% of the contribution came from the OH species. Although more than 95% of the OP (21 μM) was removed after 80 min of UV-A irradiation with 20 and 100 mg L(-1) P25, the removal efficiencies of total organic carbon (TOC) were only 45.6% and 67.0%, respectively, after 360 min UV-A irradiation. Based on an intermediate analysis by HPLC coupled with a triple quadrupole spectrometer and an ion trap mass spectrometer, typical intermediate species such as hydration derivatives, hydroxyl substitutes and keto-derivatives were identified and possible degradation pathways of OP by P25 were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Long Wang
- Shenzhen Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Research Institute for Environmental Management Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Onogawa 16-1, Tsukuba 305-8569, Japan; Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qian-Yuan Wu
- Shenzhen Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zheng-Ming Wang
- Research Institute for Environmental Management Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Onogawa 16-1, Tsukuba 305-8569, Japan.
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Nobuaki Negishi
- Research Institute for Environmental Management Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Onogawa 16-1, Tsukuba 305-8569, Japan
| | - Masaki Torimura
- Research Institute for Environmental Management Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Onogawa 16-1, Tsukuba 305-8569, Japan
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22
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Karthick V, Ramanathan K. Insight into the oseltamivir resistance R292K mutation in H5N1 influenza virus: a molecular docking and molecular dynamics approach. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 68:291-9. [PMID: 23794010 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
H5N1 is a subtype of the influenza A virus that can cause disease in humans and many other animal species. Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is a potent and selective antiviral drug employed to fight the flu virus in infected individuals by inhibiting neuraminidase (NA), a flu protein responsible for the release and spread of the progeny virions. However, oseltamivir resistance has become a critical problem. In particular, influenza strains with a R292K NA mutation are highly resistant to the oseltamivir. Though the biological functions of the mutations have previously been characterized, the structural basis behind the reduced catalytic activity and reduced protein level is not clear. In this study, molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) approach were employed to investigate the structural and dynamical effects throughout the protein structure and specifically, at the drug-binding pocket. Furthermore, potential of mean force was analyzed using explicit solvent MD simulations with the umbrella sampling method to explore the free energy of binding. It is believed that this study provides valuable guidance for the resistance management of oseltamivir and designing of more potent antiviral inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Karthick
- Bioinformatics Division, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
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23
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Lin CY, Chi HC, Shih KC, Zhou J, Hsiao NW, Tang CY. Development of 3D-QSAR combination approach for discovering and analysing neuraminidase inhibitors in silico. INT J DATA MIN BIOIN 2014; 9:305-20. [PMID: 25163170 DOI: 10.1504/ijdmb.2014.060053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Zanamivir and Oseltamivir are both sialic acid analog inhibitors of Neuraminidase (NA), which is an important target in influenza A virus treatment. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) is a common computational method for correlating the structural properties of compounds (or inhibitors) with their biological activities. The pharmcophore model easily and quickly recognises related inhibitors and also fits the binding site interaction features of a protein structure. The Comparative Molecular Similarity Index Analysis (CoMSIA) model easily optimises molecular structures and describes the limit range of molecule weights. This study proposes a combination approach that integrates these two models based on the same training set inhibitors in order to screen and optimize NA inhibitor candidates during drug design.
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Nguyen VH, Pham VC, Do TT, Mai HDT, Le NT, Vu VN, Tran VH, Nguyen TMH, Dehaen W, Chau VM. Synthesis and biological evaluation of oseltamivir analogues from shikimic acid. Nat Prod Commun 2014; 9:977-980. [PMID: 25230508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
New oseltamivir analogues were designed and synthesized, starting from shikimic acid. Biological evaluation against three human cancer cell lines (KB, MCF7 and Lu-1) showed that many of them exhibited cytotoxic activity. Azides 5 are more active than the corresponding amines 6. Thus, the reduction of the azide group into amine led to the loss of cytotoxicity. The compounds with a cyclohexanemethyloxy group at C-3 were more active than the other investigated compounds belonging to the same series. This cyclohexanemethyloxy group seems to be critical for the cytotoxic activity of this class of compounds. The synthetic oseltamivir analogues 6a-e had no inhibition activity, even at the concentration of 50 microM when they were evaluated for their in vitro influenza A neuraminidase inhibitory activity by an enzymatic assay.
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25
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Pan H, Zhang P, Gao D, Zhang Y, Li P, Liu L, Wang C, Wang H, Ma Y, Cai L. Noninvasive visualization of respiratory viral infection using bioorthogonal conjugated near-infrared-emitting quantum dots. ACS Nano 2014; 8:5468-77. [PMID: 24797178 DOI: 10.1021/nn501028b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses are emerging pandemic threats in human beings. Monitoring the in vivo dynamics of avian influenza viruses is extremely important for understanding viral pathogenesis and developing antiviral drugs. Although a number of technologies have been applied for tracking viral infection in vivo, most of them are laborious with unsatisfactory detection sensitivity. Herein we labeled avian influenza H5N1 pseudotype virus (H5N1p) with near-infrared (NIR)-emitting QDs by bioorthogonal chemistry. The conjugation of QDs onto H5N1p was highly efficient with superior stability both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, QD-labeled H5N1p (QD-H5N1p) demonstrated bright and sustained fluorescent signals in mouse lung tissues, allowing us to visualize respiratory viral infection in a noninvasive and real-time manner. The fluorescence signals of QD-H5N1p in lung were correlated with the severity of virus infection and significantly attenuated by antiviral agents, such as oseltamivir carboxylate and mouse antiserum against H5N1p. The biodistribution of QD-H5N1p in lungs and other organs could be easily quantified by measuring fluorescent signals and cadmium concentration of virus-conjugated QDs in tissues. Hence, virus labeling with NIR QDs provides a simple, reliable, and quantitative strategy for tracking respiratory viral infection and for antiviral drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine, CAS Key Laboratory of Health Informatics, Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
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26
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Streicher H, Martin SR, Coombs PJ, McCauley J, Neill-Hall D, Stanley M. A phospha-oseltamivir-biotin conjugate as a strong and selective adhesive for the influenza virus. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:1805-7. [PMID: 24594352 PMCID: PMC3988921 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We present the synthesis and application of a molecule containing both the powerful influenza neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor phospha-oseltamivir and d-biotin, connected via an undecaethylene glycol spacer. It inhibits influenza virus neuraminidase (from the H3N2 X31 virus) in the same range as oseltamivir, with a slow off-rate, and produces a stable NA-coated surface when loaded onto streptavidin-coated biosensors. Purified X31 virus binds to these loaded biosensors with an apparent dissociation constant in the low picomolar range and binding of antibodies to the immobilized virus could be readily detected. The compound is thus a potential candidate for the selective immobilization of influenza virus in influenza diagnosis, vaccine choice, development or testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansjörg Streicher
- 18, Tarret Burn, Didcot OX11 7FZ, UK; Chemistry Division, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK.
| | - Stephen R Martin
- Division of Physical Biochemistry, MRC National Institute of Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - Peter J Coombs
- Division of Physical Biochemistry, MRC National Institute of Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - John McCauley
- Division of Virology, MRC National Institute of Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK
| | - David Neill-Hall
- Chemistry Division, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Mathew Stanley
- Chemistry Division, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
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27
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Yang YJ, Li JY, Liu XW, Zhang JY, Liu YR, Li B. A non-biological method for screening active components against influenza virus from traditional Chinese medicine by coupling a LC column with oseltamivir molecularly imprinted polymers. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84458. [PMID: 24386385 PMCID: PMC3873415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop a non-biological method for screening active components against influenza virus from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extraction, a liquid chromatography (LC) column prepared with oseltamivir molecularly imprinted polymer (OSMIP) was employed with LC-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). From chloroform extracts of compound TCM liquid preparation, we observed an affinitive component m/z 249, which was identified to be matrine following analysis of phytochemical literatures, OSMIP-LC column on-line of control compounds and MS/MS off-line. The results showed that matrine had similar bioactivities with OS against avian influenza virus H9N2 in vitro for both alleviating cytopathic effect and hemagglutination inhibition and that the stereostructures of these two compounds are similar while their two-dimensional structures were different. In addition, our results suggested that the bioactivities of those affinitive compounds were correlated with their chromatographic behaviors, in which less difference of the chromatographic behaviors might have more similar bioactivities. This indicates that matrine is a potential candidate drug to prevent or cure influenza for human or animal. In conclusion, the present study showed that molecularly imprinted polymers can be used as a non-biological method for screening active components against influenza virus from TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jun Yang
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Animal Drug, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Jian-Yong Li
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Animal Drug, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Xi-Wang Liu
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Animal Drug, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Ji-Yu Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Animal Drug, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Yu-Rong Liu
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Animal Drug, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
| | - Bing Li
- Gansu Provincial Engineering Research Center for New Animal Drug, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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28
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Gillman A, Muradrasoli S, Söderström H, Nordh J, Bröjer C, Lindberg RH, Latorre-Margalef N, Waldenström J, Olsen B, Järhult JD. Resistance mutation R292K is induced in influenza A(H6N2) virus by exposure of infected mallards to low levels of oseltamivir. PLoS One 2013; 8:e71230. [PMID: 23951116 PMCID: PMC3741332 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) is problematic as these drugs constitute the major treatment option for severe influenza. Extensive use of the NAI oseltamivir (Tamiflu®) results in up to 865 ng/L of its active metabolite oseltamivir carboxylate (OC) in river water. There one of the natural reservoirs of influenza A, dabbling ducks, can be exposed. We previously demonstrated that an influenza A(H1N1) virus in mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) exposed to 1 µg/L of OC developed oseltamivir resistance through the mutation H274Y (N2-numbering). In this study, we assessed the resistance development in an A(H6N2) virus, which belongs to the phylogenetic N2 group of neuraminidases with distinct functional and resistance characteristics. Mallards were infected with A(H6N2) while exposed to 120 ng/L, 1.2 µg/L or 12 µg/L of OC in their sole water source. After 4 days with 12 µg/L of OC exposure, the resistance mutation R292K emerged and then persisted. Drug sensitivity was decreased ≈13,000-fold for OC and ≈7.8-fold for zanamivir. Viral shedding was similar when comparing R292K and wild-type virus indicating sustained replication and transmission. Reduced neuraminidase activity and decrease in recovered virus after propagation in embryonated hen eggs was observed in R292K viruses. The initial, but not the later R292K isolates reverted to wild-type during egg-propagation, suggesting a stabilization of the mutation, possibly through additional mutations in the neuraminidase (D113N or D141N) or hemagglutinin (E216K). Our results indicate a risk for OC resistance development also in a N2 group influenza virus and that exposure to one NAI can result in a decreased sensitivity to other NAIs as well. If established in influenza viruses circulating among wild birds, the resistance could spread to humans via re-assortment or direct transmission. This could potentially cause an oseltamivir-resistant pandemic; a serious health concern as preparedness plans rely heavily on oseltamivir before vaccines can be mass-produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gillman
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shaman Muradrasoli
- Section of Bacteriology and Food Safety, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Johan Nordh
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Caroline Bröjer
- Section of Pathology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Neus Latorre-Margalef
- Section for Zoonotic Ecology and Epidemiology, School of Natural Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Jonas Waldenström
- Section for Zoonotic Ecology and Epidemiology, School of Natural Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Björn Olsen
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Josef D. Järhult
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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29
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Hu ZY, Boucher BA, Laizure SC, Herring VL, Parker RB, Hickerson WL. Nonvolatile salt-free stabilizer for the quantification of polar imipenem and cilastatin in human plasma using hydrophilic interaction chromatography/quadrupole mass spectrometry with contamination sensitive off-axis electrospray. J Mass Spectrom 2013; 48:945-950. [PMID: 23893642 PMCID: PMC3747842 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A hydrophilic interaction chromatography/mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS)-based assay for imipenem (IMP) and cilastatin (CIL) was recently reported. This orthogonal electrospray ion source-based (ORS) assay utilized nonvolatile salt (unremovable) to stabilize IMI in plasma. Unfortunately, this method was not applicable to conventional MS with off-axis spray (OAS-MS) because MS sensitivity was rapidly deteriorated by the nonvolatile salt. Therefore, we aimed to find a nonvolatile salt- and ion suppression-free approach to stabilize and measure the analytes in plasma using OAS-MS. Acetonitrile and methanol were tested to stabilize the analytes in the plasma samples. The recoveries, matrix effects and stabilities of the analytes in the stabilizer-treated samples were studied. The variations in MS signal intensities were used as the indicator of the assay ruggedness. The results show that a mixture of methanol and acetonitrile (1:1) is best for the storage and measurement of IMP and CIL in human plasma. Utilization of this precipitant not only blocked the hydrolysis of the analytes in plasma but also resulted in an ion suppression-free, fast (120 s per sample) and sensitive detection. The sensitivity obtained using the less sensitive OAS-MS (API3000, 4 pg on column) is much greater than that of the published ORS-MS-based assay (API4000, 77 pg on column). The ruggedness of the assay was demonstrated by its constant MS signal intensity. In conclusion, an improved HILIC/MS-based assay for IMP and CIL was established. The approach presented here provides a simple solution to the challenge of analyzing hydrolytically unstable β-lactam antibiotics in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Yi Hu
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Pharmacy, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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30
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Karthick V, Shanthi V, Rajasekaran R, Ramanathan K. In silico analysis of drug-resistant mutant of neuraminidase (N294S) against oseltamivir. Protoplasma 2013; 250:197-207. [PMID: 22392098 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-012-0394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The recent H1N1 influenza pandemic has attracted worldwide attention due to the high infection rate. Oseltamivir is a new class of anti-viral agent approved for the treatment and prevention of influenza infections. The principal target for this drug is a virus surface glycoprotein, neuraminidase (NA), which facilitates the release of nascent virus and thus spreads infection. Until recently, only a low prevalence of neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) resistance (<1 %) had been detected in circulating viruses. However, there have been reports of significant numbers of A (H1N1) influenza strains with a N294S neuraminidase mutation that was highly resistant to the NAI, oseltamivir. Hence, in the present study, we highlight the effect of point mutation-induced oseltamivir resistance in H1N1 subtype neuraminidases by molecular simulation approach. The docking analysis reveals that mutation (N294S) significantly affects the binding affinity of oseltamivir with mutant type NA. This is mainly due to the decrease in the flexibility of binding site residues and the difference in prevalence of hydrogen bonds in the wild and mutant structures. This study throws light on the possible effects of drug-resistant mutations on the large functionally important collective motions in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Karthick
- Bioinformatics Division, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014 Tamil Nadu, India
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31
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Antiviral drugs for influenza 2012-2013. Med Lett Drugs Ther 2012; 54:97-8. [PMID: 23223245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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32
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Mestankova H, Schirmer K, Escher BI, von Gunten U, Canonica S. Removal of the antiviral agent oseltamivir and its biological activity by oxidative processes. Environ Pollut 2012; 161:30-35. [PMID: 22230064 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The antiviral agent oseltamivir acid (OA, the active metabolite of Tamiflu(®)) may occur at high concentrations in wastewater during pandemic influenza events. To eliminate OA and its antiviral activity from wastewater, ozonation and advanced oxidation processes were investigated. For circumneutral pH, kinetic measurements yielded second-order rate constants of 1.7 ± 0.1 × 10(5) and 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10(9) M(-1) s(-1) for the reaction of OA with ozone and hydroxyl radical, respectively. During the degradation of OA by both oxidants, the antiviral activity of the treated aqueous solutions was measured by inhibition of neuraminidase activity of two different viral strains. A transient, moderate (two-fold) increase in antiviral activity was observed in solutions treated up to a level of 50% OA transformation, while for higher degrees of transformation the activity corresponded to that caused exclusively by OA. OA was efficiently removed by ozonation in a wastewater treatment plant effluent, suggesting that ozonation can be applied to remove OA from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Mestankova
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 133, P.O. Box 611, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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33
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Lawrenz M, Baron R, Wang Y, McCammon JA. Independent-Trajectory Thermodynamic Integration: a practical guide to protein-drug binding free energy calculations using distributed computing. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 819:469-486. [PMID: 22183552 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-465-0_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Independent-Trajectory Thermodynamic Integration (IT-TI) approach for free energy calculation with distributed computing is described. IT-TI utilizes diverse conformational sampling obtained from multiple, independent simulations to obtain more reliable free energy estimates compared to single TI predictions. The latter may significantly under- or over-estimate the binding free energy due to finite sampling. We exemplify the advantages of the IT-TI approach using two distinct cases of protein-ligand binding. In both cases, IT-TI yields distributions of absolute binding free energy estimates that are remarkably centered on the target experimental values. Alternative protocols for the practical and general application of IT-TI calculations are investigated. We highlight a protocol that maximizes predictive power and computational efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Lawrenz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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34
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Leknes H, Sturtzel IE, Dye C. Environmental release of oseltamivir from a Norwegian sewage treatment plant during the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic. Sci Total Environ 2012; 414:632-8. [PMID: 22127154 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
During the 2009 influenza type A(H1N1) pandemic, the antiviral drug oseltamivir (OP, Tamiflu®) was extensively used for treatment and prophylaxis after recommendation from World Health Organisation (WHO). Previous studies have indicated that the pharmaceutically active metabolite of OP, oseltamivir carboxylate (OC), is not readily degraded in sewage treatment plants (STPs) and therefore will be released into receiving waters in elevated concentrations during a pandemic outbreak of influenza. A method for analyzing OP and OC in wastewater by UPLC-TOF has been developed and validated. This analytical method has been used to study the release of OP and OC from a sewage treatment plant outside Oslo, Norway during the 2009 pandemic. Daily flow-proportional influent and effluent samples from 11 weeks covering the main wave of the influenza pandemic were analyzed, and the observed trend in OP and OC concentrations closely followed the trend in percentage of medical consultations caused by influenza-like illness. Concentrations in wastewater influent were in the range of 5-529 ng/L and 28-1213 ng/L for OP and OC, respectively. Concentration data from the 54 influent/effluent sample sets suggest STP removal in the range of -0.8% to 8% for OP and -14% to 0.6% for OC. Statistical analysis of the data sets was inconclusive in determining a removal rate different from 0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henriette Leknes
- NILU, Norwegian Institute for Air Research, PO Box 100, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway.
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35
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Abstract
The method of accelerated molecular dynamics (aMD) has been shown to increase the rate of phase-space sampling in biomolecular simulations. In this chapter, we discuss the theory behind aMD and describe the implementation of two versions: dual-boost and selective aMD. Each method has its practical advantages: dual-boost aMD is useful for increasing sampling of global conformational motions while selective aMD can improve the rate of convergence of free energy calculations. Special emphasis is placed on the use of these methods in computer-aided drug design, and the example of oseltamivir binding to neuraminidase is highlighted for both cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Wereszczynski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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36
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Vavricka CJ, Li Q, Wu Y, Qi J, Wang M, Liu Y, Gao F, Liu J, Feng E, He J, Wang J, Liu H, Jiang H, Gao GF. Structural and functional analysis of laninamivir and its octanoate prodrug reveals group specific mechanisms for influenza NA inhibition. PLoS Pathog 2011; 7:e1002249. [PMID: 22028647 PMCID: PMC3197600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic (pH1N1) led to record sales of neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors, which has contributed significantly to the recent increase in oseltamivir-resistant viruses. Therefore, development and careful evaluation of novel NA inhibitors is of great interest. Recently, a highly potent NA inhibitor, laninamivir, has been approved for use in Japan. Laninamivir is effective using a single inhaled dose via its octanoate prodrug (CS-8958) and has been demonstrated to be effective against oseltamivir-resistant NA in vitro. However, effectiveness of laninamivir octanoate prodrug against oseltamivir-resistant influenza infection in adults has not been demonstrated. NA is classified into 2 groups based upon phylogenetic analysis and it is becoming clear that each group has some distinct structural features. Recently, we found that pH1N1 N1 NA (p09N1) is an atypical group 1 NA with some group 2-like features in its active site (lack of a 150-cavity). Furthermore, it has been reported that certain oseltamivir-resistant substitutions in the NA active site are group 1 specific. In order to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of laninamivir, we utilized recombinant N5 (typical group 1), p09N1 (atypical group 1) and N2 from the 1957 pandemic H2N2 (p57N2) (typical group 2) to carry out in vitro inhibition assays. We found that laninamivir and its octanoate prodrug display group specific preferences to different influenza NAs and provide the structural basis of their specific action based upon their novel complex crystal structures. Our results indicate that laninamivir and zanamivir are more effective against group 1 NA with a 150-cavity than group 2 NA with no 150-cavity. Furthermore, we have found that the laninamivir octanoate prodrug has a unique binding mode in p09N1 that is different from that of group 2 p57N2, but with some similarities to NA-oseltamivir binding, which provides additional insight into group specific differences of oseltamivir binding and resistance. The influenza neuraminidase (NA) enzyme is the most successful drug target against the seasonal and pandemic flu. The 2009 H1N1 flu pandemic led to record sales of the NA inhibitors oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza). Recently, a new drug, laninamivir (Inavir), has been approved for use in Japan can also be administered effectively using a single dose via its octanoate prodrug (CS-8958), however its effectiveness against oseltamivir-resistant influenza infection has not been demonstrated in clinical studies. In this study we comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of laninamivir and its prodrug using NA from different groups with different active site features. We expressed and purified a group 2 NA from the 1957 pandemic H2N2, an atypical group 1 NA from the 2009 H1N1 pandemic and a group 1 NA from avian H12N5. NA inhibition was assayed and NAs were further crystallized with each inhibitor to determine the structural basis of their action. We found that laninamivir inhibition is highly potent for each NA, however binding and inhibition of laninamivir and its prodrug showed group specific preferences. Our results provide the structural and functional basis of NA inhibition using classical and novel inhibitors, with NAs from multiple serotypes with different properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Vavricka
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxun Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Gao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Enguang Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua He
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hualiang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - George F. Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Graduate University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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37
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Gonçalves C, Pérez S, Osorio V, Petrovic M, Alpendurada MF, Barceló D. Photofate of oseltamivir (Tamiflu) and oseltamivir carboxylate under natural and simulated solar irradiation: kinetics, identification of the transformation products, and environmental occurrence. Environ Sci Technol 2011; 45:4307-4314. [PMID: 21495632 DOI: 10.1021/es1032629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this work the photodegradation pathways and rates of oseltamivir ester (OE) and oseltamivir carboxylate (OC) were studied under artificial and natural solar irradiation with the goal of assessing the potential of photolysis as a removal mechanism in aquatic environments. The structures of the photoproducts of OE, elucidated by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-QToF-MS), were proposed to originate from hydration of the cyclohexene ring (TP330), ester hydrolysis (TP284), a combination thereof (TP302), intramolecular cyclization involving the ester (TP312), and cleavage of the ethylpropoxy side chain (TP226). The only photoproduct detected in case of OC was postulated to correspond to the hydration of the α,β-unsaturated acid (TP302). Under simulated solar irradiation the degradation rate of OC was approximately 10 times slower than that of OE, with half-lives ranging from 48 h in ultrapure water to 12 h in surface water from Sant Joan Despi, Llobregat river. The photodegradation under natural solar irradiation during the season of pandemic Influenza peak incidence was about 150 days for OC and 15 days for OE. In general, the photoproducts proved to be more resistant toward further photodegradation than the parent antivirals. In a monitoring survey of surface waters from the Ebro river (NE Spain), OC and OE were detected along with the photoproducts TP330 and 312.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto/RuaAníbal Cunha, 164/4050-047 Porto, Portugal
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38
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Abstract
We report a full account of our work towards the development of an eight-step synthesis of anti-influenza drug (-)-oseltamivir (Tamiflu) from commercially available starting materials. The final synthetic route proceeds with an overall yield of 30 %. Key transformations include a novel palladium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation reaction (Pd-AAA) as well as a rhodium-catalyzed chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective aziridination reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry M Trost
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5080, USA.
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39
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Boatemaa LP, Plaizier-Vercammen J. [Oseltamivir suspensions]. J Pharm Belg 2010:100-104. [PMID: 21294315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Poku Boatemaa
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Technologie pharmaceutique et pharmacie physique, Bruxelles
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40
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Caracciolo AB, Grenni P, Saccà ML. Effect of the antiviral drug oseltamivir (Tamiflu) on the bacterial community structure of a surface water ecosystem analyzed using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2010; 85:443-446. [PMID: 20957346 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-010-0114-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The antiviral drug Tamiflu has received particular attention because of its recommended use against the influenza A H5N1 and H1N1 viruses. Given its resistance to degradation and its hydrophilicity the active metabolite, Oseltamivir Carboxylate (OC), is expected to enter the aquatic ecosystem from sewage treatment plants. In the present paper the bacterial community of surface water samples, treated with OC (1.5 mg L⁻¹), was characterized by Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) in microcosm experiments. The α-, β- and γ-Proteobacteria increased in OC-treated versus non-treated water samples during the incubation period, suggesting these bacterial groups had an active role in OC degradation.
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41
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Le L, Lee EH, Hardy DJ, Truong TN, Schulten K. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that electrostatic funnel directs binding of Tamiflu to influenza N1 neuraminidases. PLoS Comput Biol 2010; 6. [PMID: 20885781 PMCID: PMC2944783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is currently the frontline antiviral drug employed to fight the flu virus in infected individuals by inhibiting neuraminidase, a flu protein responsible for the release of newly synthesized virions. However, oseltamivir resistance has become a critical problem due to rapid mutation of the flu virus. Unfortunately, how mutations actually confer drug resistance is not well understood. In this study, we employ molecular dynamics (MD) and steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations, as well as graphics processing unit (GPU)-accelerated electrostatic mapping, to uncover the mechanism behind point mutation induced oseltamivir-resistance in both H5N1 “avian” and H1N1pdm “swine” flu N1-subtype neuraminidases. The simulations reveal an electrostatic binding funnel that plays a key role in directing oseltamivir into and out of its binding site on N1 neuraminidase. The binding pathway for oseltamivir suggests how mutations disrupt drug binding and how new drugs may circumvent the resistance mechanisms. Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is the main antiviral drug used to fight viral influenza outbreaks such as the recent swine flu (H1N1pdm) global pandemic and avian (H5N1) outbreak in Asia. Oseltamivir inhibits a protein on the surface of flu viruses called neuraminidase, which is responsible for releasing newly formed viruses. The rapid emergence of drug resistance in H5N1 avian flu (and recently the H1N1pdm strain) has already motivated numerous studies to understand how mutations render oseltamivir ineffective, but no focused investigation has yet elucidated the specific mechanism behind mutation-induced drug resistance. Here, large scale computer simulations are employed to study both H5N1 and H1N1pdm neuraminidase to answer the questions: how does N1-subtype neuraminidase bind oseltamivir, and how would mutations alter this process? The key finding revealed in our simulations is the discovery of oseltamivir binding to neuraminidase by a charged pathway on the protein surface. We suggest that point mutations may disrupt drug binding by interfering with this pathway. Our results explain the fundamental mechanism behind oseltamivir resistance and pave the way for the design of drugs that circumvent viral drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ly Le
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- School of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh International University and Saigon Institute for Computational Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Eric H. Lee
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - David J. Hardy
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Thanh N. Truong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Klaus Schulten
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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42
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Ghosh GC, Nakada N, Yamashita N, Tanaka H. Occurrence and fate of oseltamivir carboxylate (Tamiflu) and amantadine in sewage treatment plants. Chemosphere 2010; 81:13-17. [PMID: 20692015 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the occurrence and fate of the two antiviral drugs oseltamivir carboxylate (OC)-the active metabolite of Tamiflu-and amantadine (AMT) at three sewage treatment plants (STPs) during the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 influenza seasons in Japan. Both compounds were detected in all samples analyzed. The concentrations in raw influents at the STPs ranged from 140 to 460 ng L(-1) OC and from 184 to 538 ng L(-1) AMT. Primary treatment gave no substantial removal of the drugs (OC, 2-9%; AMT, 7-17%). Biological nutrient-removal-based secondary treatment (anoxic-oxic-anoxic-oxic and anaerobic-anoxic-oxic) removed 20-37% of OC, whereas extended-aeration-based conventional activated sludge treatment removed <20%. STPs using primary plus biological secondary treatment removed <50% of the drugs. The incorporation of tertiary treatment by ozonation removed >90%. Ozonation after secondary treatment in STPs will be necessary during an influenza pandemic to reduce the risks associated with the widespread use of antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Chandra Ghosh
- Research Centre for Environmental Quality Management, Kyoto University, 1-2 Yumihama, Otsu, Shiga 520-0811, Japan.
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43
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Zhang Q, Zhao QJ, Xiong RS, Li JF, Shen JS. [Research progress of anti-influenza virus agents]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2010; 45:289-299. [PMID: 21351503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Influenza is a major threat to millions of people worldwide. Vaccines and antiviral agents are two main options available to reduce the impact of the influenza virus, while anti-influenza agents are the most effective means to prevent the transmission of the highly contagious virus and to treat the epidemics of disease. At present, four anti-influenza agents have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of influenza, including two M2 protein ion channel inhibitors-amantadine and rimantadine and two neuraminidase inhibitors-zanamivir and oseltamivir. Arbidol hydrochloride, launched in Russia, is a potent inhibitor of influenza virus, too. Neuraminidase inhibitors could be classified generally by structure into six different kinds: sialic acid derivatives, benzoic acid derivatives, cyclohexene derivatives, cyclopentane derivatives, pyrrolidine derivatives and natural products. In this paper, recent progress in the research of the action mechanisms and structure-activity relationships of these anti-influenza virus agents were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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Escher BI, Bramaz N, Lienert J, Neuwoehner J, Straub JO. Mixture toxicity of the antiviral drug Tamiflu((R)) (oseltamivir ethylester) and its active metabolite oseltamivir acid. Aquat Toxicol 2010; 96:194-202. [PMID: 19939473 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2009] [Revised: 10/20/2009] [Accepted: 10/23/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Tamiflu (oseltamivir ethylester) is an antiviral agent for the treatment of influenza A and B. The pro-drug Tamiflu is converted in the human body to the pharmacologically active metabolite, oseltamivir acid, with a yield of 75%. Oseltamivir acid is indirectly photodegradable and slowly biodegradable in sewage works and sediment/water systems. A previous environmental risk assessment has concluded that there is no bioaccumulation potential of either of the compounds. However, little was known about the ecotoxicity of the metabolite. Ester hydrolysis typically reduces the hydrophobicity and thus the toxicity of a compound. In this case, a zwitterionic, but overall neutral species is formed from the charged parent compound. If the speciation and predicted partitioning into biological membranes is considered, the metabolite may have a relevant contribution to the overall toxicity. These theoretical considerations triggered a study to investigate the toxicity of oseltamivir acid (OA), alone and in binary mixtures with its parent compound oseltamivir ethylester (OE). OE and OA were found to be baseline toxicants in the bioluminescence inhibition test with Vibrio fischeri. Their mixture effect lay between predictions for concentration addition and independent action for the mixture ratio excreted in urine and nine additional mixture ratios of OE and OA. In contrast, OE was an order of magnitude more toxic than OA towards algae, with a more pronounced effect when the direct inhibition of photosystem II was used as toxicity endpoint opposed to the 24h growth rate endpoint. The binary mixtures in this assay yielded experimental mixture effects that agreed with predictions for independent action. This is consistent with the finding that OE exhibits slightly enhanced toxicity, while OA acts as baseline toxicant. Therefore, with respect to mixture classification, the two compounds can be considered as acting according to different modes of toxic action, although there are indications that the difference is a toxicokinetic effect, not a true difference of mechanism of toxicity. The general mixture results illustrate the need to consider the role of metabolites in the risk assessment of pharmaceuticals. However, in the concentration ratio of parent to metabolite excreted by humans, the experimental results confirm that the active metabolite does not significantly contribute to the risk quotient of the mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate I Escher
- The University of Queensland, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology, Brisbane, Australia.
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Wang SQ, Du QS, Huang RB, Zhang DW, Chou KC. Insights from investigating the interaction of oseltamivir (Tamiflu) with neuraminidase of the 2009 H1N1 swine flu virus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 386:432-6. [PMID: 19523442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Qing Wang
- College of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
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Saccà ML, Accinelli C, Fick J, Lindberg R, Olsen B. Environmental fate of the antiviral drug Tamiflu in two aquatic ecosystems. Chemosphere 2009; 75:28-33. [PMID: 19124147 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2008] [Revised: 11/23/2008] [Accepted: 11/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The antiviral drug Tamiflu (Oseltamivir Phosphate, OP), has been indicated by the World Health Organization as a first-line defense in case of an avian influenza pandemic. Recent studies have demonstrated that Oseltamivir Carboxylate (OC), the active metabolite of the prodrug OP, has the potential to be released into water bodies. The present laboratory study focused on basic processes governing the environmental fate of OC in surface water from two contrasting aquatic ecosystems of northern Italy, the River Po and the Venice lagoon. Results of this study confirmed the potential of OC to persist in surface water. However, addition of 5% of sediments resulted in rapid OC degradation. Estimated half-life of OC in water/sediment of the River Po was 15 days. After three weeks of incubation at 20 degrees C, more than 8% of (14)C-OC evolved as (14)CO(2) from water/sediment samples of the River Po and Venice lagoon. At the end of the 21-day incubation period, more than 65% of the (14)C-residues were recovered from the liquid phase of both Po and Venice water/sediment samples. OC was moderately retained onto coarse sediments from the two sites. In water/sediment samples of the River Po and Venice lagoon treated with (14)C-OC, more than 30% of the (14)C-residues remained water-extractable after three weeks of incubation. The low affinity of OC to sediments suggests that presence of sediments would not reduce its bioavailability to microbial degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ludovica Saccà
- Department of Agro-Environmental Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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Rungrotmongkol T, Malaisree M, Udommaneethanakit T, Hannongbua S. Comment on "Another look at the molecular mechanism of the resistance of H5N1 influenza A virus neuraminidase (NA) to oseltamivir (OTV)". Biophys Chem 2009; 141:131-2; author reply 133. [PMID: 19231807 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2009.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2008] [Revised: 01/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bartels P, von Tümpling W. The environmental fate of the antiviral drug oseltamivir carboxylate in different waters. Sci Total Environ 2008; 405:215-225. [PMID: 18675443 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2008] [Revised: 06/19/2008] [Accepted: 06/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Since the efficacy of oseltamivir carboxylate (OC) as the active metabolite of Tamiflu has been demonstrated against influenza viruses and even against the avian influenza virus (H5N1), millions of Tamiflu treatment courses are stockpiled worldwide. This was done not at least to follow the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) to cope with a viral influenza pandemic. Concentrations up to 26-32 microg l(-1) OC in river catchment areas in the United States and in the United Kingdom had been predicted recently for a pandemic case, assuming an apparent persistence of the Tamiflu metabolite. Such concentrations may involve the risk of generation of antiviral resistance. But there is still a lack of data concerning the stability of OC in a surface water environment. Under this aspect these predictions have to be validated with concrete facts about the environmental fate of OC. In this article we summarized the results of three different daylight exposure experiments with OC in different waters under sterile and non-sterile conditions simulating shallow water processes at the latitude of approximately 52 degrees N. Using a river water solution containing 50 microg l(-1) OC under non-sterile conditions a half-life time of 17.8 days was observed. Direct photolysis plays no or only a negligible role for the decomposition of OC. Degradation of OC seems to occur as a combination of microbial metabolism and indirect photolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bartels
- UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Renner R. Tamiflu survives sewage treatment. Environ Sci Technol 2007; 41:7591. [PMID: 18075061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Abstract
Zanamivir and oseltamivir, the currently marketed influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs), are prescribed for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza and are being stockpiled for pandemic influenza. Oseltamivir resistance has been reported in up to 2% of patients in clinical trials of oseltamivir and in up to 18% of treated children. There are also reports in at least three patients treated with oseltamivir for influenza A (H5N1) infections. At this stage, there are no reports of resistance occurring to zanamivir in immunocompetent patients. Zanamivir and oseltamivir bind differently at the neuraminidase catalytic site and this contributes to different drug resistance profiles. The magnitude and duration of NAI concentrations at the site of infection are also expected to be important factors and are determined by route and timing of drug administration, dose, and pharmacokinetic differences between patients. In addition, the type, strain, and virulence of the influenza strain and the nature of the immune response all appear to play a role in determining the likelihood of drug resistance arising. The clinical significance of a particular NAI-resistant isolate from a patient is often not clear but virus viability and transmissibility are clearly important characteristics. Early initiation of NAI treatment in suspected cases of influenza is important for maximizing efficacy and minimizing the risk of drug resistance. Higher NAI doses and longer periods of treatment may be required for patients with influenza A (H5N1) infections but further work is needed in this area.
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