1
|
Lossio J, Iguiñiz-Romero R, Robledo P. For the good of the nation: scientific discourses endorsing the medicalization of childbirth in Peru, 1900-1940. Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos 2018; 25:943-957. [PMID: 30624474 DOI: 10.1590/s0104-59702018000500004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the course of the twentieth century, a series of changes occurred in the understanding of childbirth, which went from being a natural reproductive phenomenon belonging to the female, domestic sphere to a professional medical matter handled in an institutional setting. Through procedures like the use of anesthesia, Cesarean sections, ultrasound and other techno-scientific interventions, rapid and significant improvements and changes took place in the health and life of society and of women. The medicalization of childbirth in the early twentieth century was part of a broader process of constructing the state and institutionalizing the patriarchy that was common throughout the region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Lossio
- Profesor, Departamento de Humanidades/ Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Lima - Provincia de Lima - Perú
| | - Ruth Iguiñiz-Romero
- Profesora e investigadora, Facultad de Salud Pública y Administración/Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. San Martín de Porres- Provincia de Lima - Perú
| | - Pilar Robledo
- Bachiller en Lingüística y Literatura, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú . Lima - Provincia de Lima - Perú
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
|
3
|
Beal J. Martha Mears: Nature's Midwife. Midwifery Today Int Midwife 2016:46-48. [PMID: 29911848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
|
4
|
Maxwell D. Obstetric mutilations. 1915. Practitioner 2015; 259:30. [PMID: 26062272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
|
5
|
Brett I. History of Midwifery in Japan. Midwifery Today Int Midwife 2015:58-60. [PMID: 26281532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
|
6
|
Beal J. Elizabeth Nihell: A Feisty English Midwife (1723-1776). Midwifery Today Int Midwife 2015:56-57. [PMID: 26281531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
|
7
|
Davis P. Granny's hands. Midwives 2015; 18:74-75. [PMID: 26665801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
|
8
|
Beal J. Sarah Stone: An Early-modern English Midwife. Midwifery Today Int Midwife 2015:50-52. [PMID: 26309936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
|
9
|
Bosanquet A. Inspiration from the past (5). Martha Mears, nature worshipper. Pract Midwife 2010; 13:34-36. [PMID: 20162889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
|
10
|
Bosanquet A. Inspiration from the past (4). Margaret Stephen, protector of the profession. Pract Midwife 2009; 12:31-32. [PMID: 20063576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
|
11
|
Bosanquet A. Inspiration from the past (3). Elizabeth Nihell, the 'anti-obstetric' midwife. Pract Midwife 2009; 12:46-48. [PMID: 19947052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
|
12
|
Bosanquet A. Inspiration from the past (2). Sarah Stone, the enlightenment midwife. Pract Midwife 2009; 12:31-32. [PMID: 19899284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
|
13
|
Lammes FB, Walvoort HC. [Comfort after a sad outcome of pregnancy. Two letters of Frederick the Great to Wilhelmina of Prussia]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2009; 153:A1196. [PMID: 20051174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
After her unfortunate experience of parturition Princess Wilhelmina of Prussia, married to stadhouder Prince Willem V, received two letters of comfort from her beloved godfather King Frederick II (Frederick the Great) of Prussia. These letters illustrate the special close connection there was between them. The letters also give a view on the difficult question of giving comfort after perinatal death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frits B Lammes
- Verloskunde en Gynaecologie aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pitkin RM. Maternal mortality and world history. The case of Princess Charlotte of Wales. Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Med Soc 2009:22-34. [PMID: 19263650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
|
15
|
Kimber L. Massage techniques in labour. 1997. Pract Midwife 2007; 10:54-56. [PMID: 17990697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
|
16
|
|
17
|
|
18
|
Abstract
Williams was the founder of academic obstetrics in the United States and with his textbook was the recognised leader of this discipline in America during the first 30 years of the 20th century.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P M Dunn
- Department of Child Health, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital, Southmead, Bristol BS10 5BN, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mateos Fournier M. [Surgical consequences that can complicate pregnancy or labor evolution. 1951]. Ginecol Obstet Mex 2006; 74:179-83. [PMID: 16886762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
|
20
|
Haimov-Kochman R, Sciaky-Tamir Y, Hurwitz A. Reproduction concepts and practices in ancient Egypt mirrored by modern medicine. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2006; 123:3-8. [PMID: 15916845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2005.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2004] [Accepted: 03/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The treasured ancient papyri provide a glimpse into understanding of common concepts and practices in ancient Egypt. The Kahun gynecological papyrus and other texts unveil the traditions of reproduction, conception and delivery. This article addresses the rationale of beliefs and practices of that era. Frequently, the reason for common traditions exercised at the time is based on medical knowledge of female anatomy and physiology during pregnancy. Surprisingly some of the remedies commonly used in ancient Egypt were recently explored and found intriguing. This paper was aimed to look at the reflection of archaic practices and concepts of ancient Egypt by the modern mirror of evidence-based medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Haimov-Kochman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Mt. Scopus, P.O. Box 24035, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Caruso C, Marinozzi S. [Surgical instruments for impossible births in the Museum of History of Medicine in Roma]. Med Secoli 2006; 18:639-655. [PMID: 17992858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The Museum of History of Medicine of Rome collects gynaecological and obstetrical instruments. Forceps and embriotomy instruments illustrate the evolution of a sort of an "obstetrical speciality", from antiquity to XIX century. The article focuses mainly on the gradual transformation of forceps's use, from abortive to useful instrument for childbirth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Caruso
- Sezione di Storia della Medicina, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", I
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Lammes FB. [Enigmas surrounding an obstetric forceps belonging to Albertus Titsingh (1714-1790)]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2005; 149:2910-20. [PMID: 16402520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In the collections of the Society of the Dutch Journal of Medicine there is a small box containing a small obstetric forceps modelled on that of the British physician Smellie and some documents with information about its origin. The instrument belonged to the Amsterdam surgeon-obstetrician Albertus Titsingh and is claimed in the documentation to have been used during the birth of the later King William I (1772-1843) in 1772. However, historical research indicates that this is very unlikely: it is an established fact that the birth of William I was rapid and successful, while Albertus Titsingh was an authoritative obstetrician in an 'obstetric climate' of biding one's time and taking no action until the natural powers have failed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F B Lammes
- Verloskunde en Gynaecologie aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam, Peppinghof 3, 1391 BA Abcoude.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Macgregor JD. Disease in Africa: a medical perspective from the 1950s. Vesalius 2004; 10:67-73. [PMID: 15822252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
So much attention is focused on the current HIV/AIDS epidemic in Africa that there is a tendency to overlook the grievous burden of disease from which the peoples of that Continent have suffered for centuries. This paper, based on letters sent in 1953/54 by a young doctor in Sierra Leone to his parents in Scotland, together with extracts from Makeni Hospital records of the same period, provides a factual account of front-line medicine in West Africa half a century ago.
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Lammes FB. [Gaubius' description of the first parturition of Wilhelmina of Prussia in 1769; 'The unlucky birth of the princess mijne gemaelinne']. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2004; 148:583-91. [PMID: 15074183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
In the archives of the Dutch royal family there is a hitherto unknown report of a childbirth by the Leiden court physician Prof. H.D. Gaubius, in which he provides a detailed description, in French, of the first, prolonged and unfortunate parturition, in 1769, of Wilhelmina of Prussia, the wife of the hereditary stadholder Willem V. There was apparently a discrepancy between the presenting head and the size of the birth canal. Initially, an expectant policy was followed in the hope that the natural course of events would prevail, but ultimately and after due consideration it was decided to terminate the expulsion by means of a Van Roonhuysen lever, the vectis; this procedure was carried out by the Amsterdam obstetrician Albertus Titsingh. It turned out that the infant had died during delivery. Following the spontaneous delivery of the placenta, the puerperium proceeded without complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F B Lammes
- Universiteit van Amsterdam, Peppinghof 3, 1391 BA Abcoude.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline M de Costa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cairns Base Hospital, PO Box 902, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Presentation and comment on the problematic delivery of the Byzantine empress Eudoxia's stillborn child. STUDY DESIGN The original Greek language Byzantine histories, chronicles and hagiographical sources were investigated. Comparisons were then made of the knowledge of obstetrics among contemporary and ancient physicians. RESULTS The case of Eudoxia's delivery is described in various literary sources with details regarding the fatal clinical picture of the parturient after the embryo's death. The study of early and contemporary medical texts proves that in similar cases conservative treatment was preferred but embryotomy was followed in the event of failure. CONCLUSIONS Eudoxia's labour represents a characteristic paradigm of the difficulties involved in the confrontation of complicated deliveries in mediaeval times, often resulting in the death of both the mother and embryo. The treatments follow the ancient Hippocratic, Hellenistic and Roman traditions and influence medieval European medicine, thus constituting significant roots of obstetrics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Lascaratos
- Department of the History of Medicine, Medical School, National Athens University, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bergström I. [To picture pregnancy and birth--is it allowed?]. Lakartidningen 2002; 99:3316-9. [PMID: 12362852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
|
29
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper reviews the literature on obstetric complications as a risk factor for schizophrenia. The authors trace the evolution of this literature through different methods and carry out a quantitative review of the results from prospective, population-based studies. METHOD Relevant papers were identified by a MEDLINE search, by examination of reference lists of published papers, and through personal contact with researchers in the field. Studies were grouped in chronological order according to common themes or methods. Meta-analytic techniques were used to summarize the findings of prospective population-based studies. RESULTS The meta-analytic synthesis of the prospective population-based studies revealed that three groups of complications were significantly associated with schizophrenia: 1) complications of pregnancy (bleeding, diabetes, rhesus incompatibility, preeclampsia); 2) abnormal fetal growth and development: (low birthweight, congenital malformations, reduced head circumference), and 3) complications of delivery (uterine atony, asphyxia, emergency Cesarean section). Pooled estimates of effect sizes were generally less than 2. CONCLUSIONS Current methods of investigating the relationship between obstetric complications and schizophrenia are reaching the limit of their usefulness. Lack of statistical power to measure small and interactive effects and lack of detailed information about the prenatal period are major problems with current approaches. A combination of disciplines and approaches will be needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these small but important associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Cannon
- Division of Psychological Medicine P063, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lascaratos J, Lazaris D, Kreatsas G. A complicated labour in 404 AD. Lancet 2002; 359:2042. [PMID: 12076589 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08810-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
31
|
Patzak B, Schaller A. [3-dimensional models of actual or simulated cesarean sections]. Wien Med Wochenschr 2002; 151:315-8. [PMID: 11582996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Following upon an etymological and historical introduction, this report refers to two three-dimensional wax models of Caesarean sections, which have recently been acquired by the Pathological-anatomical Federal Museum in Vienna. Information is given on origin, dating and kind of production; questions of indication and operation technique, and--when in doubt--obduction technique, are being considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Patzak
- Pathologisch-anatomisches Bundesmuseum Wien, Spitalgasse 2, A-1090 Wien.
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ryan JG. The chapel and the operating room: the struggle of Roman Catholic clergy, physicians, and believers with the dilemmas of obstetric surgery, 1800-1900. Bull Hist Med 2002; 76:461-494. [PMID: 12486914 DOI: 10.1353/bhm.2002.0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
By 1800, the Roman Catholic Church and organized medicine faced the dilemma of how to resolve cases of obstructed births. American physicians usually practiced destructive operations, like craniotomy, in an attempt to save the lives of mothers. The church allowed such operations after the death of the infant. A new technique of surgery, the cesarean operation, offered hope that both patients would survive childbirth. Medical progress, and an emerging Catholic belief that the fetus was human, prompted Catholic physicians to advocate the new operation, and stirred a renewed debate among European theologians on the propriety of craniotomy. In America, the broad Christian tradition promoted by the Catholic Church began to inform medicine on the moral and ethical parameters of surgery. American physicians, for their part, engaged in their own debate on the propriety of the cesarean operation. This article, focusing on the cesarean debate, reveals the intersections of Catholicism and medical progress amid the growth of obstetric surgery from 1800 to 1900.
Collapse
|
33
|
Jaensch R. The bladder-womb fistula. 1866. J Mol Med (Berl) 2001; 79:551. [PMID: 11712523 DOI: 10.1007/s001090100283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
34
|
Schreiber MH. Birthright. Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Med Soc 2001; 63:32-4. [PMID: 11011563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M H Schreiber
- University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston School of Medicine, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sahmland I. [Ethics of medical management of inability to give birth. Johannes Stahelin and his plea for embryotomy]. Gesnerus 2001; 58:308-328. [PMID: 11810983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Confronted with the inability to give birth to a child, delivery could be achieved by embryotomy--that was only permitted, when the foetus was dead--or by Caesarean section--where the chance to save mother and child as well was merely theoretical until the end of the 19th century. In two statements of the Theological Faculty of the Sorbonne in Paris embryotomy was absolutely rejected (1648), in nearly all cases of impossible delivery the Caesarean section was required (1733). In 1749 Johannes Stähelin starts a daring attempt to justify embryotomy by application of natural law to the situation of critical childbirth. Keywords of the theological statements are confronted with categories of the natural law in a sophisticated way, nevertheless the basis of Christian confession is maintained. This argumentation in order to justify embryotomy as a lawful method to deliver a woman seemed to be more adequate to the medical sphere than claiming the Caesarean section. The ethical debate continued until the problem was solved by mastering Caesarean section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Sahmland
- Institut für Geschichte der Medizin, Jheringstrasse 6, D-35392 Giessen
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Vuille M. [The birth of "painless childbirth"]. Rev Med Suisse Romande 2000; 120:991-8. [PMID: 11211350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Vuille
- Centre de Recherche Médecine, Sciences, Santé et Société, 182, Boulevard de la Villette, F-75019 Paris.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
Abstract
It was not Julius Caesar who was born by Caesarean section, as generally assumed, but Scipio Cornelius Africanus, who subdued Spain 100 years before Caesar's time. In chambers with walls of porphyrite, the Byzantine empresses used to give birth to the heirs to the throne. In England, the infertility of Queen Anne, who suffered from porphyria, led to the succession of the Protestant House of Hannover following the Catholic Stuarts. Christina of Sweden, called 'queen of baroque, rebel and scholar', was born in the 'caul'. At the age of 39 years, Johanna of Pfirt, married to Albrecht the Lame, secured the continuation of the Habsburg dynasty by giving birth to Rudolf the Founder. Maria Theresia, who had 16 children, was called 'mother-in-law of Europe'. She was delivered of her first child at the age of 19. The death of her sister Maria-Anna in childbed was one of the reasons why Gerard van Swieten was called to Vienna. Elisabeth of Württemberg, first wife of Franz I of Austria, died, not as a consequence of. but after a forceps operation carried out by Johann Lukas Boër. In England, Princess Charlotte, daughter of George IV, and her baby son died at the delivery; Sir Richard Croft, who had not used the forceps, committed suicide after this tragic incident. Being the next in succession, Victoria ascended the throne. The term 'narcose au chloroforme' (first used by James Young Simpson) was changed to 'narcose à la reine' after this method had been used at the birth of Victoria's eighth child by John Snow. It was Queen Victoria, who passed on haemophilia in European dynasties. When Marie Louise of Habsburg had her first child, Napoleon's son, the later Duke of Reichstadt, Antoine Dubois had to perform a turning of the transverse presentation and use the forceps on the head following after. The birth of Napoleon himself was a case of precipitate labour. Johann Klein, the successor of Boër, applied the forceps when Archduchess Sophie was delivered of her first child, the later Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria, the first of the four 'salt princes'. The later Emperor Wilhelm II of Prussia was delivered by Eduard Arnold Martin the Elder, the obstetrician of Princess Victoria, the eldest daughter of Queen Victoria; the breech presentation became even more complicated by the raised arms of the child. Both latter monarchs had been 'asphyctic' after their birth. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was also among those who were apparently dead after their birth.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Cesarean Section/history
- Europe
- Extraction, Obstetrical/history
- Famous Persons
- Female
- History, 15th Century
- History, 16th Century
- History, 17th Century
- History, 18th Century
- History, 19th Century
- History, 20th Century
- History, Ancient
- History, Medieval
- Humans
- Infant, Newborn
- Obstetric Labor Complications/history
- Pregnancy
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Schaller
- Abteilung für Pränatale Diagnostik und Therapie, Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde Wien, Osterreich
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
Injuries to the urinary bladder with development of a fistula during birth were first mentioned around 1030 AD in the opus called 'Al-Kanoun' by the Arabic physician and philosopher Avicenna (Ali Ibn Sina). The observations of D.E. Derry in the mummy of Henhenit seem to have made sure that this obstetric complication already existed earlier on. Henhenit lived at the court of king Mentuhotep II (around 2050 BC). During the second half of the 19th century injury-related and necrosis-related fistulas were distinguished for the first time. Jobert de Lamballe (1852), Marion Sims (1852), and Gustav Simon (1854) created the basis for successful operative treatment of vesicovaginal fistulas.
Collapse
|
40
|
Mörgeli C, Schulz S. [Repeat cesarean delivery by the Zurich city wound physician Johann Jakob Locher 1817/18]. Gesnerus 1996; 53:194-216. [PMID: 9091421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Caesarean delivery was rarely practised in the early nineteenth century and was considered highly dangerous, being both technically and morally controversial. In view of this, Johann Jakob Locher's performance of two consecutive caesareans attracted international attention. Not only contemporary printed literature, but also the archive material and specimens presented in this journal for the first time provide a uniquely detailed account of the operations. The University of Zurich's Institute and Museum of the History of Medicine were able to acquire the preserved pelvis of the patient in 1983.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Mörgeli
- Medizinhistorisches Institut und Museum, Universität Zürich
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Affiliation(s)
- P M Dunn
- Department of Child Health, University of Bristol, Southmead Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
The rediscovery of a female pelvis with features characteristic of osteomalacia stimulated an enquiry into the clinical history of the woman involved. It was established that she died in 1820, aged 30. Despite being severely debilitated and confined to bed for some years with increasing skeletal deformities, she became pregnant, and in due course laboured unsuccessfully for about 102 hours. An elective caesarean section was performed, but she died some hours later, though her daughter survived and was appropriately christened Caesar Anna. This represents one of the earliest cases in which the caesarean operation was performed where the full obstetric history was carefully recorded by the obstetrician involved, Dr. Henderson of Perth. The case was clearly considered important, and in 1836 engravings of this pelvis were used to illustrate Professor Hamilton's "Practical Observations of Various Subjects Related to Midwifery". Such cases are now of great rarity in the developed world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H Kaufman
- Department of Anatomy, University of Edinburgh Medical School
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Iffy L. [Labor ending in triple tragedy]. Orv Hetil 1992; 133:2997. [PMID: 1437125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
44
|
Kulakov VI, Chernukha EA, Komissarova LM, Puchko TK. [Evolution of surgical delivery during the past 35 years according to the data of the All-Union Research Center for Maternal and Child Health of the Ministry of Public Health of the USSR]. Akush Ginekol (Mosk) 1989:13-8. [PMID: 2660617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A distinct evolution of surgical delivery has been demonstrated over the past 35 years. In the past decade, the proportion of surgical deliveries has grown considerably owing to the increasing rate of cesarean sections. In most cases, the operation is performed for combined indications and, quite frequently, for the sake of the fetus. Perinatal parameters have improved while there has been no clear-cut correlation between the increasing rate of cesarean section and declining perinatal mortality. Further development of rational labor management principles is necessary.
Collapse
|
45
|
Dumont M. [History of a fall. Prolapse of the umbilical cord]. Rev Fr Gynecol Obstet 1989; 84:52. [PMID: 2648546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
46
|
Friedman AJ, Kohorn EI, Nuland SB. Did Princess Charlotte die of pulmonary embolism? Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1988; 95:683-8. [PMID: 3046650 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1988.tb06530.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The cause of death of the Princess Charlotte of Wales in 1817 has been attributed to postpartum haemorrhage. Although an autopsy was performed, pulmonary embolism was not diagnosed because this condition was not recognized until 1846, but the clinical description of her last hours clearly points to pulmonary embolization as the most likely cause of death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Friedman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Steiner PE, Lushbaugh CC. Landmark article, Oct. 1941: Maternal pulmonary embolism by amniotic fluid as a cause of obstetric shock and unexpected deaths in obstetrics. By Paul E. Steiner and C. C. Lushbaugh. JAMA 1986; 255:2187-203. [PMID: 3514978 DOI: 10.1001/jama.255.16.2187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
48
|
Dumont M. [The ill-fated delivery and death of Princess Charlotte of England 6 November 1817]. Rev Fr Gynecol Obstet 1985; 80:121-4. [PMID: 3885368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
What took place following the delivery of princess Charlotte of England's 4 000 gm stillborn infant? Two hours after manual removal of the placenta she suddenly developed malaise and weakness, followed by somnolence then agitation, with progressive worsening and death. Professor Dumont comments on the accounts describing this event at that time in history and offers a retrospective diagnosis.
Collapse
|
49
|
Farber G. Another old Babylonian childbirth incantation. J Near East Stud 1984; 43:311-6. [PMID: 16468193 DOI: 10.1086/373092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
|
50
|
Maltau JM, Grünfeld B. [Maternal mortality in Norway 1880-1979. A medico-historical review]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 1983; 103:522-5. [PMID: 6346581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
|