[Dental focal infection. Literature review]

The author gives an account of the history of the dental foci from the ancient times up to the present day, together with the change of the concept of dental foci and their modern interpretation. The article points out the shift in the assessment of the importance of focal infection. It gives a detailed account of the focal infection of dental origin, as well as the consequence of such inflammation. Mentions the phenomenon of tropism and its role in the development of secondary diseases. The article is based upon an excessive literature.

Odontogenic infection pathway to the submandibular space: imaging assessment

The aims of this study were to determine the pathways of odontogenic infection spread into the submandibular space and their relationship to the clinical symptoms. Computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images of 33 patients with submandibular involvement were analyzed. The spread of infection was evaluated by lateral asymmetry of the shape and density of the fascial spaces and tissues, and by obliteration of the interfascial fat spaces. Imaging findings were classified into three types: in 19 patients (57.6%), infection spread through the mylohyoid muscle or sublingual space (type I). In five patients (15.2%), infection spread through the bony structures of the mandible with periosteal reaction or perforation of the cortical plate (type II) and was associated with relatively mild symptoms. In four patients (12.1%), infection spread from the masticatory space (type III). Seven of 11 patients with dysphagia or fever showed submandibular involvement spreading into the parapharyngeal space. CT and MR imaging clearly demonstrated different pathways of the spread of odontogenic infection into the submandibular space, which influenced the manifestation of clinical symptoms.

Surgical management of orofacial infections

This overview of the surgical management of orofacial odontogenic infections is designed as a practical guide for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Fortunately, the incidence of serious odontogenic infections is decreasing. This decreased frequency, however, necessitates diligent study and mental preparation in advance of the emergent situations in which such cases present.