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Hu Z, Cano I, Saez-Torres KL, LeBlanc ME, Saint-Geniez M, Ng YS, Argüeso P, D’Amore PA. Elements of the Endomucin Extracellular Domain Essential for VEGF-Induced VEGFR2 Activity. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061413. [PMID: 32517158 PMCID: PMC7349057 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endomucin (EMCN) is the type I transmembrane glycoprotein, mucin-like component of the endothelial cell glycocalyx. We have previously shown that EMCN is necessary for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) internalization and downstream signaling. To explore the structural components of EMCN that are necessary for its function and the molecular mechanism of EMCN in VEGF-induced endothelial functions, we generated a series of mouse EMCN truncation mutants and examined their ability to rescue VEGF-induced endothelial functions in human primary endothelial cells (EC) in which endogenous EMCN had been knocked down using siRNA. Expression of the mouse full-length EMCN (FL EMCN) and the extracellular domain truncation mutants ∆21-81 EMCN and ∆21-121 EMCN, but not the shortest mutant ∆21-161 EMCN, successfully rescued the VEGF-induced EC migration, tube formation, and proliferation. ∆21-161 EMCN failed to interact with VEGFR2 and did not facilitate VEGFR2 internalization. Deletion of COSMC (C1GalT1C1) revealed that the abundant mucin-type O-glycans were not required for its VEGFR2-related functions. Mutation of the two N-glycosylation sites on ∆21-121 EMCN abolished its interaction with VEGFR2 and its function in VEGFR2 internalization. These results reveal ∆21-121 EMCN as the minimal extracellular domain sufficient for VEGFR2-mediated endothelial function and demonstrate an important role for N-glycosylation in VEGFR2 interaction, internalization, and angiogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengping Hu
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Z.H.); (I.C.); (K.L.S.-T.); (M.E.L.); (M.S.-G.); (Y.-S.N.); (P.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Issahy Cano
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Z.H.); (I.C.); (K.L.S.-T.); (M.E.L.); (M.S.-G.); (Y.-S.N.); (P.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kahira L. Saez-Torres
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Z.H.); (I.C.); (K.L.S.-T.); (M.E.L.); (M.S.-G.); (Y.-S.N.); (P.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Michelle E. LeBlanc
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Z.H.); (I.C.); (K.L.S.-T.); (M.E.L.); (M.S.-G.); (Y.-S.N.); (P.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Generation Bio, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Magali Saint-Geniez
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Z.H.); (I.C.); (K.L.S.-T.); (M.E.L.); (M.S.-G.); (Y.-S.N.); (P.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Yin-Shan Ng
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Z.H.); (I.C.); (K.L.S.-T.); (M.E.L.); (M.S.-G.); (Y.-S.N.); (P.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Pablo Argüeso
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Z.H.); (I.C.); (K.L.S.-T.); (M.E.L.); (M.S.-G.); (Y.-S.N.); (P.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Patricia A. D’Amore
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA; (Z.H.); (I.C.); (K.L.S.-T.); (M.E.L.); (M.S.-G.); (Y.-S.N.); (P.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence:
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Novo D, Heath N, Mitchell L, Caligiuri G, MacFarlane A, Reijmer D, Charlton L, Knight J, Calka M, McGhee E, Dornier E, Sumpton D, Mason S, Echard A, Klinkert K, Secklehner J, Kruiswijk F, Vousden K, Macpherson IR, Blyth K, Bailey P, Yin H, Carlin LM, Morton J, Zanivan S, Norman JC. Mutant p53s generate pro-invasive niches by influencing exosome podocalyxin levels. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5069. [PMID: 30498210 PMCID: PMC6265295 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutant p53s (mutp53) increase cancer invasiveness by upregulating Rab-coupling protein (RCP) and diacylglycerol kinase-α (DGKα)-dependent endosomal recycling. Here we report that mutp53-expressing tumour cells produce exosomes that mediate intercellular transfer of mutp53's invasive/migratory gain-of-function by increasing RCP-dependent integrin recycling in other tumour cells. This process depends on mutp53's ability to control production of the sialomucin, podocalyxin, and activity of the Rab35 GTPase which interacts with podocalyxin to influence its sorting to exosomes. Exosomes from mutp53-expressing tumour cells also influence integrin trafficking in normal fibroblasts to promote deposition of a highly pro-invasive extracellular matrix (ECM), and quantitative second harmonic generation microscopy indicates that this ECM displays a characteristic orthogonal morphology. The lung ECM of mice possessing mutp53-driven pancreatic adenocarcinomas also displays increased orthogonal characteristics which precedes metastasis, indicating that mutp53 can influence the microenvironment in distant organs in a way that can support invasive growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Novo
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
| | - Nikki Heath
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
| | - Louise Mitchell
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
| | | | - Amanda MacFarlane
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
| | - Dide Reijmer
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
| | - Laura Charlton
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
| | - John Knight
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
| | - Monika Calka
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Ewan McGhee
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
| | - Emmanuel Dornier
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
| | - David Sumpton
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
| | - Susan Mason
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
| | - Arnaud Echard
- Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Lab, Cell Biology and Infection Department, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, Paris, 75724, France
| | - Kerstin Klinkert
- Membrane Traffic and Cell Division Lab, Cell Biology and Infection Department, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, Paris, 75724, France
| | - Judith Secklehner
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
- Inflammation, Repair & Development, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Flore Kruiswijk
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
| | - Karen Vousden
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1ST, UK
| | - Iain R Macpherson
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Peter Bailey
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G611QH, UK
| | - Huabing Yin
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8LT, UK
| | - Leo M Carlin
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
- Inflammation, Repair & Development, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jennifer Morton
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Sara Zanivan
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - Jim C Norman
- Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland, UK.
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
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Choudhury Y, Wei X, Chu YH, Ng LG, Tan HS, Koh V, Thike AA, Poon E, Ng QS, Toh CK, Kanesvaran R, Tan PH, Tan MH. A multigene assay identifying distinct prognostic subtypes of clear cell renal cell carcinoma with differential response to tyrosine kinase inhibition. Eur Urol 2015; 67:17-20. [PMID: 25018036 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have divergent survival outcomes and therapeutic responses, which may be determined by underlying molecular diversity. We aimed to develop a practical molecular assay that can identify subtypes with differential prognosis and response to targeted therapy. Whole-genome expression analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) material from 55 ccRCC patients was performed and two molecular subtypes with differential clinical outcomes were identified by hierarchical clustering. An eight-gene quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for classification into two subtypes was developed for FFPE material. The primary objective was to assess assay performance by correlating ccRCC prognostic subtypes to cancer-specific survival (CSS) and, for patients receiving targeted therapy, radiologic response. In three validation cohorts, patients could be distinguished into prognostic subtypes with differential CSS (Singapore General Hospital FFPE cohort: n = 224; p = 1.48 × 10(-8); the Cancer Genome Atlas RNA-Sequencing cohort: n = 419; p = 3.06 × 10(-7); Van Andel Research Institute microarray cohort: n=174; p=0.00743). For 48 patients receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, the prognostic classification was associated with radiologic response to treatment (p = 5.96 × 10(-4)) and prolonged survival on TKI treatment (p=0.019). The multigene assay can classify ccRCCs into clinical prognostic subtypes, which may be predictive of response in patients receiving TKI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukti Choudhury
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Republic of Singapore
| | - Xiaona Wei
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ying-Hsia Chu
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Republic of Singapore; National Taiwan University, Republic of China (Taiwan)
| | - Lay Guat Ng
- Singapore General Hospital, Republic of Singapore
| | - Hui Shan Tan
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Valerie Koh
- Singapore General Hospital, Republic of Singapore
| | | | - Eileen Poon
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Quan Sing Ng
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Min-Han Tan
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Republic of Singapore; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
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Umemoto E, Tanaka T, Kanda H, Jin S, Tohya K, Otani K, Matsutani T, Matsumoto M, Ebisuno Y, Jang MH, Fukuda M, Hirata T, Miyasaka M. Nepmucin, a novel HEV sialomucin, mediates L-selectin-dependent lymphocyte rolling and promotes lymphocyte adhesion under flow. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 203:1603-14. [PMID: 16754720 PMCID: PMC2118321 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20052543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocyte trafficking to lymph nodes (LNs) is initiated by the interaction between lymphocyte L-selectin and certain sialomucins, collectively termed peripheral node addressin (PNAd), carrying specific carbohydrates expressed by LN high endothelial venules (HEVs). Here, we identified a novel HEV-associated sialomucin, nepmucin (mucin not expressed in Peyer's patches [PPs]), that is expressed in LN HEVs but not detectable in PP HEVs at the protein level. Unlike conventional sialomucins, nepmucin contains a single V-type immunoglobulin (Ig) domain and a mucin-like domain. Using materials affinity-purified from LN lysates with soluble L-selectin, we found that two higher molecular weight species of nepmucin (75 and 95 kD) were decorated with oligosaccharides that bind L-selectin as well as an HEV-specific MECA-79 monoclonal antibody. Electron microscopic analysis showed that nepmucin accumulates in the extended luminal microvillus processes of LN HEVs. Upon appropriate glycosylation, nepmucin supported lymphocyte rolling via its mucin-like domain under physiological flow conditions. Furthermore, unlike most other sialomucins, nepmucin bound lymphocytes via its Ig domain, apparently independently of lymphocyte function–associated antigen 1 and very late antigen 4, and promoted shear-resistant lymphocyte binding in combination with intercellular adhesion molecule 1. Collectively, these results suggest that nepmucin may serve as a dual-functioning PNAd in LN HEVs, mediating both lymphocyte rolling and binding via different functional domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Umemoto
- Laboratory of Immunodynamics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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