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Yokoyama K, Hiramoto K, Fujikawa A, Takechi H, Iwase T, Yoshida H, Ojima T, Ueda H, Kodama K, Muramatsu T, Miyazono M, Fujita R, Shirai C, Uchida K. [A survey on the utilization of internet services to collect job information among medical students and initiation of video public relations activities for the recruitment of public health physicians based on the survey results]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi 2024; 71:24-32. [PMID: 37793906 DOI: 10.11236/jph.23-046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Objectives It is difficult for medical students to obtain information about public health physicians because there are very few public health physicians near them. To improve this situation, we surveyed the utilization of internet services to collect job information among medical students and produced six videos and conducted public relations activities for the recruitment of public health physicians based on the survey results.Methods The subjects of the survey were medical students in their third year or above from 18 universities. Public health teachers in these 18 universities sent their students anonymous self-administered questionnaires created with Google Forms mainly by e-mail. The questionnaires included the following items "internet services used to collect job information," "desired length of each video for knowing job information," and "information you want to know about your future work." The responses were reflected in the length and the content of the videos and the settings for their distribution.Results Responses were obtained from a total of 491 medical students, including 14 third-year students, 177 fifth-year students, and 300 sixth-year students. Homepages were the most frequently used online source for collecting job information (94.7%), followed by blogs (42.0%), Twitter (32.6%), and YouTube (18.9%). Medical students are less likely to use social networking services for collecting job information compared with non-medical job-hunting students. Regarding the length of the videos, 55.8% of the respondents preferred the length of one video to be less than 5 minutes, and 95.1% preferred it to be less than 10 minutes. Almost all of the respondents (93.1%) wanted to know the atmosphere of young public health physicians, and 74.1% also wanted to know the atmosphere of veteran physicians. Based on these results, we selected six public health physicians including young and veteran physicians and produced interview videos that conveyed the atmosphere of each doctor within 5 minutes per person. We refurbished the banner on the top page of the Japanese Association of Public Health Center Directors so that the videos uploaded to YouTube could be watched.Conclusion We clarified the current situation of the utilization of internet services for job-hunting activities among medical students and were able to initiate video public relations activities for the recruitment of public health physicians in accordance with the needs. It is necessary to increase awareness of the video platform among medical students and clinicians by deepening cooperation with local governments, universities, and medical institutions and expanding the human network both online and in person.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hiroyuki Takechi
- Tone Numata Health and Welfare Office and Agatsuma Health and Welfare Office of Gunma Prefectural Government
| | - Toshihide Iwase
- Bizen Public Health Center of Okayama Prefectural Government
| | | | | | | | - Kana Kodama
- Hata Welfare Public Health Center of Kochi Prefectural Government
| | | | - Masaya Miyazono
- Public Health and Medical Administration Office, Department of Public Health and Medical Affairs, Osaka Prefectural Government
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Karschuck P, Müller L, Groeben C, Aksoy C, Flegar L, Zacharis A, Baunacke M, Wülfing C, Huber J. [Patient events in German urology: trend towards hybrid formats?]. Urologie 2024; 63:75-82. [PMID: 37566223 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-023-02162-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient events are an important tool to respond to the increasing need of the public for health information. Through the "patient forum", the German Society of Urology (DGU) is committed to patient information and public relations at its annual congresses. The goal of the study was to evaluate the events from 2017-2019 and to compare them with the first digital patient forum in 2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using a two-page standardized questionnaire, we surveyed the visitors of the presence patient forums (presence group = P) of the three annual congresses of the DGU 2017-2019 as well as the users of the digital event 2020 (online group = O). RESULTS We obtained 71 records for 2017-2019 and 18 for 2020. The median age of visitors was 64 years (range 30-89). Males were 66% (P) vs. 83% (O) of participants (p = 0.005). The offer was rated overall as good to very good by both groups, i.e., 1.6 (P) vs. 1.6 (O; p = 0.7) on a scale from 1 to 6 with 1 being the highest rating. In line with the lower interaction in the digital format, the possibility to ask questions was rated worse with 1.5 (P) vs. 2.8 (O; p = 0.003). When asked about the desired future event format, two-thirds of the users of the digital patient forum were in favor of a hybrid event on-site and online. CONCLUSION Patient events are suitable means of communication for the public and are rated well by visitors. In particular, interaction with experts is highly valued. Face-to-face formats are associated with a high logistical effort and high costs, and their reach is limited. In the future, hybrid formats could be a reasonable alternative, as they combine the advantages of online and face-to-face formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Karschuck
- Klinik für Urologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033, Marburg, Deutschland.
| | - Laura Müller
- Klinik für Urologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - Christer Groeben
- Klinik für Urologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - Cem Aksoy
- Klinik für Urologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - Luka Flegar
- Klinik für Urologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - Aristeidis Zacharis
- Klinik für Urologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033, Marburg, Deutschland
| | - Martin Baunacke
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | | | - Johannes Huber
- Klinik für Urologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35033, Marburg, Deutschland
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Wilbur DS. Public Relations as a Factor in the Prevention of Suicide: The Veteran Administrations Crisis Line. Health Commun 2023; 38:2461-2469. [PMID: 35816373 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2022.2074936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the effectiveness of the Veterans Administration's (VA) public relations and the effectiveness of advertisements of its suicide hotline, which is called the veterans crisis line (VCL). Using the organization-public relations theory (OPR) this study examined whether known failures of VA marketing campaigns for the VCL could be related to public relations factors. This study found that the VA suffers from a negative perception with veterans, and this translated into lower support for the VCL compared to another suicide hotline. This study concludes that ineffective public relations may indeed be a factor in the reluctance of veterans in crisis to call the VCL for life saving mental health support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Wilbur
- Joint Special Operations University
- Department of Communication, The University of Texas at San Antonio, TX, USA
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Saxena A, Danoff JR, Deckey DG, Barrett TJ, Bullock MW, Sonn KA, Freccero DM, North T, Fischer SJ, Adigweme OO, Robinson K, Stronach BM. American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons Patient Education and Public Relations Committee Update and Report. J Arthroplasty 2023; 38:1632-1635. [PMID: 37573080 DOI: 10.1016/j.arth.2023.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Saxena
- Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan R Danoff
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwell Health, Great Neck, New York
| | - David G Deckey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Thomas J Barrett
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Matthew W Bullock
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Marshall University Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Huntington, West Virginia
| | - Kevin A Sonn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | | | - Trevor North
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan
| | | | | | - Kenneth Robinson
- Communications Manager, American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons, Rosemont, Illinois
| | - Benjamin M Stronach
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
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Bartlett A, Garry J, McCambridge J. From the tobacco industry's uses of science for public relations purposes to the alcohol industry: Tobacco industry documents study. Drug Alcohol Rev 2023; 42:1269-1277. [PMID: 36933895 PMCID: PMC10947438 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Associates for Research in Substances of Enjoyment (ARISE) was formed by tobacco companies in the late 1980s designed to counter public health policy development. This study examines the alcohol content of ARISE and the contribution of ARISE to alcohol industry activities in a key period in the globalisation of the alcohol industry, generating insights into the inter-relationships between the tobacco and alcohol industries in their involvements in policy-oriented science. METHODS We systematically searched the UCSF Truth Tobacco Documents Library for information about ARISE, alcohol and the alcohol industry. This material was supplemented with an analysis of the contributions by ARISE associates to one volume in the International Center for Alcohol Policies (ICAP) book series on alcohol and pleasure. RESULTS ARISE placed nicotine alongside caffeine, chocolate and other foods, and alcohol as treats which brought pleasure and other benefits. Alcohol was thus intrinsic to the ARISE project for the tobacco industry. This study shows that at a formative moment in the mid-1990s the major alcohol companies took advantage of the intellectual inheritance and personnel provided by the tobacco industry when establishing ICAP. Key to this was an ICAP conference that resulted in Alcohol and pleasure: A health perspective (1999). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Not only did ARISE use alcohol to play a supporting role in a sophisticated tobacco industry strategy, the alcohol industry engaged with ARISE as part of its own strategy. This shows the importance of careful attention to corporate activities on the fringes of peer-reviewed science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Bartlett
- Department of Health SciencesSeebohm Rowntree Building, University of YorkYorkUK
| | - Jack Garry
- Department of Health SciencesSeebohm Rowntree Building, University of YorkYorkUK
| | - Jim McCambridge
- Department of Health SciencesSeebohm Rowntree Building, University of YorkYorkUK
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Mikhaylova O, Abramov R. Exploring the ethics of political PR professionals using moral foundations theory. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286217. [PMID: 37307249 PMCID: PMC10259790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper offers a multidimensional theoretical scheme to analyze professional ethics in the field of political public relations. We suggest investigating the decisions of these professionals using moral foundations theory because human ethical reasoning is contextual, and the examination of ethics in a one-dimensional manner as previous researchers have done overlooks the complexity of the moral choices that such professionals make. The prospects of the proposed theoretical approach are demonstrated on 16 interviews with post-soviet Russian political PR industry leaders that were conducted from March 2018 to April 2020. Our empirical findings show that Russian political PR specialists employ all moral foundations, however, in their narratives the "care/harm" and "authority/respect" foundations were not mentioned very often. Overall, this paper makes a critical contribution to research on professional ethics in political public relations, and it provides important insight into the specifics of moral reasoning in the Russian political PR industry that is insufficiently described in the current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Mikhaylova
- Faculty of Social Sciences, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Roman Abramov
- Faculty of Social Sciences, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- International Laboratory for Social Integration Research, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Abstract
Amid rising interest in participatory research, some industries have recently begun to practice public relations citizen science (PRCS). Unlike citizen science and crowdsourcing projects that generate raw materials for product development, PRCS benefits capitalist firms primarily by improving their public image and deflecting accusations of causing harm. Three cases illustrate how PRCS works: (1) a growing assortment of citizen science projects associated with Antarctic tourism, (2) an initiative to document biodiversity, linked to Canada's oil and gas industry, and (3) a study sponsored by Biology Fortified, a nonprofit organization that works to communicate positive information about agricultural biotechnology. Scientists and research organizations may have legitimate reasons for entering into these partnerships, but PRCS can benefit industries in problematic ways. First, by supporting environmental science, PRCS can attach a 'sustainable' image to a polluting industry, without changing its core practices. Second, PRCS can accumulate data and steer volunteers' observations in ways that undermine claims about the harms caused by the industry's practices or products. Finally, in some cases, PRCS organizers hope to induce people to view an industry more 'rationally' than those who make 'emotional' or 'ideological' claims about its harms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aya H Kimura
- University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Abby Kinchy
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY USA
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Díaz F, Henríquez PA. Social sentiment segregation: Evidence from Twitter and Google Trends in Chile during the COVID-19 dynamic quarantine strategy. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254638. [PMID: 34255804 PMCID: PMC8277056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chilean health authorities have implemented a sanitary strategy known as dynamic quarantine or strategic quarantine to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. Under this system, lockdowns were established, lifted, or prolonged according to the weekly health authorities' assessment of municipalities' epidemiological situation. The public announcements about the confinement situation of municipalities country-wide are made typically on Tuesdays or Wednesdays before noon, have received extensive media coverage, and generated sharp stock market fluctuations. Municipalities are the smallest administrative division in Chile, with each city broken down typically into several municipalities. We analyze social media behavior in response to the confinement situation of the population at the municipal level. The dynamic quarantine scheme offers a unique opportunity for our analysis, given that municipalities display a high degree of heterogeneity, both in size and in the socioeconomic status of their population. We exploit the variability over time in municipalities' confinement situations, resulting from the dynamic quarantine strategy, and the cross-sectional variability in their socioeconomic characteristics to evaluate the impact of these characteristics on social sentiment. Using event study and panel data methods, we find that proxies for social sentiment based on Twitter queries are negatively related (more pessimistic) to increases in the number of confined people, but with a statistically significant effect concentrated on people from the wealthiest cohorts of the population. For indicators of social sentiment based on Google Trends, we found that search intensity during the periods surrounding government announcements is positively related to increases in the total number of confined people. Still, this effect does not seem to be dependent on the segments of the population affected by the quarantine. Furthermore, we show that the observed heterogeneity in sentiment mirrors heterogeneity in stock market reactions to government announcements. We provide evidence that the observed stock market behavior around quarantine announcements can be explained by the number of people from the wealthiest segments of the population entering or exiting lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Díaz
- Departamento de Administración, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Empírica en Negocios, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo A. Henríquez
- Departamento de Administración, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Empírica en Negocios, Facultad de Economía y Empresa, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
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Goldberg RF, Vandenberg LN. The science of spin: targeted strategies to manufacture doubt with detrimental effects on environmental and public health. Environ Health 2021; 20:33. [PMID: 33771171 PMCID: PMC7996119 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00723-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous groups, such as the tobacco industry, have deliberately altered and misrepresented knowable facts and empirical evidence to promote an agenda, often for monetary benefit, with consequences for environmental and public health. Previous research has explored cases individually, but none have conducted an in-depth comparison between cases. The purpose of this study was to compile a comprehensive list of tactics used by disparate groups and provide a framework for identifying further instances of manufactured doubt. METHODS We examined scholarly books, peer-reviewed articles, well-researched journalism pieces, and legal evidence related to five disparate industries and organizations selected for their destructive impacts on environmental and public health (tobacco, coal, and sugar industries, manufacturers of the pesticide Atrazine, and the Marshall Institute, an institute focused on climate change research, and other scientists from the era that associated with those in the Institute). These documents provided evidence for a list of tactics used to generate pro-industry spin and manufacture doubt about conferred harm. We then identified trends among sets of strategies that could explain their differential use or efficacy. RESULTS We recognized 28 unique tactics used to manufacture doubt. Five of these tactics were used by all five organizations, suggesting that they are key features of manufactured doubt. The intended audience influences the strategy used to misinform, and logical fallacies contribute to their efficacy. CONCLUSIONS This list of tactics can be used by others to build a case that an industry or group is deliberately manipulating information associated with their actions or products. Improved scientific and rhetorical literacy could be used to render them less effective, depending on the audience targeted, and ultimately allow for the protection of both environmental health and public health more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca F. Goldberg
- Graduate Program in Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA
| | - Laura N. Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 171C Goessmann, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
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10
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Koso A. The press club as indicator of science medialization: How Japanese research organizations adapt to domestic media conventions. Public Underst Sci 2021; 30:139-152. [PMID: 33274694 PMCID: PMC7859576 DOI: 10.1177/0963662520972269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study examined how and whether Japanese research organizations adapt their communications outputs and practices to the media's requirements in a media landscape that has frequently been described as "cartelized." A survey and subsequent in-depth interviews with communications and public relations departments at Japanese research organizations showed that universities and government-funded research institutions employ outputs expected by the media, such as issuing press releases and using fax machines for dissemination. The adoption of media-imposed requirements appears to meet the dual interests of Japanese research organizations and established media. The results suggest that press clubs, one manifestation of an information cartel, are an indicator of how research organizations orient to the media at the organizational level. The findings add a non-Western perspective to the current literature of science medialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Koso
- Ayumi Koso, National Institutes for the Humanities,
2nd Floor, Hulic Kamiyacho Bldg., 4-3-13 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0001, Japan.
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Huffman A. The Rock, Paper, Scissors Contest of "Surprise" Medical Billing: Nobody Wins, Patients Lose. Ann Emerg Med 2021; 77:A13-A16. [PMID: 33371953 DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Pratt R. General practice public relations storm: shaped in broadcast, fixed in narrowcast. BMJ 2020; 371:m4653. [PMID: 33257344 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.m4653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Pratt
- Three Spires Medical Practice, Truro Health Park, Truro TR1 2JA, UK
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Vujadinovic N. Communication and Public Relations in Healthcare. Stud Health Technol Inform 2020; 274:42-51. [PMID: 32990664 DOI: 10.3233/shti200664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This chapter is written in order to provide the student with a general overview of communication and public relations in healthcare. All healthcare institutions have a need for adequate and successful communication with their external and internal stakeholders. Every contact of a particular healthcare organization with the public represents a unique interface, as an important part of the communication strategy. Therefore, it is very important to create strategic consistency among all the messages that stakeholders need to receive. The chapter will discuss the relationships between the various components of integrated marketing communications in healthcare, crisis management in the communications sphere and ethics and social responsibility issues.
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Pérez M, Radi B. Current Challenges of North/South Relations in Gay-Lesbian and Queer Studies. J Homosex 2020; 67:965-989. [PMID: 30880614 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2019.1582218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The article assesses and analyzes different dimensions of the current configuration of North/South dialogues within gay-lesbian and queer studies, with particular attention to the interrelations between the United States and South America. It looks into how gay-lesbian and queer studies relate to the global division and hierarchy of intellectual labor traditionally embedded in academic practices, and it asks whether the scope of its radical program includes a revision of unequal academic dynamics. Its concerns are both ethical and epistemological, as they speak not only to the moral and political dimensions of academic practice, but also to how these modes affect the knowledge produced in the United States and in South America today. By offering a view from the South conversant with South American as well as Northern production, we hope to contribute to both local and international debates regarding the present and future of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira Pérez
- Department of Philosophy, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Blas Radi
- Department of Philosophy, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Wood B, Ruskin G, Sacks G. Targeting Children and Their Mothers, Building Allies and Marginalising Opposition: An Analysis of Two Coca-Cola Public Relations Requests for Proposals. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 17:ijerph17010012. [PMID: 31861344 PMCID: PMC6981900 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study provides direct evidence of the goals of food-industry-driven public relations (PR) campaigns. Two PR requests for proposals created for The Coca-Cola Company (Coke) were analysed. One campaign related to the 2016 Rio Olympic Games, the other related to the 2013–2014 Movement is Happiness campaign. Supplementary data were obtained from a search of business literature. The study found that Coke specifically targeted teenagers and their mothers as part of the two PR campaigns. Furthermore, Coke was explicit in its intentions to build allies, particularly with key media organisations, and to marginalise opposition. This study highlights how PR campaigns by large food companies can be used as vehicles for marketing to children, and for corporate political activity. Given the potential threats posed to populations’ health, the use of PR agencies by food companies warrants heightened scrutiny from the public-health community, and governments should explore policy action in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Wood
- Global Obesity Centre, Deakin University, Deakin University Waterfront Campus, 1 Gheringhap St, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Gary Ruskin
- U.S. Right to Know, 4096 Piedmont Ave. #963, Oakland, CA 94611-5221, USA;
| | - Gary Sacks
- Global Obesity Centre, Deakin University, Deakin University Waterfront Campus, 1 Gheringhap St, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia;
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Joshi A, Priya G, Verma K, Kalra S. Person, Patient, Public, Peers: the four pillars of physician practice. J PAK MED ASSOC 2019; 69:1750-1751. [PMID: 31740894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
More often than not, the root cause of unsatisfactory diabetes care can be traced to in appropriate communication. In this brief article, we share the four pillars of communication that a successful physician should be able to address: person, patient, public and peers. A good physician should be able to understand herself or himself, communicate with patients and the society at large, and handle professional relationships. This quadruple helps us identify our strengths and shortcomings and facilitates attempts at self-improvement, so as to improve the quality of our life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameya Joshi
- Department of Endocrinology, Bhaktivedanta Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Gagan Priya
- Department of Endocrinology, Fortis Hospital, Mohali, India
| | - Komal Verma
- Department of Psychology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Sanjay Kalra
- Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India
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Gilmore AB, Gallagher AWA, Rowell A. Tobacco industry's elaborate attempts to control a global track and trace system and fundamentally undermine the Illicit Trade Protocol. Tob Control 2019; 28:127-140. [PMID: 29899082 PMCID: PMC6580790 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Illicit Trade Protocol (ITP) requires a global track and trace (T&T) system to reduce tobacco smuggling. Given the tobacco industry's (TI) historical involvement in tobacco smuggling, it stipulates that T&T 'shall not be performed by or delegated to the tobacco industry'. This paper explores the rationale for & nature of the TI's effors to influence the ITP & its T&T system. METHODS Analysis of leaked TI documents and publicly available data; ,investigation of front groups, trademark and patent ownership. FINDINGS Growing & diverse sources of evidence indicate that the TI remains involved in tobacco smuggling and that TI cigarettes account for around two-thirds of the illicit cigarette market. The TI therefore has a vested interest in controlling the global T&T system aimed to curtail this behaviour. To this end, Philip Morris International (PMI) adapted its pack marker system, Codentify, to meet T&T requirements, licensed it for free to its three major competitors who then collectively promoted it to governments using front groups and third parties including companies claiming to be independent despite clear TI links. PMI also sought to suggest Codentify was independent by selling some parts of its intellectual property on Codentify while retaining others, leaving a complex web of shared interests. In Africa, British American Tobacco used payments to obtain data suggesting its smaller competitor companies were evading taxes and secure influence with tax authorities. Regulatory capture has been enhanced by a public relations effort involving TI funding for conferences, training, research, and international police and anti-corruption organisations. Collectively this has created public messaging and a powerful network of organisations supportive of the TI's misleading postion on illicit. CONCLUSIONS Governments should assume the TI seeks to control T&T systems in order to avoid scrutiny and minimise excise tax payments and that any T&T system based on Codentify, on intellectual property currently or previously owned by the TI, or being promoted or implemented by companies with TI links, is incompatible with the ITP and would not serve to reduce illicit trade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Gilmore
- Tobacco Control Research Group, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- UK Centre of Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Allen W A Gallagher
- Tobacco Control Research Group, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- UK Centre of Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Andy Rowell
- Tobacco Control Research Group, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- UK Centre of Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Bath, Bath, UK
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Moberly T. How should doctors communicate the risks of Brexit to the public? BMJ 2018; 363:k4906. [PMID: 30463842 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.k4906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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19
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van der Eijk Y, McDaniel PA, Glantz SA, Bialous SA. United Nations Global Compact: an 'Inroad' into the UN and reputation boost for the tobacco industry. Tob Control 2018; 27:e66-e69. [PMID: 29097589 PMCID: PMC5932267 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The United Nations Global Compact (UNGC), a UN initiative to engage corporations in supporting the UN's mission, sets out principles that companies should follow for more ethical business practices. Since its inception in 2000, at least 13 tobacco companies, subsidiaries and tobacco industry affiliates joined the UNGC. In a September 2017 integrity review, the UNGC Board excluded from UNGC participation companies who derive revenue from tobacco production or manufacturing. OBJECTIVE To determine, from the tobacco industry's perspective, tobacco companies' motives for joining the UNGC. METHOD Tobacco industry documents search using the Truth Tobacco Industry Documents Library, and search of published reports and documents on the tobacco industry and the UNGC. RESULTS Tobacco companies sought to join the UNGC for two reasons: (1) to improve their reputation, in keeping with other corporate social responsibility efforts; (2) to gain proximity to UN agencies and weaken the WHO's influence, part of an overall strategy to undermine the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. CONCLUSIONS Excluding tobacco manufacturers from UNGC participation is an important step to limit the tobacco industry's ability to influence the UN and promote its image and, by extension, its deadly products. It is important to monitor enforcement of this policy and resist the engagement of tobacco industry front groups, such as industry-funded foundations, with the UNGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvette van der Eijk
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Stanton A Glantz
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stella A Bialous
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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van der Eijk Y, Glantz SA. Tobacco industry attempts to frame smoking as a 'disability' under the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188188. [PMID: 29176829 PMCID: PMC5703483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Using the Truth Tobacco Industry Documents Library and Congressional records, we examined the tobacco industry’s involvement with the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). During legislative drafting of the ADA (1989–1990), the Tobacco Institute, the tobacco industry’s lobbying and public relations arm at the time, worked with industry lawyers and civil rights groups to include smoking in the ADA’s definition of “disability.” Focus was on smoking as a perceived rather than actual disability so that tobacco companies could maintain that smoking is not addictive. Language that would have explicitly excluded smoking from ADA coverage was weakened or omitted. Tobacco Institute lawyers did not think the argument that smokers are “disabled” would convince the courts, so in the two years after the ADA was signed into law, the Tobacco Institute paid a lawyer to conduct media tours, seminars, and write articles to convince employers that hiring only non-smokers would violate the ADA. The ultimate goal of these activities was to deter employers from promoting a healthy, tobacco-free workforce and, more broadly, to promote the social acceptability of smoking. Employers and policy makers need to be aware that tobacco use is not protected by the ADA and should not be misled by tobacco industry efforts to insinuate otherwise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvette van der Eijk
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Stanton A. Glantz
- Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies and Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Shamarina D, Stoyantcheva I, Mason CE, Bibby K, Elhaik E. Communicating the promise, risks, and ethics of large-scale, open space microbiome and metagenome research. Microbiome 2017; 5:132. [PMID: 28978331 PMCID: PMC5628477 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-017-0349-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The public commonly associates microorganisms with pathogens. This suspicion of microorganisms is understandable, as historically microorganisms have killed more humans than any other agent while remaining largely unknown until the late seventeenth century with the works of van Leeuwenhoek and Kircher. Despite our improved understanding regarding microorganisms, the general public are apt to think of diseases rather than of the majority of harmless or beneficial species that inhabit our bodies and the built and natural environment. As long as microbiome research was confined to labs, the public's exposure to microbiology was limited. The recent launch of global microbiome surveys, such as the Earth Microbiome Project and MetaSUB (Metagenomics and Metadesign of Subways and Urban Biomes) project, has raised ethical, financial, feasibility, and sustainability concerns as to the public's level of understanding and potential reaction to the findings, which, done improperly, risk negative implications for ongoing and future investigations, but done correctly, can facilitate a new vision of "smart cities." To facilitate improved future research, we describe here the major concerns that our discussions with ethics committees, community leaders, and government officials have raised, and we expound on how to address them. We further discuss ethical considerations of microbiome surveys and provide practical recommendations for public engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Shamarina
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN UK
| | - Iana Stoyantcheva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN UK
| | - Christopher E. Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021 USA
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, New York, NY 10021 USA
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021 USA
| | - Kyle Bibby
- University of Notre Dame Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dameᅟ, IN 46556 USA
| | - Eran Elhaik
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN UK
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Shuker C, Bohm G, Hamblin R, Simpson A, St George D, Stolarek I, Wilson J, Merry AF. Progress in public reporting in New Zealand since the Ombudsman's ruling, and an invitation. N Z Med J 2017; 130:11-22. [PMID: 28617783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carl Shuker
- Principal Advisor, Publications, Health Quality & Safety Commission, Wellington
| | - Gillian Bohm
- Chief Advisor, Quality and Safety, Health Quality & Safety Commission, Wellington
| | - Richard Hamblin
- Director of Health Quality Intelligence, Health Quality & Safety Commission, Wellington
| | - Andrew Simpson
- (Acting) Chief Medical Officer, Ministry of Health, Wellington
| | - David St George
- Chief Advisor, Integrative Care, Ministry of Health, Wellington
| | - Iwona Stolarek
- Medical Advisor, Health Quality & Safety Commission, Wellington
| | - Janice Wilson
- Chief Executive Officer, Health Quality & Safety Commission, Wellington
| | - Alan F Merry
- Chair of the Board of the Health Quality & Safety Commission, and Head of the School of Medicine at the University of Auckland, and Specialist Anaesthetist, Auckland City Hospital
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Abstract
The body of literature addressing the phenomenon related to social networking services (SNSs) has grown rather fast recently. Through a systematic and quantitative approach, this study identifies the recent SNS research themes, which are the issues discussed by a coherent and growing subset of this literature. A set of academic articles retrieved from the Web of Science database is used as the basis for uncovering the recent themes. We begin the analysis by constructing a citation network which is further separated into groups after applying a widely used clustering method. The resulting clusters all consist of articles coherent in citation relationships. This study suggests eight fast growing recent themes. They span widely encompassing politics, romantic relationships, public relations, journalism, and health. Among them, four focus their issues largely on Twitter, three on Facebook, and one generally on both. While discussions on traditional issues in SNSs such as personality, motivations, self-disclosure, narcissism, etc. continue to lead the pack, the proliferation of the highlighted recent themes in the near future is very likely to happen.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S. Liu
- Graduate Institute of Technology Management, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Mei Hsiu-Ching Ho
- Graduate Institute of Technology Management, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Louis Y. Y. Lu
- College of Management, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Abstract
The Asilomar conference on genetic engineering in 1975 has long been pointed to by scientists as a model for internal regulation and public engagement. In 2015, the organizers of the International Summit on Human Gene Editing in Washington, DC looked to Asilomar as they sought to address the implications of the new CRISPR gene editing technique. Like at Asilomar, the conveners chose to limit the discussion to a narrow set of potential CRISPR applications, involving inheritable human genome editing. The adoption by scientists in 2015 of an Asilomar-like script for discussing genetic engineering offers historians the opportunity to analyze the adjustments that have been made since 1975, and to identify the blind spots that remain in public engagement. Scientists did take important lessons from the fallout of their limited engagement with public concerns at Asilomar. Nonetheless, the scientific community has continued to overlook some of the longstanding public concerns about genetic engineering, in particular the broad and often covert genetic modification of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hogan
- Department of History, Creighton University, United States.
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Ballard PJ, Cohen AK, Littenberg-Tobias J. Action Civics for Promoting Civic Development: Main Effects of Program Participation and Differences by Project Characteristics. Am J Community Psychol 2016; 58:377-390. [PMID: 27982470 PMCID: PMC5654523 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Using both quantitative and qualitative data, this study examined the effect of participating in an action civics intervention, Generation Citizen (GC), on civic commitment, civic self-efficacy, and two forms of civic knowledge. The sample consisted of 617 middle and high schools students in 55 classrooms who participated, or were soon to participate, in Generation Citizen. Hierarchical linear models revealed that participating in Generation Citizen was associated with positive gains in action civics knowledge and civic self-efficacy. Qualitative coding identified three types of project characteristics that captured variability in the action projects student chose to complete: context, content, and contact with decision makers. Interactions between project characteristics and participation in GC revealed differences in civic outcomes depending on project characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parissa J Ballard
- University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alison K Cohen
- University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Generation Citizen, New York, NY, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate opposition to standardised tobacco packaging in the UK. To increase understanding of how transnational corporations are adapting to changes in their access to policymakers precipitated by Article 5.3 of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). DESIGN Case study web-based documentary analysis, using NVivo V.10. Examination of relationships between opponents of standardised packaging and transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) and of the volume, nature, transparency and timing of their activities. SETTING UK standardised packaging policy debate 2011-2013. PARTICIPANTS Organisations selected on basis of opposition to, or facilitation thereof, standardised tobacco packaging in the UK; 422 associated documents. RESULTS Excluding tobacco manufacturing and packaging companies (n=12), 109 organisations were involved in opposing standardised packaging, 82 (75%) of which had a financial relationship with 1 or more TTC. These 82 organisations (43 actively opposing the measure, 39 facilitating opposition) were responsible for 60% of the 404 activities identified, including the majority of public communications and research production. TTCs were directly responsible for 28% of total activities, predominantly direct lobbying, but also financially underwrote third party research, communication, mass recruitment and lobbying. Active organisations rarely reported any financial relationship with TTCs when undertaking opposition activities. CONCLUSIONS The multifaceted opposition to standardised packaging was primarily undertaken by third parties with financial relationships with major tobacco manufacturers. Low levels of transparency regarding these links created a misleading impression of diverse and widespread opposition. Countries should strengthen implementation of Article 5.3 of the FCTC by systematically requiring conflict of interest declarations from all organisations participating in political or media debates on tobacco control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny L Hatchard
- Tobacco Control Research Group, Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Gary J Fooks
- School of Languages and Social Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anna B Gilmore
- Tobacco Control Research Group, Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
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American College of Surgeons Statements on Principles. Bull Am Coll Surg 2016; 101:19-34. [PMID: 28941367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Hibbard JH, Stockard J, Tusler M. It Isn't Just about Choice: The Potential of a Public Performance Report to Affect the Public Image of Hospitals. Med Care Res Rev 2016; 62:358-71. [PMID: 15894709 DOI: 10.1177/1077558705275415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Can a well-designed public performance report affect the public image of hospitals? Using a pre/postdesign and telephone interviews, consumer views and reports of their use of public hospital report are examined. The findings show that the report did influence consumer views about the quality of individual hospitals in the community 2 to 4 months after the release of the report.
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Abstract
Studies focusing on interactive service work that involves face-to-face interactions between employees and customers/clients have shown that employees tend to show symptoms of job dissatisfaction, stress, and emotional exhaustion because they are expected to display or suppress certain emotions in the performance of their jobs. To meet the health challenges and reduce sickness absenteeism among employees in this sector, two organizational interventions were implemented among service workers employed by the municipality and in a shopping mall in a medium-sized Norwegian city. In a field experiment, the authors evaluated the effect of this type of intervention on employee health. The experiment combined survey measures (pre- and post-intervention) with observations and unstructured interviews. The survey data showed positive changes on only two of the measured variables among the shopping mall employees, and no effect on the municipal employees. This article focuses on the qualitative data, which show how constraints related to time and to interactional and organizational practices impeded full involvement of the employees during implementation of the interventions. The authors discuss the results from the perspective of the general challenges of implementing interventions in the service sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Dahl-Jørgensen
- Department of Social Anthropology, Norwegian University of Science and Techonology, Trondheim, Norway.
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DeGroat Larry. An Interview with Dr. Larry DeGroat 2016-17 MDA President. J Mich Dent Assoc 2016; 98:28-32. [PMID: 27333698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Ashwell DJ. The challenges of science journalism: The perspectives of scientists, science communication advisors and journalists from New Zealand. Public Underst Sci 2016; 25:379-393. [PMID: 25387869 DOI: 10.1177/0963662514556144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The news media play an important role in informing the public about scientific and technological developments. Some argue that restructuring and downsizing result in journalists coming under increased pressure to produce copy, leading them to use more public relations material to meet their deadlines. This article explores science journalism in the highly commercialised media market of New Zealand. Using semi-structured interviews with scientists, science communication advisors and journalists, the study finds communication advisors and scientists believe most media outlets, excluding public service media, report science poorly. Furthermore, restructuring and staff cuts have placed the journalists interviewed under increasing pressure. While smaller newspapers appear to be printing press releases verbatim, metropolitan newspaper journalists still exercise control over their use of such material. The results suggest these journalists will continue to resist increasing their use of public relations material for some time to come.
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Brunton P. Guest Editorial. N Z Dent J 2016; 112:4. [PMID: 27164739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Johnston MM. Public Education, Strategic Plan, Think Tank Report Highlight Meeting. J Mich Dent Assoc 2016; 98:16-18. [PMID: 27029181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Burgess K. Reflections: Awesome 2015, Even Better 2016. J Mich Dent Assoc 2016; 98:20-21. [PMID: 27029182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Evans T. The ODA as asking Oklahomans: Is Your Dentist an ODA Member? J Okla Dent Assoc 2016; 107:4. [PMID: 27192780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Becker DB, Schwartz AI. Working Together. J Mass Dent Soc 2016; 65:7. [PMID: 27400547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Lemke AA, Harris-Wai JN. Stakeholder engagement in policy development: challenges and opportunities for human genomics. Genet Med 2015; 17:949-57. [PMID: 25764215 PMCID: PMC4567945 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2015.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Along with rapid advances in human genomics, policies governing genomic data and clinical technologies have proliferated. Stakeholder engagement is widely lauded as an important methodology for improving clinical, scientific, and public health policy decision making. The purpose of this paper is to examine how stakeholder engagement is used to develop policies in genomics research and public health areas, as well as to identify future priorities for conducting evidence-based stakeholder engagements. We focus on exemplars in biobanking and newborn screening to illustrate a variety of current stakeholder engagement in policy-making efforts. Each setting provides an important context for examining the methods of obtaining and integrating informed stakeholder voices into the policy-making process. While many organizations have an interest in engaging stakeholders with regard to genomic policy issues, there is broad divergence with respect to the stakeholders involved, the purpose of engagements, when stakeholders are engaged during policy development, methods of engagement, and the outcomes reported. Stakeholder engagement in genomics policy development is still at a nascent stage. Several challenges of using stakeholder engagement as a tool for genomics policy development remain, and little evidence regarding how to best incorporate stakeholder feedback into policy-making processes is currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy A. Lemke
- Center for Genomics and Healthcare Equality, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Julie N. Harris-Wai
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California, USA
- Institute for Health and Aging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Chambers DW. The Ethics Awards. J Calif Dent Assoc 2015; 43:705. [PMID: 26819982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Tanta I, Lesinger G. Mediatisation or PR-ization of Public--Media Communication--Analysis of Mediated Communication of Zoran Milanović. Coll Antropol 2015; 39:935-942. [PMID: 26987163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Politicians and their public relations advisors depend on the mass communication media to transmit messages dailyand communicate effectively. The development of the mass media, from traditional to new, has changed the working conditions of these professions where one inevitably affects the other. Consequently, the way of formatting information in the newshas changed, along with the way of monitoring the political developments and informs the public on political activities. Amajor role in this process, over and above the political actors, has advisers for public relations, who choose moments andevents to publicise (PR-ization). With the increasing influence of public relations to media reports, politics also changes thepicture of the media and the impact on media coverage. Similarly, the impact on the manner in which the media reportprocess, what topics will be discussed topics and what tone the given information will have. We are living in a world characterized by mediation (Mazzoleni and Schulz, 1999) of the politics and the society as a whole, because politics and publicrelations necessarily need the media to communicate with their audiences. In this regard, we can talk about PR-izationmedia as the fundamental role of public relations practitioners affect attitudes, which skillfully make careful design ofmessages and events that are not included herein are the three professions each other should one without the other does notmake sense. This paper will focus on the influence of the media on politics and on influence of the public relations as profession in the content media perception. In view of the drawn by daily public appearances of Prime Minister, Zoran Milanovi6,and as says Lali63 few politics-related phenomena have over the past twenty years engaged so many reviews by experts andscholars as the Prime Minister's rhetoric. The particular form of the political communication will be reviewed in this paper.Through the interviews and the content analysis of key moments and statements from the media, we shall try to determinehow the communication by Zoran Milanovi6 has changed with the new public relations advisor, and that the change hasaffected the public attitudes that Milanovi6 communication seen through the media-mediated reality.
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Roberts T. Shining Our Light Brighter Than Ever: Three Years of Successful Public Relations. Beginnings 2015; 35:5-31. [PMID: 26677631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Abstract
With a vast amount of content ranging from legal and financial information to details of activities in your local area, the Alzheimer's Society website is a valuable resource for patients and carers.
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Chief nursing officer says we need to stop talking about poor image. Nurs Stand 2015; 29:7. [PMID: 25990139 DOI: 10.7748/ns.29.38.7.s3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Bernardin S. "Taking the problem to the people": traffic safety from public relations to political theory, 1937-1954. Technol Cult 2015; 56:420-439. [PMID: 26005086 DOI: 10.1353/tech.2015.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The slogan "taking the problem to the people" nicely summarizes U.S. traffic safety campaigns of the 1950s. It refers to the goal of awareness and self-discipline for drivers through education and law enforcement. A detailed analysis of the campaigns, however, shows a subtler objective of the motor interests that promoted it. They wanted to overcome political indifference through a civic mobilization of drivers as citizens, persuading drivers to lobby for traffic control. The analysis of their efforts leads us to question the role-or lack of role-of politicians in scientific and technological controversies.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the history of transnational tobacco companies' use of the term, approach to and perceived benefits of 'harm reduction'. METHODS Analysis of internal tobacco industry documents, contemporary tobacco industry literature and 6 semistructured interviews. RESULTS The 2001 Institute of Medicine report on tobacco harm reduction appears to have been pivotal in shaping industry discourse. Documents suggest British American Tobacco and Philip Morris International adopted the term 'harm reduction' from Institute of Medicine, then proceeded to heavily emphasise the term in their corporate messaging. Documents and interviews suggest harm reduction offered the tobacco industry two main benefits: an opportunity to (re-) establish dialogue with and access to policy makers, scientists and public health groups and to secure reputational benefits via an emerging corporate social responsibility agenda. CONCLUSIONS Transnational tobacco companies' harm reduction discourse should be seen as opportunistic tactical adaptation to policy change rather than a genuine commitment to harm reduction. Care should be taken that this does not undermine gains hitherto secured in efforts to reduce the ability of the tobacco industry to inappropriately influence policy.
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Maitland RI. What it means to be a doctor. Sensitizing the dentist and the student to professionalism. N Y State Dent J 2015; 81:24-28. [PMID: 25928970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Professional demeanor and the inter-personal behavior of the dentist play a large part in building the trust patients measure as they gain confidence in their choice of practitioner. Most of the time, patients experience comfort through the competent, compassionate care of a genuinely respected provider. That important im- age is determined by the ethical and proper relationships every patient encounters. The following discussion brings to the forefront image-damaging episodes that have occurred as a result of unwise or unthinking circumstances playing out not only in the office, but in the community and in private life as well. Can a professional shield the public from disappointing legal, unprofessional entanglements that could cast doubt on the good judgment and safety expected of the doctor? What effects on a practice may be seen?
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Hefler M. USA: Red Cross tobacco funding risks global brand. Tob Control 2015; 24:106-7. [PMID: 25853152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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