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Ray AM, Salim N, Stevens M, Chitre S, Abdeen S, Washburn A, Sivinski J, O'Hagan HM, Chapman E, Johnson SM. Exploiting the HSP60/10 chaperonin system as a chemotherapeutic target for colorectal cancer. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 40:116129. [PMID: 33971488 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, an increasing variety of molecular chaperones have been investigated for their role in tumorigenesis and as potential chemotherapeutic targets; however, the 60 kDa Heat Shock Protein (HSP60), along with its HSP10 co-chaperone, have received little attention in this regard. In the present study, we investigated two series of our previously developed inhibitors of the bacterial homolog of HSP60/10, called GroEL/ES, for their selective cytotoxicity to cancerous over non-cancerous colorectal cells. We further developed a third "hybrid" series of analogs to identify new candidates with superior properties than the two parent scaffolds. Using a series of well-established HSP60/10 biochemical screens and cell-viability assays, we identified 24 inhibitors (14%) that exhibited > 3-fold selectivity for targeting colorectal cancer over non-cancerous cells. Notably, cell viability EC50 results correlated with the relative expression of HSP60 in the mitochondria, suggesting a potential for this HSP60-targeting chemotherapeutic strategy as emerging evidence indicates that HSP60 is up-regulated in colorectal cancer tumors. Further examination of five lead candidates indicated their ability to inhibit the clonogenicity and migration of colorectal cancer cells. These promising results are the most thorough analysis and first reported instance of HSP60/10 inhibitors being able to selectively target colorectal cancer cells and highlight the potential of the HSP60/10 chaperonin system as a viable chemotherapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Ray
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 635 Barnhill Dr., Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Nilshad Salim
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 635 Barnhill Dr., Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Mckayla Stevens
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 635 Barnhill Dr., Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Siddhi Chitre
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 635 Barnhill Dr., Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Sanofar Abdeen
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 635 Barnhill Dr., Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Alex Washburn
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 635 Barnhill Dr., Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Jared Sivinski
- The University of Arizona, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 1703 E. Mabel St., PO Box 210207, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Heather M O'Hagan
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Program and Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 1001 East 3rd St., Bloomington, IN 47405, United States
| | - Eli Chapman
- The University of Arizona, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 1703 E. Mabel St., PO Box 210207, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States
| | - Steven M Johnson
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 635 Barnhill Dr., Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States.
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Park SJ, Jo DS, Shin JH, Kim ES, Jo YK, Choi ES, Seo HM, Kim SH, Hwang JJ, Jo DG, Koh JY, Cho DH. Suppression of Cpn10 increases mitochondrial fission and dysfunction in neuroblastoma cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112130. [PMID: 25390895 PMCID: PMC4229138 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, several regulatory proteins involved in mitochondrial dynamics have been identified. However, the precise mechanism coordinating these complex processes remains unclear. Mitochondrial chaperones regulate mitochondrial function and structure. Chaperonin 10 (Cpn10) interacts with heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and functions as a co-chaperone. In this study, we found that down-regulation of Cpn10 highly promoted mitochondrial fragmentation in SK-N-MC and SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Both genetic and chemical inhibition of Drp1 suppressed the mitochondrial fragmentation induced by Cpn10 reduction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in 3-NP-treated cells was markedly enhanced by Cpn10 knock down. Depletion of Cpn10 synergistically increased cell death in response to 3-NP treatment. Furthermore, inhibition of Drp1 recovered Cpn10-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in 3-NP-treated cells. Moreover, an ROS scavenger suppressed cell death mediated by Cpn10 knockdown in 3-NP-treated cells. Taken together, these results showed that down-regulation of Cpn10 increased mitochondrial fragmentation and potentiated 3-NP-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in neuroblastoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Jung Park
- Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Doo Sin Jo
- Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Shin
- Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Eun Sung Kim
- Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jo
- Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Eun Sun Choi
- Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Hae Mi Seo
- Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Sung Hyun Kim
- School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Jin Hwang
- Asan Institute for Life Science, Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Koh
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- Department of East-West Medical Science, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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