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Jennison T, Kulenkampff C, Lee J, Mahmood A. Is ethnicity a risk factor for mortality in major trauma? A single-centred cohort study. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024; 106:118-122. [PMID: 36688835 PMCID: PMC10830339 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many studies have found varying health outcomes in patients from different minority ethnic groups. There has been limited research into the outcomes in major trauma dependent on ethnicity. The aim was to analyse whether ethnicity was an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality in patients presenting to a major trauma centre when adjusting for confounders. METHODS This was a retrospective review of all patients presenting to a single major trauma centre from 2010 to 2020. Data were collected on patient demographics and variables including mechanism and injury severity score. Logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors of mortality. RESULTS There were 10,668 data sets with ethnicity data; of these 9,098 were of White ethnicity, 1,143 were Asian and 427 were classified as Black. The 30-day mortality rate was 7.76% for White ethnicities, 6.91% for Asian ethnicity and 5.15% for people of Black ethnicity. On multivariate logistic regression, ethnicity (p = 0.076) was not associated with 30-day mortality. Age, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Probability of Survival (PS) score, shock and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS; p < 0.001) were associated with 30-day mortality. White ethnicity had an odds ratio (OR) of mortality of 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.658-2.040) (p = 0.609) compared with Black ethnicity and an OR of 0.74 (95% CI 0.546-1.001) (p = 0.050) compared with Asian patients. Black patients had an OR of mortality of 0.65 (95% CI 0.351-1.193) (p = 0.164) compared with the Asian population. CONCLUSION Ethnicity is not a significant risk factor for 30-day mortality in trauma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jennison
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - C Kulenkampff
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - J Lee
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - A Mahmood
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Alanazi AM, Khan AA, Mahmood A, Bajwa HA, Kamal MA, Baig EA. Disinfection by methylthionine chloride and chitosan in combination with Photo radiation therapy on caries affected dentin nano hardness, adhesive integrity, and bond failure. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2024; 28:39-48. [PMID: 38235896 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202401_34889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to assess the disinfection efficacy, bond integrity, and nano hardness of caries-affected dentin (CAD) surface bonded to resin cement when disinfected with chlorhexidine (CHX), Methylene blue activated by Photodynamic therapy (MB-PDT), chitosan, silver diamine fluoride (SDF), chitosan activated by PDT, and SDF-diode laser against S. mutans. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 human mandibular molars were extracted non-traumatically and gathered using ICDAS criteria. The dentin surface was prepared, leaving CAD to receive a disinfection procedure. After inoculation with S. mutans, the CAD samples were divided into six groups and disinfected with various disinfectants (n = 10) CHX, MB-PDT, chitosan, chitosan-PDT, SDF, and SDF+ diode laser. Survival rates of S. mutans were analyzed following the restoration of samples with resin cement via the etch and rinse method to assess SBS. Also, nano hardness was analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed by using the ANOVA and the Tukey multiple test (p<0.05). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to evaluate the change in survival rate. RESULTS Related to the survival rates, the SDF+ diode laser displayed the highest reduction in S. mutans levels and chitosan presented the lowest level of disinfection. The intergroup comparison revealed that CHX and chitosan-PDT displayed comparable outcomes of S. mutans survival rate to that of SDF+ diode laser (p>0.05). Likewise, MB-PDT and SDF displayed a comparable survival rate of S. mutans to Chitosan disinfection (p>0.05). Considering SBS and nano hardness, the highest SBS and NH were exhibited by the SDF+ diode laser, and the lowest SBS and NH values were exhibited by MB-PDT. The intragroup comparison revealed that CAD specimens disinfected with Chitosan-PDT showed comparable SBS and NH values to the SDF+ diode laser (p>0.05). CHX, chitosan, and SDF exhibited bond values and NH comparable to MB-PDT (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Synergistic use of Silver diamine fluoride with diode laser and chitosan activated by PDT can be used as an alternative to CHX for controlling S. mutans growth, promoting enhanced bond efficacy and nano hardness for bonding resin cement to the caries-affected dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Ahmed H, Aldabagh A, Mahmood A. COMPARISON BETWEEN PRE- AND POST-OPERATIVELY BOTOX INJECTION IN SECONDARY WOUNDS HEALING. Georgian Med News 2023:72-76. [PMID: 38236102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Tension impacts wound healing and scarring. Tissue stress reduces blood flow and promotes fibroblastic response in wound treatment. Botox injections reduce tension. A total of 18 male albino rats weighing 250-350 grams each got 1 IU of Botox and saline injected into a subcutaneous muscle in the center of each 1.5 CM two circles with 4.5 CM a gap between them. Group A seven days pre-operatively; group B, after wound incidence. The study compared Botox-treated wounds to those treated immediately after surgery. Group A animals were surgery-ready after 7 days, removed full-thickness skin. Group B got Botox and saline in separate cages following full-thickness skin excision. Each group had three equal subgroups. Each group had immunohistochemistry tests on days 3, 7, and 14. and histological test on day 14 only, Skin biopsies following euthanasia showed significant variations between A and B groups. On day three, the group A showed increase significantly MMP-9 expression than B group. On day 7, the group A displayed a significant increase CD31 expression, suggesting significant new blood vessel development than group B. On day 14, both groups showed strong MMP-9 and CD31 expression, demonstrated greater endothelial cell, and keratinocyte proliferation resulted in very well re-epithelialization. Botox injection before surgery improved wound healing and reduced fibrosis and scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ahmed
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Collage of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - A Aldabagh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Collage of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - A Mahmood
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Collage of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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Rafique S, Najam-ul-Islam M, Shafique M, Mahmood A. Corrigendum to "Cartesian Control of Sit-to-Stand Motion Using Head Position Feedback". Appl Bionics Biomech 2023; 2023:9798458. [PMID: 37869032 PMCID: PMC10586891 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9798458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/1979342.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Samina Rafique
- Electrical Engineering Department, Bahria University, Islamabad 44230, Pakistan
| | - M. Najam-ul-Islam
- Electrical Engineering Department, Bahria University, Islamabad 44230, Pakistan
| | - M. Shafique
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44230, Pakistan
| | - A. Mahmood
- Electrical Engineering Department, Bahria University, Islamabad 44230, Pakistan
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Abdellatif AAH, Mohammed HA, Abdulla MH, Alsubaiyel AM, Mahmood A, Samman WA, Alhaddad AA, Al Rugaie O, Alsharidah M, Vaali-Mohammed MA, Al Hassan N, Taha HH. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles using the plant-based reducing agent Matricaria chamomilla induce cell death in colorectal cancer cells. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:10112-10125. [PMID: 37916381 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202310_34191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a need to treat cancer cells with safe and natural nanoparticles to avoid the side effects of chemotherapeutic agents. Chamomile is considered a safe, natural plant with anticancer activity. We synthesize simple, inexpensive, and eco-friendly silver nanoparticles (SNs) using Chamomile (CHM) to tune their anticancer properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS SN-CHM was synthesized by reducing 1 mM silver nitrate aqueous solution in 100 mL with the aqueous ethanolic flower extract of CHM (18 mg/mL, w/v). The reaction proceeded overnight at 600 rpm and 28°C. SN-CHM was characterized for their % yield, average diameter, charge, morphology, and silver release. Moreover, SN-CHM was investigated for its antioxidant and anticancer activities at 200 µg/mL and 5 mg/ mL, respectively. RESULTS A 59.12% yield and a uniform SN-CHM size of 115 ± 3.1 nm with a ζ-potential of -27.67 ± (-3.92) mv were observed. The UV-visible absorption showed shifts from 379.5 to 383.5 nm for CHM and SN-CHM, respectively. Moreover, Ag+ was ultimately released from SN-CHM after 5 h. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) showed characteristic absorption peaks of CHM and produced SN-CHM. Furthermore, SN-CHM showed moderate antioxidant activity. SN-CHM inhibited the % viability of SW620 and HT-29 cell lines at 20 μM. SN-CHM may also greatly upregulate the apoptotic gene BAX while considerably downregulating the anti-apoptotic genes BCL2 and BCL-Xl. CONCLUSIONS CHM can be a safe soft drink, especially when conjugated with Ag ions as anticancer NPs. SN-CHM is considered potent anticancer activity against SW620, and HT-29 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A H Abdellatif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
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Mahmood A, Hawken J, Robertson NP. Clinical trials in myasthenia gravis. J Neurol 2023; 270:4579-4581. [PMID: 37525018 PMCID: PMC10421758 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11903-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Mahmood
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - J Hawken
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK
| | - N P Robertson
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Cardiff University, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.
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Rather SA, Majeed A, Singh L, Bhatia A, Sharma SC, Mahmood A. Effect of dextransucrase antibodies on biofilm formation and certain cariogenic activities in Streptococcus mutans. J Med Microbiol 2023; 72. [PMID: 37289487 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Dextransucrase produced by Streptococcus mutans plays a vital role in the formation of dental caries by synthesizing exopolysaccharides from sucrose, which helps in the attachment of microbes to the tooth surface, causing caries. Exploring antibody production against S. mutans antigens could be an effective method to protect against dental caries.Hypothesis. Dextransucrase antibodies may help in the prevention of caries formation by inhibiting essential cariogenic factors.Aims. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dextransucrase antibodies on biofilm formation and certain associated cariogenic factors of S. mutans.Methodology. Dextransucrase was purified from culture of S. mutans. The antisera against the enzyme were raised in rabbits. The effect of dextransucrase antibodies on biofilm formation was studied using scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The effects of the antibodies on associated cariogenic factors were examined using established methods. The cross-reactivity of antibodies with human lung, liver, heart, thyroid and kidney tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Results. Our findings showed impaired biofilm formation in S. mutans in the presence of dextransucrase antibodies. Genes associated with biofilm formation such as gtfB, gtfC, brpA, relA, Smu.630 and vicK were downregulated (50-97 %) by dextransucrase antibodies in S. mutans. The adherence of S. mutans to glass surface was reduced by 58 % and hydrophobicity was reduced by 55.2 % in the presence of the antibodies compared to the controls. Immunohistochemistry studies revealed no cross-reactivity of human tissues with dextransucrase antibodies.Conclusions. These findings suggest that antibodies raised against dextransucrase exhibit a profound inhibitory effect on biofilm formation and vital cariogenic factors of S. mutans, which supports the contention that dextransucrase could be a promising antigen to study for its anticariogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abid Majeed
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Lakhvinder Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Akhtar Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Al-Shaibani M, Al-Saffar M, Mahmood A. THE IMPACT OF ALOE VERA GEL ON REMINERALIZATION OF THE TOOTH AND ITS EFFECT AGAINST ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS: AN IN VITRO STUDY. Georgian Med News 2023:63-68. [PMID: 37419473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The Aloe vera plant is a cactus-like plant in the Liliacea family that has been known and utilized for its medical benefits. It has been attempted to be used as a remineralizing agent and shows an antibacterial effect. Aim of the study - assessment of the remineralizing effect of solution of saturated Aloe vera gel compared to distal water by microhardness Vickers test and Densometric X-Ray Analysis and effect of Aloe vera gel against Enterococcus faecalis. 10 extracted permanent molars were used in this in vitro study. each tooth enrolls in Teflon tape and only the enamel of the occlusal surface was exposed to a demineralizing solution (acid etch) for 45 seconds in-vitro and randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 was treated with distal water; group 2 was treated with Aloe vera gel. All groups except the control baseline group were treated with their respective remineralizing solution for 10 days. Vicker's Microhardness Number (VHN) and Densometric X-Ray Analysis were carried out at baseline, post-demineralization and later post 10 days of remineralization. The antibacterial effect of Aloe vera gel was assessed by the disc diffusion method. The filter paper was immersed in 20µl of different concentrations of Aloe vera gel extract as fresh Aloe vera (100 %) and (50 % and 25 %) diluted with de-ionized water after that the disc was distributed in a plate containing the E. faecalis. Antibiotics disc of Augmentin (Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid 30ug) were also poured in the same plate and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours and the zone of inhibition of antibiotic was measured for comparison with a zone of inhibition of filter paper saturated with Aloe vera gel. Densitometric X-Ray Analysis and Microhardness Number (VHN) evaluation showed improvement in the enamel density and the surface hardness after remineralization. The mean value in the group treated with Aloe vera solution was higher than the recorded mean value for the group treated with distal water. There was a significant difference between Aloe vera solution and distal water. Significant (p-value≤0.05) after 10 days. The antibacterial effect showed that E. faecalis was resistant to Aloe vera gel in different concentrations compared with Augmentin (Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid 30ug). Aloe vera gel could be used for caries prevention in terms of safety and efficiency. While E. faecalis show resistance activity against Aloe vera gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Al-Shaibani
- College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - M Al-Saffar
- College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - A Mahmood
- College of Dentistry, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
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Demetriou C, Singhal A, Lanigan J, Mahmood A, Vichas C, Hileti D. The bidirectional relationship between growth and appetite regulation in the first year of life. Eur J Public Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac129.696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a public health crisis. Even though appetite traits in infancy were associated with childhood adiposity, whether early weight gain can influence later appetite has not been researched. Our aim was to prospectively examine the bidirectional association between growth and appetite traits during the first year of life. We followed up 450 healthy term infants for 12 months (m). Appetite traits at 4 weeks (wk), 6m and 12m were assessed using the Baby and Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaires. Infant feeding, anthropometric, socioeconomic and demographic data were also collected. Infant weight-for-age z-scores (WFAZ) were calculated using the WHO 2006 growth reference. Growth was assessed as conditional WFAZ change (cWFAZc) by saving the residuals from linear regression models of WFAZ at each successive time point versus WFAZ at the earlier time point. Multivariable linear regression was used to analyse bidirectional associations between cWFAZc (0-4wk, 4wk-6m, 6-12m) and appetite traits Enjoyment of Food (EF), Food Responsiveness (FR), Satiety Responsiveness (SR) and Slowness in Eating (SE) at 4wk, 6m and 12m. All models were adjusted for relevant confounders. At 4wk, SR score was associated with lower (β:-0.16; 95% CI:-0.28,-0.03), and FR score with higher (β:0.10; 95% CI:0.01,0.19) cWFAZc from 4wk to 12m. SR score at 6m was inversely associated with cWFAZc from 6-12m (β:-0.09; 95% CI:-0.16,-0.01). Conversely, higher cWFAZc between 4wk-6m was associated with higher EF (β:0.10; 95% CI:0.01,0.19) and FR (β:0.16; 95% CI:0.04,0.29) scores at 12m. cWFAZc between 6m-12m was inversely associated with SR at 12m (β:-0.18; 95% CI:-0.35,-0.01). Our results suggest that the growth acceleration hypothesis, where faster growth in infancy leads to later obesity, may be mediated by an up-regulation of appetite traits at 12m. This highlights the public health importance of avoiding growth acceleration in infancy as a way to curb the childhood obesity epidemic.
Key messages
• Weight gain in early infancy impacts appetite regulation in the first year of life and up-regulation of appetite traits at 12 months predisposes to childhood obesity.
• Avoiding growth acceleration in infancy can decrease the risk for childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Demetriou
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School , Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - A Singhal
- Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health , London, UK
| | - J Lanigan
- Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health , London, UK
| | - A Mahmood
- Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, UCL GOS Institute of Child Health , London, UK
| | - C Vichas
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nicosia , Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - D Hileti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nicosia , Nicosia, Cyprus
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Aslam M, Faisal M, Nazeer H, Hussain J, Muzaffar H, Mahmood A, Javed H, Tanveer Q. 14P Up-regulated PI3K/mTOR/AKT pathway behind the downregulation of PTEN, FBXW7, genes and miRNA 140-145, ALK mediated chemotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Alabed S, Maiter A, Mahmood A, Daniel S, Salehi M, Jenkins S, Sharkey M, Rakocevic V, Dwivedi K, Asaadi H, Mamalakis M, O'regan DP, Garg P, Van Der Geest R, Swift AJ. The quality of reporting in cardiac MRI artificial intelligence segmentation studies - a systematic review. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeac141.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): This work was supported by an NIHR AI Award, AI_AWARD01706. This research was also funded in part, by the Wellcome Trust [Grant number 205188/Z/16/Z ].
Background
There has been a rapid increase in the number of Artificial Intelligence (AI) studies of cardiac MRI (CMR) segmentation. AI has huge potential to improve image analysis assessments. However, advancement and clinical translation in this field depend on researchers presenting their work in a transparent and reproducible manner.
Purpose
This systematic review aimed to evaluate the quality of reporting in AI studies involving CMR segmentation.
Methods
MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for AI CMR segmentation studies on 18/11/2021. The flow of study inclusion is shown in Figure 1. Any AI method to segment any cardiac structure on CMR was eligible for inclusion. Each study was assessed for compliance with the Checklist for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging (CLAIM).
Results
70 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. Studies were published between 2015 to 2021, with the majority (71%) published in 2020 and 2021. Most studies were performed in Europe (33%), China (27%) and the USA (26%). Short-axis sections were segmented in 70% of studies and most commonly included both ventricles (51%) or the left ventricle alone (30%). 20 different architecture implementations were represented. Figure 2 summarises the most relevant CLAIM domains to AI segmentation. The training sample eligibility criteria, demographics and clinical characteristics were not reported in 47% and 81% of studies, respectively. Ground truth annotations, source of the annotations and annotation tool were absent in 31%, 36% and 51% of studies respectively. Preprocessing steps and software libraries and packages used in training were not included in 27% and 24%. Details on the training approach including the number of models trained and method of selecting the final model were missing in 20% and 17% of the studies. Methods of validation or testing on external data, inter- and intra- rater variability and failure analysis were unreported in 57%, 63% and 74%, respectively.
Conclusion
This systematic review highlights important gaps in the AI literature of CMR studies. We identified key items missing in the dataset description, model development, validation and testing that limit the transparency, reproducibility and hence validity of published AI studies. This review may support closer adherence to established frameworks for reporting standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alabed
- University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Radiology , Sheffield , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Maiter
- University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Radiology , Sheffield , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - A Mahmood
- University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Radiology , Sheffield , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - S Daniel
- University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Radiology , Sheffield , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Salehi
- University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Radiology , Sheffield , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - S Jenkins
- University of Sheffield, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease , Sheffield , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Sharkey
- University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Radiology , Sheffield , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - V Rakocevic
- University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Radiology , Sheffield , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - K Dwivedi
- University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Radiology , Sheffield , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - H Asaadi
- University of East Anglia and Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich Medical School , Norwich , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - M Mamalakis
- University of Sheffield, Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease , Sheffield , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - D P O'regan
- Imperial College London , London , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - P Garg
- University of East Anglia and Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich Medical School , Norwich , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
| | - R Van Der Geest
- Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , Netherlands (The)
| | - A J Swift
- University of Sheffield, Academic Unit of Radiology , Sheffield , United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland
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Abbasi SH, Mahmood A, Khaliq A, Imran M. LQR Controller for Stabilization of Bio-Inspired Flapping Wing UAV in Gust Environments. J INTELL ROBOT SYST 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10846-022-01699-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Abbasi SH, Mahmood A, Khaliq A, Imran M. Reduced order modeling and simulation of a bio-inspired gust mitigating flapping wing UAV. Int J Intell Robot Appl 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41315-022-00247-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Khan A, Faisal M, Aslam B, Anwar H, Muzaffar H, Roobi A, Aslam N, Majeed L, Ali S, Aslam J, Mehmood M, Tanveer Q, Mahmood A. 39P Understanding the crosstalk between micro-RNA and Wnt signaling cascade associated with the expression level of HOXB13 and SRC genes in female breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Snee M, Cheeseman S, Levick B, Hall G, Rohde G, Stratmann J, Wolf A, van Gils C, Griner R, Mahmood A, Niklas N, Divan H, Krishna A. 44P Real-world (RW) treatment patterns, patient characteristics and outcomes in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) with PD1/L1 as first-line (1L) therapy in the UK and Germany. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Mahmood A, Mohamad N, Sarbon N, Mohd Zin Z, Azlin-Hasim S, W.I. WR. Development of people with disabilities (PWD)-friendly module for bakery
production. Food Res 2022. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.6(2).190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
People with disabilities (PWDs) are often excluded from the surrounding community due
to their physical or mental health deficiencies. This special group needs special care to
enable them to have equal opportunities in all aspects. This project aims to develop PWDfriendly modules specially designed to train and build PWD skills on basic bakeries
products including pizza bread, red bean bun, sausage bread and “paung” bread (plain
bun). Considering their disabilities in reading for most of the PWD, the modules are more
focused on visual presentations rather than instructions. To access the functioning of the
modules, direct practical experience was conducted in a series of workshops in
community-based rehabilitation (CBR). The effectiveness of the modules was evaluated in
terms of their feasibility and acceptability including colour scheme, language used, skills
and knowledge enhancement, user friendly and attractiveness level. Most of the
respondents either strongly agreed or agreed on the components of feasibility and
acceptability of the PWD-friendly modules. The modules were said to user friendly,
helpful and recommended to be used by others. Not only these modules could improve the
PWD skills on bakeries products for commercialization but also increased their motivation
and self-confidence to get involved with the community.
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17
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Majeed A, Chiah Y, Latif N, Tahir A, Mahmood A. Simultaneous malignant hyperthermia reactions in two siblings during living donor liver transplantation. Anaesth Rep 2022; 10:ANR312145. [PMID: 35146429 PMCID: PMC8810940 DOI: 10.1002/anr3.12145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a case of simultaneous malignant hyperthermia reactions occurring in two siblings during living donor liver transplantation. This report highlights the conflicting goals in the clinical management of liver transplantation and malignant hyperthermia, including the use of total intravenous anaesthesia and dantrolene in the face of the potential for drug-induced hepatotoxicity in the remnant liver or transplanted liver graft, as well as cautious fluid management needed for liver transplantation balanced against the liberal fluid therapy required to prevent acute kidney injury associated with malignant hyperthermia. The logistical challenges of managing this emergency in two closely related patients are discussed, including rapid preparation of two vapour-free anaesthesia machines, the need for availability of additional dantrolene and the requirement for additional personnel. Prompt recognition, immediate removal of the triggering agents and conversion to total intravenous anaesthesia helped to curtail the malignant hyperthermic reactions in our patients, both of whom made a full recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Majeed
- Department of AnaesthesiaKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Y. Chiah
- School of MedicineAlfaisal UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - N. Latif
- Department of AnaesthesiaPakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research CentreLahorePakistan
| | - A. Tahir
- Department of AnaesthesiaPrince Muhammad Bin Abdulaziz HospitalMadinahSaudi Arabia
| | - A. Mahmood
- Department of AnaesthesiaKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreRiyadhSaudi Arabia
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18
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Dimopoulos L, Antoniadou T, Mahmood A, Nikolaides AP. Bilateral Femoral Neck Fracture Following an Epileptic Seizure in a Patient with Severe Vitamin D Deficiency: A Case Report. J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2022; 32:93-97. [DOI: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.2021039167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
By 2021 over one million people will be living with dementia (1) costing the government an estimated £30bn a year (2). However, cognitive decline is often misdiagnosed or missed completely in hospital admissions, resulting in delays in detection and treatment for patients. Quick and simple screening tools such as the Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS) could help provide early detection and faster treatment times for such patients. Data from Queen Elizabeth Hospital Kings Lynn showed that only 56.8% of patients over the age of 75 were being assessed for cognitive function on admission, while the national targets are set at 90%.
Methods
A multi-cycle, trust wide, quality improvement project was used to improve screening outcomes for dementia in QEHKL. A baseline measure of screening was taken by QEHKL coding department. Five PDSA (Plan Do Study Act) cycles were undertaken, implementing interventions to aid screening at each stage. Examples include improved medical clerking booklets, trust wide education and allocated ward ‘Dementia Champions’. Performance was assessed by auditors, through patient notes and discharge letters.
Results
Over a 4-month period, 432 patient notes were inspected on six medical wards. Results after interventions showed a significant rise in Dementia Screening from 58.7% to 89.8%. AMTS completion was 70.7% in September 2020 on medical wards which improved to 85.7% in November 2020. Results were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic however, COVID wards were excluded.
Conclusion
The QI project has highlighted that education and accessible tools can improve cognitive screening numbers. An important note is, due to increased pressures during the COVID pandemic it is plausible that screening rates were adversely affected. Despite this, our figures still show positive improvement. The next cycle of our project includes surgical wards and we expect by the time of presentation to have this data to show.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ashraf
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Kings Lynn
| | | | - K Honney
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Kings Lynn
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20
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Goyal D, Ahmad S, Mahmood A, Chander Sharma S. Interactions of dextransucrase purified from Streptococcus mutans 890 with plant polyphenols. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:100980. [PMID: 33748439 PMCID: PMC7967010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant polyphenols have been extensively studied for their chemopreventive properties for human health. Dextransucrase plays an essential role in synthesizing exopolysaccharides from its exclusive substrate sucrose in Streptococcus mutans. In the present study, the effect of polyphenols gallic acid and tannic acid was investigated on the dextransucrase activity. The enzyme was purified by ethanol precipitation followed by column chromatography by Sephadex G-200 gel chromatography, followed by PEG-400 treatment. The purified enzyme exhibited 52 fold enrichment with 17.5% yield and specific activity of 3.54 Units/mg protein. On SDS-PAGE enzyme protein gave a single band with a molecular weight of 160 kDa. Dextransucrase activity was inhibited 80–90% by 0.04 mM tannic acid (TA) or 0.4 mM gallic acid (GA) suggesting that tannic acid has 10- fold more inhibitory potential than gallic acid on the activity of dextransucrase. CD/ORD studies revealed modifications in the tertiary structure of enzyme protein in presence of tannic acid and gallic acid, which were further confirmed by fluorescence spectra of the protein in presence of tannic acid. These results suggest that inhibition of dextransucrase activity in S. mutans by polyphenols may have potential applications in the prevention and control of dental caries. Dextransuccrase an important enzyme of S. mutans is involved in the metabolism of sucrose. Purified enzyme is inhibited (80-90%) by plant polyphenols. Observed inhibition is due to change in teritary structure. S. mutans is an important cariogenic agent. Plant polyphenols are good anticariogenic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimple Goyal
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shabeer Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akhtar Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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21
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Mustafa G, Aslam A, Tipu MY, Masood S, Iqbal U, Mahmood A, Tayyab M, Irshad I. Efficacy evaluation of commercial vaccines against circulating filed isolates of avian influenza H9N2 and infectious bronchitis viruses in broiler chickens. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:1613-1616. [PMID: 32896117 DOI: 10.23812/19-497-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Aslam
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Y Tipu
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Masood
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - U Iqbal
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Mahmood
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - M Tayyab
- Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - I Irshad
- Institute of Continuing Education and Extension, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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22
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Kanthasamy V, Mahmood A, Karde S, Mason S, Marshall A, Reddy R, Sallomi D, Veasey R, Patel N. Toward a uniform pathway in managing incidental lung nodules on computerised tomography [CT] coronary angiography; for a cost effective and safe outcome. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines (NICE CG95) recommends computed tomography coronary angiography [CTCA] as the first line investigation for all patients with suspected typical or atypical angina irrespective of pre-test probability due to its excellent performance and cost effectiveness. However previous cost effectiveness analyses have not factored in the burden of lung nodules [LN] or extracardiac incidentalomas, which are commonly identified on CTCA.
Purpose
As we increasingly detect LN on CTCA scans, it is prudent that a uniform pathway is followed for surveillance of LN. The British Thoracic Society (BTS) has enabled evidence-based development of an algorithm for the management of LN which defines a cut off LN size of ≥5mm requiring further follow up. We aimed to assess the compliance of LN follow up in our patients according to radiology recommendation on CTCA reports and also to assess how well these recommendations adhere to BTS guidelines.
Method
117 patients who underwent CTCA as the initial diagnostic investigation were retrospectively identified from the rapid access chest pain clinic database. Data was collected during a 1 year period between January - December 2017. Data was analysed to determine whether appropriate surveillance pathway was followed for repeat imaging. According to BTS guidelines, nodules ≥5mm should have a systematic work up for surveillance and hence we have stratified our data based on the nodule size. In case of multiple nodules, the largest nodule size was considered.
Results
Out of 117 patients, 77% patients were female with average age 57.8±9.0 years. 40% patients were found to have incidental LN with an average size of 4.63±1.92mm; 44% had a history of cigarette smoking.
Among patient with nodules, 22 (19%) had CT thorax to assess interval change and interestingly 16 (73%) had persisting LN; whereas in 4 (18%), the LN resolved and only 2 (9%) showed increase in LN size. Repeat CT chest was advised for these 2 patients; 1 was advised to undergo biopsy which eventually ruled out malignancy. 6 patients (5%) from group 1 were recommended for repeat CT despite having LN size <5mm.
In the remaining 25 patients (21%) with LN, 15 (60%) did not have further surveillance imaging even though this was recommended by the reporting radiologist. Of these only 3 (12%) had LN ≥5mm which qualified for surveillance CT.
Conclusion
CTCA frequently detects incidentalomas especially LN which cannot be overlooked and require further imaging irrespective of the primary presentation. Our findings also suggest a discrepancy on surveillance CT recommendation against the current BTS guidelines, with potential significant impact on the overall cost effectiveness of CTCA. A systematic approach to LN surveillance could be best achieved with a multidisciplinary team approach (e.g. referral pathway to nodule MDT) and adherence to a standard guideline.
Lung nodule surveillance following CTCA
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kanthasamy
- East Sussex Healthcare NHS trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Mahmood
- East Sussex Healthcare NHS trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Karde
- East Sussex Healthcare NHS trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Mason
- East Sussex Healthcare NHS trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Marshall
- East Sussex Healthcare NHS trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Reddy
- East Sussex Healthcare NHS trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - D Sallomi
- East Sussex Healthcare NHS trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - R Veasey
- East Sussex Healthcare NHS trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - N Patel
- East Sussex Healthcare NHS trust, London, United Kingdom
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23
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Hall H, Kep J, Brown J, Pyakalyia J, King R, Mahmood A, Sitaing M. Midwifery leadership, advocacy and action to improve maternal health in PNG. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The SDG target for maternal mortality is less than 70 per 100,000 live births; in Papua New Guinea, it is estimated to be 145. PNG will require significant resources and strong leadership to meet the 2030 target. The PNG Midwifery Leadership Buddy Program (Buddy Program), funded and coordinated by Rotary, offers an innovative model to improve maternal health, which may be transferable to other low-middle-income countries.
Objectives
The Buddy Program aims to build midwifery leadership resulting in improved outcomes in PNG. As partners, midwives from PNG and Australia undertake leadership training in Port Moresby and enter a reciprocal peer support relationship. Over 12 months, they support each other in their professional roles and progress a quality improvement project.
Results
Three cohorts of midwives (18 from each country), have participated in the leadership training and the first group has completed 12 months of peer support. Participants have reported increased confidence for leadership, action and advocacy. There has been some communication challenges and variation in expectations, predominately due to cultural differences. The Buddy Program has resulted in a number of tangible projects including the introduction of family planning education at a local school and University, introduction of respectful care in pregnancy charter and increased surveillance and treatment of pregnant women with anaemia. Interestingly, a number of participants have continued to support each other beyond the initial 12-month commitment.
Conclusions
Supportive partnerships that grow midwifery leadership hold significant potential to increase the quality of maternity care and reduce preventable maternal deaths in low-middle-income countries.
Key messages
Midwifery leadership plays a vital role in addressing the SDG targets for maternal health. The Buddy Program offers an innovative model to progress the agenda for universal access to quality maternity care.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hall
- Nursing& Midwifery, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
- Australian College of Midwives, Canberra, Australia
- ARCCIM, UTS, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Kep
- PNG Midwifery Society, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | - J Brown
- Morialta, Rotary, Adelaide, Australia
| | - J Pyakalyia
- PNG Midwifery Society, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | - R King
- Australian College of Midwives, Canberra, Australia
| | - A Mahmood
- Morialta, Rotary, Adelaide, Australia
| | - M Sitaing
- PNG Midwifery Society, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
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24
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Rafique S, Najam-ul-Islam M, Shafique M, Mahmood A. Cartesian Control of Sit-to-Stand Motion Using Head Position Feedback. Appl Bionics Biomech 2020; 2020:1979342. [PMID: 32904422 PMCID: PMC7456466 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1979342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sit-to-stand (STS) motion is an indicator of an individual's physical independence and well-being. Determination of various variables that contribute to the execution and control of STS motion is an active area of research. In this study, we evaluate the clinical hypothesis that besides numerous other factors, the central nervous system (CNS) controls STS motion by tracking a prelearned head position trajectory. Motivated by the evidence for a task-oriented encoding of motion by the CNS, we adopt a robotic approach for the synthesis of STS motion and propose this scheme as a solution to this hypothesis. We propose an analytical biomechanical human CNS modeling framework where the head position trajectory defines the high-level task control variable. The motion control is divided into low-level task generation and motor execution phases. We model CNS as STS controller and its Estimator subsystem plans joint trajectories to perform the low-level task. The motor execution is done through the Cartesian controller subsystem that generates torque commands to the joints. We do extensive motion and force capture experiments on human subjects to validate our analytical modeling scheme. We first scale our biomechanical model to match the anthropometry of the subjects. We do dynamic motion reconstruction through the control of simulated custom human CNS models to follow the captured head position trajectories in real time. We perform kinematic and kinetic analyses and comparison of experimental and simulated motions. For head position trajectories, root mean square (RMS) errors are 0.0118 m in horizontal and 0.0315 m in vertical directions. Errors in angle estimates are 0.55 rad, 0.93 rad, 0.59 rad, and 0.0442 rad for ankle, knee, hip, and head orientation, respectively. RMS error of ground reaction force (GRF) is 50.26 N, and the correlation between ground reaction torque and the support moment is 0.72. Low errors in our results validate (1) the reliability of motion/force capture methods and anthropometric technique for customization of human models and (2) high-level task control framework and human CNS modeling as a solution to the hypothesis. Accurate modeling and detailed understanding of human motion can have significant scope in the fields of rehabilitation, humanoid robotics, and virtual characters' motion planning based on high-level task control schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samina Rafique
- Electrical Engineering Department, Bahria University, Islamabad 44230, Pakistan
| | - M. Najam-ul-Islam
- Electrical Engineering Department, Bahria University, Islamabad 44230, Pakistan
| | - M. Shafique
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44230, Pakistan
| | - A. Mahmood
- Electrical Engineering Department, Bahria University, Islamabad 44230, Pakistan
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25
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Anwar M, Malhotra P, Kochhar R, Bhatia A, Mahmood A, Singh R, Mahmood S. TCF 4 tumor suppressor: a molecular target in the prognosis of sporadic colorectal cancer in humans. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:24. [PMID: 32265994 PMCID: PMC7110825 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-00217-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A huge array of function is played by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in development by balancing gene expression through the modulation of cell-specific DNA binding downstream effectors such as T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor (TCF/LEF). The β-catenin/TCF-4 complex is a central regulatory switch for differentiation and proliferation of intestinal cells (both normal and malignant). Thus, in the present study we evaluated each of 60 cases of sporadic adenocarcinoma, alongside adjoining and normal mucosa specimens of colorectum in humans, for mutation and expression analysis of the gene coding for TCF-4 protein. Methods DNA sequencing following PCR amplification and SSCP analysis (single strand conformation polymorphism) was employed to detect TCF-4 gene mutations in the case of exon 1. Quantitative real-time (qRT) PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), confocal microscopy and western blot analysis were used to detect TCF-4 gene/protein expression. Results Sequencing analysis confirmed 5/60 patients with a point mutation in exon 1 of the TCF-4 gene in tumor samples. mRNA expression using qRT-PCR showed approximately 83% decreased TCF-4 mRNA expression in tumor tissue and adjoining mucosa compared to normal mucosa. Similarly, a significant decrease in protein expression using IHC showed decreased TCF-4 protein expression in tumor tissue and adjoining mucosa compared to normal mucosa, which also corresponds to some important clinicopathological factors, including disease metastasis and tumor grade. Mutational alterations and downregulation of TCF-4 mRNA and hence decreased expression of TCF-4 protein in tumors suggest its involvement in the pathogenesis of CRC. Conclusions A remarkable decrease in TCF-4 mRNA and protein expression was detected in tumorous and adjoining tissues compared to normal mucosa. Hence the alterations in genomic architecture along with downregulation of TCF-4 mRNA and decreased expression of TCF-4 protein in tumors, which is in accordance with clinical features, suggest its involvement in the pathogenesis of CRC. Thus, deregulation and collaboration of TCF-4 with CRC could be a concrete and distinctive feature in the prognosis of the disease at an early stage of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mumtaz Anwar
- 1Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012 India.,2Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India.,3Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, 60612 USA
| | - Pooja Malhotra
- 2Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India.,4Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, 60612 USA
| | - Rakesh Kochhar
- 2Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- 1Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Akhtar Mahmood
- 5Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014 India
| | - Rajinder Singh
- 6Department of Surgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Safrun Mahmood
- 1Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012 India
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26
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Zartash H, Saleem S, Rasool Z, Mahmood A, Hameed K, Ahmad Sheikh S, Mansur A. SAT-193 AKI IN POST CABG CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE(CKD) PATIENTS: INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS. Kidney Int Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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27
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Rather SA, Sharma SC, Mahmood A. Antibodies generated against dextransucrase exhibit potential anticariostatic properties in Streptococcus mutans. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:1761-1772. [PMID: 31900558 PMCID: PMC7223241 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans is a common principal causative agent of dental caries. In this communication, we describe that the antibodies raised against purified dextransucrase effectively inhibited the growth of S. mutans. The purified enzyme showed 58-fold enrichment, 17.5% yield and a specific activity of 3.96 units/mg protein. Purified IgG fraction of the antibody showed significant affinity with the antigenic protein. Immunotritation of the enzyme with dextransucrase antibody showed a gradual increase in inhibition of dextransucrase activity. The growth of S. mutans was also inhibited by 85% in the presence of 28 μg of IgG fraction of the antibody. Antibodies also impaired glucosyltransferase activity (72.8%) and biofilm formation by 92.6% in S. mutans. Western blot analysis revealed no cross reactivity with the various tissues of mice, rat, rabbit and humans. Dot blot analysis showed little reactivity with Lactobacillus acidophilus and Staphylococcus aureus and there was no reactivity with other bacterial strains like Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. These findings suggest that antibody raised against dextransucrase exhibit inhibitory effects on the growth of S. mutans and biofilm formation with no reactivity with various mammalian tissues, thus it could be an effective anticariogenic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabeer Ahmad Rather
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | | | - Akhtar Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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28
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Mahmood A, Brieger D, Chow V, Kritharides L, Ng A. 599 Case-Volumes and Outcomes Following Concomitant Aortic, Mitral and Tricuspid Valves Surgery Statewide Over 17-Years: A Population-Linkage Study. Heart Lung Circ 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2020.09.606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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30
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Blumberg LJ, Humphries JE, Jones SD, Pearce LB, Holgate R, Hearn A, Cheung J, Mahmood A, Del Tito B, Graydon JS, Stolz LE, Bitonti A, Purohit S, de Graaf D, Kacena K, Andersen JT, Christianson GJ, Roopenian DC, Hubbard JJ, Gandhi AK, Lasseter K, Pyzik M, Blumberg RS. Blocking FcRn in humans reduces circulating IgG levels and inhibits IgG immune complex-mediated immune responses. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaax9586. [PMID: 31897428 PMCID: PMC6920022 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax9586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The neonatal crystallizable fragment receptor (FcRn) functions as an intracellular protection receptor for immunoglobulin G (IgG). Recently, several clinical studies have reported the lowering of circulating monomeric IgG levels through FcRn blockade for the potential treatment of autoimmune diseases. Many autoimmune diseases, however, are derived from the effects of IgG immune complexes (ICs). We generated, characterized, and assessed the effects of SYNT001, a FcRn-blocking monoclonal antibody, in mice, nonhuman primates (NHPs), and humans. SYNT001 decreased all IgG subtypes and IgG ICs in the circulation of humans, as we show in a first-in-human phase 1, single ascending dose study. In addition, IgG IC induction of inflammatory pathways was dependent on FcRn and inhibited by SYNT001. These studies expand the role of FcRn in humans by showing that it controls not only IgG protection from catabolism but also inflammatory pathways associated with IgG ICs involved in a variety of autoimmune diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/adverse effects
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacokinetics
- Antigen-Antibody Complex/immunology
- Autoantibodies/drug effects
- Autoimmune Diseases/drug therapy
- Cohort Studies
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Healthy Volunteers
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
- Humans
- Immunity, Humoral/immunology
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Immunoglobulin G/immunology
- Macaca fascicularis
- Male
- Mice
- Protein Binding
- Receptors, Fc/antagonists & inhibitors
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S. D. Jones
- BioProcess Technology Consultants, Woburn, MA 01801, USA
| | | | - R. Holgate
- Abzena, Babraham, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - A. Hearn
- Abzena, Babraham, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - J. Cheung
- New York Structural Biology Center, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - A. Mahmood
- New York Structural Biology Center, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - B. Del Tito
- Biologics Consulting, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA
| | | | | | | | - S. Purohit
- BioProcess Technology Consultants, Woburn, MA 01801, USA
| | | | - K. Kacena
- BioBridges, Wellesley, MA 02481, USA
| | - J. T. Andersen
- Department of Immunology and Centre for Immune Regulation, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and University of Oslo, Oslo 0424, Norway
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | | | | | - J. J. Hubbard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - A. K. Gandhi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - K. Lasseter
- Clinical Pharmacology of Miami, Miami, FL 33014, USA
| | - M. Pyzik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - R. S. Blumberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Rather SA, Sharma SC, Mahmood A. pH dependent effects of sodium ions on dextransucrase activity in Streptococcus mutans. Biochem Biophys Rep 2019; 20:100692. [PMID: 31650041 PMCID: PMC6804680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dextransuccrase (E.C 2.4.1.5) is a key enzyme in S. mutans for the metabolism of sucrose which helps in the adherence and accumulation of bacteria on tooth surface leading to the formation of dental caries. Dextransuccrase resembles in its catalytic properties with the brush boarder sucrase and exhibits pH dependent inhibitory and stimulatory effects in response to Na+. In this communication we studied the effect of monovalent cations on the activity of dextransuccrase from S. mutans. The percentage inhibition of dextransuccrase was 65% at 0.5 mM NaCl which enhanced to 90% at 20 mM sodium concentration. However there was no effect on dextransucrase activity in presence of other monovalent cations (Rb+, Cs+, and K+) tested. Enzyme activity was enhanced 20–24% in acidic pH but was strongly inhibited (59–89%) around neutral and alkaline pH by 0.5–2.0 mM sodium chloride. Upon dialysis, 86% of enzyme activity was restored to control values. There was no effect of 2 mM NaCl on glucosyltransferase activity of the enzyme. Kinetic studies revealed that enzyme showed biphasic effects in response to Na+ ions. At acidic pH the enzyme exhibited mixed type of activation affecting both Vmax and Km, while in alkaline pH, the enzyme showed V- type effect reducing Vmax by 74% without affecting Km. The effects of sodium ions on dextransuccrase activity were specific, thus it can be useful to block its catalytic activity, and reducing the cariogenic potential of S. mutans. This is the first report describing the effects of sodium ions on dextransucrase activity in S. mutans, a gram positive bacteria. Dextransucrase activity in S. mutans is essential for metabolism of sucrase a primary substrate for the growth of organism. Data presented herein shows pH dependent biphasic effects of sodium ions on dextransucrase activity similar to that reported in mammalian brush border sucrose. Enzyme activity was stimulated at acidic pH but is strongly inhibited by sodium ions. this may help in reducing the cariogenic potential of S. mutans.
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Krisai P, Blum S, Aeschbacher S, Beer JH, Moschovitis G, Witassek F, Kobza R, Rodondi N, Mahmood A, Meyer-Zuern C, Kuehne M, Osswald S, Conen D. P1876Atrial fibrillation related symptoms and cardiovascular outcomes. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Comprehensive information on the impact of atrial fibrillation (AF)-related symptoms and quality of life (QoL) on adverse outcomes is sparse.
Purpose
We aimed to investigate whether AF-related symptoms and/or QoL are associated with cardiovascular outcomes in a large cohort of AF patients.
Methods
A total of 3902 participants with documented AF from two nationwide prospective cohort studies in Switzerland were included. Information on AF-related symptoms was assessed yearly by standardized questionnaires, QoL was quantified using a visual analog scale (0–100, with higher scores indicating better QoL). The primary endpoint was a composite of stroke and systemic embolism. The secondary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death, hospitalization for heart failure and myocardial infarction. We assessed associations using multivariable, time-updated Cox proportional-hazards models including age, sex, study cohort, history of heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, prior stroke, prior myocardial infarction, vascular disease and prior catheter ablation for AF as covariates.
Results
Mean age was 72 years, and 72% were male. The median QoL score was 75 points, and 2572 (66%) participants had AF-related symptoms. Symptomatic individuals were younger (71 vs 75 years) and had more often paroxysmal AF (29 vs 23%) (p for both <0.001). The most frequent symptoms were palpitations (42%), dyspnea (25%) and fatigue (18%). In multivariable, time-updated models, the hazard ratio (HR) was 1.24 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.72; 2.11, p=0.43) for the primary endpoint and HR 0.83 (95% CI 0.65; 1.06, p=0.14) for the secondary endpoint in symptomatic vs non-symptomatic individuals. There was a significant, inverse association for a 5-point increase in the QoL score with both the primary (HR 0.94 (95% CI 0.88; 0.99), p=0.04) and secondary (HR 0.91 (95% CI 0.88; 0.93), p<0.0001) endpoints.
Conclusions
AF-related symptoms are not associated with adverse cardiovascular events in AF patients. In contrast, QoL is inversely associated with to adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Krisai
- University Hospital Basel, Cardiology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Blum
- University Hospital Basel, Cardiology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Aeschbacher
- University Hospital Basel, Cardiology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J H Beer
- Cantonal Hospital of Baden, Internal Medicine, Baden, Switzerland
| | | | - F Witassek
- University Hospital Zurich, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Kobza
- Kantonsspital Lucerne, Cardiology, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - N Rodondi
- Bern University Hospital, Department of General Internal Medicine and Institute of Primary Health Care, Bern, Switzerland
| | - A Mahmood
- University Hospital Basel, Cardiology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - C Meyer-Zuern
- University Hospital Basel, Cardiology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Kuehne
- University Hospital Basel, Cardiology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Osswald
- University Hospital Basel, Cardiology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - D Conen
- Population Health Research Institute, Cardiology, Hamilton, Canada
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Mullane KM, Morrison VA, Camacho LH, Arvin A, McNeil SA, Durrand J, Campbell B, Su SC, Chan ISF, Parrino J, Kaplan SS, Popmihajlov Z, Annunziato PW, Cerana S, Dictar MO, Bonvehi P, Tregnaghi JP, Fein L, Ashley D, Singh M, Hayes T, Playford G, Morrissey O, Thaler J, Kuehr T, Greil R, Pecherstorfer M, Duck L, Van Eygen K, Aoun M, De Prijck B, Franke FA, Barrios CHE, Mendes AVA, Serrano SV, Garcia RF, Moore F, Camargo JFC, Pires LA, Alves RS, Radinov A, Oreshkov K, Minchev V, Hubenova AI, Koynova T, Ivanov I, Rabotilova B, Minchev V, Petrov PA, Chilingirov P, Karanikolov S, Raynov J, Grimard D, McNeil S, Kumar D, Larratt LM, Weiss K, Delage R, Diaz-Mitoma FJ, Cano PO, Couture F, Carvajal P, Yepes A, Torres Ulloa R, Fardella P, Caglevic C, Rojas C, Orellana E, Gonzalez P, Acevedo A, Galvez KM, Gonzalez ME, Franco S, Restrepo JG, Rojas CA, Bonilla C, Florez LE, Ospina AV, Manneh R, Zorica R, Vrdoljak DV, Samarzija M, Petruzelka L, Vydra J, Mayer J, Cibula D, Prausova J, Paulson G, Ontaneda M, Palk K, Vahlberg A, Rooneem R, Galtier F, Postil D, Lucht F, Laine F, Launay O, Laurichesse H, Duval X, Cornely OA, Camerer B, Panse J, Zaiss M, Derigs HG, Menzel H, Verbeek M, Georgoulias V, Mavroudis D, Anagnostopoulos A, Terpos E, Cortes D, Umanzor J, Bejarano S, Galeano RW, Wong RSM, Hui P, Pedrazzoli P, Ruggeri L, Aversa F, Bosi A, Gentile G, Rambaldi A, Contu A, Marei L, Abbadi A, Hayajneh W, Kattan J, Farhat F, Chahine G, Rutkauskiene J, Marfil Rivera LJ, Lopez Chuken YA, Franco Villarreal H, Lopez Hernandez J, Blacklock H, Lopez RI, Alvarez R, Gomez AM, Quintana TS, Moreno Larrea MDC, Zorrilla SJ, Alarcon E, Samanez FCA, Caguioa PB, Tiangco BJ, Mora EM, Betancourt-Garcia RD, Hallman-Navarro D, Feliciano-Lopez LJ, Velez-Cortes HA, Cabanillas F, Ganea DE, Ciuleanu TE, Ghizdavescu DG, Miron L, Cebotaru CL, Cainap CI, Anghel R, Dvorkin MV, Gladkov OA, Fadeeva NV, Kuzmin AA, Lipatov ON, Zbarskaya II, Akhmetzyanov FS, Litvinov IV, Afanasyev BV, Cherenkova M, Lioznov D, Lisukov IA, Smirnova YA, Kolomietz S, Halawani H, Goh YT, Drgona L, Chudej J, Matejkova M, Reckova M, Rapoport BL, Szpak WM, Malan DR, Jonas N, Jung CW, Lee DG, Yoon SS, Lopez Jimenez J, Duran Martinez I, Rodriguez Moreno JF, Solano Vercet C, de la Camara R, Batlle Massana M, Yeh SP, Chen CY, Chou HH, Tsai CM, Chiu CH, Siritanaratkul N, Norasetthada L, Sriuranpong V, Seetalarom K, Akan H, Dane F, Ozcan MA, Ozsan GH, Kalayoglu Besisik SF, Cagatay A, Yalcin S, Peniket A, Mullan SR, Dakhil KM, Sivarajan K, Suh JJG, Sehgal A, Marquez F, Gomez EG, Mullane MR, Skinner WL, Behrens RJ, Trevarthe DR, Mazurczak MA, Lambiase EA, Vidal CA, Anac SY, Rodrigues GA, Baltz B, Boccia R, Wertheim MS, Holladay CS, Zenk D, Fusselman W, Wade III JL, Jaslowsk AJ, Keegan J, Robinson MO, Go RS, Farnen J, Amin B, Jurgens D, Risi GF, Beatty PG, Naqvi T, Parshad S, Hansen VL, Ahmed M, Steen PD, Badarinath S, Dekker A, Scouros MA, Young DE, Graydon Harker W, Kendall SD, Citron ML, Chedid S, Posada JG, Gupta MK, Rafiyath S, Buechler-Price J, Sreenivasappa S, Chay CH, Burke JM, Young SE, Mahmood A, Kugler JW, Gerstner G, Fuloria J, Belman ND, Geller R, Nieva J, Whittenberger BP, Wong BMY, Cescon TP, Abesada-Terk G, Guarino MJ, Zweibach A, Ibrahim EN, Takahashi G, Garrison MA, Mowat RB, Choi BS, Oliff IA, Singh J, Guter KA, Ayrons K, Rowland KM, Noga SJ, Rao SB, Columbie A, Nualart MT, Cecchi GR, Campos LT, Mohebtash M, Flores MR, Rothstein-Rubin R, O'Connor BM, Soori G, Knapp M, Miranda FG, Goodgame BW, Kassem M, Belani R, Sharma S, Ortiz T, Sonneborn HL, Markowitz AB, Wilbur D, Meiri E, Koo VS, Jhangiani HS, Wong L, Sanani S, Lawrence SJ, Jones CM, Murray C, Papageorgiou C, Gurtler JS, Ascensao JL, Seetalarom K, Venigalla ML, D'Andrea M, De Las Casas C, Haile DJ, Qazi FU, Santander JL, Thomas MR, Rao VP, Craig M, Garg RJ, Robles R, Lyons RM, Stegemoller RK, Goel S, Garg S, Lowry P, Lynch C, Lash B, Repka T, Baker J, Goueli BS, Campbell TC, Van Echo DA, Lee YJ, Reyes EA, Senecal FM, Donnelly G, Byeff P, Weiss R, Reid T, Roeland E, Goel A, Prow DM, Brandt DS, Kaplan HG, Payne JE, Boeckh MG, Rosen PJ, Mena RR, Khan R, Betts RF, Sharp SA, Morrison VA, Fitz-Patrick D, Congdon J, Erickson N, Abbasi R, Henderson S, Mehdi A, Wos EJ, Rehmus E, Beltzer L, Tamayo RA, Mahmood T, Reboli AC, Moore A, Brown JM, Cruz J, Quick DP, Potz JL, Kotz KW, Hutchins M, Chowhan NM, Devabhaktuni YD, Braly P, Berenguer RA, Shambaugh SC, O'Rourke TJ, Conkright WA, Winkler CF, Addo FEK, Duic JP, High KP, Kutner ME, Collins R, Carrizosa DR, Perry DJ, Kailath E, Rosen N, Sotolongo R, Shoham S, Chen T. Safety and efficacy of inactivated varicella zoster virus vaccine in immunocompromised patients with malignancies: a two-arm, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 2019; 19:1001-1012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30310-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Peh C, White J, Mahmood A, Bates D, Rogers C, Alfred S, Warrell D, Thwin K, Htay K, Kyaw K. MON-245 ENORMOUS CLINICAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH BURDEN OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY, MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY DUE TO SNAKEBITE ENVENOMING IN MYANMAR. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.1047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Mahmood A, T.C. TZ, Anuar N. Effect of garlic (Allium sativum L.) on the physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties of chili sauce. Food Res 2019. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.3(5).070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Akram MW, Alam MF, Ji HN, Mahmood A, Munir T, Iqbal MZ, Saleem MR, Amin N, Wu AG. Chitosan blend iron oxide nanostructure-based biosensor for healthy & malignant tissue glucose/urea detection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/474/1/012060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abbas G, Ahmad F, Saeed M, Ayasan T, Mahmood A, Yasmeen R, Kamboh A. Effect of Dietary Inclusion of Sodium Bicarbonate on Digestibility of Nutrients and Immune Response in Caged Layers During the Summer. Braz J Poult Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2018-0915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Abbas
- Riphah College of Veterinary Sciences, Pakistan
| | - F Ahmad
- University of Agriculture, Pakistan
| | - M Saeed
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - T Ayasan
- East Mediterranean Agricultural Research Institute, Turkey
| | - A Mahmood
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - R Yasmeen
- Lahore Garrison University, Pakistan
| | - A Kamboh
- Sindh Agriculture University, Pakistan
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Mahmood A, Belghiti J, Azaïs H, Uzan C, Canlorbe G. [Robotic assisted laparoscopic myomectomy of large uterine myoma with video]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 47:88-89. [PMID: 30573427 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Mahmood
- Service de chirurgie et oncologie gynécologique et mammaire, hôpitaux universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, AP-HP, 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - J Belghiti
- Service de chirurgie et oncologie gynécologique et mammaire, hôpitaux universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, AP-HP, 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - H Azaïs
- Service de chirurgie et oncologie gynécologique et mammaire, hôpitaux universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, AP-HP, 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - C Uzan
- Service de chirurgie et oncologie gynécologique et mammaire, hôpitaux universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, AP-HP, 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - G Canlorbe
- Service de chirurgie et oncologie gynécologique et mammaire, hôpitaux universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière - Charles Foix, AP-HP, 83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
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Mahmood A, Labbe D, Mahal T, Bigonnesse C, Mortenson BW, Martin Ginis KA. PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH AND KNOWLEDGE MOBILIZATION: AUDITS, PHOTO ELICITATION AND VIDEOS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.3100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Mahmood
- Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D Labbe
- Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia
| | - T Mahal
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University
| | - C Bigonnesse
- Postdoctoral fellow, Research Centre on Aging, Université de Moncton
| | - B W Mortenson
- Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia
| | - K A Martin Ginis
- Professor, School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia
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Lay JC, Fung HH, Jiang D, Mahmood A, Graf P, Hoppmann CA. SOLITUDE IN SOCIAL CONTEXT: ACCULTURATION, DESIRE, AND TIME IN SOLITUDE SHAPE SOLITUDE-LONELINESS LINKS. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.2809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J C Lay
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - H H Fung
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR
| | - D Jiang
- Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - A Mahmood
- Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - P Graf
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - C A Hoppmann
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Chi K, Lay J, Graf P, Mahmood A, Hoppmann C. LINKS BETWEEN EVERYDAY INTERGENERATIONAL PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOUR AND EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING IN OLD AGE. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy031.3579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Chi
- University of British Columbia
| | - J Lay
- University of British Columbia
| | - P Graf
- University of British Columbia
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Oswald F, Mahmood A, Wahl H. AGING IN PLACE IN URBAN SETTINGS: HOW TO BETTER UNDERSTAND CURRENT AND FUTURE LINKS BETWEEN PERSON AND ENVIRONMENT. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Oswald
- Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Hessen
| | - A Mahmood
- Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia
| | - H Wahl
- Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, Heidelberg, Baden-Wurttemberg
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Stewart H, Mahmood A, Davidson S, Kaur J. URBAN ECOLOGY, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND AGING. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Stewart
- Simon Fraser University and The University of British Columbia, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Mahmood
- Gerontology Department at Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - S Davidson
- Gerontology Department at Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J Kaur
- Gerontology Department at Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Malkani N, Mahmood A. Evaluation of oral cancer trends in Pakistan during the period 2010 to 2016. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy438.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Nanda N, Mahmood S, Bhatia A, Mahmood A, Dhawan DK. Chemopreventive role of olive oil in colon carcinogenesis by targeting noncoding RNAs and methylation machinery. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:1180-1194. [PMID: 30155989 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic therapy induced by dietary components has become a strong interest in the field of cancer prevention. Olive oil, a potent dietary chemopreventive agent, control colon cancer, however, its role in epigenetic therapy remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of olive oil in a preclinical model of colon cancer by targeting genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. DMH was used to induce colon cancer in rats; while olive oil was given to separate group of rats along with DMH treatment. Tumor burden and incidence in DMH and DMH + olive oil-treated rats was observed by macroscopic examination and histoarchitectural studies. Potent anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic and pro-apoptotic activity of olive oil was explored by gene expression and immunohistochemical studies. The effect of olive oil on epigenetic alterations was examined by detecting promoter methylation with MS-HRM and dysregulation of miRNA by TaqMan MicroRNA Assay. We observed that olive oil administration lowered tumor incidence and inhibited the development of tumors in DMH-treated rats. Olive oil markedly decreased the expression of inflammatory and angiogenic markers and restored the expression of pro-apoptotic markers in DMH-treated rats. Furthermore, the inverse relationship between gene expression and DNA methylation, deviant miRNA pattern and miRNA silencing mediated by aberrant DNA methylation was also seen in DMH-treated rats, which was potentially reversible upon olive oil treatment. Our study concludes that olive oil may play a role in the epigenetic therapy by altering NF-κB and apoptotic pathways via targeting noncoding RNAs and methylation machinery that affecting epigenome to prevent colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Nanda
- Department of Pathology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.,Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Safrun Mahmood
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Akhtar Mahmood
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Mahmood A, Sharpe P. Non-Luer butterfly needle with one-way valve for epidural blood patch: impact on blood clotting. Anaesthesia 2018; 73:911-912. [PMID: 29890000 DOI: 10.1111/anae.14334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Mahmood
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - P Sharpe
- University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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Abi Musa Asa’Ari A, Mahmood A, Ibrahim J, Bikmalla S, Maddekar N, Khan S, Hussain I, Abid Q, Satur C, Bogdan C, Ghosh S, Haris M. Lung cancer staging concordance by stage grouping prior to resection. Lung Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(18)30087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Saeed S, Faisal M, Majeed W, Hussain J, Muzaffar H, Mahmood A, Javed H. Micro-RNA down express ABCG2 gene in adjuvant chemotherapy in female breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx679.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Khanna A, Ryan S, Youssef J, Mahmood A. P3.02-054 Prognostic Implications of ROS1 Positivity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): A Systematic Review of Published Literature. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.1583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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