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Sharma S, Boston SE, Mosley C, Boylan M. Internal hemipelvectomy with ischiectomy, partial acetabulectomy, and femoral head and neck excision in a cat with a pelvic osteochondroma. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2021; 259:401-405. [PMID: 34337962 DOI: 10.2460/javma.259.4.401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 2-year-old 5.1-kg (11.2-lb) castrated male Siberian cat was examined because of a history of an abnormal right pelvic limb gait and a 4- to 5-month history of progressive constipation. Radiographs obtained by the referring veterinarian showed an osteoproductive and osteolytic bony lesion that involved the right ischium and filled the obturator foramen. CLINICAL FINDINGS A hard mass was palpable in the right inguinal area, and rectal examination revealed a smooth bony mass on the ventral aspect of the right pelvic floor with marked reduction in the pelvic canal space. A 3.9 × 3 × 4.6-cm, mineralized mass bridging the right obturator foramen was present on CT images. The ventral component of the mass was slightly larger than its dorsal component, and lysis of the right pubic bone was present. There was no obvious soft tissue involvement. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME A limb salvage procedure involving internal hemipelvectomy with ipsilateral ischiectomy, contralateral partial ischiectomy, ipsilateral partial acetabulectomy, and femoral head and neck excision was performed. Histologic examination revealed that the mass was an osteochondroma. The cat recovered well and had good functional limb use immediately after surgery. The cat was still alive 1 year after surgery with good limb use. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Internal hemipelvectomy involving ischiectomy, partial acetabulectomy, and femoral head and neck excision can result in a good functional outcome in cats if the procedure is planned appropriately with a full understanding of the regional anatomy and adherence to surgical oncologic principles.
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Hawley MM, Johnson LR, Johnson EG, Pascoe PJ, Murphy BG. Endoscopic treatment of an intrathoracic tracheal osteochondroma in a dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2015; 247:1303-8. [PMID: 26594814 DOI: 10.2460/javma.247.11.1303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 1.5-year-old spayed female Bernese Mountain Dog was examined for a 6-month history of intermittent vomiting, regurgitation, wheezing, and coughing. Initially, a diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease with secondary aspiration pneumonitis was made but clinical signs did not resolve with treatment. CLINICAL FINDINGS Thoracic and cervical radiography and CT revealed a sessile, irregularly marginated soft tissue opacity at the level of the fourth rib. Results of a CBC, serum biochemical analysis, and urinalysis were within reference limits. Results of abdominal ultrasonography were normal. TREATMENT AND OUTCOME Tracheoscopy revealed a firm, irregularly marginated mass apparently originating from the ventral aspect of the trachea, occluding approximately one-half of the tracheal lumen, and located 2 cm cranial to the carina. Cytologic and histopathologic examination of fine-needle aspirate and biopsy samples suggested a benign etiology; therefore, endoscopic minimally invasive laser and electrocautery resection of the mass was scheduled. A total IV anesthetic protocol was administered with an oxygen-air mixture used to decrease the risk of fire during tracheal surgery. The mass was successfully resected, and histopathologic examination confirmed a diagnosis of osteochondroma. Clinical signs resolved, and at follow-up 32 months later, no regrowth of the mass was evident. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Tracheoscopy-guided electrocautery and surgical diode laser resection was successful in removing an obstructive tracheal mass that was not resectable by means of a conventional open surgical approach. Minimally invasive procedures may decrease morbidity and mortality and improve outcome in appropriately selected small animal patients.
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Hope KL, Boedeker NC, Gordon SS, Walsh TF. Solitary Osteochondroma in a Ring-Tailed Lemur (Lemur catta). Comp Med 2015; 65:348-351. [PMID: 26310465 PMCID: PMC4549681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A 20-y-old, male, ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) presented with a large, firm mass on the proximal caudolateral left femur. The animal displayed no clinical signs associated with the mass. Radiographs revealed a mineralized mass protruding from the femur, with an intact femoral cortex. Histopathology diagnosed osteochondroma in view of the presence of a peripheral layer of cartilage with progressive endochondral ossification and typical remodeling of bony trabeculae. The mass grew quickly after the initial biopsy, and a second surgery to debulk 95% of the tumor was performed. Histopathologic features of the larger samples were similar to those of the initial biopsies, with the cartilage layer being discontinuous and development of bone from some borders progressing directly from a periost-like layer. Nineteen months after the second surgery, the mass had regrown and extended further proximally on the femur toward the epiphysis, but the animal remained asymptomatic, and additional debulking was not attempted. This report is the first description of an osteochondroma in a prosimian and describes unique behavior of the tumor compared with osteochondromas found in humans, dogs, and cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine L Hope
- Wildlife Health Sciences, Smithsonian's National Zoological Park, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
| | - Nancy C Boedeker
- Wildlife Health Sciences, Smithsonian's National Zoological Park, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | | | - Timothy F Walsh
- Wildlife Health Sciences, Smithsonian's National Zoological Park, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Wood BC, Grant DC, McKlveen TL. What is your diagnosis? Several smoothly marginated, mineralized lesions cranial, lateral and caudal to the distal portion of the left femur. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2002; 221:939-40. [PMID: 12369694 DOI: 10.2460/javma.2002.221.939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett C Wood
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg 24061, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- K Marioni
- Department of Small Animal Surgery and Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849-5523, USA
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Abstract
A 6 month-old dog was examined for progressive paraparesis. On physical examination bony malformations were palpated over the cranial lumbar vertebral bodies and on the left metatarsal bone. Neuroanatomic lesion localization for the paraparesis was a T3-L3 spinal cord lesion. Radiographs confirmed bony masses at L1-L2 and on the left 3rd metatarsal bone. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed from T3-L3. Severe spinal cord compression was identified at L1-L2. Surgical decompression and biopsy confirmed the mass to be cartilaginous exostoses. This paper is an example of cartilaginous exostoses imaged with MR.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Silver
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Pullman 99164-7060, USA
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Bhatti S, Van Ham L, Putcuyps I, De Bosschere H, Polis I, Van Goethem B. Atlantoaxial cartilaginous exostosis causing spinal cord compression in a mature Bernese mountain dog. J Small Anim Pract 2001; 42:79-81. [PMID: 11263703 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2001.tb01997.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cartilaginous exostosis developed in the atlantoaxial region of a three-and-a-half-year-old Bernese mountain dog. The dog exhibited ataxia in the hindlimbs and flailing movements in the forelimbs. On survey radiographs of the cervical spine there was a focal calcified mass between the dorsal arch of the atlas and the spinous process of the axis. Lumbar myelography revealed severe dorsal spinal cord compression. The mass was removed surgically and the dog made a complete recovery. Histopathology of the excised mass was consistent with a diagnosis of cartilaginous exostosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bhatti
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Clinical Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghent, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Affiliation(s)
- P Boydell
- Animal Medical Centre Referral Services, Chorlton, Manchester
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Stenfors LE, Sade J, Hellström S, Anniko M, Folkow L. Exostoses and cavernous venous formation in the external auditory canal of the hooded seal as a functional physiological organ. Acta Otolaryngol 2000; 120:940-3. [PMID: 11200588 DOI: 10.1080/00016480050218663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Exostoses of the external auditory canal (EAC) develop after protracted mechanical, chemical or thermal irritation in particular. This is a common disorder among aquatic sportsmen and has been considered unique to Man. We dissected and photodocumented the EACs of 5 newborn and 3 adult Hooded Seals (Cystophora cristata). Serial sections of the EACs were prepared for light microscopic evaluation after staining with haematoxylin-eosin or toluidine blue. All EACs exhibited a firm, broad-based. mountain peak-shaped exostosis on the floor of the meatus, lateral to the eardrum. In addition, the meatal skin of the bony EAC harboured large venous sinuses. The exostosis and venous sinuses of the seal EAC participate in the protection of the sensitive hearing apparatus, particularly the pars tensa portion of the drum, during divine.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Stenfors
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tromsø, Norway.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Secombe
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Abstract
Canine osteochondroma is an uncommon bony tumor that arises in skeletally immature animals. Consequently, clinical signs typically occur in young dogs as a result of impingement of normal structures by the tumor. Radiographically, osteochondromas are benign in appearance. They are well circumscribed and cause no bony lysis nor periosteal proliferation. Osteochondromas may occur in two forms; solitary or multiple. Although histology and biologic behavior are identical, when in the multiple form the condition has been termed multiple cartilaginous exostoses. Malignant transformation of multiple cartilaginous exostoses has been reported in three mature dogs. We report two dogs with malignant transformation of solitary spinal osteochondromas. Both underwent transformation to osteosarcoma. Despite the benign radiographic appearance of osteochondromas and multiple cartilaginous exostoses, clinical signs should alert the clinician to the possibility of malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Green
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Veterinary Medicine, 53706, USA
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Weissengruber G, Loupal G. Osteochondroma of the tracheal wall in a Fischer's lovebird (Agapornis fischeri, Reichenow 1887). Avian Dis 1999; 43:155-9. [PMID: 10216774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
A Fischer's lovebird with dyspnea and stridorous breathing was examined by endoscopy. Tracheal stenosis was observed slightly cranial of the middle of the cervical segment. Histologically, an osteochondroma was identified as the cause of this stenosis. This is the first description of a tracheal osteochondroma in a bird.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Weissengruber
- Clinic for Poultry and Pet Birds, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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Rungsipipat A, Yamaguchi R, Naganobu K, Iwamoto K, Uchida K, Tateyama S, Kurogi T, Katayama N. A bone tumour resembling bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation in a wallaby. Aust Vet J 1998; 76:561-4. [PMID: 9741726 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1998.tb10218.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Rungsipipat
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Kibanadai, Japan
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Southwood LL, Stashak TS, Fehr JE, Ray C. Lateral approach for endoscopic removal of solitary osteochondromas from the distal radial metaphysis in three horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997; 210:1166-8. [PMID: 9108924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A lateral approach to the carpal sheath was used for endoscopic removal of osteochondromas from the distal aspect of the radius in 3 horses. Previously osteochondromas have been removed through an incision into the carpal sheath; however, endoscopy is less invasive, requires less surgery and convalescence time, provides better cosmetic results, is associated with a lower risk of infection, and allows better examination of structures within the sheath. A medial approach for endoscopic removal has been described previously; however, the lateral approach was advantageous, because it avoided the median vein, artery, and nerve and because the sheath was more easily distended from the lateral approach. Therefore, this approach may be an alternative for removal of osteochondromas from the distal aspect of the radius in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Southwood
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, USA
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Adair HS, Duncan RB, Toal RL. Solitary osteochondroma of the nasal bone in a horse. Cornell Vet 1994; 84:25-31. [PMID: 8313704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A 3-year-old Appaloosa stallion with a 4 cm x 4 cm x 2.5 cm mass protruding from his nasal bone was evaluated. Radiographs revealed an osseous mass, with a radiopaque outer margin and several radiolucent areas within the body of the mass. The mass was surgically removed and evaluated histopathologically. The histopathological diagnosis was osteochondroma. This case represent the first reported occurrence of an osteochondroma arising from intramembraneous bone in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Adair
- Department of Rural Practice, University of Tennessee, College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville 37901-1071
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Abstract
A lakeland terrier puppy had progressive hindlimb ataxia associated with pain in the thoracic spine. Plain radiographs revealed a lesion affecting the dorsal neural arch of the fourth thoracic vertebra and myelography revealed compression of the spinal cord associated with the lesion. Surgical excision of the mass cured the dog's clinical signs. A histopathological examination of the excised tissue supported a diagnosis of osteochondromatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Ness
- Croft Veterinary Surgeons, Blyth, Northumberland
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Squire KR, Adams SB, Widmer WR, Coatney RW, Habig C. Arthroscopic removal of a palmar radial osteochondroma causing carpal canal syndrome in a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1992; 201:1216-8. [PMID: 1429162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A 5-year-old Arabian stallion with moderate effusion in the right carpal canal and intermittent lameness in this limb was diagnosed to have an osteochondroma projecting from the distal portion of the radius into the carpal canal. oral phenylbutazone treatment over the next 3 years allowed the stallion to continue its show career. Right forelimb lameness returned at that time, and ultrasonography revealed the osteochondroma impinging on the dorsal surface of the deep digital flexor tendon. The owner elected to have the osteochondroma surgically removed. The horse was anesthetized, and the carpal sheath was distended with balanced polyionic solution. A 4-mm arthroscope was inserted into the carpal sheath, and the osteochondroma projecting into the sheath was identified. The osteochondroma was removed by use of a Ferris-Smith bone rongeur, which was inserted into the carpal sheath through a stab incision over the osteochondroma. The effusion in the carpal sheath and the lameness resolved by 2 months, and the horse was returned to training 4 months after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Squire
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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Santen DR, Payne JT, Pace LW, Kroll RA, Johnson GC. Thoracolumbar vertebral osteochondroma in a young dog. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991; 199:1054-6. [PMID: 1748611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma was diagnosed in a 7-month-old female German Shepherd Dog with hind limb paresis. Radiography revealed a circumscribed calcified mass in the dorsal vertebral lamina at T13-L1 resulting in extradural compression of the spinal cord. Surgical excision of the mass resulted in gradual return to normal neurologic function. Four weeks after surgery, the dog became severely atactic after rolling onto its back. A chip fracture of T13 was identified, and the dog was euthanatized at the owners' request.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Santen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia 65211
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Hoskinson JJ, McLaughlin LM, Patton CS. What is your diagnosis? Circumscribed circular mineralized and soft tissue mass filling the tracheal lumen ventral to C3. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1991; 198:2121-2. [PMID: 1885317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J J Hoskinson
- Department of Urban Practice, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37901
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Welch RD, Auer JA, Watkins JP, Baird AN. Surgical treatment of tarsal sheath effusion associated with an exostosis on the calcaneus of a horse. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1990; 196:1992-4. [PMID: 2365624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A 2-year-old Thoroughbred colt was referred for evaluation of effusion within the tarsal sheath and associated lameness of the right hind limb. Conservative treatment consisting of needle aspiration and pressure bandaging had been unsuccessful. Radiography of the right tarsus revealed proliferative periosteal reaction along the distal caudal border of the sustentaculum tali and medial aspect of the calcaneus. The owners elected conservative treatment, using a local injection of corticosteroid and pressure bandaging the tarsus. Five months later, the severity of the effusion and lameness had increased. Radiography revealed increased reactive bone along the sustentaculum tali and mineralization of the plantar tarsal ligament and tarsal sheath. Surgical exploration revealed fibrous adhesions between the medial aspect of the calcaneus and the flexor tendon and associated soft tissue mineralization. The adhesions were broken down and the reactive bone along the calcaneus was removed. The mineralized soft tissue within the tarsal sheath was excised. Five months after surgery, the horse was sound at the trot, with only minimal tarsal sheath effusion. The response to treatment for tarsal sheath effusion and lameness caused by bony changes of the sustentaculum tali is often unsatisfactory. After responding poorly to conservative treatment, the horse in this report had a favorable outcome to the surgical intervention of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- R D Welch
- Department of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4475
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