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Zhang H, Corredor ALG, Messina-Pacheco J, Li Q, Zogopoulos G, Kaddour N, Wang Y, Shi BY, Gregorieff A, Liu JL, Gao ZH. REG3A/REG3B promotes acinar to ductal metaplasia through binding to EXTL3 and activating the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. Commun Biol 2021; 4:688. [PMID: 34099862 PMCID: PMC8184755 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02193-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent acinar to ductal metaplasia (ADM) is a recently recognized precursor of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Here we show that the ADM area of human pancreas tissue adjacent to PDAC expresses significantly higher levels of regenerating protein 3A (REG3A). Exogenous REG3A and its mouse homolog REG3B induce ADM in the 3D culture of primary human and murine acinar cells, respectively. Both Reg3b transgenic mice and REG3B-treated mice with caerulein-induced pancreatitis develop and sustain ADM. Two out of five Reg3b transgenic mice with caerulein-induced pancreatitis show progression from ADM to pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). Both in vitro and in vivo ADM models demonstrate activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. Exostosin-like glycosyltransferase 3 (EXTL3) functions as the receptor for REG3B and mediates the activation of downstream signaling proteins. Our data indicates that REG3A/REG3B promotes persistent ADM through binding to EXTL3 and activating the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. Targeting REG3A/REG3B, its receptor EXTL3, or other downstream molecules could interrupt the ADM process and prevent early PDAC carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huairong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pathology, McGill University and the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Andrea Liliam Gomez Corredor
- Department of Pathology, McGill University and the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julia Messina-Pacheco
- Department of Pathology, McGill University and the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Qing Li
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - George Zogopoulos
- Department of Surgery, McGill University and the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nancy Kaddour
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of Surgery, McGill University and the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bing-Yin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Alex Gregorieff
- Department of Pathology, McGill University and the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jun-Li Liu
- Department of Medicine, McGill University and the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Zu-Hua Gao
- Department of Pathology, McGill University and the Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Shen M, Wang Q, Xu S, Chen G, Xu H, Li X, Zhao S. Role of oncogenic REGγ in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110614. [PMID: 32935661 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a critical global health-care problem with limited therapeutic options. Since cancers are life-threatening illnesses, the identification of a promising oncotarget and its clinical correlates are relevant. Mounting evidence has emerged indicating that REG gamma (REGγ), a member of the 11S proteasome activators, plays a pivotal role in the development of multiple human cancers. However, an elaborate summary on the association between REGγ and cancer is still lacking. In this Review, we discuss how REGγ, through its ATP- and ubiquitin-independent manners, represents a promising cancer biomarker and therapeutic oncotarget for multiple human cancers. Aberrant REGγ expression closely associated with tumorigenesis attributes to its biological functions for controlling and regulating cell cycle, proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of the cancer cells by degrading proteins of cytosol and nucleus in the eukaryotic cells. REGγ serves as a molecular switch to activate multifarious oncogenic signaling pathways, such as MAPK/p38, TGF-β/Smad, and Wnt/β-catenin. The review describes that targeting REGγ may provide new diagnostic and therapeutic applications in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolei Shen
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinzhang Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University Medical School, Shihezi, China
| | - Shuaijun Xu
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Health Company, 69235, Army of PLA, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shankun Zhao
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, 318000, Zhejiang, China.
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Chen RY, Kung VL, Das S, Hossain MS, Hibberd MC, Guruge J, Mahfuz M, Begum SMKN, Rahman MM, Fahim SM, Gazi MA, Haque MR, Sarker SA, Mazumder RN, Luccia BD, Ahsan K, Kennedy E, Santiago-Borges J, Rodionov DA, Leyn SA, Osterman AL, Barratt MJ, Ahmed T, Gordon JI. Duodenal Microbiota in Stunted Undernourished Children with Enteropathy. N Engl J Med 2020; 383:321-333. [PMID: 32706533 PMCID: PMC7289524 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1916004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) is an enigmatic disorder of the small intestine that is postulated to play a role in childhood undernutrition, a pressing global health problem. Defining the incidence of this disorder, its pathophysiological features, and its contribution to impaired linear and ponderal growth has been hampered by the difficulty in directly sampling the small intestinal mucosa and microbial community (microbiota). METHODS In this study, among 110 young children (mean age, 18 months) with linear growth stunting who were living in an urban slum in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and had not benefited from a nutritional intervention, we performed endoscopy in 80 children who had biopsy-confirmed EED and available plasma and duodenal samples. We quantified the levels of 4077 plasma proteins and 2619 proteins in duodenal biopsy samples obtained from these children. The levels of bacterial strains in microbiota recovered from duodenal aspirate from each child were determined with the use of culture-independent methods. In addition, we obtained 21 plasma samples and 27 fecal samples from age-matched healthy children living in the same area. Young germ-free mice that had been fed a Bangladeshi diet were colonized with bacterial strains cultured from the duodenal aspirates. RESULTS Of the bacterial strains that were obtained from the children, the absolute levels of a shared group of 14 taxa (which are not typically classified as enteropathogens) were negatively correlated with linear growth (length-for-age z score, r = -0.49; P = 0.003) and positively correlated with duodenal proteins involved in immunoinflammatory responses. The representation of these 14 duodenal taxa in fecal microbiota was significantly different from that in samples obtained from healthy children (P<0.001 by permutational multivariate analysis of variance). Enteropathy of the small intestine developed in gnotobiotic mice that had been colonized with cultured duodenal strains obtained from children with EED. CONCLUSIONS These results provide support for a causal relationship between growth stunting and components of the small intestinal microbiota and enteropathy and offer a rationale for developing therapies that target these microbial contributions to EED. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02812615.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Y. Chen
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems
Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Vanderlene L. Kung
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems
Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington
University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Subhasish Das
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research,
Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shabab Hossain
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research,
Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Matthew C. Hibberd
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems
Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington
University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Janaki Guruge
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems
Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Mustafa Mahfuz
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research,
Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | | | - M. Masudur Rahman
- Sheikh Russel National Gastroliver Institute and Hospital,
Dhaka 1210, Bangladesh
| | - Shah Mohammad Fahim
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research,
Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Amran Gazi
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research,
Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - M. Rashidul Haque
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research,
Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Shafiqul Alam Sarker
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research,
Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - R. N. Mazumder
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research,
Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Blanda Di Luccia
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems
Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington
University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Kazi Ahsan
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems
Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Elizabeth Kennedy
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems
Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Jesus Santiago-Borges
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems
Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Dmitry A. Rodionov
- A. A. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission
Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127994, Russia
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford
Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 US
| | - Semen A. Leyn
- A. A. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission
Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 127994, Russia
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford
Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 US
| | - Andrei L. Osterman
- Infectious and Inflammatory Disease Center, Sanford
Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037 US
| | - Michael J. Barratt
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems
Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington
University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Tahmeed Ahmed
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research,
Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Jeffrey I. Gordon
- Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems
Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research,
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington
University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
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4
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Weidler S, Stopsack KH, Hammermann J, Sommerburg O, Mall MA, Hoffmann GF, Kohlmüller D, Okun JG, Macek M, Votava F, Krulišová V, Balaščaková M, Skalická V, Lee-Kirsch MA, Stopsack M. A product of immunoreactive trypsinogen and pancreatitis-associated protein as second-tier strategy in cystic fibrosis newborn screening. J Cyst Fibros 2016; 15:752-758. [PMID: 27461140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cystic fibrosis newborn screening (CFNBS), immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) and pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) can be used as screening parameters. We evaluated the IRT×PAP product as second-tier parameter in CFNBS in newborns with elevated IRT. METHODS Data on 410,111 screened newborns including 78 patients with classical cystic fibrosis (CF) from two European centers were retrospectively analyzed by discrimination analysis to identify a screening protocol with optimal cutoffs. We also studied differences in PAP measurement methods and the association of IRT and PAP with age. RESULTS PAP values differed systematically between fluorometric and photometric assays. The IRT×PAP product showed better discrimination for classical CF than PAP only as second-tier screening parameter (p<0.001). In CF patients, IRT decreased while PAP values remained high over years. In newborns without CF, IRT decreased after birth over weeks while PAP increased within days. CONCLUSIONS The IRT×PAP product performs well as second-tier cutoff parameter for CFNBS. Screening quality parameters depend on the analytic method and on age at blood collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Weidler
- Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Konrad H Stopsack
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jutta Hammermann
- Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Olaf Sommerburg
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Department of Pediatrics III, Children's Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus A Mall
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergy and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Department of Pediatrics III, Children's Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Translational Pulmonology, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georg F Hoffmann
- Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Metabolic Diseases and Newborn Screening Center, Department of Pediatrics I, Children's Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Kohlmüller
- Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Metabolic Diseases and Newborn Screening Center, Department of Pediatrics I, Children's Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen G Okun
- Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Metabolic Diseases and Newborn Screening Center, Department of Pediatrics I, Children's Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Milan Macek
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague and Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, Prague CZ 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Felix Votava
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Srobarova 50, Prague, CZ 100 34, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Krulišová
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague and Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, Prague CZ 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Balaščaková
- Department of Biology and Medical Genetics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague and Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, Prague CZ 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Skalická
- Department of Pediatrics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague and Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, PragueCZ 150 06, Czech Republic
| | - Min Ae Lee-Kirsch
- Department of Pediatrics, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marina Stopsack
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Medizinische Fakultät Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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