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Moshynets OV, Baranovskyi TP, Iungin OS, Kysil NP, Metelytsia LO, Pokholenko I, Potochilova VV, Potters G, Rudnieva KL, Rymar SY, Semenyuta IV, Spiers AJ, Tarasyuk OP, Rogalsky SP. eDNA Inactivation and Biofilm Inhibition by the PolymericBiocide Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Hydrochloride (PHMG-Cl). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020731. [PMID: 35054915 PMCID: PMC8775615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The choice of effective biocides used for routine hospital practice should consider the role of disinfectants in the maintenance and development of local resistome and how they might affect antibiotic resistance gene transfer within the hospital microbial population. Currently, there is little understanding of how different biocides contribute to eDNA release that may contribute to gene transfer and subsequent environmental retention. Here, we investigated how different biocides affect the release of eDNA from mature biofilms of two opportunistic model strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (PA) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (SA) and contribute to the hospital resistome in the form of surface and water contaminants and dust particles. The effect of four groups of biocides, alcohols, hydrogen peroxide, quaternary ammonium compounds, and the polymeric biocide polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG-Cl), was evaluated using PA and SA biofilms. Most biocides, except for PHMG-Cl and 70% ethanol, caused substantial eDNA release, and PHMG-Cl was found to block biofilm development when used at concentrations of 0.5% and 0.1%. This might be associated with the formation of DNA–PHMG-Cl complexes as PHMG-Cl is predicted to bind to AT base pairs by molecular docking assays. PHMG-Cl was found to bind high-molecular DNA and plasmid DNA and continued to inactivate DNA on surfaces even after 4 weeks. PHMG-Cl also effectively inactivated biofilm-associated antibiotic resistance gene eDNA released by a pan-drug-resistant Klebsiella strain, which demonstrates the potential of a polymeric biocide as a new surface-active agent to combat the spread of antibiotic resistance in hospital settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena V. Moshynets
- Biofilm Study Group, Department of Cell Regulatory Mechanisms, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnoho Str., 03680 Kiev, Ukraine; (O.S.I.); (I.P.); (S.Y.R.)
- Correspondence: (O.V.M.); (S.P.R.)
| | - Taras P. Baranovskyi
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Allergology, Clinical and Laboratory Immunology, Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, 9 Dorohozhytska Str., 03680 Kiev, Ukraine;
- Kyiv Regional Clinical Hospital, 1 Baggovutivska Street, 04107 Kiev, Ukraine; (V.V.P.); (K.L.R.)
| | - Olga S. Iungin
- Biofilm Study Group, Department of Cell Regulatory Mechanisms, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnoho Str., 03680 Kiev, Ukraine; (O.S.I.); (I.P.); (S.Y.R.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Leather and Fur, Faculty of Chemical and Biopharmaceutical Technologies, Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Nemyrovycha-Danchenka Street, 2, 01011 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Nadiia P. Kysil
- National Children’s Specialized Hospital “Okhmatdyt”, 28/1 Chornovola Str., 01135 Kiev, Ukraine;
| | - Larysa O. Metelytsia
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 50 Kharkivske Schose, 01135 Kiev, Ukraine; (L.O.M.); (I.V.S.); (O.P.T.)
| | - Ianina Pokholenko
- Biofilm Study Group, Department of Cell Regulatory Mechanisms, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnoho Str., 03680 Kiev, Ukraine; (O.S.I.); (I.P.); (S.Y.R.)
| | - Viktoria V. Potochilova
- Kyiv Regional Clinical Hospital, 1 Baggovutivska Street, 04107 Kiev, Ukraine; (V.V.P.); (K.L.R.)
| | - Geert Potters
- Antwerp Maritime Academy, Noordkasteel Oost 6, 2030 Antwerp, Belgium;
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kateryna L. Rudnieva
- Kyiv Regional Clinical Hospital, 1 Baggovutivska Street, 04107 Kiev, Ukraine; (V.V.P.); (K.L.R.)
| | - Svitlana Y. Rymar
- Biofilm Study Group, Department of Cell Regulatory Mechanisms, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 150 Zabolotnoho Str., 03680 Kiev, Ukraine; (O.S.I.); (I.P.); (S.Y.R.)
| | - Ivan V. Semenyuta
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 50 Kharkivske Schose, 01135 Kiev, Ukraine; (L.O.M.); (I.V.S.); (O.P.T.)
| | - Andrew J. Spiers
- School of Applied Sciences, Abertay University, Bell Street, Dundee DD1 1HG, UK;
| | - Oksana P. Tarasyuk
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 50 Kharkivske Schose, 01135 Kiev, Ukraine; (L.O.M.); (I.V.S.); (O.P.T.)
| | - Sergiy P. Rogalsky
- V. P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 50 Kharkivske Schose, 01135 Kiev, Ukraine; (L.O.M.); (I.V.S.); (O.P.T.)
- Correspondence: (O.V.M.); (S.P.R.)
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Marzullo P, Vasto S, Buscemi S, Pace A, Nuzzo D, Palumbo Piccionello A. Ammonium Formate-Pd/C as a New Reducing System for 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles. Synthesis of Guanidine Derivatives and Reductive Rearrangement to Quinazolin-4-Ones with Potential Anti-Diabetic Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12301. [PMID: 34830187 PMCID: PMC8621334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
1,2,4-Oxadiazole is a heterocycle with wide reactivity and many useful applications. The reactive O-N bond is usually reduced using molecular hydrogen to obtain amidine derivatives. NH4CO2H-Pd/C is here demonstrated as a new system for the O-N reduction, allowing us to obtain differently substituted acylamidine, acylguanidine and diacylguanidine derivatives. The proposed system is also effective for the achievement of a reductive rearrangement of 5-(2'-aminophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazoles into 1-alkylquinazolin-4(1H)-ones. The alkaloid glycosine was also obtained with this method. The obtained compounds were preliminarily tested for their biological activity in terms of their cytotoxicity, induced oxidative stress, α-glucosidase and DPP4 inhibition, showing potential application as anti-diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Marzullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche-STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (P.M.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (D.N.)
| | - Sonya Vasto
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche-STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (P.M.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (D.N.)
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvestre Buscemi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche-STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (P.M.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (D.N.)
| | - Andrea Pace
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche-STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (P.M.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (D.N.)
| | - Domenico Nuzzo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche-STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (P.M.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (D.N.)
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Biofisica (CNR-IBF), 90146 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Palumbo Piccionello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche-STEBICEF, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy; (P.M.); (S.B.); (A.P.); (D.N.)
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Shatalov DO, Kedik SA, Ivanov IS, Aydakova AV, Akhmedova DA, Minenkov DS, Beliakov SV, Herbst A, Greiner L, Kozlovskaya LI, Volok VP. Development of a Promising Method for Producing Oligomeric Mixture of Branched Alkylene Guanidines to Improve Substance Quality and Evaluate Their Antiviral Activity against SARS-CoV-2. Molecules 2021; 26:3472. [PMID: 34200418 PMCID: PMC8201297 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reports the synthesis of branched alkylene guanidines using microfluidic technologies. We describe the preparation of guanidine derivatives at lower temperatures, and with significantly less time than that required in the previously applicable method. Furthermore, the use of microfluidics allows the attainment of high-purity products with a low residual monomer content, which can expand the range of applications of this class of compounds. For all the samples obtained, the molecular-weight characteristics are calculated, based on which the optimal condensation conditions are established. Additionally, in this work, the antiviral activity of the alkylene guanidine salt against the SARS-CoV-2 virus is confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis O. Shatalov
- Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies Named after Lomonosov, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (D.O.S.); (S.A.K.); (I.S.I.); (A.V.A.); (S.V.B.)
| | - Stanislav A. Kedik
- Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies Named after Lomonosov, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (D.O.S.); (S.A.K.); (I.S.I.); (A.V.A.); (S.V.B.)
| | - Ivan S. Ivanov
- Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies Named after Lomonosov, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (D.O.S.); (S.A.K.); (I.S.I.); (A.V.A.); (S.V.B.)
| | - Anna V. Aydakova
- Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies Named after Lomonosov, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (D.O.S.); (S.A.K.); (I.S.I.); (A.V.A.); (S.V.B.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, 119571 Moscow, Russia
| | - Diana A. Akhmedova
- Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies Named after Lomonosov, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (D.O.S.); (S.A.K.); (I.S.I.); (A.V.A.); (S.V.B.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, 119571 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Sergei V. Beliakov
- Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies Named after Lomonosov, MIREA—Russian Technological University, 119571 Moscow, Russia; (D.O.S.); (S.A.K.); (I.S.I.); (A.V.A.); (S.V.B.)
| | | | - Lasse Greiner
- Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, 68163 Mannheim, Germany;
| | - Liubov I. Kozlovskaya
- FSBSI “Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS”, 108819 Moscow, Russia; (L.I.K.); (V.P.V.)
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktor P. Volok
- FSBSI “Chumakov FSC R&D IBP RAS”, 108819 Moscow, Russia; (L.I.K.); (V.P.V.)
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Zhang X, Zhu B, Sun W, Wang M, Albarazanji K, Ghosh B, Cummings M, Lenhard J, Leonard J, Macielag M, Lanter J. Discovery of a novel series of guanidinebenzoates as gut-restricted enteropeptidase and trypsin dual inhibitors for the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 40:127939. [PMID: 33713780 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel series of guanidinebenzoate enteropeptidase and trypsin dual inhibitors has been discovered and SAR studies were conducted. Optimization was focused on improving properties for gut restriction, including increased aqueous solubility, lower cellular permeability, and reduced oral bioavailability. Lead compounds were identified with efficacy in a mouse fecal protein excretion study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuqing Zhang
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States.
| | - Bin Zhu
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - Weimei Sun
- DPDS Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - Mina Wang
- DPDS Molecular & Cellular Pharmacology, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - Kamal Albarazanji
- CVM Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - Brahma Ghosh
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - Maxwell Cummings
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - James Lenhard
- CVM Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - James Leonard
- CVM Discovery, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - Mark Macielag
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States
| | - James Lanter
- Discovery Chemistry, Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA, United States
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5
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Lee YW, Luther DC, Goswami R, Jeon T, Clark V, Elia J, Gopalakrishnan S, Rotello VM. Direct Cytosolic Delivery of Proteins through Coengineering of Proteins and Polymeric Delivery Vehicles. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4349-4355. [PMID: 32049533 PMCID: PMC7392052 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nanocarrier-mediated protein delivery is a promising strategy for fundamental research and therapeutic applications. However, the efficacy of the current platforms for delivery into cells is limited by endosomal entrapment of delivered protein cargo with concomitantly inefficient access to the cytosol and other organelles, including the nucleus. We report here a robust, versatile polymeric-protein nanocomposite (PPNC) platform capable of efficient (≥90%) delivery of proteins to the cytosol. We synthesized a library of guanidinium-functionalized poly(oxanorborneneimide) (PONI) homopolymers with varying molecular weights to stabilize and deliver engineered proteins featuring terminal oligoglutamate "E-tags". The polymers were screened for cytosolic delivery efficiency using imaging flow cytometry with cytosolic delivery validated using confocal microscopy and activity of the delivered proteins demonstrated through functional assays. These studies indicate that the PPNC platform provides highly effective and tunable cytosolic delivery over a wide range of formulations, making them robust agents for therapeutic protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wei Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - David C. Luther
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Ritabrita Goswami
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Taewon Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Vincent Clark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - James Elia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Sanjana Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
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Abstract
The first total synthesis of clavatadine B (2), a natural product found to be a selective human blood coagulation factor XIa inhibitor, is described. A convergent approach that exemplifies the advantages of direct, early stage guanidinylation provided an immediate clavatadine B precursor, which was assembled in an efficient manner using known synthetic precursors of the structurally related natural product clavatadine A (1). Global deprotection cleanly provided clavatadine B in only four steps from a known derivative of homogentisic acid lactone (longest linear sequence, 75% overall yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Davenport
- Department of Chemistry , Utah Valley University , 800 West University Parkway , Orem , Utah 84058 , United States
| | - Jordan A Dickson
- Department of Chemistry , Utah Valley University , 800 West University Parkway , Orem , Utah 84058 , United States
| | - Matthew R Johnson
- Department of Chemistry , Utah Valley University , 800 West University Parkway , Orem , Utah 84058 , United States
| | - Stephen Chamberland
- Department of Chemistry , Utah Valley University , 800 West University Parkway , Orem , Utah 84058 , United States
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7
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Gao YH, Lovreković V, Kussayeva A, Chen DY, Margetić D, Chen ZL. The photodynamic activities of dimethyl 13 1-[2-(guanidinyl)ethylamino] chlorin e 6 photosensitizers in A549 tumor. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 177:144-152. [PMID: 31132530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Effective photosensitizers are particularly important factor in clinical photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, there is a scarcity of photosensitizers for simultaneous cancer photo-diagnosis and targeted PDT. Herein, two novel dimethyl 2-(guanidinyl)ethylamino chlorin e6 photosensitizers were synthesized and their efficacy in PDT in A549 tumor was investigated. It was shown that compounds 3 and 4 have a long absorption wavelength in the near infrared region and strong fluorescence emission with slow photo-bleaching rate and markedly strong ability of 1O2 generation. They exhibited lower cytotoxicity and higher photo-cytotoxicity in vitro compared to the known anticancer drug m-THPC in MTT assay in A549 lung cancer cell lines. Compound 4 exhibit better inhibition effect than compound 3 and the IC50 value of compound 4 was 0.197 μM/L under 2 J/cm2 laser irradiation, while compound 3 showed better anti-tumor effects compared to compound 4 in vivo. Intracellular ROS generation was found to be responsible for apoptotic cell death in DCFDA assay. Subcellular localization confirmed the damage site of compounds 3 and 4 in PDT. These findings suggest that the two novel photosensitizers might serve as potential photosensitizers for improved therapeutic efficiency of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hua Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, College of Chemistry and Biology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Vanda Lovreković
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000, Croatia
| | - Akmaral Kussayeva
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000, Croatia
| | - Dan-Ye Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, College of Chemistry and Biology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Davor Margetić
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička c. 54, 10000, Croatia.
| | - Zhi-Long Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science & Technology, College of Chemistry and Biology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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8
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Protasov A, Bardeau JF, Morozovskaya I, Boretska M, Cherniavska T, Petrus L, Tarasyuk O, Metelytsia L, Kopernyk I, Kalashnikova L, Dzhuzha O, Rogalsky S. New promising antifouling agent based on polymeric biocide polyhexamethylene guanidine molybdate. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017; 36:2543-2551. [PMID: 28262978 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new polymeric biocide polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) molybdate has been synthesized. The obtained cationic polymer has limited water solubility of 0.015 g/100 mL and is insoluble in paint solvents. The results of acute toxicity studies indicate moderate toxicity of PHMG molybdate, which has a median lethal dose at 48 h of 0.7 mg/L for Daphnia magna and at 96 h of 17 mg/L for Danio rerio (zebrafish) freshwater model organisms. Commercial ship paint was then modified by the addition of a low concentration of polymeric biocide 5% (w/w). The painted steel panels were kept in Dnipro River water for the evaluation of the dynamics of fouling biomass. After 129-d exposure, Bryozoa dominated in biofouling of tested substrates, forming 86% (649 g/m2 ) of the total biomass on control panel surfaces. However, considerably lower Bryozoa fouling biomass (15 g/m2 ) was detected for coatings containing PHMG molybdate. Dreissenidae mollusks were found to form 88% (2182 g/m2 ) of the fouling biomass on the control substrates after 228 d of exposure, whereas coatings containing PHMG molybdate showed a much lower biomass value of 23.6 g/m2 . The leaching rate of PHMG molybdate in water was found to be similar to rates for conventional booster biocides ranging from 5.7 μg/cm2 /d at the initial stage to 2.2 μg/cm2 /d at steady state. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2543-2551. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Protasov
- Institute of Hydrobiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | - Irina Morozovskaya
- Institute of Hydrobiology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Mariia Boretska
- D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana Cherniavska
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Lyudmyla Petrus
- Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Tarasyuk
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Larisa Metelytsia
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Kopernyk
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Larisa Kalashnikova
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oleg Dzhuzha
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Sergiy Rogalsky
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
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9
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Ahmad J, Rehman W, Said M, Iqbal Z, Naz Gul S, Ahmad S, Khan N, Bibi I, Qureshi MT. ANTIOXIDANTS AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES OF SUBSTITUTED GUANIDINES AND THEIR COPPER COMPLEXES. Acta Pol Pharm 2017; 74:425-434. [PMID: 29624248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of guanidines and their copper (II) complexes were investigated for their radical scavenging activity including peroxyl radicals (ROO), superoxide anion (O₂), hydroxyl ('OH), and reactive hydrogen per- oxide (H₂0₂) species. Among the Cu(II) complexes, Cu-MR-9-2 shows the highest, Cu-MR-9-3, Cu-MR-9-6 less and Cu-MR-9-1 least antioxidant potential. The Cu(II) complexes show better Fea'-chelating activity than that of ligands. Among the Cu(II) complexes Cu-MR-9-2 was found to have the highest, Cu-MR-9-6 moderate, MR-9-3 less and Cu-MR-9-1 least ferric reducing capacity. The IC50 values for ligands (MR-9-1, MR-9-2, MR- 9-3, MR-9-6) were determined to be 197.53 ± 7.13, 189.07 ± 7.34, 207.98 ± 6.78 and 233.38 ±6.37 pM, which showed lower antioxidant activity than their Cu(II) complexes. The IC,o values for ascorbic acid were found to be 51.60 ± 13.18 pM. The Cu(I) metal compounds (Cu-MR-9-1,Cu-MR-9-2, Cu-MR-9-3 and Cu-MR-9-6) were detected to be the most powerful scavengers of the hydroxyl radical with IC50 up to 108.03 ± 11.34 pM, 101.41 ±12.10 pM, 90.59 ± 11.53 pM and 88.86 ± 13.16 pM, respectively.
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Abstract
A method for a directed stereoselective guanidinylation of alkenes is described. The guanidine unit can be delivered as an intact fragment by a hydroxy or carboxy group, usually with a high level of stereocontrol. After the guanidine delivery, the directing group can be cleaved under exceptionally mild conditions, typically by alcoholysis in the presence of acetic acid. Broad functional group tolerance and mild reaction conditions for the cycloguanidilation suggest applications in medicinal chemistry and natural products synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur K. Mailyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemsitry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93110, United States
| | - Kyle Young
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemsitry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93110, United States
| | - Joanna L. Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemsitry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93110, United States
| | - Bradley T. Reid
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemsitry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93110, United States
| | - Armen Zakarian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemsitry, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93110, United States
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11
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Martins LF, Mesquita JT, Pinto EG, Costa-Silva TA, Borborema SET, Galisteo Junior AJ, Neves BJ, Andrade CH, Shuhaib ZA, Bennett EL, Black GP, Harper PM, Evans DM, Fituri HS, Leyland JP, Martin C, Roberts TD, Thornhill AJ, Vale SA, Howard-Jones A, Thomas DA, Williams HL, Overman LE, Berlinck RGS, Murphy PJ, Tempone AG. Analogues of Marine Guanidine Alkaloids Are in Vitro Effective against Trypanosoma cruzi and Selectively Eliminate Leishmania (L.) infantum Intracellular Amastigotes. J Nat Prod 2016; 79:2202-2210. [PMID: 27586460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic analogues of marine sponge guanidine alkaloids showed in vitro antiparasitic activity against Leishmania (L.) infantum and Trypanosoma cruzi. Guanidines 10 and 11 presented the highest selectivity index when tested against Leishmania. The antiparasitic activity of 10 and 11 was investigated in host cells and in parasites. Both compounds induced depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, upregulation of reactive oxygen species levels, and increased plasma membrane permeability in Leishmania parasites. Immunomodulatory assays suggested an NO-independent effect of guanidines 10 and 11 on macrophages. The same compounds also promoted anti-inflammatory activity in L. (L.) infantum-infected macrophages cocultived with splenocytes, reducing the production of cytokines MCP-1 and IFN-γ. Guanidines 10 and 11 affect the bioenergetic metabolism of Leishmania, with selective elimination of parasites via a host-independent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia F Martins
- Centre for Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz , Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, 8° andar, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana T Mesquita
- Centre for Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz , Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, 8° andar, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Erika G Pinto
- Centre for Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz , Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, 8° andar, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de São Paulo , Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thais A Costa-Silva
- Centre for Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz , Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, 8° andar, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Samanta E T Borborema
- Centre for Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz , Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, 8° andar, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andres J Galisteo Junior
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidade de São Paulo , Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 470, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno J Neves
- LabMol, Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Carolina H Andrade
- LabMol, Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás , Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Zainab Al Shuhaib
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Elliot L Bennett
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Gregory P Black
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Philip M Harper
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Daniel M Evans
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Hisham S Fituri
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - John P Leyland
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Claire Martin
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Terence D Roberts
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Andrew J Thornhill
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Stephen A Vale
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Andrew Howard-Jones
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Dafydd A Thomas
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Harri L Williams
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Larry E Overman
- University of California, Irvine , 4042A Frederick Reines Hall, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Roberto G S Berlinck
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo , CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrick J Murphy
- School of Chemistry, Bangor University , Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales, U.K. LL57 2UW
| | - Andre G Tempone
- Centre for Parasitology and Mycology, Instituto Adolfo Lutz , Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 351, 8° andar, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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12
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Silva FPL, Dantas BB, Faheina Martins GV, de Araújo DAM, Vasconcellos MLADA. Synthesis and Anticancer Activities of Novel Guanylhydrazone and Aminoguanidine Tetrahydropyran Derivatives. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21060671. [PMID: 27338323 PMCID: PMC6274535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper we present the convenient syntheses of six new guanylhydrazone and aminoguanidine tetrahydropyran derivatives 2-7. The guanylhydrazone 2, 3 and 4 were prepared in 100% yield, starting from corresponding aromatic ketones 8a-c and aminoguanidine hydrochloride accessed by microwave irradiation. The aminoguanidine 5, 6 and 7 were prepared by reduction of guanylhydrazone 2-4 with sodium cyanoborohydride (94% yield of 5, and 100% yield of 6 and 7). The aromatic ketones 8a-c were prepared from the Barbier reaction followed by the Prins cyclization reaction (two steps, 63%-65% and 95%-98%). Cytotoxicity studies have demonstrated the effects of compounds 2-7 in various cancer and normal cell lines. That way, we showed that these compounds decreased cell viabilities in a micromolar range, and from all the compounds tested we can state that, at least, compound 3 can be considered a promising molecule for target-directed drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Pedrosa Lins Silva
- Departamento de Química, Campus I, Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal da Paraíba (LASOM-PB), Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, CEP:58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Braga Dantas
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Campus I, Laboratório de Biotecnologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, CEP:58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Gláucia Veríssimo Faheina Martins
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Campus I, Laboratório de Biotecnologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, CEP:58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Demétrius Antônio Machado de Araújo
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Campus I, Laboratório de Biotecnologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, CEP:58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil.
| | - Mário Luiz Araújo de Almeida Vasconcellos
- Departamento de Química, Campus I, Laboratório de Síntese Orgânica Medicinal da Paraíba (LASOM-PB), Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, CEP:58051-900, Paraíba, Brazil.
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13
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Abstract
The silver-catalyzed hydroamination of tosyl-protected N-allylguanidines is described. These reactions provide substituted cyclic guanidines in high yields. The reactions are amenable to the construction of quaternary stereocenters as well as both monocyclic and bicyclic guanidine products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J. Garlets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
| | - Mattia Silvi
- ICIQ–Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - John P. Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, United States
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14
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Abstract
A short and scalable synthesis of naamidine A, a marine alkaloid with a selective ability to inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-dependent cellular proliferation, has been achieved. A key achievement in this synthesis was the development of a regioselective hydroamination of a monoprotected propargylguanidine to deliver N(3)-protected cyclic ene-guanidines. This permits the extension of this methodology to prepare N(2)-acyl analogues in a fashion that obviates the troublesome acylation of the free 2-aminoimidazoles, which typically yields mixtures of N(2)- and N(2),N(2)-diacylated products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B. Gibbons
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400
East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Justin M. Salvant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400
East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Rachel M. Vaden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400
East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Ki-Hyeok Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400
East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Bryan E. Welm
- Immunobiology and Cancer Program, Oklahoma Medical Research
Foundation, 825 Northeast 13th Street, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, United
States
| | - Ryan E. Looper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400
East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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15
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Ogurtsova EK, Makarieva TN, Korolkova YV, Andreev YA, Mosharova IV, Denisenko VA, Dmitrenok PS, Lee YJ, Grishin EV, Stonik VA. New Derivatives of Natural Acyclic Guanidine Alkaloids with TRPV Receptor-Regulating Properties. Nat Prod Commun 2015; 10:1171-1173. [PMID: 26411002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The guanidine alkaloids, dihydropulchranin A (2), prepared from pulchranin A from the sponge Monanchora pulchra, and hexadecylguanidine (3), a synthetic analog of pulchranins, were studied for their TRPV channel-regulating activities. Compound 2 was active as an inhibitor of rTRPV1 and hTRPV3 receptors with EC50 values of 24.3 and 59.1 μM, respectively. Hexadecylguanidine (3) was not active against these receptors.
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16
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Vaidyanathan G, McDougald D, Koumarianou E, Choi J, Hens M, Zalutsky MR. Synthesis and evaluation of 4-[18F]fluoropropoxy-3-iodobenzylguanidine ([18F]FPOIBG): A novel 18F-labeled analogue of MIBG. Nucl Med Biol 2015; 42:673-84. [PMID: 25956997 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radioiodinated meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG), a norepinephrine transporter (NET) substrate, has been extensively used as an imaging agent to study the pathophysiology of the heart and for the diagnosis and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors. The goal of this study was to develop an (18)F-labeled analogue of MIBG that like MIBG itself could be synthesized in a single radiochemical step. Towards this end, we designed 4-fluoropropoxy-3-iodobenzylguanidine (FPOIBG). METHODS Standards of FPOIBG and 4-fluoropropoxy-3-bromobenzylguanidine (FPOBBG) as well as their tosylate precursors for labeling with (18)F, and a tin precursor for the preparation of radioiodinated FPOIBG were synthesized. Radiolabeled derivatives were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution and electrophilic iododestannylation from the corresponding precursors. Labeled compounds were evaluated for NET transporter recognition in in vitro assays using three NET-expressing cell lines and in biodistribution experiments in normal mice, with all studies performed in a paired-label format. Competitive inhibition of [(125)I]MIBG uptake by unlabeled benzylguanidine compounds was performed in UVW-NAT cell line to determine IC50 values. RESULTS [(18)F]FPOIBG was synthesized from the corresponding tosylate precursor in 5.2 ± 0.5% (n = 6) overall radiochemical yields starting with aqueous fluoride in about 105 min. In a paired-label in vitro assay, the uptake of [(18)F]FPOIBG at 2h was 10.2 ± 1.5%, 39.6 ± 13.4%, and 13.3 ± 2.5%, in NET-expressing SK-N-SH, UVW-NAT, and SK-N-BE(2c) cells, respectively, while these values for [(125)I]MIBG were 57.3 ± 8.1%, 82.7 ± 8.9%, and 66.3 ± 3.6%. The specificity of uptake of both tracers was demonstrated by blocking with desipramine. The (125)I-labeled congener of FPOIBG gave similar results. On the other hand, [(18)F]FPOBBG, a compound recently reported in the literature, demonstrated much higher uptake, albeit less than that of co-incubated [(125)I]MIBG. IC50 values for FPOIBG were higher than those obtained for MIBG and FPOBBG. Unlike the case with [(18)F]FPOBBG, the heart uptake [(18)F]FPOIBG in normal mice was significantly lower than that of MIBG. CONCLUSION Although [(18)F]FPOIBG does not appear to warrant further consideration as an (18)F-labeled MIBG analogue, analogues wherein the iodine in it is replaced with a chlorine, fluorine or hydrogen might be worth pursuing. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE An (18)F-labeled analogue of the well-known radiopharmaceutical MIBG could have significant impact, potentially improving imaging of NET related disease in cardiology and in the imaging of neuroendocrine tumors. Although (18)F-labeled analogues of MIBG have been reported including LMI1195, we undertook this work hypothesizing that based on its greater structural similarity to MIBG, FPOIBG might be a better analogue than LMI1195.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Vaidyanathan
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.
| | - Darryl McDougald
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Eftychia Koumarianou
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Jaeyeon Choi
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Marc Hens
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
| | - Michael R Zalutsky
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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17
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Rauf MK, Gul R, Rashid Z, Badshah A, Tahir MN, Shahid M, Khan A. Synthesis, characterization, DNA binding and in vitro antimicrobial studies of a novel tetra-substituted N-isopropyl-N-(4-ferrocenylphenyl)-N'-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N″-benzoylguanidine: crystallographic structure and quantum chemical computations. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 136 Pt B:1099-1106. [PMID: 25459507 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.09.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel tetra-substituted guanidine, N-isopropyl-N-(4-ferrocenylphenyl)-N'-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N″-benzoylguanidine (1), [(CH3)2CH)(C5H5FeC5H4C6H4)NC(NHCOC6H5)(NHC6H3(CH2CH3)2] has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, multinuclear ((1)H, (13)C) NMR spectroscopy, single crystal X-rays diffraction analysis and density functional theory based quantum chemical calculations. The torsion angles indicating that the guanidine moiety and carbonyl group are almost co-planar, due to the pseudo hexagonal ring formed by intramolecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The DNA interaction studies performed by cyclic voltammetry and UV-visible spectroscopy are in close agreement with the binding constants (K) 1.4×10(4) and 1.2×10(4) respectively. The shift in peak potential, current and absorption maxima of the studied ferrocenyl guanidine in the presence of DNA discovered that CV coupled with UV-vis spectroscopy could provide an opportunity to elaborate DNA interaction mechanism, a prerequisite for the design of new drug like agents and understanding the molecular basis of their action. The synthesized compound (1) has also been screened for their antibacterial and antifungal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rukhsana Gul
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; Department of Chemistry, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Rashid
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Amin Badshah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
| | | | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Azim Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
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18
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Abstract
The first total synthesis of the potent and selective human blood coagulation factor XIa inhibitor clavatadine A (1) is described. Direct, early-stage guanidinylation enabled rapid, convergent access to an immediate clavatadine A precursor. Concomitant lactone hydrolysis and guanidine deprotection with aqueous acid cleanly provided clavatadine A (1) in only four steps (longest linear sequence, 41-43% overall yield).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie J Conn
- Department of Chemistry, Central Washington University , 400 East University Way, Ellensburg, Washington 98926-7539, United States
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19
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Mahato M, Yadav S, Kumar P, Sharma AK. Synthesis and evaluation of tetramethylguanidinium-polyethylenimine polymers as efficient gene delivery vectors. Biomed Res Int 2014; 2014:459736. [PMID: 24864245 PMCID: PMC4017721 DOI: 10.1155/2014/459736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated that 6-(N,N,N',N'-tetramethylguanidinium chloride)-hexanoyl-polyethylenimine (THP) polymers exhibited significantly enhanced transfection efficiency and cell viability. Here, in the present study, we have synthesized a series of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylguanidinium-polyethylenimine (TP1-TP5) polymers via a single-step reaction involving peripheral primary amines of bPEI and varying amounts of 2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HBTU). These polymers were found to interact efficiently with negatively charged pDNA and formed stable complexes in the size range of ~240-450 nm. Acid-base titration profiles revealed improved buffering capacity of TP polymers as compared to bPEI. Transfection and cytotoxicity assays performed with TP/pDNA complexes on HEK293, CHO, and HeLa cells showed significantly higher transfection efficiency and cell viability with one of the complexes, TP2/pDNA complex, exhibited the highest transfection efficiency (~1.4-2.3-fold) outcompeting native bPEI and the commercially available transfection reagent, Lipofectamine 2000. Compared to previously reported THP polymers, the transfection efficiency of TP/pDNA complexes was found to be lower, as examined by flow cytometry. These results highlight the importance of the hydrophobic C-6 linker in THP polymers in forming compact nanostructures with pDNA, which might lead to efficient uptake and internalization of the complexes; however, the projected TP polymers offer an advantage of their rapid and economical one-step synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manohar Mahato
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Santosh Yadav
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, Delhi 110 007, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Sharma
- Nucleic Acids Research Laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, Delhi 110 007, India
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20
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Ghorab MM, El-Gazzar MG, Alsaid MS. Synthesis and anti-breast cancer evaluation of novel N-(guanidinyl)benzenesulfonamides. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:5582-95. [PMID: 24694543 PMCID: PMC4013583 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15045582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of 4-(substituted)-N-(guanidinyl)benzenesulfonamides bearing biologically active pyrazole, pyrimidine and pyridine moieties were prepared and evaluated for their anticancer activity against human tumor breast cell line (MCF7). These sulfonamides showed promising activity with IC50 values ranging from 49.5 to 70.2 μM. The structure-activity relationship of the synthesized compounds was studied. Interestingly, it was found that the most potent compounds in this study were the corresponding 2-cyanoacrylate 3, 3-oxobutanoate 4, pyrazole 6, pyridine 9 and pyrazole 13. Compounds 7 and 8 are nearly as active as Doxorubicin as reference drug with (IC50 values=70.2, 68.1 μM), while compounds 5, 10 and 11 exhibited a moderate activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa M Ghorab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Marwa G El-Gazzar
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Nasr City, Cairo 11371, Egypt.
| | - Mansour S Alsaid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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21
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Sadek B, Alisch R, Buschauer A, Elz S. Synthesis and dual histamine H₁ and H₂ receptor antagonist activity of cyanoguanidine derivatives. Molecules 2013; 18:14186-202. [PMID: 24248146 PMCID: PMC6269795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules181114186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Premedication with a combination of histamine H₁ receptor (H₁R) and H₂ receptor (H₂R) antagonists has been suggested as a prophylactic principle, for instance, in anaesthesia and surgery. Aiming at pharmacological hybrids combining H₁R and H₂R antagonistic activity, a series of cyanoguanidines 14-35 was synthesized by linking mepyramine-type H₁R antagonist substructures with roxatidine-, tiotidine-, or ranitidine-type H₂R antagonist moieties. N-desmethylmepyramine was connected via a poly-methylene spacer to a cyanoguanidine group as the "urea equivalent" of the H₂R antagonist moiety. The title compounds were screened for histamine antagonistic activity at the isolated ileum (H₁R) and the isolated spontaneously beating right atrium (H₂R) of the guinea pig. The results indicate that, depending on the nature of the H₂R antagonist partial structure, the highest H₁R antagonist potency resided in roxatidine-type compounds with spacers of six methylene groups in length (compound 21), and tiotidine-type compounds irrespective of the alkyl chain length (compounds 28, 32, 33), N-cyano-N'-[2-[[(2-guanidino-4-thiazolyl)methyl]thio]ethyl]-N″-[2-[N-[2-[N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-N-(pyridyl)-amino] ethyl]-N-methylamino]ethyl] guanidine (25, pKB values: 8.05 (H₁R, ileum) and 7.73 (H₂R, atrium) and the homologue with the mepyramine moiety connected by a six-membered chain to the tiotidine-like partial structure (compound 32, pKB values: 8.61 (H₁R) and 6.61 (H₂R) were among the most potent hybrid compounds. With respect to the development of a potential pharmacotherapeutic agent, structural optimization seems possible through selection of other H₁R and H₂R pharmacophoric moieties with mutually affinity-enhancing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, P.O. Box 17666, UAE.
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Ozdemir N, Inkaya E, Sarıpınar E, Akyüz L, Ilhan IÖ, Aydın S, Dinçer M, Büyükgüngör O. Synthesis, spectroscopic (FT-IR/NMR) characterization, X-ray structure and DFT studies on (E)-2-(1-phenylethylidene) hydrazinecarboximidamide nitrate hemimethanol. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2013; 114:175-182. [PMID: 23770506 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The title molecular salt, (E)-2-(1-phenylethylidene) hydrazinecarboximidamide nitrate hemimethanol C9H13N4(+)·NO3(-)·0.5CH4O, was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and NMT spectroscopies, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique. Quantum chemical calculations were performed to study the molecular and spectroscopic properties of the title compound, and the results were compared with the experimental findings. The calculated results show that the optimized geometry can well reproduce the crystal structure parameters, and the theoretical vibrational frequencies and GIAO (1)H and (13)CNMR chemical shifts show good agreement with experimental values. The dipole moment, linear polarizability and first hyperpolarizability values were also computed. The linear polarizabilities and first hyper polarizabilities of the studied molecule indicate that the compound is a good candidate of nonlinear optical materials. On the basis of the thermodynamic properties of the title compound at different temperatures have been calculated, revealing the correlations between standard heat capacities (C) standard entropies (S), and standard enthalpy changes (H) and temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namık Ozdemir
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey.
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Zou Y, Li L, Chen W, Chen T, Ma L, Wang X, Xiong B, Xu Y, Shen J. Virtual screening and structure-based discovery of indole acylguanidines as potent β-secretase (BACE1) inhibitors. Molecules 2013; 18:5706-22. [PMID: 23681056 PMCID: PMC6270065 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18055706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteolytic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein by β-secretase (BACE1) is a key step in generating the N-terminal of β-amyloid (Aβ), which further forms into amyloid plaques that are considered as the hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease. Inhibitors of BACE1 can reduce the levels of Aβ and thus have a therapeutic potential for treating the disease. We report here the identification of a series of small molecules bearing an indole acylguanidine core structure as potent BACE1 inhibitors. The initial weak fragment was discovered by virtual screening, and followed with a hit-to-lead optimization. With the aid of co-crystal structures of two discovered inhibitors (compounds 19 and 25) with BACE1, we explored the SAR around the indole and aryl groups, and obtained several BACE1 inhibitors about 1,000-fold more potent than the initial fragment hit. Accompanying the lead optimization, a previously under-explored sub-site opposite the flap loop was redefined as a potential binding site for later BACE1 inhibitor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiquan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China; E-Mails: (Y.Z.); (L.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Li Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (W.C.); (T.C.)
| | - Wuyan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (W.C.); (T.C.)
| | - Tiantian Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (W.C.); (T.C.)
| | - Lanping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China; E-Mails: (Y.Z.); (L.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China; E-Mails: (Y.Z.); (L.M.); (X.W.)
| | - Bing Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China; E-Mails: (Y.Z.); (L.M.); (X.W.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: (B.X.); (Y.X.); (J.S.); Tel.: +86-21-5080-6600 (ext. 5412) (B.X.); Fax: +86-21-5080-7088 (B.X.)
| | - Yechun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China; E-Mails: (L.L.); (W.C.); (T.C.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: (B.X.); (Y.X.); (J.S.); Tel.: +86-21-5080-6600 (ext. 5412) (B.X.); Fax: +86-21-5080-7088 (B.X.)
| | - Jingkang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, China; E-Mails: (Y.Z.); (L.M.); (X.W.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: (B.X.); (Y.X.); (J.S.); Tel.: +86-21-5080-6600 (ext. 5412) (B.X.); Fax: +86-21-5080-7088 (B.X.)
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Li JT, Du C, Xu XY, Chen GF. Synthesis of 2-(1,5-diaryl-1,4-pentadien-3-ylidene)-hydrazinecarboximidamide hydrochloride catalyzed by p-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid in aqueous media under ultrasound irradiation. Ultrason Sonochem 2012; 19:1033-1038. [PMID: 22440718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Amidinohydrazone compounds are very important synthetic intermediates and can serve as versatile precursors in synthesis of many natural products and drug molecules. The use of ultrasound, p-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) and water as solvent improved the synthesis of different 2-(1,5-diaryl-1,4-pentadien-3-ylidene)-hydrazinecarboximidamide hydrochlorides. The best reaction conditions for the condensation of 1,5-diphenyl-1,4-pentadien-3-one with aminoguanidine hydrochloride were as follows: 1,5-diphenyl-1,4-pentadiene-3-one (1, 1 mmol), aminoguanidine hydrochloride (1.1 mmol), DBSA (0.5 mmol), water 10 mL, reaction temperature 25-27°C, irradiation frequency 25 kHz. 2a was achieved in 94% yield within 2h. The other seven amidinohydrazones were obtained in 84-94% yield within 2-3h under the same conditions. Compared to the method involving catalysis by hydrochloric acid in refluxing EtOH, the advantages of present procedure are milder conditions, shorter reaction times, higher yields, and environmental friendly conditions, which make it a useful strategy for the synthesis of analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Tai Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, PR China.
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25
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Cruz A, Padilla-Martínez II, García-Báez EV. A synthetic method to access symmetric and non-symmetric 2-(N,N'-disubstituted)guanidinebenzothiazoles. Molecules 2012; 17:10178-91. [PMID: 22922286 PMCID: PMC6268101 DOI: 10.3390/molecules170910178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Symmetric and non-symmetric 2-(N-H, N-methyl, N-ethylenyl and N-aryl)guanidinebenzothiazoles were synthesized from the reaction of ammonia, methylamine, pyrrolidine and aniline with dimethyl benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl-carbonodithioimidate as intermediate. The products were characterized by ¹H-, ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy and three of them by X-ray diffraction analysis. HN-phenyl protons formed intramolecular hydrogen bonds that assist the stereochemistry of the second substituent, whereas the HN-alkyl protons were involved in intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Cruz
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología del IPN, Av. Acueducto s/n, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, México, D.F. 07340, Mexico.
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26
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Khalaf AI, Bourdin C, Breen D, Donoghue G, Scott FJ, Suckling CJ, Macmillan D, Clements C, Fox K, Sekibo DAT. Design, synthesis and antibacterial activity of minor groove binders: the role of non-cationic tail groups. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 56:39-47. [PMID: 22948178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of a new class of minor groove binder (MGBs) in which, the cationic tail group has been replaced by a neutral, polar variant including cyanoguanidine, nitroalkene, and trifluoroacetamide groups. Antibacterial activity (against Gram positive bacteria) was found for both the nitroalkene and trifluoroacetamide groups. For the case of the nitroalkene tail group, strong binding of a minor groove binder containing this tail group was demonstrated by both DNA footprinting and melting temperature measurements, showing a correlation between DNA binding and antibacterial activity. The compounds have also been evaluated for binding to the hERG ion channel to determine whether non-cationic but polar substituents might have an advantage compared with conventional cationic tail groups in avoiding hERG binding. In this series of compounds, it was found that whilst non-cationic compounds generally had lower affinity to the hERG ion channel, all of the compounds studied bound weakly to the hERG ion channel, probably associated with the hydrophobic head groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abedawn I Khalaf
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK.
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Barron S, Lewis B, Wellmann K, Carter M, Farook J, Ring J, Rogers DT, Holley R, Crooks P, Littleton J. Polyamine modulation of NMDARs as a mechanism to reduce effects of alcohol dependence. Recent Pat CNS Drug Discov 2012; 7:129-44. [PMID: 22574674 PMCID: PMC6554226 DOI: 10.2174/157488912800673128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Relapse and neurodegeneration are two of the major therapeutic targets in alcoholism. Fortuitously, the roles of glutamate/NMDA receptors (NMDARs) in withdrawal, conditioning and neurotoxicity mean that NMDAR inhibitors are potentially valuable for both targets. Preclinical studies further suggest that inhibitory modulators that specifically reduce the co-agonist effects of polyamines on NMDARs are potential non-toxic medications. Using agmatine as a lead compound, over 1000 novel compounds based loosely on this structure were synthesized using feedback from a molecular screen. A novel series of aryliminoguanidines with appropriate NMDAR activity in the molecular screen were discovered (US patent application filed 2007). The most potent and selective aryliminoguanidine, JR 220 [4- (chlorobenzylidenamino)- guanidine hydrochloride], has now been tested in a screening hierarchy for anti-relapse and neuroprotective activity, ranging from cell-based assay, through tissue culture to animal behavior. This hierarchy has been validated using drugs with known, or potential, clinical value at these targets (acamprosate (N-acetyl homotaurine), memantine and topiramate). JR220 was non-toxic and showed excellent activity in every screen with a potency 5-200x that of the FDA-approved anti-relapse agent, acamprosate. This chapter will present a review of the background and rationale for this approach and some of the findings garnered from this approach as well as patents targeting the glutamatergic system especially the NMDAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Barron
- Psychology Department, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0044, USA.
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28
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Köck M, Schmidt G, Seiple IB, Baran PS. Configurational analysis of tetracyclic dimeric pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids using a floating chirality approach. J Nat Prod 2012; 75:127-130. [PMID: 22332969 PMCID: PMC3315375 DOI: 10.1021/np200514g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The structure elucidation of the palau'amine congener tetrabromostyloguanidine (1), which used interproton distances from ROESY spectra as restraints in a computational approach, the so-called fc-rDG/DDD method, led to a revision of the relative configuration of palau'amine (2) and its congeners in 2007. The recent total synthesis of (±)-palau'amine (2) subsequently confirmed the computed structural revision of the relative configuration. In order to test a broader application range of the fc-rDG/DDD method, the present study investigated two additional dimeric pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids, axinellamine A (3) and 3,7-epi-massadine chloride (4). These calculations allowed the simultaneous assignment of the relative configuration for all eight stereogenic centers of compounds 3 and 4 without using any information from the reported configurations. In contrast to the palau'amine congeners, the fc-rDG/DDD method confirmed the relative configuration originally described for axinellamine A (3) and 3,7-epi-massadine chloride (4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Köck
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Am Handelshafen 12, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
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Seiple IB, Su S, Young IS, Nakamura A, Yamaguchi J, Jørgensen L, Rodriguez RA, O’Malley DP, Gaich T, Köck M, Baran PS. Enantioselective total syntheses of (-)-palau'amine, (-)-axinellamines, and (-)-massadines. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:14710-26. [PMID: 21861522 PMCID: PMC3173569 DOI: 10.1021/ja2047232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dimeric pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids represent a rich and topologically unique class of marine natural products. This full account will follow the progression of efforts that culminated in the enantioselective total syntheses of the most structurally ornate members of this family: the axinellamines, the massadines, and palau'amine. A bio-inspired approach capitalizing on the pseudo-symmetry of the members of this class is recounted, delivering a deschloro derivative of the natural product core. Next, the enantioselective synthesis of the chlorocyclopentane core featuring a scalable, catalytic, enantioselective Diels-Alder reaction of a 1-siloxydiene is outlined in detail. Finally, the successful divergent conversion of this core to each of the aforementioned natural products, and the ensuing methodological developments, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian B. Seiple
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | | | | | - Akifumi Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Lars Jørgensen
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Rodrigo A. Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Daniel P. O’Malley
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Tanja Gaich
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Matthias Köck
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California, 92037
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Zhou Z, Zheng A, Zhong J. Interactions of biocidal guanidine hydrochloride polymer analogs with model membranes: a comparative biophysical study. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2011; 43:729-37. [PMID: 21807631 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmr067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Four synthesized biocidal guanidine hydrochloride polymers with different alkyl chain length, including polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride and its three new analogs, were used to investigate their interactions with phospholipids vesicles mimicking bacterial membrane. Characterization was conducted by using fluorescence dye leakage, isothermal titration calorimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that the gradually lengthened alkyl chain of the polymer increased the biocidal activity, accompanied with the increased dye leakage rate and the increased binding constant and energy change value of polymer-membrane interaction. The polymer-membrane interaction induced the change of pretransition and main phase transition (decreased temperature and increased width) of phospholipids vesicles, suggesting the conformational change in the phospholipids headgroups and disordering in the hydrophobic regions of lipid membranes. The above information revealed that the membrane disruption actions of guanidine hydrochloride polymers are the results of the polymer's strong binding to the phospholipids membrane and the subsequent perturbations of the polar headgroups and hydrophobic core region of the phospholipids membrane. The alkyl chain structure significantly affects the binding constant and energy change value of the polymer-membrane interactions and the perturbation extent of the phospholipids membrane, which lead to the different biocidal activity of the polymer analogs. This work provides important information about the membrane disruption action mechanism of biocidal guanidine hydrochloride polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai
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Evans CG, Smith MC, Carolan JP, Gestwicki JE. Improved synthesis of 15-deoxyspergualin analogs using the Ugi multi-component reaction. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:2587-90. [PMID: 21420295 PMCID: PMC3088103 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Spergualin is a natural product that exhibits immunosuppressive, anti-tumor and anti-bacterial activities. Its derivatives, such as 15-deoxyspergualin (15-DSG), have been clinically approved for acute allograft rejection. However, the reported syntheses are cumbersome (>10 steps) and they suffer from low overall yields (∼0.3% to 18%). Moreover, spergualin and its derivatives are chemically unstable and rapidly hydrolyzed in aqueous buffer. Here, we have re-explored these issues and report a modified synthetic route with significantly improved overall yield (∼31% to 47%). The key transformation is a microwave-accelerated Ugi multi-component reaction that is used to generate the peptoid core in a single step. Using the products of this route, we found that modifications of the hemiaminal significantly increased chemical stability. Thus, we anticipate that this synthetic route will improve access to biologically active 15-DSG derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Evans
- Department of Pathology and The Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2216, USA
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Abstract
Clothianidin, a neonicotinoid insecticide, has been found by former Agro Division, Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., at present) and codeveloped with Bayer CropScience. During the studies on neonicotinoid insecticides, nitenpyram (an open-chain nitromethylene derivative) was prepared first, showing a potent activity against Hemiptera and Thysanoptera pests, and its modification led to clothianidin (a nitroguanidine derivative). Clothianidin exhibits excellent control efficacies in small amounts for a wide variety of insect pests such as Hemiptera, Thysanoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, and Diptera for the long term, with excellent systemic action and by a variety of application methods. The structural features of clothianidin are a thiazole ring and an open-chain guanidine skeleton. The structure-activity relationships of guanidine derivatives and the synthetic studies of clothianidin are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Uneme
- Agricultural Chemicals Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Company, Ltd., 2-1 Takatsukasa 4-chome, Takarazuka, Hyogo 665-8555, Japan.
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Sukach VA, Buta AZ, Maksymiuk OP, Koval's'kyĭ DB, Vovk MV, Kryshtal' OO. [(3-carboxamidino-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl)-4-guanidinobenzoates are novel blockers of pH-sensitive ion channels]. Fiziol Zh (1994) 2011; 57:31-37. [PMID: 22420156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the most severe brain pathologies that is extremely difficult to treat. Recently it has been found that acidosis accompanying cerebral ischemia induces activation of acid-sensing ion channel ASIC1a which results in its turn in the neuronal death. Here we present novel derivatives of 3-carboxamidinocoumarines that effectively inhibit ASIC1a and ASIC3 channels in concentration-dependent manner. The most active compound inhibits ASIC1a and ASIC3 channels with corresponding IC50 of 7.3 and 13.2 microM. Our data suggest that 3-carboxamidinocoumarines can be used as a scaffold for novel type of highly efficient anti-ischemic drugs.
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34
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Zhang Q, Zhao QJ, Xiong RS, Li JF, Shen JS. [Research progress of anti-influenza virus agents]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2010; 45:289-299. [PMID: 21351503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Influenza is a major threat to millions of people worldwide. Vaccines and antiviral agents are two main options available to reduce the impact of the influenza virus, while anti-influenza agents are the most effective means to prevent the transmission of the highly contagious virus and to treat the epidemics of disease. At present, four anti-influenza agents have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of influenza, including two M2 protein ion channel inhibitors-amantadine and rimantadine and two neuraminidase inhibitors-zanamivir and oseltamivir. Arbidol hydrochloride, launched in Russia, is a potent inhibitor of influenza virus, too. Neuraminidase inhibitors could be classified generally by structure into six different kinds: sialic acid derivatives, benzoic acid derivatives, cyclohexene derivatives, cyclopentane derivatives, pyrrolidine derivatives and natural products. In this paper, recent progress in the research of the action mechanisms and structure-activity relationships of these anti-influenza virus agents were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ian S. Young
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10650 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-784-7375
| | - Chad A. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10650 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-784-7375
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10650 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-784-7375
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10650 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037 (USA), Fax: (+1) 858-784-7375
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36
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Petrache G, Pavelescu MDG. The pharmacological activity of some new fluorescent small molecule histamine H2 receptor (H2-R) ligands, derived from aminopotentidine and squaramide, in the GTPase assay. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2010; 114:255-259. [PMID: 20509312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We characterized the pharmacological activity of some new fluorescent and nonfluorescent ligands derived from aminopotentidine and squaramide with respect to the interaction with human (h) and guinea pig (gp) H2R species isoforms on Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) cell membranes expressing H2R-Gsalpha fusion proteins. MATERIAL AND METHOD The pharmacological studies were performed in a radioactivity-based GTPase assay. Non-linear curve ?tting was performed using the computer program Prism 4.0 (GraphPad-Prism). RESULTS Interestingly is that the aminopotentidine ligands labeled with S0536 dye showed a higher activity than the squaramide ligands labeled with the same fluorophor. Moreover, for some cases, the bulky fluorescent groups can even substantially increase ligand affinity. CONCLUSION The study of comparative antagonist activity of new H2R ligands derived from aminopotentidine and squaramide in the GTPase assay suggests that there is no common, lock' for all, keys' at the H2R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana Petrache
- Gr. T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iaşi, School of Pharmacy, Departament of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy
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Zhang S, Yekkirala A, Tang Y, Portoghese PS. A bivalent ligand (KMN-21) antagonist for mu/kappa heterodimeric opioid receptors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:6978-80. [PMID: 19892550 PMCID: PMC5060004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2009] [Revised: 10/08/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to develop antagonists for kappa-mu opioid receptor heterodimers, a series of bivalent ligands 3-6 containing kappa- and mu-antagonist pharmacophores were designed and synthesized. Evaluation of the series in HEK-293 cells revealed 4 (KMN-21) to selectively antagonize the activation of kappa-mu heterodimers, suggesting possible bridging of receptors when the bivalent ligand spacer contains 21 atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ajay Yekkirala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ye Tang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Philip S. Portoghese
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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38
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Abstract
A synthetic approach to palau'amine is described that exploits veiled symmetry in the structure. Bis-alkylidenes i have been prepared and found susceptible to halogenative desymmetrization using t-BuOCl. This oxidation forms the imbedded spirocyclopentane motif observed in the natural product. A host of atypical reactions and processes developed during these studies are discussed, as are plans for completing total syntheses of this compound class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyi Li
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75390-9038, USA
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39
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Manetti F, Cona A, Angeli L, Mugnaini C, Raffi F, Capone C, Dreassi E, Zizzari AT, Tisi A, Federico R, Botta M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of guanidino compounds endowed with subnanomolar affinity as competitive inhibitors of maize polyamine oxidase. J Med Chem 2009; 52:4774-85. [PMID: 19591488 DOI: 10.1021/jm900371z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies on agmatine and its derivatives suggested that the presence of hydrophobic groups on the guanidine moiety was a crucial key for inhibitory activity of maize polyamine oxidase. Accordingly, new lipophilic agmatine and iminoctadine derivatives were synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit this enzyme. Several compounds showed an affinity in the nanomolar range, while a cyclopropylmethyl derivative of iminoctadine was found to be the most potent inhibitor of maize polyamine oxidase reported so far (Ki = 0.08 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Manetti
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Alcide de Gasperi 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy
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40
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Hollenstein M, Hipolito CJ, Lam CH, Perrin DM. A self-cleaving DNA enzyme modified with amines, guanidines and imidazoles operates independently of divalent metal cations (M2+). Nucleic Acids Res 2009; 37:1638-49. [PMID: 19153138 PMCID: PMC2655665 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkn1070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2008] [Revised: 12/18/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection of modified DNAzymes represents an important endeavor in expanding the chemical and catalytic properties of catalytic nucleic acids. Few examples of such exist and to date, there is no example where three different modified bases have been simultaneously incorporated for catalytic activity. Herein, dCTP, dATP and dUTP bearing, respectively, a cationic amine, an imidazole and a cationic guanidine, were enzymatically polymerized on a DNA template for the selection of a highly functionalized DNAzyme, called DNAzyme 9-86, that catalyzed (M(2+))-independent self-cleavage under physiological conditions at a single ribo(cytosine)phosphodiester linkage with a rate constant of (0.134 +/- 0.026) min(-1). A pH rate profile analysis revealed pK(a)'s of 7.4 and 8.1, consistent with both general acid and base catalysis. The presence of guanidinium cations permits cleavage at significantly higher temperatures than previously observed for DNAzymes with only amines and imidazoles. Qualitatively, DNAzyme 9-86 presents an unprecedented ensemble of synthetic functionalities while quantitatively it expresses one of the highest reported values for any self-cleaving nucleic acid when investigated under M(2+)-free conditions at 37 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David M. Perrin
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
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41
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Börner J, Flörke U, Huber K, Döring A, Kuckling D, Herres-Pawlis S. Lactide Polymerisation with Air-Stable and Highly Active Zinc Complexes with Guanidine-Pyridine Hybrid Ligands. Chemistry 2009; 15:2362-76. [PMID: 19160437 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200802128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janna Börner
- Department Chemie, Anorganische Chemie, Universität Paderborn, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
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42
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Arafa RK, Ismail MA, Munde M, Wilson WD, Wenzler T, Brun R, Boykin DW. Novel linear triaryl guanidines, N-substituted guanidines and potential prodrugs as antiprotozoal agents. Eur J Med Chem 2008; 43:2901-8. [PMID: 18455271 PMCID: PMC3815585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2008.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Revised: 11/02/2007] [Accepted: 02/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of triaryl guanidines and N-substituted guanidines designed to target the minor groove of DNA were synthesized and evaluated as antiprotozoal agents. Selected carbamate prodrugs of these guanidines were assayed for their oral efficacy. The linear triaryl bis-guanidines 6a,b were prepared from their corresponding diamines 4a,b through the intermediate BOC protected bis-guanidines 5a,b followed by acid catalyzed deprotection. The N-substituted guanidino analogues 9c-f were obtained in three steps starting by reacting the diamines 4a,b with ethyl isothiocyanatoformate to give the carbamoyl thioureas 7a,b. Subsequent condensation of 7a,b with various amines in the presence of EDCI provided the carbamoyl N-substituted guanidine intermediates 8a-f which can also be regarded as potential prodrugs for the guanidino derivatives. Compounds 9c-f were obtained via the base catalyzed decarbamoylation of 8a-f. The DNA binding affinities for the target dicationic bis-guanidines were assessed by DeltaT(m) values. In vitro antiprotozoal screening of the new compounds showed that derivatives 6a, 9c and 9e possess high to moderate activity against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T.b.r.) and Plasmodium falciparum (P.f.). While the prodrugs did not yield cures upon oral administration in the antitrypanosomal STIB900 mouse model, compounds 8a and 8c prolonged the survival of the treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem K. Arafa
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303-3083, USA
| | - Mohamed A. Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303-3083, USA
| | - Manoj Munde
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303-3083, USA
| | - W. David Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303-3083, USA
| | - Tanja Wenzler
- Parasite Chemotherapy, Swiss Tropical Institute, Basel CH4002, Switzerland
| | - Reto Brun
- Parasite Chemotherapy, Swiss Tropical Institute, Basel CH4002, Switzerland
| | - David W. Boykin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303-3083, USA
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Chini MG, Riccio R, Bifulco G. DFT/NMR integrated approach: a valid support to the total synthesis of chiral molecules. Magn Reson Chem 2008; 46:962-968. [PMID: 18720447 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.2288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of the configuration of kedarcidin chromophore and palau'amine through quantum chemical calculation of Js and chemical shifts suggests a fast and convenient quantum chemical approach that can be applied prior to proceeding to the total synthesis of complex natural compounds in order to avoid loss of time and resources employed in the total synthesis of wrong diastereoisomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Chini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Salerno, Via Ponte Don Melillo, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
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Zancanella MA, Romo D. Facile synthesis of the trans-fused azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane core of the palau'amines and the tricyclic core of the axinellamines from a common intermediate. Org Lett 2008; 10:3685-8. [PMID: 18693745 PMCID: PMC5548495 DOI: 10.1021/ol801289b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A facile synthesis of the trans-fused azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane core of palau'amine and related pyrrole-imidazole alkaloids is described. Following gamma-lactam cleavage with concomitant epimerization at C12 of a previously reported tricycle, a facile intramolecular Mitsunobu reaction delivered the fully functionalized tricyclic core common to several members of the oroidin-derived alkaloids including palau'amine. An alternative cyclization of a related intermediate provides the tricyclic "aza-angular triquinane" core of the axinellamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel A Zancanella
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, P.O. Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA
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45
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Yamaji N, Yokoo Y, Iwashita T, Nemoto A, Koike M, Suwa Y, Wakimoto T, Tsuji K, Nukaya H. Structural determination of two active compounds that bind to the muscarinic M3 receptor in beer. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2008; 31:S9-14. [PMID: 17331173 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00280.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that beer accelerates gastrointestinal motility in humans. Our previous studies showed that beer congener stimulates gastrointestinal motility by directly stimulating the muscarinic M3 receptor. Further, we isolated 2 active compounds (compounds A and B) from beer by liquid chromatography. The objective of the present study was to identify the 2 active compounds that bind to the muscarinic M3 receptor in beer. METHODS Structural analyses of the active compounds were performed by fast atom bombardment mass spectra, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Active compounds were chemically synthesized from p-coumaric acid and agmatine as starting materials. Binding activity to the muscarinic M3 receptor was used to confirm the activity of the synthetic compounds. RESULTS It was identified that 2 active compounds had the same structural characteristics: stereoisomers (cis-isomer and trans-isomer), molecular weight=550 and molecular formula=C28H38N8O4. Trans-isomer (compound B) was identified as the known substance hordatine A, a kind of phytoalexin in barley, and cis-isomer (compound A) was found to be a novel compound (tentatively referred to as aperidine). Both naturally present and chemically synthesized aperidine (compound A) and hordatine A (compound B) were demonstrated to have potent binding activities to the muscarinic M3 receptor. CONCLUSIONS The 2 active compounds isolated from beer, namely aperidine (compound A) and hordatine A (compound B), have structurally and functionally been identified as active entities of binding to the muscarinic M3 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahoko Yamaji
- Suntory Institute for Bioorganic Research, Osaka, Japan
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46
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Yu WY, Yang LX, Xie JS, Zhou L, Jiang XY, Zhu DX, Muramatsu M, Wang MW. Derivatives of aryl-4-guanidinomethylbenzoate and N-aryl-4-guanidinomethylbenzamide as new antibacterial agents: synthesis and bioactivity. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2008; 29:267-77. [PMID: 18215358 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2008.00720.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to design, synthesize, and evaluate novel antibacterial agents, derivatives of aryl-4-guanidinomethylbenzoate and N-aryl-4-guanidinomethylbenzamide. METHODS A total of 44 derivatives of aryl-4-guanidin-omethylbenzoate (series A) and N-aryl-4-guanidinomethylbenzamide (series B) were synthesized and their antibacterial activities were assessed in vitro against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by an agar dilution method. RESULTS Twelve compounds showed potent bactericidal effects against a panel of Gram-positive germs, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA), and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCNS), with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging between 0.5 and 8 microg/mL, which were comparable to the MIC values of several marketed antibiotics. They exhibited weak or no activity on the Gram-negative bacteria tested. In addition, these compounds displayed high inhibitory activities towards oligopeptidase B of bacterial origin. CONCLUSION In comparison with the previously reported MIC values of several known antibiotics, the derivatives of aryl-4-guanidinomethylbenzoate and N-aryl-4-guanidinomethylbenzamide showed comparable in vitro bactericidal activities against VRE and VISA as linezolid. Their growth inhibitory effects on MRSA were similar to vancomycin, but were less potent than linezolid and vancomycin against MRCNS. This class of compounds may have the potential to be developed into narrow spectrum antibacterial agents against certain drug-resistant strains of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-yuan Yu
- The National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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47
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Fobare WF, Solvibile WR, Robichaud AJ, Malamas MS, Manas E, Turner J, Hu Y, Wagner E, Chopra R, Cowling R, Jin G, Bard J. Thiophene substituted acylguanidines as BACE1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:5353-6. [PMID: 17761418 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2007] [Revised: 08/03/2007] [Accepted: 08/06/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of thiophene-substituted acylguanidines were designed from a pyrrole substituted acylguanidine HTS lead. This template allowed a greater flexibility, through differential Suzuki couplings, to explore the binding site of BACE1 and to enhance the inhibitory potencies. This exploration provided a 25-fold enhancement in potency to yield compound 10a, which was 150 nM in a BACE1 FRET assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- William F Fobare
- Chemical and Screening Sciences, Wyeth Research, CN8000, Princeton, NJ 08543-8000, USA.
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48
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Lanman BA, Overman LE, Paulini R, White NS. On the structure of palau'amine: evidence for the revised relative configuration from chemical synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:12896-900. [PMID: 17902668 PMCID: PMC2593883 DOI: 10.1021/ja074939x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hexacyclic congeners 3 and 4 of palau'amine, which incorporate both guanidine functional groups and have the cis configuration of the azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane core, are prepared in 14 steps from cycloadduct 6. Synthetic access to these analogues allows the first direct comparison of NMR data for hexacyclic diguanidine structures having the originally proposed cis-azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane fragment with data for natural alkaloids of the palau'amine family. This comparison provides convincing evidence in favor of the recently proposed structural revision of these marine alkaloids, fully supporting the trans configuration of the central azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane ring system of palau'amine and congeners.
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49
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Abstract
Since its discovery in 1993, the marine natural product palau'amine has intrigued natural product chemists. Its exotic molecular architecture and purported bioactivity made it an ideal target for synthesis. However, as the years went by and related marine alkaloids were isolated, a skeptical eye was cast on the structure of palau'amine; recently these suspicions were confirmed and the structure of palau'amine revised. This Minireview gives a careful overview of the structural revision and its ramifications to both its biogenesis and total synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Köck
- Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung in der Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.
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50
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Rodriguez F, Rozas I, Ortega JE, Meana JJ, Callado LF. Guanidine and 2-Aminoimidazoline Aromatic Derivatives as α2-Adrenoceptor Antagonists, 1: Toward New Antidepressants with Heteroatomic Linkers. J Med Chem 2007; 50:4516-27. [PMID: 17691718 DOI: 10.1021/jm070229q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The efficient preparation and pharmacological characterization of different families of (bis)guanidine and (bis)2-aminoimidazoline derivatives ("twin" and "half" molecules) as potential alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonists for the treatment of depression is presented. The affinity toward the alpha(2)-adrenoceptor of all the compounds prepared was measured in vitro in human brain tissue. Additionally, the activity as agonist or antagonist of those compounds with a pK(i) larger than 7 was determined in functional [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding assays in human brain tissue. Finally, the activity of the most promising compounds was confirmed by means of in vivo microdialysis experiments in rats. Compounds 1, 2b, 3b, 12b, 13b, 17b, 18b, 22b, 25b, 26b, 28b, and 30 showed a good affinity toward the alpha(2)-ARs. In general, the 2-aminoimidazoline derivatives displayed higher affinities than their guanidine analogues. Finally and most importantly, compounds 18b and 26b showed antagonistic properties over alpha(2)-ARs not only in vitro [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding but also in vivo microdialysis experiments. Moreover, both compounds have shown to be able to cross the blood-brain barrier and, therefore, they can be considered as potential antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Rodriguez
- Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
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