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Liu Y, Sun J, Zhang C, Wu Y, Ma S, Li X, Wu X, Gao Q. Compound heterozygous WNT10A missense variations exacerbated the tooth agenesis caused by hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:136. [PMID: 38280992 PMCID: PMC10822191 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to analyse the differences in the phenotypes of missing teeth between a pair of brothers with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) and to investigate the underlying mechanism by comparing the mutated gene loci between the brothers with whole-exome sequencing. METHODS The clinical data of the patients and their mother were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples. By Whole-exome sequencing filtered for a minor allele frequency (MAF) ≤0.05 non-synonymous single-nucleotide variations and insertions/deletions variations in genes previously associated with tooth agenesis, and variations considered as potentially pathogenic were assessed by SIFT, Polyphen-2, CADD and ACMG. Sanger sequencing was performed to detect gene variations. The secondary and tertiary structures of the mutated proteins were predicted by PsiPred 4.0 and AlphaFold 2. RESULTS Both brothers were clinically diagnosed with HED, but the younger brother had more teeth than the elder brother. An EDA variation (c.878 T > G) was identified in both brothers. Additionally, compound heterozygous variations of WNT10A (c.511C > T and c.637G > A) were identified in the elder brother. Digenic variations in EDA (c.878 T > G) and WNT10A (c.511C > T and c.637G > A) in the same patient have not been reported previously. The secondary structure of the variant WNT10A protein showed changes in the number and position of α-helices and β-folds compared to the wild-type protein. The tertiary structure of the WNT10A variant and molecular simulation docking showed that the site and direction where WNT10A binds to FZD5 was changed. CONCLUSIONS Compound heterozygous WNT10A missense variations may exacerbate the number of missing teeth in HED caused by EDA variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Liu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing Sun
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Caiqi Zhang
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yi Wu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Siyuan Ma
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xuechun Li
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaoshan Wu
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingping Gao
- The Stomatology Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
- Academician Workstation for Oral & Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- Research Center of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
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Abstract
Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is a common variation of ectodermal dysplasia, characterized by hypohidrosis (or anhidrosis), hypotrichosis, hypodontia, and other distinct facial features. Furthermore, ocular tissues of ectodermal origin may also be affected in this disease. The most common ocular manifestations of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia are dry eye, madarosis, alterations in the meibomian glands, abnormalities in the nasolacrimal duct, and infantile glaucoma. Herein, author reports a case of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in a 12-year-old Indian boy with dry eye and lacrimal sac mucocele.
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Cassol DV, Viera TI, Souza IPR, Pomarico L. Prosthetic rehabilitation of a child with X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a case report and 12-month follow-up. Gen Dent 2019; 67:e1-e6. [PMID: 31355772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The hereditary condition known as ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is characterized by the absence of or a defect in 2 or more ectodermally derived structures such as skin, nails, hair, sweat glands, or teeth. Patients with this disorder usually present with reduced salivary gland function and absence of some or all teeth, which compromises orofacial function and development. In addition, children with ED usually experience difficulty in social interactions because of their appearance. This article reviews previously published case reports pertaining to ED and describes oral rehabilitation with removable partial dentures (RPDs) in a 5-year-old girl diagnosed with X-linked hypohidrotic ED, which presented as hypodontia. An orthodontic expander screw was inserted in the maxillary prosthesis to correct the patient's crossbite, and periodic recall examinations were scheduled to monitor the effects of the patient's growth on occlusion and fit of the prosthesis. The child was monitored for 12 months, during which she exhibited significant improvement in physiologic function, appearance, and social behavior. Because negative esthetic, functional, and psychological consequences are associated with this condition, dentists must be knowledgeable about its common oral manifestations.
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Quintanilha LELP, Carneiro-Campos LE, Antunes LAA, Antunes LS, Fernandes CP, Abreu FV. Prosthetic rehabilitation in a pediatric patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a case report. Gen Dent 2017; 65:72-76. [PMID: 28862593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a rare ectodermal disease with a systemic expression. Oral abnormalities are common and may include hypodontia and shape irregularities in the primary and permanent dentitions. Rehabilitation of the dental arches in pediatric patients with HED is a challenge because HED is a multifactorial disease that demands a complicated treatment approach and most dentists have limited experience or training in the necessary treatment. In addition, pediatric patients often lack the patience or ability to cooperate with complex prosthetic treatment. This case report describes a simplified technique used to fabricate complete dentures for a 4-year-old HED patient in 4 sessions.
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Cyrkin E, Zemnick C, Yoon RK. Dental Findings and Functional Prosthesis use in Child with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Case Report. N Y State Dent J 2016; 82:39-42. [PMID: 30512258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of maxillary and mandibular esthetic functional prostheses in a 5-year-old female patient with ectodermal dysplasia is reported. This report presents, clinically and radiographically, the orofacial manifestations of a child diagnosed with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, along with the construction of removable prosthetic devices.
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Abstract
Hyperhidrosis can be subdivided into generalized hyperhidrosis, with increased sweating over the entire body, and focal hyperhidrosis, in which the excessive sweating is restricted to specific parts of the body. Generalized hyperhidrosis may be either primary (idiopathic) or secondary. Secondary generalized hyperhidrosis may be caused by infections such as tuberculosis, hyperthyroidism, endocrine and metabolic disturbances such as pheochromocytoma, neurological disorders, or drugs. Focal hyperhidrosis may also be primary (idiopathic) or secondary. Frey's syndrome is one form of secondary focal hyperhidrosis that occurs during eating together with reddening of the area in front of the ear following parotid gland surgery or injury. Primary focal hyperhidrosis is particularly common on the palms and soles of the feet, in the axilla, and on the head. Anhidrosis may be either congenital/genetic or acquired. Some of the most typical forms of congenital/genetic anhidrosis include hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, congenital insensitivity to pain and anhidrosis, and Fabry disease. Acquired anhidrosis is classified as secondary anhidrosis, which may be due to an underlying disorder such as a neurological disorder, an endocrine or metabolic disturbance, or the effect of drugs, or idiopathic anhidrosis for which the pathology, cause, and mechanism are unknown. Idiopathic anhidrosis is classified into acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis (AIGA), idiopathic segmental anhidrosis, and Ross syndrome. AIGA is divided into three categories according to differences in the site of disturbance: (1) sudomotor neuropathy, (2) idiopathic pure sudomotor failure, and (3) sweat gland failure.
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Aydinbelge M, Gumus HO, Sekerci AE, Demetoğlu U, Etoz OA. Implants in children with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: an alternative approach to esthetic management: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Dent 2013; 35:441-446. [PMID: 24290558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a rare congenital disease that affects several ectodermal structures. Children with ED may have various manifestations of the disease that differ in severity. In addition to its other symptoms, ED causes anadontia and hypodontia of the primary or permanent teeth, impacted teeth, malformed and widely spaced peg-shaped teeth, and underdeveloped alveolar ridges. Since the oral rehabilitation of these cases is often difficult, particularly in pediatric patients, treatment should be provided by a multidisciplinary team. Dental implants are the treatment of choice when growth has stabilized, and implants can be used to support, retain, and stabilize the prosthesis. The purpose of this paper was to present a case report of implant placement in a 7-year-old girl with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and review the current literature to discuss the use of dental implants in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Aydinbelge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Zemnick C, Kapoor R, Yoon RK, Chussid S. Speech prosthesis in child patient with ectodermal dysplasia. Case report. N Y State Dent J 2013; 79:22-26. [PMID: 23691724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of several esthetic speech prostheses in a 4-year-old child patient with ectodermal dysplasia is reported. This report details, clinically and radiographically, effects in a child diagnosed with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, as well as speech device construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice Zemnick
- Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Piccione M, Serra G, Sanfilippo C, Andreucci E, Sani I, Corsello G. A new mutation in EDA gene in X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia associated with keratoconus. Minerva Pediatr 2012; 64:59-64. [PMID: 22350046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) was first described in 1848 by Thurnam. HED belongs to ectodermal dysplasias (EDs), which are developmental impairments of ectodermal-derived tissues. X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) is the most common form of the EDs and consists in abnormal development of teeth, hair, and eccrine sweat glands. XLHED is determined by mutations in the ED1 gene, which is responsible for the coding of ectodysplasin-A(EDA-A), a protein that regulates ectodermal appendage formation. In the present study we found both in our proband and in the mother the same missense mutation in exon 9 (c.957 C>A), which resulted in an aminoacid change at position 319 (Ser319Arg). This latter anomaly might alter the charges in the TNF domain of EDA-A, affecting the stability of the protein and therefore the interaction with its receptor. The male propositus presented classical manifestations of HED except for keratoconus (KC) and, to the best of our knowledge, this association has not been previously described. The identification of this new mutation may contribute to evaluating the genotype/phenotype correlations. Finally, this report can give useful information about the genetic basis of KC and HED. Future studies will allow us to understand if a genetic bond exists between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Piccione
- Operative Unit of Pediatrics and Neonatal Intensive Therapy, Mother and Child Department, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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Bergendal B. Interpretive and report bias in publications on implants in patients with ectodermal dysplasia. INT J PROSTHODONT 2011; 24:505-506. [PMID: 22146246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Birgitta Bergendal
- National Oral Disability Centre, The Institute for Postgradute Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden.
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Sholapurkar AA, Setty S, Pai KM. Total anodontia in patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Report of rare case of Christ-Siemens Touraine syndrome. N Y State Dent J 2011; 77:36-39. [PMID: 21417166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasias are a complex group of genetically determined disorders clinically characterized by congenital alterations of the structures derived from the ectoderm. Even though ectodermal dysplasia with partial anodontia is common, this condition with total anodontia is not. We describe features of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with complete anodontia in a 6-year-old boy. In order to improve esthetics, speech and mastication, the child was provided with upper and lower complete dentures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar A Sholapurkar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Karnataka, India.
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Lesot H, Clauss F, Manière MC, Schmittbuhl M. Consequences of X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia for the human jaw bone. Front Oral Biol 2010; 13:93-99. [PMID: 19828977 DOI: 10.1159/000242398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Mutations of the Eda gene, which encodes for ectodysplasin-A1, result in X-linked hypohydrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED). This pathology may lead to severe oligodontia, subsequently requiring implant therapy. Since Eda is suspected to participate in bone development, the jaw bone status was investigated in XLHED patients in order to adjust the surgical protocol. Using computed tomography, densitometric profiles and 3D reconstructions, the bone structure was analyzed and compared to that of control individuals; our results showed that the morphological changes comprised mandibular bone flattening. Craniofacial CT scans showed medullary bone hyperdensity, including in the mandibular symphysis area, where implants must be placed. These alterations in bone structure were also observed in locations where the presence/absence of teeth cannot interfere. If the changes in jaw bone morphology can be a consequence of oligodontia, the changes in bone structure seem to be tooth-independent and suggest a direct effect of the mutation on bone formation and/or remodeling.
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Răducanu AM, Păuna M, Feraru IV. A simple prosthetic restorative solution of a single peg-shaped upper central primary incisor in a case of ectodermal dysplasia. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2010; 51:371-374. [PMID: 20495758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This clinical report describes the oral rehabilitation of a 7-year-old male diagnosed with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and anodontia. BACKGROUND Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) comprises a large, heterogeneous group of inherited disorders, which are defined by primary defects in the development of two or more tissues derived from the embryonic ectoderm (skin, hair follicles, nails, teeth, sebaceous and sweat glands). Our patient exhibited the typical general and cranio-facial features of ED as well as emotional and behavioral problems. The patient presents only one conical primary central incisor. CLINICAL MANAGEMENT The treatment was focused to improve his esthetic needs and oral functions and included the fabrication of removable prostheses and of an acrylic crown on the single tooth existing in his mouth, manufactured by an original simple method. Six months follow-up points out that restorative treatment provided psychosocial and functional comfort to the young boy. CONCLUSIONS This clinical report demonstrates the importance of the prosthodontic treatment for oral rehabilitation in children with ED. The partial and complete removable dentures associated with the acrylic crown can be a reversible and inexpensive method of treatment for ED patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Maria Răducanu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
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Dall'Oca S, Ceppi E, Pompa G, Polimeni A. X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a ten-year case report and clinical considerations. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2008; 9:14-18. [PMID: 19886367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ectodermal Dysplasias (EDs) are a large group of syndromes that are heterogeneous under clinical and genetic aspects, and are characterised by anomalies in the structures of ectodermal origin. In EDs dental anomalies in shape and number (oligo-hypodontia) occur frequently and severely and can affect both the primary and permanent dentition. CASE REPORT The oral habilitation of a child affected by X-linked Hypohidrotic-Ectodermal Dyspasia with oligodontia over a period of ten years is described. This report includes discussion of the aetiology of EDs as well as discussion of the long-term prognosis for the patient. CONCLUSION The success of treatment in the case reported is based on an early diagnosis and a correct timing of interventions addressing the preservation of the existing dental elements, early functional rehabilitation and aesthetic correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dall'Oca
- University of Rome La Sapienza, Department of Dental Sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans D Ochs
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, Seattle Children's Hospital Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA.
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Bal C, Bal BT, Tüfekçioğlu D. Treatment considerations for a patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a case report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008; 9:128-134. [PMID: 18335129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM This clinical report describes the oral rehabilitation of a 6-year-old male ectodermal dysplasia (ED) patient diagnosed with hypodontia. BACKGROUND ED is a hereditary disease characterized by a congenital dysplasia of one or more ectodermal structures and their accessory appendages. Common manifestations include defective hair follicles and eyebrows, frontal bossing with prominent supraorbital ridges, nasal bridge depression, and protuberant lips. Intraorally, most common findings are anadontia or hypodontia, conical teeth, and generalize spaces. The patient may suffer from dry skin, hyperthermia, and unexplained high fever as a result of deficiency of sweat glands. REPORT A six-year-old boy who exhibited many of the manifestations of ED as well as behavioral problems and a severe gag reflex. The treatment was designed to improve his appearance and oral functions and included the fabrication of several removable prostheses and acid-etched composite resin restorations during his growth and development. SUMMARY Young patients with ED need to be evaluated early by a dental professional to determine the oral ramifications of the condition. When indicated, appropriate care needs to be rendered throughout the child's growth cycle to maintain oral functions as well as to address the esthetic needs of the patient. This clinical report demonstrates that removable partial dentures associated with direct composite restorations can be a reversible and inexpensive method of treatment for young ED patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cenkhan Bal
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry of Facultly of Dentistry at Gazi University in Ankara, Turkey.
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Açikgöz A, Kademoglu O, Elekdag-Türk S, Karagöz F. Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with true anodontia of the primary dentition. Quintessence Int 2007; 38:853-858. [PMID: 18197325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Ectodermal dysplasia is a rare congenital hereditary entity. The most commonly observed forms of ectodermal dysplasia are the hidrotic and hypohidrotic types; discrimination is based on the absence or presence of sweat glands. In this report, a child with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia having true anodontia of the primary dentition is presented. Physical, mental, and intraoral examinations were performed. Photographs and occlusal and panoramic radiographs were taken. A medical consultation and biopsies were requested. Mentally, the patient was normal. His hair and eyebrows were light colored and sparse. He had frontal bossing, a saddle nose, reduced vertical facial dimension, and prominent supraorbital ridges and chin. Radiographs revealed absence of all primary and permanent teeth except the bilaterally unerupted maxillary permanent canines. An armpit biopsy specimen revealed the absence of eccrine and apocrine glands. A removable prosthesis was made to satisfy the patient's esthetic and functional needs. The absence of primary teeth (true anodontia) is a rare phenomenon. It is claimed that primary teeth must be present for the development of their permanent successors. In the present case, however, the permanent canines existed despite the absence of their predecessors. Dental clinicians can be the first to diagnose ectodermal dysplasia. The dental team should be aware of its signs and symptoms in order to provide the correct therapies for the functional and psychologic needs of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydan Açikgöz
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Başkent, Ankara, Turkey
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Rad AS, Siadat H, Monzavi A, Mangoli AA. Full mouth rehabilitation of a hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia patient with dental implants: a clinical report. J Prosthodont 2007; 16:209-13. [PMID: 17581183 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2006.00173.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prosthodontic treatment in patients with ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is difficult to manage because of the oral deficiencies typical in this disorder and because afflicted individuals are quite young when they are evaluated for treatment. This clinical report describes an 18-year-old patient with hypohidrotic ED treated with dental implants. Treatment included a maxillary implant overdenture and a mandibular hybrid prosthesis supported by osseointegrated implants. At the one-year follow-up, the patient presented significant improvements in oral function and psychosocial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Shahrokhi Rad
- Dental Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Ghods Street, Keshavarz Boulevard, Tehran, Iran 141555583.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is the most common type of ectodermal dysplasia. The clinical identification of possible heterozygous females can be difficult because of the varying degrees of clinical signs caused by X-chromosome inactivation. This study is the first to elaborate on anomalies of tooth formation found in a group of hemizygous males and heterozygous females with known ED1 mutations. These tooth anomalies may be used as dental biomarkers for heterozygous females, enabling an earlier diagnosis, and therefore, better treatment and genetic counselling. METHODS Anomalies of tooth formation were examined using panoramic radiographs, dental casts and oral photographs in hemizygous males and heterozygous females who were identified by molecular genetic analysis. The results were compared to existing controls and normative data. RESULTS All affected males had multiple missing permanent teeth and tooth malformations. The heterozygous females had a significantly higher frequency of agenesis of permanent teeth compared to normative data. The heterozygous females had an increased prevalence of tooth malformations and reduced tooth size, especially in the mesiodistal dimension. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that observed anomalies of tooth formation may be used as dental biomarkers in the clinical identification of potentially heterozygous females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michala O Lexner
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Vieira KA, Teixeira MS, Guirado CG, Gavião MBD. Prosthodontic treatment of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with complete anodontia: case report. Quintessence Int 2007; 38:75-80. [PMID: 17216912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The hereditary condition known as ectodermal dysplasia is characterized by the absence or defect of 2 or more ectodermally derived structures. A case of a 6-year-old child with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with complete anodontia is presented. Common dental, oral, and physical conditions were taken into consideration. Clinical management consisted of removable complete dentures to improve psychologic development and to promote better functioning of the stomatognathic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlla Almeida Vieira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Barbería E, Saavedra D, Arenas M, Maroto M. Multiple agenesis and anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a comparative longitudinal study of dental similarities and genetic differences in two groups of children. Eur J Paediatr Dent 2006; 7:113-21. [PMID: 17078733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM Dental anomalies in shape and number may be present isolated or associated with other manifestations. In anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia they occur more frequently and severely. The authors examined a group of children with similar dental anomalies but no other ectodermal or extra-ectodermal signs. METHODS This study makes a comparative evaluation of similarities and differences of dental anomalies between two groups: A anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia and B similar dental finding but without extra- dental anomalies. RESULTS In group A, the average number of agenesis in primary teeth was 3.5 (upper) and 5.33 (lower); in permanent teeth it was 5.4 and 5.8, respectively. In group B, the average was 1.62 (upper) and 0.25 (lower) in primary teeth, and 4.0 and 4.25 in permanent teeth respectively, with no constant pattern of occurrence. The study of tooth morphology of both groups revealed numerous anomalies in both dentitions. No differences were found in the average number of agenesis and morphological anomalies in the permanent teeth between both groups, but in the primary dentition group B presented a lower degree of incidence. CONCLUSION The presence of almost normal primary dentition (regarding to number), but with morphological anomalies, should lead to suspect their exacerbation in the permanent dentition.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Barbería
- Department of Prophylaxis, Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Madrid Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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Shigli A, Reddy RPV, Hugar SM, Deshpande D. Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia: a unique approach to esthetic and prosthetic management: a case report. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2005; 23:31-4. [PMID: 15858304 DOI: 10.4103/0970-4388.16024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia is a rare congenital disease that affects several ectodermal structures. The condition is usually transmitted as an x-linked recessive trait, in which gene is carried by the females and manifested in males. Manifestations of the disease differ in severity and involve teeth, skin, hair, nails and sweat and sebaceous gland. Ectodermal dysplasia is usually a difficult condition to manage. Prosthodontically, because of the typical oral deficiencies, and afflicted individuals are quite young to receive extensive prosthodontic treatment, which restores their appearance and helps them, for the development of positive self-image. This case report describes the management of upper jaw with over denture with copings on existing teeth i.e. two permanent peg shaped centrals as well as lateral incisors. However with adequate of retainer lower denture was provided with a new treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shigli
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, K.L.E.S′s Institute of Dental Sciences, Belgaum-590 010, India
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