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Darling S, Dawson G, Quach J, Smith R, Perkins A, Connolly A, Smith A, Moore CL, Ride J, Oberklaid F. Mental health and wellbeing coordinators in primary schools to support student mental health: protocol for a quasi-experimental cluster study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1467. [PMID: 34320975 PMCID: PMC8316894 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11467-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Half of mental health disorders begin before the age of 14, highlighting the importance of prevention and early-intervention in childhood. Schools have been identified globally by policymakers as a platform to support good child mental health; however, the majority of the research is focused on secondary schools, with primary schools receiving very little attention by comparison. The limited available evidence on mental health initiatives in primary schools is hindered by a lack of rigorous evaluation. This quasi-experimental cluster study aims to examine the implementation and effectiveness of a Mental Health and Wellbeing Co-ordinator role designed to build mental health capacity within primary schools. Methods This is a primary (ages 5–12) school-based cluster quasi-experimental study in Victoria, Australia. Before baseline data collection, 16 schools selected by the state education department will be allocated to intervention, and another 16 matched schools will continue as ‘Business as Usual’. In intervention schools, a mental health and well-being coordinator will be recruited and trained, and three additional school staff will also be selected to receive components of the mental health training. Surveys will be completed by consenting staff (at 2-, 5-, 10- and 17-months post allocation) and by consenting parents/carers (at 3-, 10- and 17-months post allocation) in both intervention and business as usual schools. The primary objective is to assess the change in teacher’s confidence to support student mental health and wellbeing using the School Mental Health Self-Efficacy Teacher Survey. Secondary objectives are to assess the indirect impact on systemic factors (level of support, prioritisation of child mental health), parent and teachers’ mental health literacy (stigma, knowledge), care access (school engagement with community-based services), and student mental health outcomes. Implementation outcomes (feasibility, acceptability, and fidelity) and costs will also be evaluated. Discussion The current study will examine the implementation and effectiveness of having a trained Mental Health and Wellbeing Coordinator within primary schools. If the intervention increases teachers’ confidence to support student mental health and wellbeing and builds the capacity of primary schools it will improve student mental health provision and inform large-scale mental health service reform. Trial registration The trial was retrospectively registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) on July 6, 2021. The registration number is ACTRN12621000873820.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Darling
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, USA.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, USA
| | - G Dawson
- Centre for Program Evaluation, Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, 3053, USA
| | - J Quach
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, USA.,Centre for Program Evaluation, Melbourne Graduate School of Education, University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, 3053, USA
| | - R Smith
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, USA. .,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, USA.
| | - A Perkins
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, USA
| | - A Connolly
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, USA
| | - A Smith
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, USA
| | - C L Moore
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, USA
| | - J Ride
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, USA.,Health Economics Unit, Centre for Health Policy, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, 207 Bouverie St, Parkville, VIC, 3010, USA
| | - F Oberklaid
- Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, 50 Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, 3052, USA.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, USA
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Perkins A, Patterson T, Evans R, Clayton T, Fothergill R, Redwood S. Patient consent in emergency cardiovascular medicine: lessons from the ARREST trial in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Randomised trials in emergency cardiovascular medicine are challenging but vital for improving patient care. Obtaining informed consent in such an environment is a particular issue and can be controversial. The ARREST trial is assessing whether out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients without an obvious cause should be taken to a specialist heart centre or the closest emergency department in London, UK. This patient group presents specific difficulties: patients lack capacity to consent, presentation is unpredictable, care must not be delayed, and mortality rates can be >50%.
Purpose
Within existing consent and methodological frameworks we aimed to design a randomised clinical trial to pragmatically, safely and ethically recruit cardiac arrest patients pre-hospital.
Methods
During the set-up of ARREST we accessed the following sources of information: 1) ARREST research team; 2) cardiovascular patient groups; 3) researchers running similar trials; 4) regulatory bodies; and, 5) published literature on research in emergency contexts. The information that we collected guided the design of the trial with a focus on patient consent, documentation and follow-up.
Results
The ARREST trial uses deferred consent with remote online randomisation to enrol patients without delaying care. To minimise the risk of bias, baseline and primary endpoint data are collected on patients who die or are discharged prior to consent. Remote follow-up using electronic health records reduces the burden on the patients and researchers. Full ethical approval was received in January 2018 and the first patient was enrolled in February 2018. ARREST is recruiting to target and is on track to finish within the projected timelines.
Conclusions
Deferred consent has been key to the success of ARREST and patients have been receptive. However, further research into the experience of patients in emergency cardiovascular medicine trials using deferred consent is needed to better understand when it is an appropriate model. More broadly, there is a shortfall in high quality research in challenging environments such as emergency cardiovascular care. Innovation in consent methods and proportional research governance would facilitate higher quality research and benefit patient care.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): British Heart Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- A Perkins
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Patterson
- Guys and St Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Evans
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Clayton
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Fothergill
- London Ambulance Service, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Redwood
- Guys and St Thomas Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Electrical burns are among the most devastating of burn injuries. High voltage electrical injuries result in extensive deep tissue damage and are associ- ated with multiple complications, long term morbidity, and a high mortality rate. we describe the case of a 47 year-old electric company linesman who suffered a high voltage electrical injury (HVEI) of 14,000 volts to bilateral hands and wrists managed by the division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at the Mcgill University Health Center in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. His management included multiple operative procedures, including escharotomies, fasciotomies, serial debridements, and bilat- eral pedicle groin faps, and amputation of his left hand.
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Abstract
RATIONALE The neuropeptide galanin has been implicated in a wide range of pathological conditions in which frontal and temporal structures are compromised. It works through three subtypes of G-protein-coupled receptors. One of these, the galanin receptor 1 (Gal-R1) subtype, is densely expressed in the ventral hippocampus (vHC) and ventral prefrontal cortex (vPFC); two brain structures that have similar actions on behavioral control. We hypothesize that Gal-R1 contributes to cognitive-control mechanisms that require hippocampal-prefrontal cortical circuitry. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of local vHC and vPFC infusions of M617, a Gal-R1 agonist, on inhibitory mechanisms of response control. METHODS Different cohorts of rats were implanted with bilateral guide cannulae targeting the vPFC or the vHC. Following infusion of the Gal-R1 agonist, we examined the animals' behavior using a touchscreen version of the 5-choice reaction time task (5-choice task). RESULTS The Gal-R1 agonist produced opposing behaviors in the vPFC and vHC, leading to disruption of impulse control when infused in the vPFC but high impulse control when infused into the vHC. This contrast between areas was accentuated when we added variability to the timing of the stimulus, which led to long decision times and reduced accuracy in the vPFC group but a general improvement in performance accuracy in the vHC group. CONCLUSIONS These results provide the first evidence of a selective mechanism of Gal-R1-mediated modulation of impulse control in prefrontal-hippocampal circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Messanvi
- Section on Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - A Perkins
- Section on Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J du Hoffmann
- Rodent Behavioral Core, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Y Chudasama
- Section on Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Rodent Behavioral Core, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Aland T, Fitzgerald R, Knesl M, Perkins A, Shannon D, Anderson L, Jones M, Bailey N, Foote M, Dally M. EP-2100 Quality in the implementation of stereotactic radiotherapy services on a national scale. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)32520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Entesari-Tatafi D, Perkins A, Monogue T, Goldin J, Kee K. Delayed habitual sleep times in patients undergoing multiple sleep latency testing significantly contributes to test failure. Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Parker HL, Tucker E, Blackshaw E, Hoad CL, Marciani L, Perkins A, Menne D, Fox M. Clinical assessment of gastric emptying and sensory function utilizing gamma scintigraphy: Establishment of reference intervals for the liquid and solid components of the Nottingham test meal in healthy subjects. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2017; 29. [PMID: 28589661 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current investigations of stomach function are based on small test meals that do not reliably induce symptoms and analysis techniques that rarely detect clinically relevant dysfunction. This study presents the reference intervals of the modular "Nottingham test meal" (NTM) for assessment of gastric function by gamma scintigraphy (GSc) in a representative population of healthy volunteers (HVs) stratified for age and sex. METHODS The NTM comprises 400 mL liquid nutrient (0.75 kcal/mL) and an optional solid component (12 solid agar-beads (0 kcal). Filling and dyspeptic sensations were documented by 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS). Gamma scintigraphy parameters that describe early and late phase Gastric emptying (GE) were calculated from validated models. KEY RESULTS Gastric emptying (GE) of the liquid component was measured in 73 HVs (male 34; aged 45±20). The NTM produced normal postprandial fullness (VAS ≥30 in 41/74 subjects). Dyspeptic symptoms were rare (VAS ≥30 in 2/74 subjects). Gastric emptying half-time with the Liquid- and Solid-component -NTM was median 44 (95% reference interval 28-78) minutes and 162 (144-193) minutes, respectively. Gastric accommodation was assessed by the ratio of the liquid-NTM retained in the proximal:total stomach and by Early phase emptying assessed by gastric volume after completing the meal (GCV0). No consistent effect of anthropometric measures on GE parameters was present. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES Reference intervals are presented for GSc measurements of gastric motor and sensory function assessed by the NTM. Studies involving patients are required to determine whether the reference interval range offers optimal diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Parker
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Zürich Neurogastroenterology and Motility Research Group, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,School of Medicine, Pharmacy and Health, Durham University, Queen's Campus, Stockton-On-Tees, UK.,Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - E Tucker
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - E Blackshaw
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - C L Hoad
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - L Marciani
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - A Perkins
- Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - D Menne
- Menne Biomed Consulting, Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Fox
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Zürich Neurogastroenterology and Motility Research Group, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Abdominal Center: Gastroenterology, St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
- D.C. Mackey
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada,
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A. Perkins
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - K. Hong Tai
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J. Sims-Gould
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - H.A. McKay
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Gradney S, Manchanda S, Sigua NL, Khan SH, Perkins A, Khan B. 0629 PREOPERATIVE STOP-BANG SCORES AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH POSTOPERATIVE DELIRIUM AMONG THORACIC SURGERY PATIENTS. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Dawson PA, Richard K, Perkins A, Zhang Z, Simmons DG. Review: Nutrient sulfate supply from mother to fetus: Placental adaptive responses during human and animal gestation. Placenta 2017; 54:45-51. [PMID: 28089504 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient sulfate has numerous roles in mammalian physiology and is essential for healthy fetal growth and development. The fetus has limited capacity to generate sulfate and relies on sulfate supplied from the maternal circulation via placental sulfate transporters. The placenta also has a high sulfate requirement for numerous molecular and cellular functions, including sulfate conjugation (sulfonation) to estrogen and thyroid hormone which leads to their inactivation. Accordingly, the ratio of sulfonated (inactive) to unconjugated (active) hormones modulates endocrine function in fetal, placental and maternal tissues. During pregnancy, there is a marked increase in the expression of genes involved in transport and generation of sulfate in the mouse placenta, in line with increasing fetal and placental demands for sulfate. The maternal circulation also provides a vital reservoir of sulfate for the placenta and fetus, with maternal circulating sulfate levels increasing by 2-fold from mid-gestation. However, despite evidence from animal studies showing the requirement of maternal sulfate supply for placental and fetal physiology, there are no routine clinical measurements of sulfate or consideration of dietary sulfate intake in pregnant women. This is also relevant to certain xenobiotics or pharmacological drugs which when taken by the mother use significant quantities of circulating sulfate for detoxification and clearance, and thereby have the potential to decrease sulfonation capacity in the placenta and fetus. This article will review the physiological adaptations of the placenta for maintaining sulfate homeostasis in the fetus and placenta, with a focus on pathophysiological outcomes in animal models of disturbed sulfate homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Dawson
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia.
| | - K Richard
- Conjoint Endocrine Laboratory, Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Queensland Health, Herston, Australia
| | - A Perkins
- School of Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Australia
| | - Z Zhang
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - D G Simmons
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia
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Fowler H, Davis MA, Perkins A, Trufan S, Joy C, Buswell M, McElwain TF, Moore D, Worhle R, Rabinowitz PM. A survey of veterinary antimicrobial prescribing practices, Washington State 2015. Vet Rec 2016; 179:651. [PMID: 27807211 DOI: 10.1136/vr.103916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global health issue. It is also a recognised problem in veterinary medicine. Between September and December 2015 the authors administered a cross-sectional survey to licensed veterinarians in Washington State to assess factors affecting antimicrobial prescribing practices among veterinarians in Washington State. Two hundred and three veterinarians completed the survey. The majority of respondents (166, 82 per cent) were engaged in small animal or exotic animal practice. 24 per cent of respondents reported not ordering culture and sensitivity (C/S) testing in practice. Of the 76 per cent of veterinarians who reported ordering C/S tests, 36 per cent reported ordering such testing 'often' or 'always' when treating presumptive bacterial infections. Most respondents (65 per cent) mentioned cost as the most common barrier to ordering a C/S test. Only 16 (10 per cent) respondents reported having access to or utilising a clinic-specific antibiogram. This survey demonstrated that while antimicrobials are commonly used in veterinary practice, and veterinarians are concerned about antimicrobial resistance, cost is a barrier to obtaining C/S tests to guide antimicrobial therapy. Summaries of antimicrobial resistance patterns are rarely available to the practising veterinarian. Efforts to promote antimicrobial stewardship in a 'One Health' manner should address barriers to the judicious use of antimicrobials in the veterinary practice setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fowler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Center for One Health Research (COHR), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - M A Davis
- Washington State One Health Veterinary Workgroup
| | - A Perkins
- Washington State One Health Veterinary Workgroup
| | - S Trufan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Center for One Health Research (COHR), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - C Joy
- Washington State One Health Veterinary Workgroup
| | - M Buswell
- Washington State One Health Veterinary Workgroup
| | - T F McElwain
- Washington State One Health Veterinary Workgroup
| | - D Moore
- Washington State One Health Veterinary Workgroup
| | - R Worhle
- Washington State One Health Veterinary Workgroup
| | - P M Rabinowitz
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, Center for One Health Research (COHR), University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Pistel B, Perkins A, Zaragoza A, Lebby P. C-78Ecological Validity of Neurocognitive Testing in Spanish-Speaking Children and Adolescents. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw043.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Pistel B, Perkins A, Zaragoza A, Lebby P. C-79Clinical Utility of the LANSE-A in Forensic Settings. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acw043.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Parker HL, Tucker E, Hoad CL, Pal A, Costigan C, Hudders N, Perkins A, Blackshaw E, Gowland P, Marciani L, Fox MR. Development and validation of a large, modular test meal with liquid and solid components for assessment of gastric motor and sensory function by non-invasive imaging. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 28:554-68. [PMID: 26863609 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current investigations of stomach function are based on small test meals that do not reliably induce symptoms and analysis techniques that rarely detect clinically relevant dysfunction. This study introduces the large 'Nottingham Test Meal' (NTM) for assessment of gastric motor and sensory function by non-invasive imaging. METHODS NTM comprises 400 mL liquid nutrient (0.75 kcal/mL) and 12 solid agar-beads (0 kcal) with known breaking strength. Gastric fullness and dyspeptic sensations were documented by 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS). Gastric emptying (GE) were measured in 24 healthy volunteers (HVs) by gastric scintigraphy (GS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The contribution of secretion to gastric volume was assessed. Parameters that describe GE were calculated from validated models. Inter-observer agreement and reproducibility were assessed. KEY RESULTS NTM produced moderate fullness (VAS ≥30) but no more than mild dyspeptic symptoms (VAS <30) in 24 HVs. Stable binding of meal components to labels in gastric conditions was confirmed. Distinct early and late-phase GE were detected by both modalities. Liquid GE half-time was median 49 (95% CI: 36-62) min and 68 (57-71) min for GS and MRI, respectively. Differences between GS and MRI measurements were explained by the contribution of gastric secretion. Breaking strength for agar-beads was 0.8 N/m(2) such that median 25 (8-50) % intact agar-beads and 65 (47-74) % solid material remained at 120 min on MRI and GS, respectively. Good reproducibility for liquid GE parameters was present and GE was not altered by agar-beads. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The NTM provided an objective assessment of gastric motor and sensory function. The results were reproducible and liquid emptying was not affected by non-nutrient agar-beads. The method is potentially suitable for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Parker
- NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit and Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, Nottingham University Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Zürich Neurogastroenterology and Motility Research Group, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - E Tucker
- NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit and Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, Nottingham University Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - C L Hoad
- NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit and Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, Nottingham University Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - A Pal
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - C Costigan
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - N Hudders
- NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit and Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, Nottingham University Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - A Perkins
- Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - E Blackshaw
- Medical Physics and Clinical Engineering, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - P Gowland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - L Marciani
- NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit and Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, Nottingham University Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - M R Fox
- NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Unit and Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, Nottingham University Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Zürich Neurogastroenterology and Motility Research Group, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Gastroenterology, St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland
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Cunningham B, Vercellini D, Mann S, Card A, Perkins A, Pistel B, Lebby P. DIVERSITYB-73Clinical Implications for the Assessment of Neurocognitive Performance in Rural Migrant Spanish-Speaking Children and Adolescents. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Card A, Vercellini D, Mann S, Cunningham B, Pistel B, Perkins A, Lebby P. B-55Cultural Influence on Neurocognitive Functioning: A Comparison of Rural Migrant Spanish-Speaking Children and Adolescents with English-Speaking Normal and Brain Injured Participants. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acv047.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
Extensions of Einstein gravity with higher-order derivative terms arise in string theory and other effective theories, as well as being of interest in their own right. In this Letter we study static black-hole solutions in the example of Einstein gravity with additional quadratic curvature terms. A Lichnerowicz-type theorem simplifies the analysis by establishing that they must have vanishing Ricci scalar curvature. By numerical methods we then demonstrate the existence of further black-hole solutions over and above the Schwarzschild solution. We discuss some of their thermodynamic properties, and show that they obey the first law of thermodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lü
- Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - A Perkins
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - C N Pope
- George P. & Cynthia W. Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4242, USA
- DAMTP, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Cambridge University, Wilberforce Road, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
| | - K S Stelle
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Mack S, Bright L, Hunter C, Arrick M, Kumar S, Perkins A, Eddy A, Claude A, Mujahid N, Brashier M, Nanduri B, Burgess S, Swiderski C. 1 The “pasture heaves” restricted lung transcriptome: A tool to decipher the pathophysiology of airway hyper-responsive diseases in the horse. J Equine Vet Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Mui P, Perkins A, Burrows PJ, Marks SF, Turek PJ. The need for epididymovasostomy at vasectomy reversal plateaus in older vasectomies: a study of 1229 cases. Andrology 2014. [PMID: 24243789 PMCID: PMC4253133 DOI: 10.1111/andr.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vasectomy reversal involves either vasovasostomy (VV) or epididymovasostomy (EV), and rates of epididymal obstruction and EV increase with time after vasectomy. However, as older vasectomies may not require EV for successful reversal, we hypothesized that sperm production falls after vasectomy and can protect the system from epididymal blowout. Our objective was to define how the need for EV at reversal changes with time after vasectomy through a retrospective review of consecutive reversals performed by three surgeons over a 10-year period. Vasovasotomy was performed with Silber score 1-3 vasal fluid. EVs were performed with Silber score 4 (sperm fragments; creamy fluid) or 5 (sperm absence) fluid. Reversal procedure type was correlated with vasectomy and patient age. Post-operative patency rates, total spermatozoa and motile sperm counts in younger (<15 years) and older (>15 years) vasectomies were assessed. Simple descriptive statistics determined outcome relevance. Among 1229 patients, 406 had either unilateral (n = 252) or bilateral EV's (n = 154) constituting 33% (406/1229) of reversals. Mean patient age was 41.4±7 years (range 22-72). Median vasectomy interval was 10 years (range 1-38). Overall sperm patency rate after reversal was 84%. The rate of unilateral (EV/VV) or bilateral EV increased linearly in vasectomy intervals of 1-22 years at 3% per year, but plateaued at 72% in vasectomy intervals of 24-38 years. Sperm counts were maintained with increasing time after vasectomy, but motile sperm counts decreased significantly (p < 0.001). Pregnancy, secondary azoospermia, varicocoele and sperm granuloma were not assessed. In conclusion, and contrary to conventional thinking, the need for EV at reversal increases with time after vasectomy, but this relationship is not linear. EV rates plateau 22 years after vasectomy, suggesting that protective mechanisms ameliorate epididymal 'blowout'. Upon reversal, sperm output is maintained with time after vasectomy, but motile sperm counts decrease linearly, suggesting epididymal dysfunction influences semen quality after reversal.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mui
- The Turek ClinicSan Francisco, CA, USA
| | - A Perkins
- International Center for Vasectomy ReversalTucson, AZ, USA
| | - P J Burrows
- International Center for Vasectomy ReversalTucson, AZ, USA
| | - S F Marks
- International Center for Vasectomy ReversalTucson, AZ, USA
| | - P J Turek
- The Turek ClinicSan Francisco, CA, USA
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Schmechtig A, Lees J, Perkins A, Altavilla A, Craig KJ, Dawson GR, William Deakin JF, Dourish CT, Evans LH, Koychev I, Weaver K, Smallman R, Walters J, Wilkinson LS, Morris R, Williams SCR, Ettinger U. The effects of ketamine and risperidone on eye movement control in healthy volunteers. Transl Psychiatry 2013; 3:e334. [PMID: 24326395 PMCID: PMC4030328 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2013.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine leads to transient psychosis-like symptoms and impairments in oculomotor performance in healthy volunteers. This study examined whether the adverse effects of ketamine on oculomotor performance can be reversed by the atypical antipsychotic risperidone. In this randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 72 healthy participants performed smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM), prosaccades (PS) and antisaccades (AS) while being randomly assigned to one of four drug groups (intravenous 100 ng ml(-1) ketamine, 2 mg oral risperidone, 100 ng ml(-1) ketamine plus 2 mg oral risperidone, placebo). Drug administration did not lead to harmful adverse events. Ketamine increased saccadic frequency and decreased velocity gain of SPEM (all P < 0.01) but had no significant effects on PS or AS (all P > or = 0.07). An effect of risperidone was observed for amplitude gain and peak velocity of PS and AS, indicating hypometric gain and slower velocities compared with placebo (both P < or = 0.04). No ketamine by risperidone interactions were found (all P > or = 0.26). The results confirm that the administration of ketamine produces oculomotor performance deficits similar in part to those seen in schizophrenia. The atypical antipsychotic risperidone did not reverse ketamine-induced deteriorations. These findings do not support the cognitive enhancing potential of risperidone on oculomotor biomarkers in this model system of schizophrenia and point towards the importance of developing alternative performance-enhancing compounds to optimise pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schmechtig
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK,Department of Neuroimaging, CNS Building PO89, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UK. E-mail:
| | - J Lees
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, School of Community Based Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - A Perkins
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A Altavilla
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - K J Craig
- P1vital Ltd, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - G R Dawson
- P1vital Ltd, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - J F William Deakin
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, School of Community Based Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - C T Dourish
- P1vital Ltd, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - L H Evans
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - I Koychev
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, School of Community Based Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - K Weaver
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R Smallman
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit, School of Community Based Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J Walters
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - L S Wilkinson
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK,Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - R Morris
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S C R Williams
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - U Ettinger
- Department of Psychology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Mui P, Perkins A, Burrows PJ, Marks SF, Turek PJ. The need for epididymovasostomy at vasectomy reversal plateaus in older vasectomies: a study of 1229 cases. Andrology 2013; 2:25-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00143.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Mui
- The Turek Clinic San Francisco CAUSA
| | - A. Perkins
- International Center for Vasectomy Reversal Tucson AZ USA
| | - P. J. Burrows
- International Center for Vasectomy Reversal Tucson AZ USA
| | - S. F. Marks
- International Center for Vasectomy Reversal Tucson AZ USA
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Montalvo J, Spencer C, Hackathorn A, Masterjohn K, Perkins A, Doty C, Arumugam A, Ongusaha PP, Lakshmanaswamy R, Liao JK, Mitchell DC, Bryan BA. ROCK1 & 2 perform overlapping and unique roles in angiogenesis and angiosarcoma tumor progression. Curr Mol Med 2013; 13:205-19. [PMID: 22934846 PMCID: PMC3580831 DOI: 10.2174/1566524011307010205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Revised: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The serine/threonine protein kinase paralogs ROCK1 & 2 have been implicated as essential modulators of angiogenesis; however their paralog-specific roles in endothelial function are unknown. shRNA knockdown of ROCK1 or 2 in endothelial cells resulted in a significant disruption of in vitro capillary network formation, cell polarization, and cell migration compared to cells harboring non-targeting control shRNA plasmids. Knockdowns led to alterations in cytoskeletal dynamics due to ROCK1 & 2-mediated reductions in actin isoform expression, and ROCK2-specific reduction in myosin phosphatase and cofilin phosphorylation. Knockdowns enhanced cell survival and led to ROCK1 & 2-mediated reduction in caspase 6 and 9 cleavage, and a ROCK2-specific reduction in caspase 3 cleavage. Microarray analysis of ROCK knockdown lines revealed overlapping and unique control of global transcription by the paralogs, and a reduction in the transcriptional regulation of just under 50% of VEGF responsive genes. Finally, paralog knockdown in xenograft angiosarcoma tumors resulted in a significant reduction in tumor formation. Our data reveals that ROCK1 & 2 exhibit overlapping and unique roles in normal and dysfunctional endothelial cells, that alterations in cytoskeletal dynamics are capable of overriding mitogen activated transcription, and that therapeutic targeting of ROCK signaling may have profound impacts for targeting angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Montalvo
- Ghosh Science and Technology Center, Department of Biology, Worcester State University, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Marks M, Perkins A, Russell H, Burrows P, Marks S. Antisperm antibodies: prevalance, patterns and impact on natural conception following vasectomy reversal. Fertil Steril 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of specific behavioural strategies such as portion control or meal planning is important for weight management, although studies of determinants of strategy use are limited. The present study explored the concept of hope and its association with the use of behavioural strategies. METHODS Data were obtained from a larger cross-sectional survey conducted in 2009 among 178 patients of a city-county sponsored primary care clinic in the Midwest region of the USA. Hope was measured with subscales representing 'agency' (determination in meeting goals) and 'pathways' (perception of ways to meet goals) and a total score. Diet and physical activity-related strategies were captured with five and two scales, respectively. RESULTS Analyses showed a significant (P < 0.05) association between both the total hope score and the agency subscale and all behavioural strategy measures. The pathways subscale was significantly associated with physical activity-related strategies, and a subset of diet-related strategies. CONCLUSIONS The hope measures should be explored further in the context of a weight loss intervention to determine their predictive association with the use of specific behavioural strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Nothwehr
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, 105 River Street, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Montalvo J, Spencer C, Hackathorn A, Masterjohn K, Perkins A, Doty C, Arumugam A, P. Ongusaha P, Lakshmanaswamy R, K. Liao J, C. Mitchell D, A. Bryan B. Rock1 & 2 Perform Overlapping and Unique Roles in Angiogenesis and Angiosarcoma Tumor Progression. Curr Mol Med 2013. [DOI: 10.2174/156652413804486296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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John AE, Luckett J, Awas R, Habgood A, Ludbrook S, Blanchard A, Perkins A, Jenkins RG, Marshall JF. S66 Targeted in Vivo Imaging of the αvβ6 Integrin in Mice with Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis. Thorax 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202678.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Messina F, Weaver C, Trammel A, McDaniel M, Ervin D, Perkins A. 33 Improving Specialty Follow-up Care after an Emergency Department Visit Using a Unique Referral System. Ann Emerg Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Swann R, Perkins A, Velentzis L, Mulligan A, Woodside J, Cantwell M, Dutton S, Leathem A, Robertson C, Dwek M. 893 The DietCompLyf Study – a Prospective Longitudinal Study of Breast Cancer Survival. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)71525-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Coentrao L, Ribeiro C, Santos-Araujo C, Neto R, Pestana M, Kleophas W, Kleophas W, Karaboyas A, LI Y, Bommer J, Pisoni R, Robinson B, Port F, Celik G, Burcak Annagur B, Yilmaz M, Demir T, Kara F, Trigka K, Dousdampanis P, Vaitsis N, Aggelakou-Vaitsi S, Turkmen K, Guney I, Turgut F, Altintepe L, Tonbul HZ, Abdel-Rahman E, Sclauzero P, Galli G, Barbati G, Carraro M, Panzetta GO, Van Diepen M, Schroijen M, Dekkers O, Dekker F, Sikole A, Severova- Andreevska G, Trajceska L, Gelev S, Amitov V, Pavleska- Kuzmanovska S, Karaboyas A, Rayner H, LI Y, Vanholder R, Pisoni R, Robinson B, Port F, Hecking M, Jung B, Leung M, Huynh F, Chung T, Marchuk S, Kiaii M, Er L, Werb R, Chan-Yan C, Beaulieu M, Malindretos P, Makri P, Zagkotsis G, Koutroumbas G, Loukas G, Nikolaou E, Pavlou M, Gourgoulianni E, Paparizou M, Markou M, Syrgani E, Syrganis C, Raimann J, Usvyat LA, Bhalani V, Levin NW, Kotanko P, Huang X, Stenvinkel P, Qureshi AR, Riserus U, Cederholm T, Barany P, Heimburger O, Lindholm B, Carrero JJ, Chang JH, Sung JY, Jung JY, Lee HH, Chung W, Kim S, Han JS, Kim S, Chang JH, Jung JY, Chung W, Na KY, Raimann J, Usvyat LA, Kotanko P, Levin NW, Fragoso A, Pinho A, Malho A, Silva AP, Morgado E, Leao Neves P, Joki N, Tanaka Y, Iwasaki M, Kubo S, Hayashi T, Takahashi Y, Hirahata K, Imamura Y, Hase H, Castledine C, Gilg J, Rogers C, Ben-Shlomo Y, Caskey F, Na KY, Kim S, Chung W, Jung JY, Chang JH, Lee HH, Sandhu JS, Bajwa GS, Kansal S, Sandhu J, Jayanti A, Nikam M, Ebah L, Summers A, Mitra S, Agar J, Perkins A, Simmonds R, Tjipto A, Amet S, Launay-Vacher V, Laville M, Tricotel A, Frances C, Stengel B, Gauvrit JY, Grenier N, Reinhardt G, Clement O, Janus N, Rouillon L, Choukroun G, Deray G, Bernasconi A, Waisman R, Montoya AP, Liste AA, Hermes R, Muguerza G, Heguilen R, Iliescu EL, Martina V, Rizzo MA, Magenta P, Lubatti L, Rombola G, Gallieni M, Loirat C, Loirat C, Mellerio H, Labeguerie M, Andriss B, Savoye E, Lassale M, Jacquelinet C, Alberti C, Aggarwal Y, Baharani J, Tabrizian S, Ossareh S, Zebarjadi M, Azevedo P, Travassos F, Frade I, Almeida M, Queiros J, Silva F, Cabrita A, Rodrigues R, Couchoud C, Kitty J, Benedicte S, Fergus C, Cecile C, Couchoud C, Sahar B, Emmanuel V, Christian J, Rene E, Barahimi H, Mahdavi-Mazdeh M, Nafar M, Petruzzi M, De Benedittis M, Sciancalepore M, Gargano L, Natale P, Vecchio MC, Saglimbene V, Pellegrini F, Gentile G, Stroumza P, Frantzen L, Leal M, Torok M, Bednarek A, Dulawa J, Celia E, Gelfman R, Hegbrant J, Wollheim C, Palmer S, Johnson DW, Ford PJ, Craig JC, Strippoli GF, Ruospo M, El Hayek B, Hayek B, Baamonde E, Bosch E, Ramirez JI, Perez G, Ramirez A, Toledo A, Lago MM, Garcia-Canton C, Checa MD, Canaud B, Canaud B, Lantz B, Pisoni R, Granger-Vallee A, Lertdumrongluk P, Molinari N, Ethier J, Jadoul M, Gillespie B, Port F, Bond C, Wang S, Alfieri T, Braunhofer P, Newsome B, Wang M, Bieber B, Guidinger M, Bieber B, Wang M, Zuo L, Pisoni R, Yu X, Yang X, Qian J, Chen N, Albert J, Yan Y, Ramirez S, Bernasconi A, Waisman R, Beresan M, Lapidus A, Canteli M, Heguilen R, Tong A, Palmer S, Manns B, Craig J, Ruospo M, Gargano L, Strippoli G, Mortazavi M, Vahdatpour B, Shahidi S, Ghasempour A, Taheri D, Dolatkhah S, Emami Naieni A, Ghassami M, Khan M, Abdulnabi K, Pai P, Ruospo M, Petruzzi M, De Benedittis M, Sciancalepore M, Gargano L, Vecchio M, Saglimbene V, Natale P, Pellegrini F, Gentile G, Stroumza P, Frantzen L, Leal M, Torok M, Bednarek A, Dulawa J, Celia E, Gelfman R, Hegbrant J, Wollheim C, Palmer S, Johnson DW, Ford PJ, Craig JC, Strippoli GF, Muqueet MA, Muqueet MA, Hasan MJ, Kashem MA, Dutta PK, Liu FX, Noe L, Quock T, Neil N, Inglese G, Qian J, Bieber B, Guidinger M, Bieber B, Chen N, Yan Y, Pisoni R, Wang M, Zuo L, Yu X, Yang X, Wang M, Albert J, Ramirez S, Ossareh S, Motamed Najjar M, Bahmani B, Shafiabadi A, Helve J, Haapio M, Groop PH, Gronhagen-Riska C, Finne P, Helve J, Haapio M, Sund R, Groop PH, Gronhagen-Riska C, Finne P, Cai M, Baweja S, Clements A, Kent A, Reilly R, Taylor N, Holt S, Mcmahon L, Usvyat LA, Carter M, Van der Sande FM, Kooman J, Raimann J, Levin NW, Kotanko P, Usvyat LA, Malhotra R, Ouellet G, Penne EL, Raimann J, Thijssen S, Levin NW, Kotanko P, Etter M, Tashman A, Guinsburg A, Grassmann A, Barth C, Marelli C, Marcelli D, Van der Sande FM, Von Gersdorff G, Bayh I, Kooman J, Scatizzi L, Lam M, Schaller M, Thijssen S, Toffelmire T, Wang Y, Sheppard P, Usvyat LA, Levin NW, Kotanko P, Neri L, Andreucci VA, Rocca-Rey LA, Bertoli SV, Brancaccio D, Tjipto A, Simmonds R, Agar J, Huang X, Stenvinkel P, Qureshi AR, Riserus U, Cederholm T, Barany P, Heimburger O, Lindholm B, Carrero JJ, Vecchio M, Palmer S, De Berardis G, Craig J, Lucisano G, Johnson D, Pellegrini F, Nicolucci A, Sciancalepore M, Saglimbene V, Gargano L, Bonifati C, Ruospo M, Navaneethan SD, Montinaro V, Stroumza P, Zsom M, Torok M, Celia E, Gelfman R, Bednarek-Skublewska A, Dulawa J, Graziano G, Gentile G, Ferrari JN, Santoro A, Zucchelli A, Triolo G, Maffei S, Hegbrant J, Wollheim C, De Cosmo S, Manfreda VM, Strippoli GF, Janus N, Janus N, Launay-Vacher V, Juillard L, Rousset A, Butel F, Girardot-Seguin S, Deray G, Hannedouche T, Isnard M, Berland Y, Vanhille P, Ortiz JP, Janin G, Nicoud P, Touam M, Bruce E, Rouillon L, Laville M, Janus N, Juillard L, Rousset A, Butel F, Girardot-Seguin S, Deray G, Hannedouche T, Isnard M, Berland Y, Vanhille P, Ortiz JP, Janin G, Nicoud P, Touam M, Bruce E, Rouillon L, Laville M, Janus N, Launay-Vacher V, Juillard L, Rousset A, Butel F, Girardot-Seguin S, Deray G, Hannedouche T, Isnard M, Berland Y, Vanhille P, Ortiz JP, Janin G, Nicoud P, Touam M, Bruce E, Rouillon L, Laville M, Grace B, Clayton P, Cass A, Mcdonald S, Baharani J, Furumatsu Y, Kitamura T, Fujii N, Ogata S, Nakamoto H, Iseki K, Tsubakihara Y, Chien CC, Wang JJ, Hwang JC, Wang HY, Kan WC, Kuster N, Kuster N, Patrier L, Bargnoux AS, Morena M, Dupuy AM, Badiou S, Canaud B, Cristol JP, Desmet JM, Fernandes V, Collart F, Spinogatti N, Pochet JM, Dratwa M, Goffin E, Nortier J, Zilisteanu DS, Voiculescu M, Rusu E, Achim C, Bobeica R, Balanica S, Atasie T, Florence S, Anne-Marie S, Michel L, Cyrille C, Emmanuel V, Strakosha A, Strakosha A, Pasko N, Kodra S, Thereska N, Lowney A, Lowney E, Grant R, Murphy M, Casserly L, O' Brien T, Plant WD, Radic J, Radic J, Ljutic D, Kovacic V, Radic M, Dodig-Curkovic K, Sain M, Jelicic I, Fujii N, Hamano T, Nakano C, Yonemoto S, Okuno A, Katayama M, Isaka Y, Nordio M, Limido A, Postorino M, Nichelatti M, Khil M, Dudar I, Khil V, Shifris I, Momtaz M, Soliman AR, El Lawindi MI, Dzekova-Vidimliski P, Pavleska-Kuzmanovska S, Trajceska L, Nikolov I, Selim G, Gelev S, Amitov V, Sikole A, Shoji T, Kakiya R, Hayashi T, Tatsumi-Shimomura N, Tsujimoto Y, Tabata T, Shima H, Mori K, Fukumoto S, Tahara H, Koyama H, Emoto M, Ishimura E, Nishizawa Y, Inaba M. Epidemiology and outcome research in CKD 5D. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Armitage J, Cuzick J, Elwood P, Longley M, Perkins A, Spencer K, Turner H, Porch S, Lyness S, Kennedy J, Henderson G. Aspirin for the older person: report of a meeting at the Royal Society of Medicine, London, 3rd November 2011. Ecancermedicalscience 2012; 6:245. [PMID: 22423252 PMCID: PMC3298410 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2012.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
On November 23rd 2011, the Aspirin Foundation held a meeting at the Royal Society of Medicine in London to review current thinking on the potential role of aspirin in preventing cardiovascular disease and reducing the risk of cancer in older people. The meeting was supported by Bayer Pharma AG and Novacyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Armitage
- Professor of Clinical Trials and Epidemiology, Clinical Trials Surveillance Unit, Oxford
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Arno J, Messina F, Perkins A, Allen A. P5-S7.12 STD testing in emergency department: a novel method to provide test results. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Perkins A, Izadpanah A, Sinno H, Bernard C, Williams H. Giant Cell Reparative Granuloma of the Proximal Phalanx: A Case Report and Literature Review. Canadian Journal of Plastic Surgery 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/229255031101900205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present article is a case report of a 16-year-old boy who presented with a benign bony tumour, which on histological analysis suggested giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG), but was not corroborate by blood tests. The implications of this type of tumour and the correct diagnostic requirements were investigated. The correct identification of GCRG from other giant cell-containing tumours is important because the treatment modalities for these tumours significantly differ from one another. In most cases, histological findings are sufficient to identify the tumours. In most GCRG cases, curettage is usually a curative treatment option. However, due to high recurrence rates of GCRGs, close follow-up of these patients is warranted. Also, due to osteoclastic activity of the giant cells in GCRGs, the use of drugs such as calcitonin or bisphosphonates, which inhibit osteoclast differentiation and activation, may have an important influence on future treatments or in reducing the recurrence rate of these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Perkins
- Division of Plastic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec
| | - A Izadpanah
- Division of Plastic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec
| | - H Sinno
- Division of Plastic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec
| | - C Bernard
- Division of Plastic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec
| | - Hb Williams
- Division of Plastic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec
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Lee J, Sinno H, Perkins A, Tahiri Y, Luc M. 14,000 volt electrical injury to bilateral upper extremities: a case report. Mcgill J Med 2011; 13:18. [PMID: 22399869 PMCID: PMC3296183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical burns are among the most devastating of burn injuries. High voltage electrical injuries result in extensive deep tissue damage and are associated with multiple complications, long term morbidity, and a high mortality rate. We describe the case of a 47 year-old electric company linesman who suffered a high voltage electrical injury (HVEI) of 14,000 volts to bilateral hands and wrists managed by the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at the McGill University Health Center in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. His management included multiple operative procedures, including escharotomies, fasciotomies, serial debridements, and bilateral pedicle groin flaps, and amputation of his left hand.
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Malton CA, Hallworth GW, Padfield JM, Perkins A, Wilson C, Davis SS. Deposition and Clearance of Inhalation Aerosols in Dogs and Rabbits Using a Gamma Camera. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1982.tb00895.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Perkins A, Izadpanah A, Sinno H, Bernard C, Williams HB. Giant cell reparative granuloma of the proximal phalanx: A case report and literature review. Can J Plast Surg 2011; 19:e19-e21. [PMID: 22654539 PMCID: PMC3328113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The present article is a case report of a 16-year-old boy who presented with a benign bony tumour, which on histological analysis suggested giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG), but was not corroborate by blood tests. The implications of this type of tumour and the correct diagnostic requirements were investigated. The correct identification of GCRG from other giant cell-containing tumours is important because the treatment modalities for these tumours significantly differ from one another. In most cases, histological findings are sufficient to identify the tumours. In most GCRG cases, curettage is usually a curative treatment option. However, due to high recurrence rates of GCRGs, close follow-up of these patients is warranted. Also, due to osteoclastic activity of the giant cells in GCRGs, the use of drugs such as calcitonin or bisphosphonates, which inhibit osteoclast differentiation and activation, may have an important influence on future treatments or in reducing the recurrence rate of these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Perkins
- Correspondence: Dr Anthony Perkins, 307-3460 Simpson Street, Montreal, Quebec H3G 2J4. Telephone 514-839-9303, fax 514-935-3238, e-mail
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Perkins A, Izadpanah A. Giant cell reparative granuloma of the proximal phalanx: A case report and literature review. Plast Surg (Oakv) 2011. [DOI: 10.4172/plastic-surgery.1000684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Bazin KA, Moosavi S, Murphy K, Perkins A, Hickson M, Howard LS. P132 Carbon dioxide sensitivity in patients with hyperventilation syndrome. Thorax 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/thx.2010.150987.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Walls RM, Samuels-Kalow M, Perkins A. A New Maneuver for Endotracheal Tube Insertion During Difficult Glidescope Intubation. J Emerg Med 2010; 39:86-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2009.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Revised: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Madebo M, Perkins A, Fox C, Johnston P, Kron T. Study of X-ray field junction dose using an a-Si electronic portal imaging device. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 2010; 33:45-50. [PMID: 20237889 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-010-0005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Field junctions between megavoltage photon beams are important in modern radiotherapy for treatments such as head and neck and breast cancer. An electronic portal imaging device (EPID) may be used to study junction dose between two megavoltage X-ray fields. In this study, the junction dose was used to determine machine characteristics such as jaw positions and their reproducibility, collimator rotation and the effect of gantry rotation. All measurements were done on Varian linear accelerators with EPID (Varian, Palo Alto, CA). The results show reproducibility in jaw positions of approximately 0.3 mm for repeated jaw placement while EPID readings were reproducible within a standard deviation of 0.4% for fixed jaw positions. Junction dose also allowed collimator rotation error of 0.1 degrees to be observed. Dependence of junction dose on gantry rotation due to gravity was observed; the gravity effect being maximum at 180 degrees gantry angle (beam pointing up). EPIDs were found to be reliable tools for checking field junctions, which in turn may be used to check jaw reproducibility and collimator rotation of linacs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mebratu Madebo
- Department of Physical Sciences, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1 A'Beckett Street, Melbourne, VIC 8006, Australia.
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Daube-Witherspoon ME, Surti S, Perkins A, Kyba CCM, Wiener R, Werner ME, Kulp R, Karp JS. The imaging performance of a LaBr3-based PET scanner. Phys Med Biol 2010; 55:45-64. [PMID: 19949259 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/55/1/004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A prototype time-of-flight (TOF) PET scanner based on cerium-doped lanthanum bromide [LaBr(3) (5% Ce)] has been developed. LaBr(3) has a high light output, excellent energy resolution and fast timing properties that have been predicted to lead to good image quality. Intrinsic performance measurements of spatial resolution, sensitivity and scatter fraction demonstrate good conventional PET performance; the results agree with previous simulation studies. Phantom measurements show the excellent image quality achievable with the prototype system. Phantom measurements and corresponding simulations show a faster and more uniform convergence rate, as well as more uniform quantification, for TOF reconstruction of the data, which have 375 ps intrinsic timing resolution, compared to non-TOF images. Measurements and simulations of a hot and cold sphere phantom show that the 7% energy resolution helps to mitigate residual errors in the scatter estimate because a high energy threshold (>480 keV) can be used to restrict the amount of scatter accepted without a loss of true events. Preliminary results with incorporation of a model of detector blurring in the iterative reconstruction algorithm not only show improved contrast recovery but also point out the importance of an accurate resolution model of the tails of LaBr(3)'s point spread function. The LaBr(3) TOF-PET scanner demonstrated the impact of superior timing and energy resolutions on image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Daube-Witherspoon
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Kale S, Yende S, Kong L, Perkins A, Kellum JA, Vallejo AN, Newman AB, Angus DC. Age-related differences of outcomes in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia are not explained by differences in immune response. Crit Care 2010. [PMCID: PMC2934255 DOI: 10.1186/cc8279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Rule W, Boike T, Cho L, Abdulrahman R, Heinzerling J, Perkins A, Foster R, Nedzi L, Timmerman R. A Phase I Dose Escalation Study of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) for Patients with Hepatic Metastases - Evidence of a Dose-response Relationship. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Banerji A, Perkins A, Corel B, Caceres A, Rudders S, Clark S, Camargo C. Repeat Epinephrine Treatments For Food-related Allergic Reactions That Present To The Emergency Department. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Raine-Fenning NJ, Nordin NM, Ramnarine KV, Campbell BK, Clewes JS, Perkins A, Johnson IR. Determining the relationship between three-dimensional power Doppler data and true blood flow characteristics: an in-vitro flow phantom experiment. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2008; 32:540-550. [PMID: 18686275 DOI: 10.1002/uog.6110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound can be used to acquire power Doppler data which can be quantified to give an objective impression about blood flow within a tissue or organ. Proprietary software can be used to calculate three indices of vascularity: vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI). Although these indices appear to have a predictive value in the clinical setting and can be shown to vary between different patient populations and over time within the same population, their relationship with true in-vivo blood flow characteristics has not been established. The objective was to examine the effect of flow rate, vessel number, attenuation and erythrocyte density on these indices. METHODS A computer-driven flow phantom was used to continuously pump a nylon particle-based blood mimic (Orgasol(trade mark)) around a closed system through three different ultrasound test tanks. These tanks were designed specifically for these experiments and contained C-Flex(trade mark) tubing, in a variety of arrangements, encased in an agar-based tissue mimic. The test tanks were insonated with a modified 3D transvaginal 4-8-MHz ultrasound transducer and 3D power Doppler data were then acquired over a graduated series of flow rates, depths and blood mimic concentrations. Regression analysis was used to determine the resulting relationships. RESULTS The VI increased linearly with an increase in flow rate (P < 0.05), whereas the FI increased in a cubic manner with a more rapid initial increase (P < 0.05). The VI demonstrated a similar linear increase with an increase in the erythrocyte mimic density (P < 0.05), whereas the FI increased markedly with a small change in erythrocyte mimic density and then plateaued (P < 0.01). There was a significant reduction in each index as the distance between the transducer and vessel increased (P < 0.05). Patterns similar to those seen in relation to the change in flow rate were evident, with a more linear relationship between depth and the VI and VFI than between depth and the FI, although the FI remained relatively constant and was not significantly affected by distance from the transducer until a depth of 55 mm was reached. Although a positive linear relationship was seen between vessel number and VI and VFI (P < 0.05) the FI demonstrated a very different and complex, cubic relationship (P < 0.001), increasing linearly until a maximum of three vessels were present when it decreased, and no overall correlation was seen (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The VI, FI and VFI are all significantly affected by volume flow, attenuation, vessel number and erythrocyte density, but in different ways. The VI and VFI seem to have a more predictable relationship, whereas the FI often demonstrates a more complex cubic relationship that is not always logical. Further work is required to establish the effect of other confounding parameters before valid conclusions may be made and a better understanding of 3D power Doppler ultrasound imaging achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Raine-Fenning
- School of Human Development, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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Raine-Fenning NJ, Nordin NM, Ramnarine KV, Campbell BK, Clewes JS, Perkins A, Johnson IR. Evaluation of the effect of machine settings on quantitative three-dimensional power Doppler angiography: an in-vitro flow phantom experiment. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2008; 32:551-559. [PMID: 18726932 DOI: 10.1002/uog.6138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound is being used increasingly to acquire and subsequently quantify power Doppler data within the clinical setting. One proprietary software package calculates three 3D vascular indices: the vascularization index (VI), the flow index (FI), and the vascularization flow index (VFI). Our aim was to evaluate how different settings affect the Doppler signal in terms of its quantification by these three indices within a 3D dataset. METHODS A computer-driven 'flow phantom' was used to continuously pump a nylon particle-based blood mimic (Orgasol(trade mark)) around a closed system through a C-flex(trade mark) tube embedded in an agar-based tissue mimic. The test tanks were insonated with a modified 3D transvaginal 4-8-MHz ultrasound transducer (V530D) and power Doppler data were acquired over a series of different settings. Each experiment involved the manipulation of just one Doppler setting in order to study it in isolation. RESULTS As expected, all of the power Doppler settings, when altered, were found to effect significant changes (P < 0.05) in the VI, FI and VFI. The gain and signal power had the greatest effect, producing no Doppler signals at the lowest settings and the highest recordable indices at the maximum settings. The pulse repetition frequency (PRF) was the next most influential setting but a Doppler signal was seen and measurable at all of the different settings. The other Doppler settings had a much less profound effect on the vascular indices, with subtle but significantly different measures across the full range of settings. The speed of data acquisition was also found to affect the vascular indices, all of which were reduced when the fast mode was used although the only significant effect was on the VFI. CONCLUSIONS The VI, FI and VFI are all affected significantly by variations in power Doppler settings and by the speed of acquisition. The gain and signal power have the greatest effect on the power Doppler signal, followed closely by the PRF. The other settings and speed of acquisition also influence the signal, but to a much lesser degree. It is essential to maintain Doppler settings if any meaningful comparisons are to be made within and between subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Raine-Fenning
- School of Human Development, Queens Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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Saffer JR, Scheuermann JS, Karp JS, Perkins A. TU-B-352-01: Quantification of 3-D PET/CT Imaging. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2962427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Perkins A, Kron T. Continuing professional development needs of Australian radiation oncology medical physicists--an analysis of applications for CPD funding. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 2007; 30:226-32. [PMID: 18044307 DOI: 10.1007/bf03178430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In November 2004, the Australian federal government allocated $775,000 to individual Australian radiation oncology medical physicists (ROMPs) to access continuing professional development (CPD) activities. The funding was administered by the Australasian College of Physical Scientists and Engineers in Medicine (ACPSEM). In order to receive funding, individuals had to submit an application to ACPSEM, which assessed each application and distributed funds to successful applicants. 248 separate applications were received from 143 individuals in two rounds of applications. Information from the applications was collated and analysed, with the aim of identifying patterns that will be of use in future planning for CPD. This paper presents a summary of the information extracted from the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Perkins
- Peter MacCallurm Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
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