1
|
DeBartolo D, Arnold FJ, Liu Y, Molotsky E, Tang HY, Merry DE. Differentially disrupted spinal cord and muscle energy metabolism in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e178048. [PMID: 38452174 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.178048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Prior studies showed that polyglutamine-expanded androgen receptor (AR) is aberrantly acetylated and that deacetylation of the mutant AR by overexpression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent (NAD+-dependent) sirtuin 1 is protective in cell models of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). Based on these observations and reduced NAD+ in muscles of SBMA mouse models, we tested the therapeutic potential of NAD+ restoration in vivo by treating postsymptomatic transgenic SBMA mice with the NAD+ precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR). NR supplementation failed to alter disease progression and had no effect on increasing NAD+ or ATP content in muscle, despite producing a modest increase of NAD+ in the spinal cords of SBMA mice. Metabolomic and proteomic profiles of SBMA quadriceps muscles indicated alterations in several important energy-related pathways that use NAD+, in addition to the NAD+ salvage pathway, which is critical for NAD+ regeneration for use in cellular energy production. We also observed decreased mRNA levels of nicotinamide riboside kinase 2 (Nmrk2), which encodes a key kinase responsible for NR phosphorylation, allowing its use by the NAD+ salvage pathway. Together, these data suggest a model in which NAD+ levels are significantly decreased in muscles of an SBMA mouse model and intransigent to NR supplementation because of decreased levels of Nmrk2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle DeBartolo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Frederick J Arnold
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elana Molotsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hsin-Yao Tang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diane E Merry
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hirunagi T, Nakatsuji H, Sahashi K, Yamamoto M, Iida M, Tohnai G, Kondo N, Yamada S, Murakami A, Noda S, Adachi H, Sobue G, Katsuno M. Exercise attenuates polyglutamine-mediated neuromuscular degeneration in a mouse model of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:159-172. [PMID: 37937369 PMCID: PMC10834330 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a hereditary neuromuscular disorder caused by the expansion of trinucleotide cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) repeats, which encodes a polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in the androgen receptor (AR) gene. Recent evidence suggests that, in addition to motor neuron degeneration, defective skeletal muscles are also the primary contributors to the pathogenesis in SBMA. While benefits of physical exercise have been suggested in SBMA, underlying mechanism remains elusive. METHODS We investigated the effect of running exercise in a transgenic mouse model of SBMA carrying human AR with 97 expanded CAGs (AR97Q). We assigned AR97Q mice to exercise and sedentary control groups, and mice in the exercise group received 1-h forced running wheel (5 m/min) 5 days a week for 4 weeks during the early stage of the disease. Motor function (grip strength and rotarod performance) and survival of each group were analysed, and histopathological and biological features in skeletal muscles and motor neurons were evaluated. RESULTS AR97Q mice in the exercise group showed improvement in motor function (~40% and ~50% increase in grip strength and rotarod performance, respectively, P < 0.05) and survival (median survival 23.6 vs. 16.7 weeks, P < 0.05) with amelioration of neuronal and muscular histopathology (~1.4-fold and ~2.8-fold increase in motor neuron and muscle fibre size, respectively, P < 0.001) compared to those in the sedentary group. Nuclear accumulation of polyQ-expanded AR in skeletal muscles and motor neurons was suppressed in the mice with exercise compared to the sedentary mice (~50% and ~30% reduction in 1C2-positive cells in skeletal muscles and motor neurons, respectively, P < 0.05). We found that the exercise activated 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signalling and inhibited mammalian target of rapamycin pathway that regulates protein synthesis in skeletal muscles of SBMA mice. Pharmacological activation of AMPK inhibited protein synthesis and reduced polyQ-expanded AR proteins in C2C12 muscle cells. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the therapeutic potential of exercise-induced effect via AMPK activation in SBMA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Hirunagi
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Hideaki Nakatsuji
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Kentaro Sahashi
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Mikiyasu Yamamoto
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Madoka Iida
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Genki Tohnai
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
- Aichi Medical UniversityNagakuteJapan
| | - Naohide Kondo
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Shinichiro Yamada
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Ayuka Murakami
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Seiya Noda
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
- Department of NeurologyNational Hospital Organization Suzuka HospitalSuzukaJapan
| | - Hiroaki Adachi
- Department of NeurologyUniversity of Occupational and Environmental Health School of MedicineKitakyushuJapan
| | - Gen Sobue
- Aichi Medical UniversityNagakuteJapan
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
- Department of Clinical Research EducationNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gromova A, Cha B, Robinson EM, Strickland LM, Nguyen N, ElMallah MK, Cortes CJ, La Spada AR. X-linked SBMA model mice display relevant non-neurological phenotypes and their expression of mutant androgen receptor protein in motor neurons is not required for neuromuscular disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:90. [PMID: 37269008 PMCID: PMC10239133 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01582-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA; Kennedy's disease) is a rare neuromuscular disorder characterized by adult-onset proximal muscle weakness and lower motor neuron degeneration. SBMA was the first human disease found to be caused by a repeat expansion mutation, as affected patients possess an expanded tract of CAG repeats, encoding polyglutamine, in the androgen receptor (AR) gene. We previously developed a conditional BAC fxAR121 transgenic mouse model of SBMA and used it to define a primary role for skeletal muscle expression of polyglutamine-expanded AR in causing the motor neuron degeneration. Here we sought to extend our understanding of SBMA disease pathophysiology and cellular basis by detailed examination and directed experimentation with the BAC fxAR121 mice. First, we evaluated BAC fxAR121 mice for non-neurological disease phenotypes recently described in human SBMA patients, and documented prominent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiomegaly, and ventricular heart wall thinning in aged male BAC fxAR121 mice. Our discovery of significant hepatic and cardiac abnormalities in SBMA mice underscores the need to evaluate human SBMA patients for signs of liver and heart disease. To directly examine the contribution of motor neuron-expressed polyQ-AR protein to SBMA neurodegeneration, we crossed BAC fxAR121 mice with two different lines of transgenic mice expressing Cre recombinase in motor neurons, and after updating characterization of SBMA phenotypes in our current BAC fxAR121 colony, we found that excision of mutant AR from motor neurons did not rescue neuromuscular or systemic disease. These findings further validate a primary role for skeletal muscle as the driver of SBMA motor neuronopathy and indicate that therapies being developed to treat patients should be delivered peripherally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Gromova
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Neurology, and Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Byeonggu Cha
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Neurology, and Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Erica M Robinson
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Laura M Strickland
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Nhat Nguyen
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Neurology, and Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Mai K ElMallah
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Constanza J Cortes
- School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Albert R La Spada
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Neurology, and Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- UCI Institute for Neurotherapeutics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Malacarne C, Galbiati M, Giagnorio E, Cavalcante P, Salerno F, Andreetta F, Cagnoli C, Taiana M, Nizzardo M, Corti S, Pensato V, Venerando A, Gellera C, Fenu S, Pareyson D, Masson R, Maggi L, Dalla Bella E, Lauria G, Mantegazza R, Bernasconi P, Poletti A, Bonanno S, Marcuzzo S. Dysregulation of Muscle-Specific MicroRNAs as Common Pathogenic Feature Associated with Muscle Atrophy in ALS, SMA and SBMA: Evidence from Animal Models and Human Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115673. [PMID: 34073630 PMCID: PMC8198536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by upper and/or lower MN loss. MNDs include amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). Despite variability in onset, progression, and genetics, they share a common skeletal muscle involvement, suggesting that it could be a primary site for MND pathogenesis. Due to the key role of muscle-specific microRNAs (myomiRs) in skeletal muscle development, by real-time PCR we investigated the expression of miR-206, miR-133a, miR-133b, and miR-1, and their target genes, in G93A-SOD1 ALS, Δ7SMA, and KI-SBMA mouse muscle during disease progression. Further, we analyzed their expression in serum of SOD1-mutated ALS, SMA, and SBMA patients, to demonstrate myomiR role as noninvasive biomarkers. Our data showed a dysregulation of myomiRs and their targets, in ALS, SMA, and SBMA mice, revealing a common pathogenic feature associated with muscle impairment. A similar myomiR signature was observed in patients’ sera. In particular, an up-regulation of miR-206 was identified in both mouse muscle and serum of human patients. Our overall findings highlight the role of myomiRs as promising biomarkers in ALS, SMA, and SBMA. Further investigations are needed to explore the potential of myomiRs as therapeutic targets for MND treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Malacarne
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Mariarita Galbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro di Eccellenza sulle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Eleonora Giagnorio
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
- PhD Program in Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Cavalcante
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Franco Salerno
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Francesca Andreetta
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Cinza Cagnoli
- Molecular Neuroanatomy and Pathogenesis Unit, Neurology VII—Clinical and Experimental Epileptology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Michela Taiana
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Monica Nizzardo
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefania Corti
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (S.C.)
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Viviana Pensato
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.P.); (A.V.); (C.G.)
| | - Anna Venerando
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.P.); (A.V.); (C.G.)
| | - Cinzia Gellera
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (V.P.); (A.V.); (C.G.)
| | - Silvia Fenu
- Unit of Rare Neurodegenerative and Neurometabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Davide Pareyson
- Unit of Rare Neurodegenerative and Neurometabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (S.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Riccardo Masson
- Developmental Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Maggi
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Eleonora Dalla Bella
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.D.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Giuseppe Lauria
- Neuroalgology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (E.D.B.); (G.L.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences “Luigi Sacco”, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Pia Bernasconi
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Centro di Eccellenza sulle Malattie Neurodegenerative, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti, 9, 20133 Milano, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (S.M.); Tel.: +39-02-5031-8215 (A.P.); Tel.: +39-02-2394-4511 (ext. 4651) (S.M.); Fax: +39-02-70633874 (S.M.)
| | - Silvia Bonanno
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Stefania Marcuzzo
- Neurology IV–Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.M.); (E.G.); (P.C.); (F.S.); (F.A.); (L.M.); (R.M.); (P.B.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (S.M.); Tel.: +39-02-5031-8215 (A.P.); Tel.: +39-02-2394-4511 (ext. 4651) (S.M.); Fax: +39-02-70633874 (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hashizume A, Fischbeck KH, Pennuto M, Fratta P, Katsuno M. Disease mechanism, biomarker and therapeutics for spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:1085-1091. [PMID: 32934110 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-322949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a hereditary neuromuscular disorder caused by CAG trinucleotide expansion in the gene encoding the androgen receptor (AR). In the central nervous system, lower motor neurons are selectively affected, whereas pathology of patients and animal models also indicates involvement of skeletal muscle including loss of fast-twitch type 2 fibres and increased slow-twitch type 1 fibres, together with a glycolytic-to-oxidative metabolic switch. Evaluation of muscle and fat using MRI, in addition to biochemical indices such as serum creatinine level, are promising biomarkers to track the disease progression. The serum level of creatinine starts to decrease before the onset of muscle weakness, followed by the emergence of hand tremor, a prodromal sign of the disease. Androgen-dependent nuclear accumulation of the polyglutamine-expanded AR is an essential step in the pathogenesis, providing therapeutic opportunities via hormonal manipulation and gene silencing with antisense oligonucleotides. Animal studies also suggest that hyperactivation of Src, alteration of autophagy and a mitochondrial deficit underlie the neuromuscular degeneration in SBMA and provide alternative therapeutic targets.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Adipose Tissue/diagnostic imaging
- Adrenergic beta-Agonists/therapeutic use
- Autophagy
- Biomarkers
- Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked/diagnostic imaging
- Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked/metabolism
- Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked/physiopathology
- Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked/therapy
- Clenbuterol/therapeutic use
- Creatinine/metabolism
- Dutasteride/therapeutic use
- Glycolysis
- Humans
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/analogs & derivatives
- Leuprolide/therapeutic use
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch/pathology
- Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Oligonucleotides, Antisense/therapeutic use
- Oxidation-Reduction
- RNAi Therapeutics
- Receptors, Androgen/genetics
- Receptors, Androgen/metabolism
- Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hashizume
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kenneth H Fischbeck
- Neurogenetics Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria Pennuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences (DBS), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy
| | - Pietro Fratta
- Depatment of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of Neurology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Halievski K, Mo K, Westwood JT, Monks DA. Transcriptional profile of muscle following acute induction of symptoms in a mouse model of Kennedy's disease/spinobulbar muscular atrophy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118120. [PMID: 25719894 PMCID: PMC4341878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kennedy's disease/Spinobulbar muscular atrophy (KD/SBMA) is a degenerative neuromuscular disease affecting males. This disease is caused by polyglutamine expansion mutations of the androgen receptor (AR) gene. Although KD/SBMA has been traditionally considered a motor neuron disease, emerging evidence points to a central etiological role of muscle. We previously reported a microarray study of genes differentially expressed in muscle of three genetically unique mouse models of KD/SBMA but were unable to detect those which are androgen-dependent or are associated with onset of symptoms. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In the current study we examined the time course and androgen-dependence of transcriptional changes in the HSA-AR transgenic (Tg) mouse model, in which females have a severe phenotype after acute testosterone treatment. Using microarray analysis we identified differentially expressed genes at the onset and peak of muscle weakness in testosterone-treated Tg females. We found both transient and persistent groups of differentially expressed genes and analysis of gene function indicated functional groups such as mitochondrion, ion and nucleotide binding, muscle development, and sarcomere maintenance. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE By comparing the current results with those from the three previously reported models we were able to identify KD/SBMA candidate genes that are androgen dependent, and occur early in the disease process, properties which are promising for targeted therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Halievski
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga,
Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kaiguo Mo
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga,
Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - J. Timothy Westwood
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga,
Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas A. Monks
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga,
Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Renier KJ, Troxell-Smith SM, Johansen JA, Katsuno M, Adachi H, Sobue G, Chua JP, Sun Kim H, Lieberman AP, Breedlove SM, Jordan CL. Antiandrogen flutamide protects male mice from androgen-dependent toxicity in three models of spinal bulbar muscular atrophy. Endocrinology 2014; 155:2624-34. [PMID: 24742193 PMCID: PMC4060177 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a late-onset, progressive neurodegenerative disease linked to a polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion in the androgen receptor (AR). Men affected by SBMA show marked muscle weakness and atrophy, typically emerging midlife. Given the androgen-dependent nature of this disease, one might expect AR antagonists to have therapeutic value for treating SBMA. However, current work from animal models suggests otherwise, raising questions about whether polyQ-expanded AR exerts androgen-dependent toxicity through mechanisms distinct from normal AR function. In this study, we asked whether the nonsteroidal AR antagonist flutamide, delivered via a time-release pellet, could reverse or prevent androgen-dependent AR toxicity in three different mouse models of SBMA: the AR97Q transgenic (Tg) model, a knock-in (KI) model, and a myogenic Tg model. We find that flutamide protects mice from androgen-dependent AR toxicity in all three SBMA models, preventing or reversing motor dysfunction in the Tg models and significantly extending the life span in KI males. Given that flutamide effectively protects against androgen-dependent disease in three different mouse models of SBMA, our data are proof of principle that AR antagonists have therapeutic potential for treating SBMA in humans and support the notion that toxicity caused by polyQ-expanded AR uses at least some of the same mechanisms as normal AR before diverging to produce disease and muscle atrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kayla J Renier
- Neuroscience Program (K.J.R., S.M.T.-S., S.M.B., C.L.J.), Michigan State University, E Lansing, Michigan 48824-1101; College of Medicine (J.A.J.), Central Michigan University, Mt Pleasant Michigan 48859; Department of Neurology (M.K., H.A., G.S.), Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan 466-8550; and Department of Pathology (J.P.C., H.S.K., A.P.L.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zajac JD, Fui MNT. Kennedy's disease: clinical significance of tandem repeats in the androgen receptor. Adv Exp Med Biol 2012; 769:153-168. [PMID: 23560310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Kennedy's disease (KD) or spinobulbar muscular atrophy is a hereditary X-linked, progressive neurodegenerative condition caused by an expansion of the CAG triplet repeat in the first exon of the androgen receptor gene. The phenotype in its full form is only expressed in males and presents as weakness and wasting of the upper and lower limbs and bulbar muscles associated with absent reflexes. Sensory disturbances are present. Various endocrine abnormalities including decreased fertility and gynecomastia are common and amongst the first features of KD. Animal models of KD have demonstrated improvement on withdrawal of testosterone, indicating that this agonist of the androgen receptor is required for the toxic effect. Potential therapies based on testosterone withdrawal in humans have shown some promise, but efficacy remains to be proven. Potential clinical factors, pathogenesis and future approaches to therapy are reviewed in this chapter.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 46, XX Disorders of Sex Development/physiopathology
- Aromatase/deficiency
- Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked/drug therapy
- Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked/genetics
- Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked/metabolism
- Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked/physiopathology
- Drugs, Investigational/pharmacology
- Drugs, Investigational/therapeutic use
- Exons
- Gynecomastia/physiopathology
- Humans
- Infertility, Male/physiopathology
- Male
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors/physiopathology
- Peptides/genetics
- Receptors, Androgen/genetics
- Receptors, Androgen/metabolism
- Sex Factors
- Testosterone/antagonists & inhibitors
- Testosterone/metabolism
- Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Zajac
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne at Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Orr CR, Montie HL, Liu Y, Bolzoni E, Jenkins SC, Wilson EM, Joseph JD, McDonnell DP, Merry DE. An interdomain interaction of the androgen receptor is required for its aggregation and toxicity in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:35567-77. [PMID: 20826791 PMCID: PMC2975181 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.146845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Revised: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyglutamine expansion within the androgen receptor (AR) causes spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) and is associated with misfolded and aggregated species of the mutant AR. We showed previously that nuclear localization of the mutant AR was necessary but not sufficient for SBMA. Here we show that an interdomain interaction of the AR that is central to its function within the nucleus is required for AR aggregation and toxicity. Ligands that prevent the interaction between the amino-terminal FXXLF motif and carboxyl-terminal AF-2 domain (N/C interaction) prevented toxicity and AR aggregation in an SBMA cell model and rescued primary SBMA motor neurons from 5α-dihydrotestosterone-induced toxicity. Moreover, genetic mutation of the FXXLF motif prevented AR aggregation and 5α-dihydrotestosterone toxicity. Finally, selective androgen receptor modulators, which prevent the N/C interaction, ameliorated AR aggregation and toxicity while maintaining AR function, highlighting a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent the SBMA phenotype while retaining AR transcriptional function.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Motifs/genetics
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Androgen Antagonists/pharmacology
- Androgens/pharmacology
- Anilides/pharmacology
- Animals
- Binding Sites/genetics
- Blotting, Western
- Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked/genetics
- Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked/metabolism
- Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked/pathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Dihydrotestosterone/pharmacology
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Motor Neurons/cytology
- Motor Neurons/metabolism
- Mutation
- Nitriles/pharmacology
- PC12 Cells
- Protein Binding/drug effects
- Rats
- Receptors, Androgen/chemistry
- Receptors, Androgen/genetics
- Receptors, Androgen/metabolism
- Testosterone/pharmacology
- Tosyl Compounds/pharmacology
- Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion/genetics
- Two-Hybrid System Techniques
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Orr
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Heather L. Montie
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Yuhong Liu
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Elena Bolzoni
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Shannon C. Jenkins
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Elizabeth M. Wilson
- the Laboratories for Reproductive Biology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - James D. Joseph
- the Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, and
| | - Donald P. McDonnell
- the Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, and
| | - Diane E. Merry
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Komiya A, Watanabe A, Yasuda K, Fuse H. [Androgen receptor]. Nihon Rinsho 2010; 68 Suppl 7:505-510. [PMID: 20960820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Komiya
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|