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Abcouwer SF, Miglioranza Scavuzzi B, Kish PE, Kong D, Shanmugam S, Le XA, Yao J, Hager H, Zacks DN. The mouse retinal pigment epithelium mounts an innate immune defense response following retinal detachment. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:74. [PMID: 38528525 PMCID: PMC10964713 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) maintains photoreceptor viability and function, completes the visual cycle, and forms the outer blood-retinal barrier (oBRB). Loss of RPE function gives rise to several monogenic retinal dystrophies and contributes to age-related macular degeneration. Retinal detachment (RD) causes separation of the neurosensory retina from the underlying RPE, disrupting the functional and metabolic relationships between these layers. Although the retinal response to RD is highly studied, little is known about how the RPE responds to loss of this interaction. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to compare normal and detached RPE in the C57BL6/J mouse. The naïve mouse RPE transcriptome was compared to previously published RPE signature gene lists and from the union of these 14 genes (Bmp4, Crim1, Degs1, Gja1, Itgav, Mfap3l, Pdpn, Ptgds, Rbp1, Rnf13, Rpe65, Slc4a2, Sulf1 and Ttr) representing a core signature gene set applicable across rodent and human RPE was derived. Gene ontology enrichment analysis (GOEA) of the mouse RPE transcriptome identified expected RPE features and functions, such as pigmentation, phagocytosis, lysosomal and proteasomal degradation of proteins, and barrier function. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) at 1 and 7 days post retinal detachment (dprd) were defined as mRNA with a significant (padj≤0.05) fold change (FC) of 0.67 ≥ FC ≥ 1.5 in detached versus naïve RPE. The RPE transcriptome exhibited dramatic changes at 1 dprd, with 2297 DEG identified. The KEGG pathways and biological process GO groups related to innate immune responses were significantly enriched. Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) and several chemokines were upregulated, while numerous genes related to RPE functions, such as pigment synthesis, visual cycle, phagocytosis, and tight junctions were downregulated at 1 dprd. The response was largely transient, with only 18 significant DEG identified at 7 dprd, including upregulation of complement gene C4b. Validation studies confirmed RNA-Seq results. Thus, the RPE quickly downregulates cell-specific functions and mounts an innate immune defense response following RD. Our data demonstrate that the RPE contributes to the inflammatory response to RD and may play a role in attraction of immune cells to the subretinal space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven F Abcouwer
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medicine, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA.
| | - Bruna Miglioranza Scavuzzi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medicine, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Phillip E Kish
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medicine, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Dejuan Kong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medicine, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Sumathi Shanmugam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medicine, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Xuan An Le
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medicine, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Jingyu Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medicine, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Heather Hager
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medicine, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - David N Zacks
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medicine, 1000 Wall Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
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Xu Q, Luo L, Xiang X, Feng Y, Cao Y, Zeng J, Lv H. Comprehensive exploration of hub genes involved in oxidative stress in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment based on bioinformatics analysis. Exp Eye Res 2024; 240:109810. [PMID: 38296106 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a type of ophthalmologic emergency, if left untreated, the blindness rate approaches 100 %. The RRD patient postoperative recovery of visual function is unsatisfactory, most notably due to photoreceptor death. We conducted to identify the key genes for oxidative stress (OS) in RRD through bioinformatics analysis and clinical validation, thus providing new ideas for the recovery of visual function in RRD patients after surgery. A gene database for RRD was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE28133). Then we screened differentially expressed OS genes (DEOSGs) from the database and assessed the critical pathways in RRD with Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and hub genes among the common DEOSGs were identified. In addition, we collected general information and vitreous fluid from 42 patients with RRD and 22 controls [11 each of epiretinal membrane (EM) and macular hole (MH)], examined the expression levels of proteins encoded by hub genes in vitreous fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to further assess the relationship between the ELISA data and the clinical characteristics of patients with RRD. Ten hub genes (CCL2, ICAM1, STAT3, CD4, ITGAM, PTPRC, CCL5, IL18, TLR2, VCAM1) were finally screened out from the dataset. The ELISA results showed that, compared with the control group, patients with RRD: TLR2 and ICAM-1 were significantly elevated, and CCL2 had a tendency to be elevated, but no statistically significant; RRD patients and MH patients compared with EM patients: STAT3 and VCAM-1 were significantly elevated. We found affected eyes of RRD patients compared with healthy eyes: temporal and nasal retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) were significantly thickened. By correlation analysis, we found that: STAT3 was negatively correlated with ocular perfusion pressure (OPP); temporal RNFL was not only significantly positively correlated with CCL2, but also negatively correlated with Scotopic b-wave amplitude. These findings help us to further explore the mechanism of RRD development and provide new ideas for finding postoperative visual function recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Linbi Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Xiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yalin Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongbin Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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Chen J, Curcio CA, Crosson JN. Shotgun lipidomics of human subretinal fluids under rod-dominant retina reveals cone-dominated lipids. Exp Eye Res 2024; 240:109807. [PMID: 38278468 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Subretinal fluid (SRF) accumulates between photoreceptor outer segments and retinal pigment epithelium during rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Biomolecular components such as lipids originate from cells surrounding the SRF. Knowledge of the composition of these molecules in SRF potentially provides mechanistic insight into the physiologic transfer of lipids between retinal tissue compartments. Using mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry analysis on an electrospray ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer, we identified a total of 115 lipid molecular species of 11 subclasses and 9 classes in two samples from two patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. These included 47 glycerophosphocholines, 6 glycerophosphoethanolamines, 1 glycerophosphoinositol, 18 sphingomyelins, 9 cholesteryl esters, free cholesterol, 3 ceramides, 22 triacylglycerols and 8 free fatty acids. Glycerophosphocholines were of the highest intensity. By minimizing the formation of different adduct forms or clustering ions of different adducts, we determined the relative intensity of lipid molecular species within the same subclasses. The profiles were compared with those of retinal cells available in the published literature. The glycerophosphocholine profile of SRF was similar to that of cone outer segments, suggesting that outer segment degradation products are constitutively released into the interphotoreceptor matrix, appearing in SRF during detachment. This hypothesis was supported by the retinal distributions of corresponding lipid synthases' mRNA expression obtained from an online resource based on publicly available single-cell sequencing data. In contrast, based on lipid profiles and relevant gene expression in this study, the sources of free cholesterol and cholesteryl esters in SRF appeared more ambiguous, possibly reflecting that outer retina takes up plasma lipoproteins. Further studies to identify and quantify lipids in SRF will help better understand etiology of diseases relevant to outer retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Chen
- Center for Biotechnology & Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA, United States; Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA, United States; Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
| | - Christine A Curcio
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
| | - Jason N Crosson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Maidana DE, Gonzalez-Buendia L, Pastor-Puente S, Naqvi A, Paschalis E, Kazlauskas A, Miller JW, Vavvas DG. Peripheral monocytes and neutrophils promote photoreceptor cell death in an experimental retinal detachment model. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:834. [PMID: 38102109 PMCID: PMC10724298 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06350-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Photoreceptor cell death and immune cell infiltration are two major events that contribute to retinal degeneration. However, the relationship between these two events has not been well delineated, primarily because of an inadequate understanding of the immunological processes involved in photoreceptor degeneration, especially that of peripheral leukocytes that infiltrate the subretinal space and retinal tissues. In this work, we characterized the role of leukocyte infiltration within the detached retina. We observed that CD45+ CD11b+ Ly6G+ neutrophils and CD45+ CD11b+ Ly6G- Ly6C+ monocytes are the predominant peripheral immune cell populations that infiltrate the retinal and subretinal space after detachment. Selective depletion of monocytes or neutrophils using cell-specific targeting is neuroprotective for photoreceptors. These results indicate that peripheral innate immune cells contribute to photoreceptor degeneration, and targeting these immune cell populations could be therapeutic during retinal detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Maidana
- Retina Service, Angiogenesis Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lucia Gonzalez-Buendia
- Retina Service, Angiogenesis Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara Pastor-Puente
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Afsar Naqvi
- Mucosal Immunology Lab, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Eleftherios Paschalis
- Retina Service, Angiogenesis Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrius Kazlauskas
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joan W Miller
- Retina Service, Angiogenesis Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Demetrios G Vavvas
- Retina Service, Angiogenesis Lab, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Wang J, Lu L, Zou G, Ye Z, Jin F, Wang L, Ke G, Dong K, Tao L. Transcriptomic Analysis of Retinal Gene in Experimental Retinal Detachment Rats and Exploration of S100A9 and TLR4 in Human Vitreous. Curr Eye Res 2023; 48:1170-1178. [PMID: 37846082 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2023.2254016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To screen for the differentially expressed genes in experimental retinal detachment rats, and to explore the expression of S100 calcium-binding protein A9 and Toll-like receptor 4 in the vitreous of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment patients. METHODS Three rats of experimental retinal detachment and three normal rats were enrolled in the study. Transcriptomics (RNAseq) sequencing technology was used to screen differentially expressed genes in the retinas of the experimental retinal detachment group and the normal group. The selected differentially expressed genes for gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functional enrichment analysis were performed. In addition, the vitreous of 15 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and six patients with the control group were collected. The expressions of S100 calcium-binding protein A9 and Toll-like receptor 4 were detected by Elisa, and the differences in expression levels were analyzed statistically. RESULTS A total of 198 differentially expressed genes were screened by RNAseq sequencing, including 118 upregulated genes and 80 downregulated genes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis confirmed that the most enriched pathway was the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway. Compared to the normal group, the expressions of suppressor of cytokine signaling-3, Storkhead box-2, S100 calcium-binding protein A9, Spi-1 proto-oncogene, phosphodiesterase 1B, and kinesin-light chain 1 mRNA in the retinas of the experimental retinal detachment rats were up-regulated, and the expressions of Max interacting protein 1 and the voltage-gated sodium 1 were down-regulated. Compared to the control group, the expressions of S100 calcium-binding protein A9 and Toll-like receptor 4 were upregulated by Elisa in the vitreous humor of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment patients with a statistically significant difference (p all <.05). CONCLUSION The differentially expressed genes of experimental retinal detachment rats were suppressor of cytokine signaling-3, Storkhead box-2, S100 calcium-binding protein A9, Spi-1 proto-oncogene, phosphodiesterase 1B, kinesin-light chain 1, Max interacting protein 1, voltage-gated sodium 1, etc. The differences of S100 calcium-binding protein A9 and Toll-like receptor 4 expressions between the rhegmatogenous retinal detachment patients and the control group were statistically significant, indicating that they may play a potential role in the inflammatory process of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Gaocheng Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ziyang Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Feiyu Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Genjie Ke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Liming Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Markitantova Y, Fokin A, Boguslavsky D, Simirskii V, Kulikov A. Molecular Signatures Integral to Natural Reprogramming in the Pigment Epithelium Cells after Retinal Detachment in Pleurodeles waltl. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16940. [PMID: 38069262 PMCID: PMC10707686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The reprogramming of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells into retinal cells (transdifferentiation) lies in the bases of retinal regeneration in several Urodela. The identification of the key genes involved in this process helps with looking for approaches to the prevention and treatment of RPE-related degenerative diseases of the human retina. The purpose of our study was to examine the transcriptome changes at initial stages of RPE cell reprogramming in adult newt Pleurodeles waltl. RPE was isolated from the eye samples of day 0, 4, and 7 after experimental surgical detachment of the neural retina and was used for a de novo transcriptome assembly through the RNA-Seq method. A total of 1019 transcripts corresponding to the differently expressed genes have been revealed in silico: the 83 increased the expression at an early stage, and 168 increased the expression at a late stage of RPE reprogramming. We have identified up-regulation of classical early response genes, chaperones and co-chaperones, genes involved in the regulation of protein biosynthesis, suppressors of oncogenes, and EMT-related genes. We revealed the growth in the proportion of down-regulated ribosomal and translation-associated genes. Our findings contribute to revealing the molecular mechanism of RPE reprogramming in Urodela.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vladimir Simirskii
- Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia; (Y.M.); (A.K.)
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Gao X, Wang L, Lu X, Yan Y, Guo Y, Wang J, Lu L, Dong K. The Expression of Parthanatos Markers and miR-7 Mimic Protects Photoreceptors from Parthanatos by Repressing α-Synuclein in Retinal Detachment. Am J Pathol 2023; 193:1833-1844. [PMID: 37423550 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Retinal detachment (RD) refers to the separation between the neuroepithelium and the pigment epithelium layer. It is an important disease leading to irreversible vision damage worldwide, in which photoreceptor cell death plays a major role. α-Synuclein (α-syn) is reportedly involved in numerous mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases, but the association with photoreceptor damage in RD has not been studied. In this study, elevated transcription levels of α-syn and parthanatos proteins were observed in the vitreous of patients with RD. The expression of α-syn- and parthanatos-related proteins was increased in experimental rat RD, and was involved in the mechanism of photoreceptor damage, which was related to the decreased expression of miR-7a-5p (miR-7). Interestingly, subretinal injection of miR-7 mimic in rats with RD inhibited the expression of retinal α-syn and down-regulated the parthanatos pathway, thereby protecting retinal structure and function. In addition, interference with α-syn in 661W cells decreased the expression of parthanatos death pathway in oxygen and glucose deprivation model. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the presence of parthanatos-related proteins in patients with RD and the role of the miR-7/α-syn/parthanatos pathway in photoreceptor damage in RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Lisong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xing Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yuanye Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Graduate School, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Kai Dong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
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Tabor SJ, Yuda K, Deck J, Gnanaguru G, Connor KM. Retinal Injury Activates Complement Expression in Müller Cells Leading to Neuroinflammation and Photoreceptor Cell Death. Cells 2023; 12:1754. [PMID: 37443787 PMCID: PMC10340218 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal detachment (RD) is a neurodegenerative blinding disease caused by plethora of clinical conditions. RD is characterized by the physical separation of retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), eventually leading to photoreceptor cell death, inflammation, and vision loss. Albeit the activation of complement plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of RD, the retinal cellular source for complement production remains elusive. Here, using C3 tdTomato reporter mice we show that retinal injury upregulates C3 expression, specifically in Müller cells. Activation of the complement cascade results in the generation of proinflammatory cleaved products, C3a and C5a, that bind C3aR and C5aR1, respectively. Our flow cytometry data show that retinal injury significantly upregulated C3aR and C5aR1 in microglia and resulted in the infiltration of peripheral immune cells. Loss of C3, C5, C3aR or C5aR1 reduced photoreceptor cell death and infiltration of microglia and peripheral immune cells into the sub-retinal space. These results indicate that C3/C3aR and C5/C5aR1 play a crucial role in eliciting photoreceptor degeneration and inflammatory responses in RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J. Tabor
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kentaro Yuda
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jonathan Deck
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Gopalan Gnanaguru
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kip M. Connor
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Ross BX, Jia L, Kong D, Wang T, Yao J, Hager HM, Abcouwer SF, Zacks DN. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α in Rods Is Neuroprotective Following Retinal Detachment. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:7. [PMID: 36223101 PMCID: PMC9583748 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.11.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Following retinal detachment (RD) photoreceptors (PRs) sustain hypoxic stress and eventually die. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) plays a central role in cellular adaptation to hypoxia. The purpose of this study is to determine the necessity of HIF-1α on PR cell survival after RD. Methods Experimental RD was created in mice by injection of hyaluronic acid (1%) into the subretinal space. Mice with conditional HIF-1α knockout in rods (denoted as HIF-1αΔrod) were used. HIF-1α expression in retinas was measured real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. PR cell death after RD was evaluated using TUNEL assay. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and histology were used to evaluate retinal layer thicknesses and PR cell densities. A hypoxia signaling pathway PCR array was used to examine the expression of HIF-1α target genes after RD. Results HIF-1α protein levels were significantly increased after RD, and depletion of HIF-1α in rods blunted this increase. A compensatory increase of HIF-2α protein was observed in HIF-1αΔrod mice. Conditional knockout (cKO) of HIF-1α in rods did not lead to any morphologic change in attached retinas but resulted in significantly increased PR cell loss after RD. HIF-1α cKO in rods altered the responses to retinal detachment for 25 out of 83 HIF-1α target genes that were highly enriched for genes involved in glycolysis. Conclusions Rod-derived HIF-1α plays a key role in the PR response to RD, mediating the transcriptional activity of a battery of genes to promote PR cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing X. Ross
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan Medical School, Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Lin Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan Medical School, Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Dejuan Kong
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan Medical School, Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan Medical School, Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyu Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan Medical School, Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Heather M. Hager
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan Medical School, Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Steven F. Abcouwer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan Medical School, Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - David N. Zacks
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan Medical School, Kellogg Eye Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
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Jin H, Cai W, Yu D, Fan J, Liu Q, Yu J. Development of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Is Attenuated by Chicken Ovalbumin Upstream Promoter Transcriptional Factor 1 Via Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Discov Med 2022; 34:103-113. [PMID: 36333112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is an intractable condition after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD), which is the primary cause of failure in retinal reattachment surgery. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcriptional factor 1 (COUP-TF1) in the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) both in vitro and in vivo. Adult retinal pigment epithelium cell line was used for in-vitro experiments. Immunocytochemistry assay, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot were used to measure the expression of COUP-TF1, alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and E-cadherin. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was observed through cell counting kit-8 assay, wound healing tests, and the expression changes of related proteins. PVR rabbit models were established and evaluated by the images of fundus and vitreous cavity, pathological sections, and COUP-TF1 expression. As shown by our results, the proliferation and migration of the COUP-TF1 knockdown cells were reduced compared with the control cells with or without transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) treatment. After TGF-β1 treatment, α-SMA expression was upregulated in ARPE-19 cells but kept the same in COUP-TF1 knockdown cells. E-cadherin expression was down-regulated in all the groups but the extent of the decrease in COUP-TF1 knockdown cells was smaller. EMT was attenuated in ARPE-19 cells after COUP-TF1 was knocked down. In the in-vivo experiment, PVR severity was attenuated and the retinal detachment rate decreased on the 14th and 28th day in COUP-TF1 knockdown group. In conclusion, COUP-TF1 is related to the development of PVR, and COUP-TF1 knockdown attenuates the progression of PVR. This suggests that COUP-TF1 can be a promising candidate for the treatment of PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizi Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Wenting Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Donghui Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200070, China
| | - Jiaqi Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200070, China
- Corresponding author
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11
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Wang Y, Zhao X, Gao M, Wan X, Guo Y, Qu Y, Chen Y, Li T, Liu H, Jiang M, Wang F, Sun X. Myosin 1f-mediated activation of microglia contributes to the photoreceptor degeneration in a mouse model of retinal detachment. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:926. [PMID: 34628463 PMCID: PMC8502177 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03983-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Photoreceptor death and neurodegeneration is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss. The inflammatory response of microglia plays an important role in the process of neurodegeneration. In this study, we chose retinal detachment as the model of photoreceptor degeneration. We found Myosin 1f was upregulated after retinal detachment, and it was specifically expressed in microglia. Deficiency of myosin 1f protected against photoreceptor apoptosis by inhibiting microglia activation. The elimination of microglia can abolish the protective effect of myosin 1f deficiency. After stimulation by LPS, microglia with myosin 1f deficiency showed downregulation of the MAPK and AKT pathways. Our results demonstrated that myosin 1f plays a crucial role in microglia-induced neuroinflammation after retinal injury and photoreceptor degeneration by regulating two classic inflammatory pathways and thereby decreasing the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Knockout of myosin 1f reduces the intensity of the immune response and prevents cell death of photoreceptor, suggesting that myosin 1f can be inhibited to prevent a decline in visual acuity after retinal detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Wang
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohuan Zhao
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Gao
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Wan
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinong Guo
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Qu
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhong Chen
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Li
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyun Liu
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai General Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Eye Disease, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Ross BX, Jia L, Kong D, Wang T, Hager HM, Abcouwer SF, Zacks DN. Conditional Knock out of High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) in Rods Reduces Autophagy Activation after Retinal Detachment. Cells 2021; 10:2010. [PMID: 34440779 PMCID: PMC8394251 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
After retinal detachment (RD), the induction of autophagy protects photoreceptors (PR) from apoptotic cell death. The cytoplasmic high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) promotes autophagy. We previously demonstrated that the deletion of HMGB1 from rod PRs results in a more rapid death of these cells after RD. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that the lack of HMGB1 accelerates PR death after RD due to the reduced activation of protective autophagy in the retina after RD. The injection of 1% hyaluronic acid into the subretinal space was used to create acute RD in mice with a rhodopsin-Cre-mediated conditional knockout (cKO) of HMGB1 in rods (HMGB1Δrod) and littermate controls. RD sharply increased the number of apoptotic cells in the outer nuclear layer (ONL), and this number was further increased in HMGB1Δrod mouse retinas. The activation of autophagy after RD was reduced in the HMGB1Δrod mouse retinas compared to controls, as evidenced by diminished levels of autophagy regulatory proteins LC3-II, Beclin1, ATG5/12, and phospho-ATG16L1. The cKO of HMGB1 in rods increased the expression of Fas and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in detached retinas, promoting apoptotic cell death. In conclusion, endogenous HMGB1 facilitates autophagy activation in PR cells following RD to promote PR cell survival and reduce programmed apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing X. Ross
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall St, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (B.X.R.); (L.J.); (D.K.); (T.W.); (H.M.H.); (S.F.A.)
| | - Lin Jia
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall St, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (B.X.R.); (L.J.); (D.K.); (T.W.); (H.M.H.); (S.F.A.)
| | - Dejuan Kong
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall St, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (B.X.R.); (L.J.); (D.K.); (T.W.); (H.M.H.); (S.F.A.)
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall St, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (B.X.R.); (L.J.); (D.K.); (T.W.); (H.M.H.); (S.F.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Heather M. Hager
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall St, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (B.X.R.); (L.J.); (D.K.); (T.W.); (H.M.H.); (S.F.A.)
| | - Steven F. Abcouwer
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall St, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (B.X.R.); (L.J.); (D.K.); (T.W.); (H.M.H.); (S.F.A.)
| | - David N. Zacks
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall St, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA; (B.X.R.); (L.J.); (D.K.); (T.W.); (H.M.H.); (S.F.A.)
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13
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Daruich A, Jaworski T, Henry H, Zola M, Youale J, Parenti L, Naud MC, Delaunay K, Bertrand M, Berdugo M, Kowalczuk L, Boatright J, Picard E, Behar-Cohen F. Oral Ursodeoxycholic Acid Crosses the Blood Retinal Barrier in Patients with Retinal Detachment and Protects Against Retinal Degeneration in an Ex Vivo Model. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:1325-1338. [PMID: 33537951 PMCID: PMC8423962 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) is a threatening visual condition and a human disease model for retinal degenerations. Despite successful reattachment surgery, vision does not fully recover, due to subretinal fluid accumulation and subsequent photoreceptor cell death, through mechanisms that recapitulate those of retinal degenerative diseases. Hydrophilic bile acids are neuroprotective in animal models, but whether they can be used orally for retinal diseases is unknown. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) being approved for clinical use (e.g., in cholestasis), we have evaluated the ocular bioavailability of oral UDCA, administered to patients before RD surgery. The level of UDCA in ocular media correlated with the extent of blood retinal barrier disruption, evaluated by the extent of detachment and the albumin concentration in subretinal fluid. UDCA, at levels measured in ocular media, protected photoreceptors from apoptosis and necrosis in rat retinal explants, an ex vivo model of RD. The subretinal fluid from UDCA-treated patients, collected during surgery, significantly protected rat retinal explants from cell death, when compared to subretinal fluid from control patients. Pan-transcriptomic analysis of the retina showed that UDCA upregulated anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory genes. Oral UDCA is a potential neuroprotective adjuvant therapy in RD and other retinal degenerative diseases and should be further evaluated in a clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Daruich
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Ophthalmology Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thara Jaworski
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hugues Henry
- Innovation and Development Laboratory, Clinical Chemistry Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marta Zola
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jenny Youale
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Léa Parenti
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Naud
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Kimberley Delaunay
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Bertrand
- Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (ICM), INSERM, CNRS, AP-HP, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marianne Berdugo
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laura Kowalczuk
- Ophthalmology Department, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey Boatright
- Ophthalmology Department, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center of Excellence, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Emilie Picard
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, Université de Paris, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
- Ophtalmopole, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
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14
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Bosch-Morell F, García-Gen E, Mérida S, Penadés M, Desco C, Navea A. Lipid Peroxidation in Subretinal Fluid: Some Light on the Prognosis Factors. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040514. [PMID: 33808427 PMCID: PMC8065644 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify a relation between the clinical characteristics and differences in lipid peroxidation in the subretinal fluid (SRF) of rhegmatogenous retinal detached patients by malondialdehyde (MDA) quantification. We collected 65 SRF samples from consecutive patients during scleral buckling surgery in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) eyes. In addition to a complete ophthalmic evaluation, we studied the refractive status, evolution time, and the number of detached retinal quadrants to establish the extension of RRD. We studied the clinical aspects and oxidative stress and compared the characteristics among groups. We found that neither the evolution time of RRD nor the patients’ age correlated with the MDA concentration in the SRF. The MDA and the protein content of the SRF increased in the patients with high myopia and with more extended RRD. Our results suggest that oxidative imbalance was important in more extended retinal detachment (RD) and in myopic eyes and should be taken into account in the managing of these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Bosch-Morell
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Av. Seminario s/n, 46113 Valencia, Spain; (F.B.-M.); (E.G.-G.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (C.D.)
- Thematic Cooperative Health Network for Research in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III Health Institute, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique García-Gen
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Av. Seminario s/n, 46113 Valencia, Spain; (F.B.-M.); (E.G.-G.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (C.D.)
| | - Salvador Mérida
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Av. Seminario s/n, 46113 Valencia, Spain; (F.B.-M.); (E.G.-G.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (C.D.)
- Thematic Cooperative Health Network for Research in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III Health Institute, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariola Penadés
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Av. Seminario s/n, 46113 Valencia, Spain; (F.B.-M.); (E.G.-G.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (C.D.)
- Thematic Cooperative Health Network for Research in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III Health Institute, 28220 Madrid, Spain
- FISABIO Oftalmología Médica, Retina Unit Pío Baroja 12, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Desco
- Departamento Ciencias Biomédicas, Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Av. Seminario s/n, 46113 Valencia, Spain; (F.B.-M.); (E.G.-G.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (C.D.)
- Thematic Cooperative Health Network for Research in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III Health Institute, 28220 Madrid, Spain
- FISABIO Oftalmología Médica, Retina Unit Pío Baroja 12, 46015 Valencia, Spain
| | - Amparo Navea
- Thematic Cooperative Health Network for Research in Ophthalmology (Oftared), Carlos III Health Institute, 28220 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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15
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Nezu N, Usui Y, Saito A, Shimizu H, Asakage M, Yamakawa N, Tsubota K, Wakabayashi Y, Narimatsu A, Umazume K, Maruyama K, Sugimoto M, Kuroda M, Goto H. Machine Learning Approach for Intraocular Disease Prediction Based on Aqueous Humor Immune Mediator Profiles. Ophthalmology 2021; 128:1197-1208. [PMID: 33484732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Various immune mediators have crucial roles in the pathogenesis of intraocular diseases. Machine learning can be used to automatically select and weigh various predictors to develop models maximizing predictive power. However, these techniques have not yet been applied extensively in studies focused on intraocular diseases. We evaluated whether 5 machine learning algorithms applied to the data of immune-mediator levels in aqueous humor can predict the actual diagnoses of 17 selected intraocular diseases and identified which immune mediators drive the predictive power of a machine learning model. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Five hundred twelve eyes with diagnoses from among 17 intraocular diseases. METHODS Aqueous humor samples were collected, and the concentrations of 28 immune mediators were determined using a cytometric bead array. Each immune mediator was ranked according to its importance using 5 machine learning algorithms. Stratified k-fold cross-validation was used in evaluation of algorithms with the dataset divided into training and test datasets. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The algorithms were evaluated in terms of precision, recall, accuracy, F-score, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, area under the precision-recall curve, and mean decrease in Gini index. RESULTS Among the 5 machine learning models, random forest (RF) yielded the highest classification accuracy in multiclass differentiation of 17 intraocular diseases. The RF prediction models for vitreoretinal lymphoma, acute retinal necrosis, endophthalmitis, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and primary open-angle glaucoma achieved the highest classification accuracy, precision, and recall. Random forest recognized vitreoretinal lymphoma, acute retinal necrosis, endophthalmitis, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and primary open-angle glaucoma with the top 5 F-scores. The 3 highest-ranking relevant immune mediators were interleukin (IL)-10, interferon-γ-inducible protein (IP)-10, and angiogenin for prediction of vitreoretinal lymphoma; monokine induced by interferon γ, interferon γ, and IP-10 for acute retinal necrosis; and IL-6, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and IL-8 for endophthalmitis. CONCLUSIONS Random forest algorithms based on 28 immune mediators in aqueous humor successfully predicted the diagnosis of vitreoretinal lymphoma, acute retinal necrosis, and endophthalmitis. Overall, the findings of the present study contribute to increased knowledge on new biomarkers that potentially can facilitate diagnosis of intraocular diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Nezu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Usui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Akira Saito
- Department of AI Applied Quantitative Clinical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimizu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Asakage
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Yamakawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kinya Tsubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Akitomo Narimatsu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Umazume
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Maruyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sugimoto
- Research and Development Center for Minimally Invasive Therapies, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kuroda
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Goto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Niu R, Wang J, Geng C, Li Y, Dong L, Liu L, Chang Y, Shen J, Nie Z, Zhang Y, Hu B. Tandem mass tag-based proteomic analysis reveals cathepsin-mediated anti-autophagic and pro-apoptotic effects under proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:973-990. [PMID: 33293479 PMCID: PMC7835038 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a severe complication of diabetes and can cause blindness. However, the available therapeutic modalities to PDR have unsatisfactory efficacies and incur adverse effects, which is due to the paucity in the understanding of pathogenic mechanisms responsible for the disease. In this study, tandem mass tag labeling technology combined with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry were utilized to identify differentially expressed proteins in vitreous humor of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and PDR. The data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD021788. Afterwards, the downregulated protein expression of Cathepsin B, D, and L was verified in vitreous and serum of another cohort. The gene expression profiling of the 3 cathepsins was confirmed in blood cells of an extra cohort. Furthermore, in high glucose (HG)-treated retinal vascular endothelial cell cultures recapitulating the cathepsin expression patterns, Cathepsin B or D downregulation mediated the HG-induced anti-autophagic and pro-apoptotic effects, thereby may contribute to vascular lesions under hyperglycemia. This study demonstrates previously undescribed expression patterns of cathepsins, reveals a novel cathepsin-involved pathogenic mechanism under PDR, and sheds light on potential therapeutic targets to this debilitating retinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Niu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jindan Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chao Geng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yahong Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijie Dong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuwen Chang
- Hetian District People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jianqun Shen
- Hetian District People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zetong Nie
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bojie Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Centre of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China
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17
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Neffendorf JE, Guillemaut JY, Hutter JC, Ho J, Williamson TH. Effect of Aqueous Dynamics on Gas Behavior Following Retinal Reattachment Surgery. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2020; 51:522-528. [PMID: 32955592 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20200831-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE To determine how the gas concentration in air required to achieve full postoperative vitreous cavity fill varies in different aqueous outflow states. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mathematical model was used to estimate gas dynamics. The change in gas bubble volume over time was calculated in an eye with normal aqueous outflow, ocular hypertension (OHT), and OHT with apraclonidine treatment. RESULTS The concentration required was higher for all gases to achieve a full postoperative fill in OHT eyes versus normal eyes. Optimal gas concentrations were 22.6% for SF6, 13.9% for C2F6, and 11.6% for C3F8. Despite this, in OHT, the fill achieved was 95%, 95%, and 94% for SF6, C2F6, and C3F8, respectively. With apraclonidine, percentage fill improved for all gases. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to show aqueous outflow affects bubble size and indicates eyes with reduced outflow are at risk of underfill. This can ultimately affect surgical success. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51:522-528.].
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Nepita I, Repetto R, Pralits JO, Romano MR, Ravera F, Santini E, Liggieri L. The Role of Endogenous Proteins on the Emulsification of Silicone Oils Used in Vitreoretinal Surgery. Biomed Res Int 2020; 2020:2915010. [PMID: 32904511 PMCID: PMC7456493 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2915010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present work is aimed at investigating the chemicophysical properties of the interface between silicone oils (SOs) used in vitreoretinal surgery and aqueous solutions, in the presence of surfactant biomolecules. Such molecules are thought to play an important role in the formation of SO emulsions in vitrectomised eyes, in which the natural vitreous body has been replaced with a SO. In particular, we have measured the interfacial tension (IT) and the interfacial dilational viscoelasticity (DV) of the interface between SO (Siluron 1000) and serum proteins (albumin and γ-globulins) at various concentrations in a Dulbecco alkaline buffer. The equilibrium IT value is relevant for the onset of emulsification, and the DV influences the stability of an emulsion, once formed. The study is complemented by preliminary emulsification tests. The experimental results show that, when proteins are dissolved in the aqueous solution, the rheological properties of the interface change. The IT decreases significantly for physiological protein concentrations, and the DV modulus achieves high values, even for small protein concentrations. The emulsification tests confirm that, in the presence of proteins, emulsions are stable on the time scale of months. We conclude that the measured values of IT in the presence of serum proteins are compatible with the promotion of droplet formation, which, in addition, are expected to be stable against coalescence. Adsorption of biomolecules at the interface with the SO is, therefore, likely to play an important role in the generation of an emulsion in eyes subjected to vitrectomy. These findings are relevant to identify strategies to avoid or control the formation of emulsions in eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Nepita
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Via Montallegro 1, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Repetto
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Via Montallegro 1, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Jan O. Pralits
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, Via Montallegro 1, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario R. Romano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20089 Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ravera
- CNR-Institute for Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy, Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - Eva Santini
- CNR-Institute for Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy, Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - Libero Liggieri
- CNR-Institute for Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy, Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genoa, Italy
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Balogh A, Milibák T, Szabó V, Nagy ZZ, Resch MD. Position of macula lutea and presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy affect vitreous cytokine expression in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234525. [PMID: 32542038 PMCID: PMC7295219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Our purpose was to evaluate the concentrations of vitreous cytokines in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). We hypothesized that patients with macula on RRD have lower levels of cytokines compared to patients with macula off RRD and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Vitreous fluids were collected during 23G pars plana vitrectomy from 58 eyes of 58 patients. Indication for vitrectomy included macula off and macula on RRD, PVR, and idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM). A multiplex chemiluminescent immunoassay was performed to measure the concentrations of 48 cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Levels of HGF, IL-6, IL-8, IL-16, IFN-gamma, MCP-1, and MIF were significantly higher in all groups of retinal detachment compared to ERM. Levels of CTACK, eotaxin, G-CSF, IP-10, MIG, SCF, SCGF-beta, SDF-1alpha were significantly higher in PVR compared to macula on RRD and ERM. Levels of IL-1ra, IL-5, IL-9, M-CSF, MIP-1alpha, and TRIAL were significantly higher in PVR compared to macula on RRD. Our results indicate that the position of macula lutea and the presence of PVR significantly influence vitreous cytokine expression. The detected proteins may serve as biomarkers to estimate the possibility of PVR formation and may help to invent personalized therapeutic strategies to slow down or prevent PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anikó Balogh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Uzsoki Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Milibák
- Department of Ophthalmology, Uzsoki Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktória Szabó
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Zsolt Nagy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós D. Resch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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Ross BX, Choi J, Yao J, Hager HM, Abcouwer SF, Zacks DN. Loss of High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Protein in Rods Accelerates Rod Photoreceptor Degeneration After Retinal Detachment. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:50. [PMID: 32460314 PMCID: PMC7405795 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.5.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Retinal detachment (RD) disrupts the nutritional support and oxygen delivery to photoreceptors (PRs), ultimately causing cell death. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) can serve as an extracellular alarmin when released from stressed cells. PRs release HMGB1 after RD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between HMGB1 and PR survival after RD. Methods Acute RD was created by injection of hyaluronic acid (1%) into the subretinal space in C57BL/6 mice and mice with a rhodopsin-Cre-mediated conditional knockout (cKO) of HMGB1 in rods (HMGB1ΔRod). Immunofluorescence (IF) in retinal sections was used to localize HMGB1, rhodopsin, and Iba-1 proteins. Optical coherence tomography and electroretinography were used to quantify retinal thickness and function, respectively. The morphology of the retina was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin. Results HMGB1 protein was localized to the nuclei of all retinal neurons, including PRs, with cones staining more intensely than rods. HMGB1 protein was also found in the inner and outer segments of cones but not rods. Creation of RD caused a dramatic increase of HMGB1 protein IF in rods. cKO of HMGB1 in rods did not affect retinal structure or function. However, after RD, loss of rods and reduction in the thickness of the outer nuclear layer were significantly increased in the HMGB1ΔRod retinas as compared to the control. Interestingly, depletion of HMGB1 in rods did not affect the activation and mobilization of microglia/macrophages normally seen after RD. Conclusions Increased HMGB1 expression in stressed rods may represent an intrinsic mechanism regulating their survival after RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing X. Ross
- Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Joanne Choi
- Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Jingyu Yao
- Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Heather M. Hager
- Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Steven F. Abcouwer
- Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - David N. Zacks
- Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
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21
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Ni Y, Qin Y, Huang Z, Liu F, Zhang S, Zhang Z. Distinct Serum and Vitreous Inflammation-Related Factor Profiles in Patients with Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy. Adv Ther 2020; 37:2550-2559. [PMID: 32274748 PMCID: PMC7467460 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), which is regulated by growth factors and cytokines, is the leading cause of failure in vitreoretinal surgery. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of the human serum and vitreous inflammation-related factors in the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). METHODS Blood and vitreous samples were obtained from patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy. Inflammation-related factors were detected using an immunology multiplex assay on a Luminex® xMAP® platform. Patients with PVR and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) were compared with macular hole (MH) or epiretinal membrane (ERM) patients without any other ocular or systemic disease. RESULTS Thirty-six serum samples and 34 vitreous samples were obtained. Thirty-one different growth factors and cytokines were detected in serum samples. However, none of the circulating growth factors and cytokines were found to be different from the controls. Ten different growth factors and cytokines were measured in the vitreous samples. The concentration levels of PDGF-AA, TGF-α, VEGF, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFβ were found to have significantly increased in the vitreous of PVR patients. CONCLUSION Our study found that none of the circulating inflammation-related factors were changed in PVR or RRD patients, indicating the absence of a system inflammatory biomarkers to predict the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. As a supplement to previous research, the concentrations of PDGF-AA, TGF-α, VEGF, IL-6, IL-8, and TNFβ were significantly upregulated in the vitreous of PVR patients. These factors should be considered for preventing PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingyan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijing Huang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China
| | - Fangyuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaochong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhaotian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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22
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Vujosevic S, Toma C, Villani E, Muraca A, Torti E, Florimbi G, Leporati F, Brambilla M, Nucci P, De Cilla' S. Diabetic macular edema with neuroretinal detachment: OCT and OCT-angiography biomarkers of treatment response to anti-VEGF and steroids. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:287-296. [PMID: 31541333 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01424-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess and compare early changes in neuroinflammatory and vascular parameters in diabetic macular edema (DME) with subfoveal neuroretinal detachment (SND) after treatment with intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX-I) and ranibizumab (IVR). METHODS Thirty-three eyes (33 patients) with treatment naïve DME with SND were retrospectively evaluated at baseline and 2 months after DEX-I (15 eyes) and 1 month after 3 monthly IVR injections (18 eyes). Inclusion criteria were: complete eye examination, good quality OCT and OCT-A images. OCT parameters included: central macular thickness (CMT); number of hyper-reflective retinal spots (HRS) in inner, outer (IR, OR) and full retina; choroidal thickness (CT), extent of disorganization of inner retinal layers (DRIL), outer retina integrity (OR). On OCT-A: foveal avascular zone (FAZ) parameters in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP); cysts area and perfusion density (PD) in SCP and deep capillary plexus (DCP) and flow voids (FV) in choriocapillaris. FAZ was analyzed using ImageJ, perfusion parameters and FV using MATLAB. RESULTS BCVA increased equally after both treatments (13.0 ± 10.0 ETDRS letters, p < 0.0001). There was a similar decrease (p < 0.05) in: height of SND, cysts area at SCP, central and mean CT, increase in FAZ perimeter and OR integrity, after both treatments. A greater decrease in DEX-I versus IVR group was found in: CMT (- 38.7% vs. - 22.2%, p = 0.012), HRS number in IR (- 29.2% vs. - 14.0%, p = 0.05) and full retina (- 24.7% vs. - 8.0%, p = 0.03), DRIL extension (- 62.0% vs. - 24%, p = 0.008), cysts area at DCP (- 68.7% vs. - 26.1%, p = 0.03), FAZ-CI (- 19.1% vs. - 8.3%, p = 0.02), PD at DCP (- 27.5% vs. + 4.9%, p = 0.02). FV did not change. CONCLUSIONS More pronounced changes in specific inflammatory parameters in the inner retina are documented after steroid versus anti-VEGF treatment. These include reduction in HRS number, DRIL extension, CMT, cysts area at DCP. These data may help in further study of noninvasive imaging biomarkers for better evaluation of treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stela Vujosevic
- Eye Clinic, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100, Novara, Italy.
| | - Caterina Toma
- Eye Clinic, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Edoardo Villani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Eye Clinic San Giuseppe Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Muraca
- Eye Clinic, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Emanuele Torti
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giordana Florimbi
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Leporati
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Brambilla
- Department of Medical Physics, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Paolo Nucci
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Eye Clinic San Giuseppe Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano De Cilla'
- Eye Clinic, University Hospital Maggiore della Carità, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University East Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
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23
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Zhang SS, Hu JQ, Liu XH, Chen LX, Chen H, Guo XH, Huang QB. Role of Moesin Phosphorylation in Retinal Pericyte Migration and Detachment Induced by Advanced Glycation Endproducts. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:603450. [PMID: 33312163 PMCID: PMC7708375 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.603450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) involves persistent, uncontrolled formation of premature blood vessels with reduced number of pericytes. Our previous work showed that advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) induced angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, mouse retina, and aortic ring, which was associated with moesin phosphorylation. Here we investigated whether moesin phosphorylation may contribute to pericyte detachment and the development of PDR. Primary retinal microvascular pericytes (RMPs) were isolated, purified from weanling rats, and identified by cellular markers α-SMA, PDGFR-β, NG2, and desmin using immunofluorescence microscopy. Effects of AGE-BSA on proliferation and migration of RMPs were examined using CCK-8, wound healing, and transwell assays. Effects on moesin phosphorylation were examined using western blotting. The RMP response to AGE-BSA was also examined when cells expressed the non-phosphorylatable Thr558Ala mutant or phospho-mimicking Thr558Asp mutant of moesin or were treated with ROCK inhibitor Y27632. Colocalization and interaction between CD44, phospho-moesin, and F-actin were observed. Experiments with cultured primary RMPs showed that AGE-BSA inhibited the proliferation, enhanced the migration, and increased moesin phosphorylation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. AGE-BSA also triggered the rearrangement of F-actin and promoted the interaction of CD44 with phospho-moesin in RMPs. These effects were abrogated in cells expressing the non-phosphorylatable moesin mutant and the application of ROCK inhibitor Y27632 attenuated AGE-induced alteration in cultured RMPs by abolishing the phosphorylation of moesin. However, those AGE-induced pathological process occurred in RMPs expressed the phospho-mimicking moesin without AGE-BSA treatment. It is concluded that AGEs could activate ROCK to mediate moesin phosphorylation at Thr558, and resulting phospho-moesin interacts with CD44 to form CD44 cluster, which might stimulate the migration of RMPs and subsequent RMP detachment in microvessel. This pathway may provide new drug targets against immature neovessel formation in PDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Shuang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Shock and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Qing Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Shock and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Liu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Xian Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Shock and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Shock and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao-Bing Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Shock and Microcirculation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Trauma Care Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qiao-Bing Huang,
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Batsos G, Christodoulou E, Vartholomatos G, Galanis P, Stefaniotou M. Vitreous levels of Lipocalin-2 on patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0227266. [PMID: 31891637 PMCID: PMC6938320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To measure vitreous levels of Lipocalin2 (LCN2) in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and investigate potential association with presence of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Materials and methods Collection of undiluted vitreous samples from 24 patients suffering from RRD and 10 control patients undergoing vitrectomy for: vitreomacular traction (VMT) (n = 2), idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) (n = 6) and full thickness macular hole (FTMH) (n = 2). Quantitative analysis of LCN2 has been made with flow cytometry. Lens status, duration of symptoms, quadrants of detachment, as well as level of PVR, were assessed. Statistical analysis included Mann-Whitney test, Kruskal-Wallis test, t-test, Spearman’s correlation coefficient and Fisher's exact test. Results Median LCN2 was significantly higher in the RRD group as compared to control (p<0.001). Within the RRD group there was a positive correlation between LCN2 and PVR grade (rs = 0.94, p<0.001). Median LCN2 was 35,759 pg/ml (IR = 55,347) in grade C PVR, 9,387 pg/ml (IR = 3721) in grade B, 4,917 pg/ml (IR = non computable) in grade A and 3,921 pg/ml (2132) in the no PVR group. Median LCN2 was also significantly higher in pseudophakic patients as compared to phakic patients (p = 0.007). LCN2 also correlates with the extend of detachment (≤2 vs >2 quadrants, p<0.001) as well as with duration of symptoms (rs = 0.87, p<0.001). After multivariate linear regression analysis, only PVR was independently related with LCN2 concentration. In particular, increased PVR grading was associated with increased LCN2 concentration (coefficient b = 2.97, 95% confidence interval = 1.89 to 4.67, p<0.001). Conclusion A positive correlation between vitreous levels of LCN2 and PVR grading reveals a potential role in the pathogenesis and progression of PVR. Further studies could elucidate if LCN2 could be a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Batsos
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital Of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Georgios Vartholomatos
- Haematology Laboratory Unit of Molecular Biology, University Hospital Of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Petros Galanis
- Center for Health Services Management and Evaluation, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Stefaniotou
- Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital Of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Abstract
To determine characteristics of diabetic macular edema patients with serous retinal detachment (SRD).We classified naïve diabetic macular edema (DME) patients with or without SRD, and compared their baseline characteristics; intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) responsiveness; aqueous concentrations of IL (interleukin)-1β, -2, -8, -10, -17, placental growth factor (PlGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In addition, factors associated with the existence of SRD were identified.Of the 64 DME patients, 14 had SRD. The average levels of aqueous VEGF and PlGF were significantly higher in the SRD group than in the control group (P = .022 and P = .041, respectively). The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield thickness (CST) did not differ significantly between the 2 groups at baseline or after 3 consecutive monthly IVBs. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the level of aqueous VEGF was the only factor associated with the existence of SRD (odds ratio: 1.03; P = .038).Rather than aqueous inflammatory cytokines, levels of aqueous VEGFs were associated with the occurrence of SRD in DME patients. In terms of prognosis, the existence of SRD was not related with BCVA or CST changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Bin Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea
| | - Donghyun Jee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea
| | - Jin-woo Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea
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Harper DJ, Konegger T, Augustin M, Schützenberger K, Eugui P, Lichtenegger A, Merkle CW, Hitzenberger CK, Glösmann M, Baumann B. Hyperspectral optical coherence tomography for in vivo visualization of melanin in the retinal pigment epithelium. J Biophotonics 2019; 12:e201900153. [PMID: 31334610 PMCID: PMC7065636 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies for melanin visualization in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) have exploited either its absorption properties (using photoacoustic tomography or photothermal optical coherence tomography [OCT]) or its depolarization properties (using polarization sensitive OCT). However, these methods are only suitable when the melanin concentration is sufficiently high. In this work, we present the concept of hyperspectral OCT for melanin visualization in the RPE when the concentration is low. Based on white light OCT, a hyperspectral stack of 27 wavelengths (440-700 nm) was created in post-processing for each depth-resolved image. Owing to the size and shape of the melanin granules in the RPE, the variations in backscattering coefficient as a function of wavelength could be identified-a result which is to be expected from Mie theory. This effect was successfully identified both in eumelanin-containing phantoms and in vivo in the low-concentration Brown Norway rat RPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J. Harper
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Konegger
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU WienViennaAustria
| | - Marco Augustin
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Kornelia Schützenberger
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Pablo Eugui
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Antonia Lichtenegger
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Conrad W. Merkle
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | - Martin Glösmann
- Core Facility for Research and TechnologyUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
| | - Bernhard Baumann
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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27
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Kobayashi M, Iwase T, Yamamoto K, Ra E, Hirata N, Terasaki H. Influence of submacular fluid on recovery of retinal function and structure after successful rhegmatogenous retinal reattachment. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218216. [PMID: 31269030 PMCID: PMC6608944 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To determine the influence of residual submacular fluid (SMF) on the recovery of function and structure of the retina after successful rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) reattachment. Methods We reviewed the medical records of all patients who had undergone successful RRD repair by scleral buckling (SB) surgery or by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) from March 2011 to August 2014. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomographic images of the macular regions were used at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months following the surgery. The best-corrected visual acuities (BCVA) were evaluated at the same times. Results The eyes with a macula-off RRD that were treated by SB surgery had a significant higher incidence of residual SMF (52%) than those treated by PPV (6.8%; P <0.001). Nevertheless, the postoperative BCVA was significantly improved in the eyes that had undergone SB surgery (P = 0.007). The postoperative BCVAs were not significantly different between the groups in which the SMF was absorbed (12 eyes) and not absorbed (13 eyes) within 1 month after the SB surgery. The photoreceptor outer segment length and the presence of a foveal bulge were not significantly different between these two groups at 12 months. Multiple regression analyses showed that the presence of a foveal bulge (β = 0.531, P = 0.001) and the duration of the retinal detachment before surgery (β = 0.465, P = 0.002) but not the duration of the SMF were independent factors significantly correlated with the final BCVA. Conclusions These results suggest that the postoperative residual SMF does not significantly disrupt the functional and structural recovery of eyes with macula-off RRD treated by SB surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Kobayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwase
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kentaro Yamamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eimei Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norifumi Hirata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroko Terasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Schiff L, Boles NC, Fernandes M, Nachmani B, Gentile R, Blenkinsop TA. P38 inhibition reverses TGFβ1 and TNFα-induced contraction in a model of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Commun Biol 2019; 2:162. [PMID: 31069271 PMCID: PMC6499805 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a metaplasia in the vitreous of the eye manifested by the transformation of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and the development of contracting epiretinal membranes (ERM), which lead to retinal detachment and vision loss. While TGFβ1 and TNFα have been associated with PVR, here we show that these cytokines act synergistically to induce an aggressive contraction phenotype on adult human (ah)RPE. Connected RPE detach upon contraction and form motile membranes that recruit more cells. TGFβ1 and TNFα (TNT)-induced contracting membranes uniquely express muscle and extracellular rearrangement genes. Whole transcriptome RNA sequencing of patient-dissected PVR membranes showed activation of the p38-MAPK signaling pathway. Inhibition of p38 during TNT treatment blocks ahRPE transformation and membrane contraction. Furthermore, TNT-induced membrane contractility can be reversed by p38 inhibition after induction. Therefore, targeting the p38-MAPK pathway may have therapeutic benefits for patients with PVR even after the onset of contracting ERMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Schiff
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | | | - Marie Fernandes
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Bar Nachmani
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Ronald Gentile
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
| | - Timothy A. Blenkinsop
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, New York, NY 10029 USA
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Zandi S, Pfister IB, Traine PG, Tappeiner C, Despont A, Rieben R, Skowronska M, Garweg JG. Biomarkers for PVR in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214674. [PMID: 30943234 PMCID: PMC6447182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Various profibrotic and proinflammatory cytokines have been found upregulated in uncomplicated primary retinal detachment (pRD), but without providing a uniform picture. Here, we compare the cyto- and chemokine profiles in pRD with and without proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) in an attempt to unravel relevant differences not in single cytokines, but in the cytokine profiles at diagnosis. METHODS Undiluted vitreous fluid (VF) was obtained at the beginning of surgery from 174 eyes with pRD without relevant PVR (maximally grade B; group 1; n = 81) and with moderate or advanced PVR requiring a gas tamponade (group 2; n = 49) or silicon oil filling (group 3; n = 44). VF of eyes undergoing macular hole (MH) surgery served as controls (group 4; n = 26). Forty-three cytokines were quantified in parallel using a multiplex cytokine analysis system (Bioplex). For all comparisons we applied Holm's correction to control for multiple comparisons. RESULTS 44.9% of group 2 eyes presented grade C1 and 55.1% C2-C3, whereas 86.4% of group 3 eyes exhibited a PVR grade of C2-D. CCL19 was the only cytokine that displayed higher concentrations in the vitreous of eyes with PVR C1 compared to lower PVR grades. Eyes with PVR C2-D showed higher levels of CCL27, CXCL6, IL4, IL16, CXCL10, CCL8, CCL22, MIG/CXCL9, CCL15, CCL19, CCL 23 and CXCL12 compared to controls. Interestingly, no difference of cytokine levels was detected between C1 and C2-D PVR. CONCLUSIONS CCL19 may represent a potential biomarker for early PVR progression that holds promise for future diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souska Zandi
- Swiss Eye Institute and Clinic for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Berner Augenklinik am Lindenhof-Spital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Isabel B. Pfister
- Swiss Eye Institute and Clinic for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Berner Augenklinik am Lindenhof-Spital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter G. Traine
- Swiss Eye Institute and Clinic for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Berner Augenklinik am Lindenhof-Spital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Tappeiner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alain Despont
- Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Rieben
- Department for Biomedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Skowronska
- Swiss Eye Institute and Clinic for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Berner Augenklinik am Lindenhof-Spital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Justus G. Garweg
- Swiss Eye Institute and Clinic for Vitreoretinal Diseases, Berner Augenklinik am Lindenhof-Spital, Bern, Switzerland
- University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Fan W, Zheng X, Yuan S, Xie P, Liu Q. Angiogenic Cytokine Profile of a Patient With Schwartz-Matsuo Syndrome. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2019; 49:721-725. [PMID: 30222809 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20180831-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A 36-year-old man was diagnosed with Schwartz-Matsuo syndrome and received a scleral buckle surgery. Photoreceptor outer segments in aqueous humor were examined under electron microscope to confirm the diagnosis. Afterwards, 17 human angiogenesis and growth factor biomarkers were chosen to make simultaneous quantification in aqueous humor, among which the authors demonstrated the remarkable high expression of angiopoietin-2 in aqueous humor. This is the first reported case of angiogenesis / growth factor biomarkers in aqueous humor of the Schwartz-Matsuo Syndrome patient. Angiopoietin-2 level significantly increased in this patient's aqueous humor, which helped the authors to illuminate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying Schwartz-Matsuo syndrome. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2018;49:721-725.].
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Daruich A, Le Rouzic Q, Jonet L, Naud MC, Kowalczuk L, Pournaras JA, Boatright JH, Thomas A, Turck N, Moulin A, Behar-Cohen F, Picard E. Iron is neurotoxic in retinal detachment and transferrin confers neuroprotection. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaau9940. [PMID: 30662950 PMCID: PMC6326753 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau9940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In retinal detachment (RD), photoreceptor death and permanent vision loss are caused by neurosensory retina separating from the retinal pigment epithelium because of subretinal fluid (SRF), and successful surgical reattachment is not predictive of total visual recovery. As retinal iron overload exacerbates cell death in retinal diseases, we assessed iron as a predictive marker and therapeutic target for RD. In the vitreous and SRF from patients with RD, we measured increased iron and transferrin (TF) saturation that is correlated with poor visual recovery. In ex vivo and in vivo RD models, iron induces immediate necrosis and delayed apoptosis. We demonstrate that TF decreases both apoptosis and necroptosis induced by RD, and using RNA sequencing, pathways mediating the neuroprotective effects of TF are identified. Since toxic iron accumulates in RD, we propose TF supplementation as an adjunctive therapy to surgery for improving the visual outcomes of patients with RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Daruich
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, From physiopathology of ocular diseases to clinical development, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
- Department of ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ophthalmology Department, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Le Rouzic
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, From physiopathology of ocular diseases to clinical development, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Jonet
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, From physiopathology of ocular diseases to clinical development, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Naud
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, From physiopathology of ocular diseases to clinical development, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Laura Kowalczuk
- Department of ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Antoine Pournaras
- Department of ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey H. Boatright
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center of Excellence, Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Aurélien Thomas
- Geneva University Hospitals, Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Geneva, Switzerland
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 21, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Natacha Turck
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 21, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Geneva University, Department of Human Protein Science, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Moulin
- Department of ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, From physiopathology of ocular diseases to clinical development, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 21, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ophtalmopole, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, 24 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
- Corresponding author.
| | - Emilie Picard
- INSERM, UMRS1138, Team 17, From physiopathology of ocular diseases to clinical development, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 15 rue de l’Ecole de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
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Heisler-Taylor T, Kim B, Reese AY, Hamadmad S, Kusibati R, Fischer AJ, Cebulla CM. A new multichannel method quantitating TUNEL in detached photoreceptor nuclei. Exp Eye Res 2018; 176:121-129. [PMID: 29959928 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear co-localization labels are critical to ocular research. Among these, the TUNEL assay has been established as a gold standard of cell death and apoptosis. While several validated computer-based methods exist to quantitate these markers, including ImageJ Retina Analysis (RA) Toolkit and ImagePro, none verify the count with the nuclear counter stain to confirm nuclear co-localization. We established a new ImageJ-based automated multichannel thresholding (MCT) method to quantitate nuclear co-localized labeling. The MCT method was validated by comparing it with the two published TUNEL analysis in TUNEL-positive photoreceptors in an experimental retinal detachment (RD) model. RDs were induced in murine eyes and cross-sectional images of TUNEL and DAPI counter stain were obtained. Images were classified as "typical" or high density "hotspot" TUNEL regions (n = 10/group). Images were analyzed and compared between the MCT method and the published techniques including both "standard" and "high" settings of the RA Toolkit for detecting lower or higher TUNEL densities, respectively. Additional testing of the MCT method with built-in ImageJ thresholding algorithms was performed to produce fully automated measurements. All images were compared with Bland-Altman mean difference plots to assess the difference in counts and linear regression plots to assess correlation. Comparison between the MCT method and the ImagePro method were found to be well correlated (typical: R2 = 0.8972, hotspot: R2 = 0.9000) with minor to non-significant differences. The RA Toolkit settings were found to be mostly well correlated as well (standard/typical: R2 = 0.8036, standard/hotspot: R2 = 0.4309, high/typical: R2 = 0.7895, high/hotspot: R2 = 0.8738) but were often found to have significantly higher counts than the MCT. In conclusion, the MCT method compared favorably with validated computer-based methods of nuclear marker immunofluorescence quantitation and avoids staining artifacts through the incorporation of the nuclear counter stain to confirm positive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Heisler-Taylor
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bongsu Kim
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alana Y Reese
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sumaya Hamadmad
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rania Kusibati
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andy J Fischer
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Colleen M Cebulla
- Havener Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Kenarova B, Voinov L, Apostolov C, Vladimirova R, Misheva A. Levels of Some Cytokines in Subretinal Fluid in Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy and Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment. Eur J Ophthalmol 2018; 7:64-7. [PMID: 9101198 DOI: 10.1177/112067219700700112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the cytokine-mediated pathways of inflammation in the clinical course of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). METHODS Cytokines IL-2, IL-6, INF-gamma were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Aspirates of subretinal fluid were obtained from 14 eyes with PVR and six with uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. Aspirates obtained via pars plana from ten cadaver vitreouses of normal eyes were used as controls. RESULTS Subretinal fluids from eyes with PVR, uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and cadaver vitreous contained low concentrations of IL-2, with inconsequential differences between groups. IL-6 and IFN-gamma were twice as high in the subretinal fluid from eyes with rhetmatogenous retinal detachment as in cadaver vitreous. INF-gamma was elevated up to six times in eyes with PVR compared to controls. Fibronectin was found in a larger proportion of eyes with PVR than with uncomplicated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and cadaver vitreous from healthy persons. CONCLUSIONS These are only preliminary investigations and are too few for statistical analysis. The results suggest that cytokine-mediated pathways of inflammation are involved in the pathogenesis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and in cellular interactions leading to the development of PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kenarova
- Military Medical Academy, Immunology Center, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Abstract
This study was designed to improve the understanding of the mechanisms that govern the origin of retinal detachment (RD) by examining the quantitative composition of proteins in the subretinal fluid (SRF). Inflammation proteins and immunoglobulins (Ig) were titrated from SRF and sera in 25 patients with RD The following concentrations were found in SRF: total proteins 16 g/l; albumin 12.6 g/l; pre-albumin 0.37 g/l; transferin 1.8 g/l in 68% of cases; haptoglobin and alpha 2 macroglobin were present in only one SRF: alpha 1 antitrypsin 0.86 g/l in 48%; orosomucoid 0.57 g/l in 32%; IgG 2 g/l in 52%; Ig A 0.17 g/l in 88% and IgM 15.9 mg/l in 56%. Correlations were found between the duration of detachment and the concentration of total proteins (p < 0.01). The extent of RD was correlated with the concentration of IgG or IgA in the SRF (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that the correlation between the Ig concentration and the extent of RD is an argument for the participation of choriocapillaris in the genesis of SRF
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Berrod
- Clinique Ophtalmologique, Hôpital Central, C.H.U., Nancy, France
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Santos FM, Gaspar LM, Ciordia S, Rocha AS, Castro E Sousa JP, Paradela A, Passarinha LA, Tomaz CT. iTRAQ Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Vitreous from Patients with Retinal Detachment. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041157. [PMID: 29641463 PMCID: PMC5979392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a potentially blinding condition characterized by a physical separation between neurosensory retina and retinal pigment epithelium. Quantitative proteomics can help to understand the changes that occur at the cellular level during RRD, providing additional information about the molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis. In the present study, iTRAQ labeling was combined with two-dimensional LC-ESI-MS/MS to find expression changes in the proteome of vitreous from patients with RRD when compared to control samples. A total of 150 proteins were found differentially expressed in the vitreous of patients with RRD, including 96 overexpressed and 54 underexpressed. Several overexpressed proteins, several such as glycolytic enzymes (fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A, gamma-enolase, and phosphoglycerate kinase 1), glucose transporters (GLUT-1), growth factors (metalloproteinase inhibitor 1), and serine protease inhibitors (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1) are regulated by HIF-1, which suggests that HIF-1 signaling pathway can be triggered in response to RRD. Also, the accumulation of photoreceptor proteins, including phosducin, rhodopsin, and s-arrestin, and vimentin in vitreous may indicate that photoreceptor degeneration occurs in RRD. Also, the accumulation of photoreceptor proteins, including phosducin, rhodopsin, and s-arrestin, and vimentin in vitreous may indicate that photoreceptor degeneration occurs in RRD. Nevertheless, the differentially expressed proteins found in this study suggest that different mechanisms are activated after RRD to promote the survival of retinal cells through complex cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Milhano Santos
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal.
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology-UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Leonor Mesquita Gaspar
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Sergio Ciordia
- Unidad de Proteomica, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana Sílvia Rocha
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - João Paulo Castro E Sousa
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
- Hospital Center Leiria-Pombal, 3100-462 Pombal, Portugal.
| | - Alberto Paradela
- Unidad de Proteomica, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Luís António Passarinha
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology-UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal.
| | - Cândida Teixeira Tomaz
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal.
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal.
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Abstract
Purpose This study investigated the pathogenesis of tractional retinal detachment associated with proliferative vitreoretinopathy in an experimental model, using immunohistochemical staining. Methods To produce tractional retinal detachment in rabbit eyes, homologous cultured fibroblasts obtained from the gluteal muscle fascia were injected intravitreously. Right eyes of 20 rabbits in the study group, and 7 rabbits in the control group were followed for 28 days at weekly intervals with indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photographs. Results During the follow-up period grade III tractional retinal detachment developed in 11 eyes, grade II in six, and grade 1 in three eyes. The spindle-shaped cells contributed predominantly to the development of epiretinal membrane, and a smaller number of round small and large cells. In 10/17 grade II and III eyes, spindle-shaped cells had vimentin, 7/10 had actin, 5/17 had GFAP, 4/17 had S-100 protein immunoreactivity. Round small and large cells expressed S-100 protein, GFAP and actin in 5/17 eyes. Epiretinal membrane appeared to be formed by spindle-shaped fibroblast-like cells and small and large round glia-like cells. Actin positivity of spindle-shaped and round cells was taken as a marker of contractile elements of the cells and their locomotional features. Conclusions These features are believed to be involved in contraction of the membrane and retinal detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Basmak
- Ophthalmology Department, Osmangazi University, School of Medicine, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Sui A, Zhong Y, Demetriades AM, Lu Q, Cai Y, Gao Y, Zhu Y, Shen X, Xie B. Inhibition of integrin α5β1 ameliorates VEGF-induced retinal neovascularization and leakage by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome signaling in a mouse model. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 256:951-961. [PMID: 29502235 PMCID: PMC5911279 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-018-3940-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the effect of inhibiting integrin α5β1 by ATN-161 on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced neovascularization (NV) and leakage causing retinal detachment in adult Tet/opsin/VEGF transgenic mice, and characterize the underlying mechanism of its function. METHOD Retinas from adult Tet/opsin/VEGF transgenic mice and human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) exposed to VEGF (treated with ATN-161 or PBS) were used to carry out immunofluorescence, RT-PCR and western blot to examine expression levels of integrin α5β1 and the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Retinal frozen section analysis was used to assess NV and leakage causing retinal detachment. RESULTS In comparison to normal-treated mice, doxycycline-treated Tet/opsin/VEGF transgenic mice showed severe retinal detachment and higher integrin α5β1 expression. Furthermore, the retinal detachment was inhibited significantly by ATN-161. Additionally, ATN-161 treatment was associated with a conspicuous reduction in NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), cleaved caspase-1, and mature interleukin-1β expression levels in the retinas of Tet/opsin/VEGF transgenic mice treated with doxycycline as well as in HRECs exposed to VEGF. CONCLUSION ATN-161, an antagonist of integrin α5β1, is a promising treatment for retinal neovascularization (RNV), and its retinal protection role appears to take effect through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Sui
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yisheng Zhong
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Anna M Demetriades
- The Department of Ophthalmology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Qing Lu
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yujuan Cai
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yushuo Gao
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanji Zhu
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Shen
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Bing Xie
- The Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Moschos MM, Chatziralli I, Brouzas D, Gazouli M. BAX and BCL2 Gene Polymorphisms in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment. Ophthalmic Res 2017; 58:227-230. [PMID: 28877516 DOI: 10.1159/000479700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential association between rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and BAX and BCL2 polymorphisms. METHODS This is a case control study of 99 patients with RRD and 120 healthy control subjects of Greek origin, surveyed for BAX and BCL2 polymorphisms (rs2279115 and rs4645878) and a potential correlation to RRD. RESULTS The rs4645878 AA genotype was found to be significantly associated with RRD (p = 0.003; OR: 6.89, 95% CI: 1.76-26.93), while the rs2279115 CC genotype as well as the C allele was not found in patients with RRD. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study evaluating the potential relationship between BCL2 and BAX gene polymorphisms and RRD in a Greek population, showing a significant association between BAX rs4645878 polymorphism and RRD susceptibility. This finding suggests that an apoptotic mechanism is implicated in the pathogenesis of RRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilita M Moschos
- Electrophysiology Laboratory, 1st Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Nishikawa Y, Morishita S, Horie T, Fukumoto M, Sato T, Kida T, Oku H, Sugasawa J, Ikeda T, Nakamura K. A comparison of sex steroid concentration levels in the vitreous and serum of patients with vitreoretinal diseases. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180933. [PMID: 28704441 PMCID: PMC5509246 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare steroid hormone concentration levels in the vitreous and serum of vitreoretinal disease patients to elucidate the possibility of neurosteroid production in the retina. Serum and vitreous samples were collected from vitrectomy patients, and estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) concentrations were measured using electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay. We measured E2 in epiretinal membrane (ERM, n = 14), macular hole (MH, n = 18), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR, n = 20), and retinal detachment (RD, n = 19) cases, and T in ERM (n = 14), MH (n = 17), PDR (n = 13), and RD (n = 17) cases. No statistically significant age differences existed among the groups. Mean respective E2 concentrations (pg/ml) in the male/female vitreous were ERM: 6.67±4.04/18.82±7.10, MH: 10.3±7.02/17.00±4.8, PDR: 4.2±3.05/15.83±3.46, and RD: 10.00±4.58/16.06±4.57, while those in serum were ERM: 31.67±5.51/5.82±1.08, MH: 21.00±8.89/7.53±3.2, PDR: 29.20±7.07/12.75±10.62, and RD: 24.33±6.51/7.5±4.42. E2 concentrations were significantly higher (P<0.001) in the male serum than vitreous, yet significantly higher in the female vitreous than serum. Mean respective T concentrations (ng/ml) in the male/female vitreous were ERM: 0.15±0.03/0.15±0.01, MH: 0.15±0.01/0.15±0.01, PDR: 0.15±0.03/0.16±0.12, and RD: 0.14±0.01/0.17±0.08, while those in serum were ERM: 4.54±1.46/0.16±0.01, MH: 8.04±2.29/0.16±0.10, PDR: 5.14±1.54/0.22±0.11, and RD: 3.24±0.75/0.17±0.10. T concentrations were high in the male serum, yet extremely low in the male and female vitreous and female serum. High concentrations of E2 were found in the vitreous, and women, in particular, exhibited significantly higher concentrations in the vitreous than in the serum. This finding suggests the possibility that in vitreoretinal disease cases, the synthesis of E2 is increased locally only in female eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Nishikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Seita Morishita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taeko Horie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori Fukumoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takaki Sato
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Teruyo Kida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Oku
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Sugasawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tsunehiko Ikeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki-City, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Fu JL, Shi G, Liu ZX, Su GF, Kang ZC. A systematic review on delayed absorption of subretinal fluid after scleral buckling for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:639-643. [PMID: 28954453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is a vision-threatening disease and is treated by either scleral buckling or pars planar vitrectomy. Rapid absorption of the subretinal fluid (SRF) helps in the early recovery of the vision. The absorption of SRF after the scleral buckling procedure is rapid, provided that the retinal break or breaks are closed at or after surgery. However, in some patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, complete absorption of the SRF occur several weeks or months after the surgery. In this review, we discuss the factors influencing the rate of SRF absorption and the role of delayed absorption on visual recovery. We also discuss the therapeutic options for delayed SRF absorption and the available additional therapeutic options. Knowledge of the factors that influence the rate of SRF absorption, would enable the surgeon to predict the outcomes more accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - G Shi
- Department of oncology and hematology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Z X Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - G F Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Z C Kang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Wassmer SJ, Leonard BC, Coupland SG, Baker AN, Hamilton J, Hauswirth WW, Tsilfidis C. Overexpression of the X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protects Against Retinal Degeneration in a Feline Model of Retinal Detachment. Hum Gene Ther 2017; 28:482-492. [PMID: 28335619 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2016.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal detachment is an acute disorder in humans that is caused by trauma or disease, and it can often lead to permanent visual deficits that result from the death of photoreceptors in the retina. The final pathway for photoreceptor cell death is apoptosis and necroptosis. The X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) has been shown to block both of these cell death pathways. This study tested the effects of XIAP on photoreceptor survival in a feline model of retinal detachment. The study was performed in 12 cats, divided into two experimental groups. Six animals received a subretinal injection of adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying XIAP, and six animals received AAV carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a control. Three weeks after viral delivery, retinas were detached by injecting C3F8 gas into the subretinal space. Optical coherence tomography revealed that the retinal detachments resolved within 3-6 weeks as the gas was slowly resorbed. Analysis of histological sections through the plane of the detachment showed significant preservation of the photoreceptor layer in AAV-XIAP-treated animals compared to AAV-GFP-treated animals at 9 weeks after the detachment. XIAP-treated detached retinas were similar to intact controls. These studies support the potential for XIAP therapy in the treatment of human retinal detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Wassmer
- 1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Brian C Leonard
- 2 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
- 3 Ottawa Hospital Research Institute , Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa, Canada
- 4 Ottawa Hospital, Eye Institute , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Stuart G Coupland
- 1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
- 2 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
- 3 Ottawa Hospital Research Institute , Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa, Canada
- 4 Ottawa Hospital, Eye Institute , Ottawa, Canada
| | - Adam N Baker
- 3 Ottawa Hospital Research Institute , Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - William W Hauswirth
- 5 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida College of Medicine , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Catherine Tsilfidis
- 1 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
- 2 Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Canada
- 3 Ottawa Hospital Research Institute , Regenerative Medicine, Ottawa, Canada
- 4 Ottawa Hospital, Eye Institute , Ottawa, Canada
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Hughes A, Oxford AE, Tawara K, Jorcyk CL, Oxford JT. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response in Cartilage Pathophysiology; Contributing Factors to Apoptosis and Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030665. [PMID: 28335520 PMCID: PMC5372677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrocytes of the growth plate undergo apoptosis during the process of endochondral ossification, as well as during the progression of osteoarthritis. Although the regulation of this process is not completely understood, alterations in the precisely orchestrated programmed cell death during development can have catastrophic results, as exemplified by several chondrodystrophies which are frequently accompanied by early onset osteoarthritis. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie chondrocyte apoptosis during endochondral ossification in the growth plate has the potential to impact the development of therapeutic applications for chondrodystrophies and associated early onset osteoarthritis. In recent years, several chondrodysplasias and collagenopathies have been recognized as protein-folding diseases that lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress, endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation, and the unfolded protein response. Under conditions of prolonged endoplasmic reticulum stress in which the protein folding load outweighs the folding capacity of the endoplasmic reticulum, cellular dysfunction and death often occur. However, unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling is also required for the normal maturation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Understanding how UPR signaling may contribute to cartilage pathophysiology is an essential step toward therapeutic modulation of skeletal disorders that lead to osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria Hughes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
| | - Alexandra E Oxford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
| | - Ken Tawara
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
| | - Cheryl L Jorcyk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
| | - Julia Thom Oxford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
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Fokkens BT, Mulder DJ, Schalkwijk CG, Scheijen JL, Smit AJ, Los LI. Vitreous advanced glycation endproducts and α-dicarbonyls in retinal detachment patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic controls. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173379. [PMID: 28264049 PMCID: PMC5338797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and their precursors α-dicarbonyls are implicated in the progression of diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of this study was to assess AGEs and α-dicarbonyls in the vitreous of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with early stages or absence of diabetic retinopathy. Methods We examined vitreous samples obtained during vitrectomy from 31 T2DM patients presenting themselves with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and compared these to 62 non-diabetic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment patients, matched on age, estimated glomerular filtration rate, smoking, intra-ocular lens implantation, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy. AGEs (pentosidine, Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine, Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine, and 5-hydro-5-methylimidazolone) and α-dicarbonyls (3-deoxyglucosone, methylglyoxal, and glyoxal) were measured by ultra performance liquid chromatography or high performance liquid chromatography. Skin autofluorescence was measured by the AGE Reader. Results Mean age was 64 ± 7.6 years for T2DM patients and 63 ± 8.1 years for controls. For T2DM patients, median diabetes duration was 2.2 (0.3–7.4) years. Non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy was present in 1 patient and classified as absent or background retinopathy in 30 patients. Vitreous levels of pentosidine (2.20 vs. 1.59 μmol/mol lysine, p = 0.012) and 3-deoxyglucosone (809 vs. 615 nmol/L, p = 0.001) were significantly elevated in T2DM patients compared to controls. Other AGEs and α-dicarbonyls in the vitreous were not significantly different. There was a trend for increased skin autofluorescence in T2DM patients as compared to controls (p = 0.07). Conclusions Pentosidine and 3-deoxyglucosone concentrations were increased in the vitreous of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment patients with a relatively short duration of diabetes compared to non-diabetic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardina T. Fokkens
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
- Research Institute GUIDE, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Douwe J. Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Casper G. Schalkwijk
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Vascular Medicine, Maastricht University, Department of Experimental Internal Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jean L. Scheijen
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Vascular Medicine, Maastricht University, Department of Experimental Internal Medicine, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Andries J. Smit
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
- Research Institute GUIDE, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Leonoor I. Los
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), the Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
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Danielescu C, Zugun-Eloae F, Zlei M. CONCENTRATIONS OF VITREAL CYTOKINES IN RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi 2016; 120:124-129. [PMID: 27125084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is one of the most frequent causes of failure of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgery. AIM To measure the vitreous levels of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) in eyes with RRD and in a control group. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective study of 40 patients operated for RRD (study group) and 20 patients with epiretinal membrane or macular holes (selected as control group since they needed vitrectomy but had attached retinas). Vitreous samples were collected during vitrectomy and were assessed for the presence of cytokines using a fluorescent bead-based multiplex assay. RESULTS The concentration of G-CSF (8.59 pg/ml) and MCP-1 (1615.2 pg/ml) were significantly increased in the study group, when compared to the control group (0 and 469.13 pg/ml, respectively). MCP-1 was also significantly increased in the subgroup of patients with PVR compared to the patients with uncomplicated RRD. CONCLUSIONS The levels of these biomarkers support the idea that proliferative vitreoretinopathy has an inflammatory component.
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Asensio-Sánchez VM, Collazos JM, Cantón M. Interleukin-6 concentrations in the vitreous body of patients with retinal detachment. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2015; 90:527-530. [PMID: 26008924 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure interleuquin-6 (IL-6) levels in the vitreous body of patients with retinal detachment (RD). PATIENTS AND METHODS Undiluted vitreous samples were obtained from 40 patients with no history of prior vitreous or intraocular surgery. Patients were divided into two groups: A (n=20) patients with RD and B (n=20) patients with pre-retinal macular membranes and macular holes. IL-6 was determined using radioimmunoassay. RESULTS IL-6 vitreous concentration in group A was 122.4+-16pg/mL (range 91.5-620) and in group B was 46+/-23pg/mL (range 3-150) (p <.001). CONCLUSIONS These results show that the concentration of IL-6 in the vitreous body was significantly higher in patients with RD than in the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Asensio-Sánchez
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, España.
| | - J M Collazos
- Servicio de Bioquímica, Hospital Medina del Campo, Valladolid, España
| | - M Cantón
- Bioestadística, Hospital Medina del Campo , Valladolid, España
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Abstract
In eyes with experimental retinal detachment, pigment epithelial cells and glial cells may form membranes on all available surfaces. In the subretinal space -- where normally no vitreous collagen is found -- variable amounts of collagen were detected in the intercellular space of these membranes. It is therefore concluded that retinal pigment epithelial cells and retinal glial cells are both capable of producing collagen. The type of collagen produced is indistinguishable from vitreous collagen.
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Ciprian D. THE PATHOGENY OF PROLIFERATIVE VITREORETINOPATHY. Rom J Ophthalmol 2015; 59:88-92. [PMID: 26978867 PMCID: PMC5712935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the most important complication of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and the main cause of RRD surgery failure. This is a review of recent literature data, which concerns PVR pathogeny and risk factors. The occurrence of pre- and subretinal membranes is a consequence of retinal pigment epithelial cells activation and migration, with concomitant participation of inflammatory cells. The newly synthesized extracellular matrix interacts with cells promoting membrane contraction. Photoreceptor apoptosis limits functional recovery--but there is ongoing research for neuroprotective mechanisms. A lot of evidence has been accumulated about the role of growth factors (PDGF, VEGF, HGF, EGF, TGF α and β, G-CSF, FGF, IGF-1,CTGF), cytokines (interleukins IL-1, -6, -8, -10 and interferon γ), matrix metalloproteinases and chemokines, by measuring their concentrations in the vitreous or the subretinal fluid of PVR patients. A list of risk factors (common or more controversial) may help the surgeon make the best approach for the management of individual cases. Adjuvant therapies tested for PVR prevention (steroids, heparin, 5 fluorouracil, daunomycin, colchicine and 13-cis retinoic acid) did not enter current practice, but there are numerous research directions currently being developed.
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Amkhanitskaia LI, Sidorenko EI, Nikolaeva GV, Kuznetsova ID. [Buffering capacity of the vitreous body in aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity]. Vestn Oftalmol 2014; 130:32-34. [PMID: 25098119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of vitreous body changes in the pathogenesis of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 60 children with stage 4-5 retinopathy of prematurity demonstrating either classical or aggressive posterior form of progression. In all cases vitreous samples for laboratory testing were taken during surgery. RESULTS The study showed that aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity is associated with more significant metabolic changes in comparison with classical form of the disease. The degree of biochemical imbalance of the vitreous appeared directly related to the stage of the disease, which was determined by the type and extent of retinal detachment. Volcano-shaped retinal detachment with intensive exudation within the posterior eye segment is considered the most severe variant of aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity. CONCLUSION Aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity is characterized by substantial disturbance of metabolism of the vitreous body, which contributes to exudation and proliferation, thus aggravating the course of the disease and worsening the prognosis.
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Loukovaara S, Lehti K, Robciuc A, Pessi T, Holopainen JM, Koli K, Immonen I, Keski-Oja J. Increased intravitreal angiopoietin-2 levels associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2013; 252:881-8. [PMID: 24218041 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-013-2508-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore factors related to pathogenesis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), vitreous levels of angiopoietin-1 and -2 (Ang-1 and -2), previously undefined in RRD, transforming growth factor-(TGF) β1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), erythropoietin (EPO) and proteolytic mediators of extracellular matrix remodelling (MMP-2 and -9) were compared in eyes with RRD and eyes with idiopathic macular hole or pucker. METHODS Vitreous samples were collected from 117 eyes with RRD (study group) and 40 eyes with macular hole or pucker (control group). Growth factors were measured by ELISA and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by gelatin zymography. RESULTS The mean vitreous concentrations of Ang-2, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were higher (all p < 0.01), whereas concentration of VEGF was lower (p = 0.01) in eyes with RRD relative to controls. Logistic regression analysis identified Ang-2 concentration as a novel marker of RRD (p = 0.0001, OR 48.7). Ang-1, EPO, and total TGF-β1 levels were not significantly different between the groups. However, TGF-β1 and MMP-2 were increased in eyes with total RRD compared to those with local RRD (p ≤ 0.05). In eyes with PVR, no differences were observed in any studied marker as compared with non-PVR eyes. CONCLUSIONS Current results reveal Ang-2 as a key factor upregulated in RRD. It may co-operate with fibrosis-associated factors and contribute to vascular complications such as breakdown of blood-eye barrier and PVR development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirpa Loukovaara
- Unit of Vitreoretinal Surgery, Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4 C, 00290, Helsinki, Finland,
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Murakami T, Uji A, Ogino K, Unoki N, Horii T, Yoshitake S, Nishijima K, Yoshimura N. Association between perifoveal hyperfluorescence and serous retinal detachment in diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology 2013; 120:2596-2603. [PMID: 23948463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the association between the fluorescence levels on fluorescein angiography images and the characteristics on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) images in diabetic macular edema (DME). DESIGN Retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS One hundred sixty-seven consecutive eyes of 116 patients with diabetic retinopathy for whom FA and SD OCT were performed on the same day. METHODS Fluorescein angiography using the Heidelberg Retina Angiograph 2 and OCT images using Spectralis OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) were obtained. The leakage of fluorescein dye in each subfield of the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grid was quantified and defined as fluorescence levels, which were compared with the retinal thickness and foveal pathomorphologic features evaluated by SD OCT. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The relationship between fluorescence levels and the foveal pathomorphologic features on SD OCT images. RESULTS One hundred twelve (67%) eyes with center-involved DME had significantly higher fluorescence levels in all subfields of the ETDRS grid than 55 (33%) eyes without DME. Fluorescence levels were correlated modestly with the retinal thickness in individual subfields in eyes with center-involved DME. Thirty-seven eyes with foveal serous retinal detachment (SRD) had greater retinal thickness in all subfields and higher levels of fluorescence in most subfields, except the superior subfield of the inner ring. After adjusting for the central retinal thickness using multivariate analyses, eyes with SRD had significantly (P = 0.0085) higher fluorescence levels in the nasal subfield of the inner ring and the superior, nasal, and inferior subfields of the outer ring (P = 0.0117, P = 0.0020, and P = 0.0017, respectively). However, the fluorescence levels in any subfields of the inner or outer ring did not differ significantly between eyes with and without foveal cystoid spaces. CONCLUSIONS The correlation between the fluorescence levels and retinal thickness suggests that the vascular hyperpermeability in the perifovea contributes to the pathogenesis of foveal SRD in DME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Murakami
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Akihito Uji
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken Ogino
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Unoki
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Horii
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shin Yoshitake
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nishijima
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nagahisa Yoshimura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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