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Mascherpa M, Pegoire C, Meroni A, Minopoli M, Thilaganathan B, Frick A, Bhide A. Prenatal prediction of adverse outcome using different charts and definitions of fetal growth restriction. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2024; 63:605-612. [PMID: 38145554 DOI: 10.1002/uog.27568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antenatal growth assessment using ultrasound aims to identify small fetuses that are at higher risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. This study explored whether the association between suboptimal fetal growth and adverse perinatal outcome varies with different definitions of fetal growth restriction (FGR) and different weight charts/standards. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of 17 261 singleton non-anomalous pregnancies at ≥ 24 + 0 weeks' gestation that underwent routine ultrasound at a tertiary referral hospital. Estimated fetal weight (EFW) and Doppler indices were converted into percentiles using a reference standard (INTERGROWTH-21st (IG-21)) and various reference charts (Hadlock, Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) and Swedish). Test characteristics were assessed using the consensus definition, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) definition and Swedish criteria for FGR. Adverse perinatal outcome was defined as perinatal death, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit at term, 5-min Apgar score < 7 and therapeutic cooling for neonatal encephalopathy. The association between FGR according to each definition and adverse perinatal outcome was compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to test the strength of association between ultrasound parameters and adverse perinatal outcome. Ultrasound parameters were also tested for correlation. RESULTS IG-21, Hadlock and FMF fetal size references classified as growth-restricted 1.5%, 3.6% and 4.6% of fetuses, respectively, using the consensus definition and 2.9%, 8.8% and 10.6% of fetuses, respectively, using the SMFM definition. The sensitivity of the definition/chart combinations for adverse perinatal outcome varied from 4.4% (consensus definition with IG-21 charts) to 13.2% (SMFM definition with FMF charts). Specificity varied from 89.4% (SMFM definition with FMF charts) to 98.6% (consensus definition with IG-21 charts). The consensus definition and Swedish criteria showed the highest specificity, positive predictive value and positive likelihood ratio in detecting adverse outcome, irrespective of the reference chart/standard used. Conversely, the SMFM definition had the highest sensitivity across all investigated growth charts. Low EFW, abnormal mean uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) and abnormal cerebroplacental ratio were significantly associated with adverse perinatal outcome and there was a positive correlation between the covariates. Multivariate logistic regression showed that UtA-PI > 95th percentile and EFW < 5th percentile were the only parameters consistently associated with adverse outcome, irrespective of the definitions or fetal growth chart/standard used. CONCLUSIONS The apparent prevalence of FGR varies according to the definition and fetal size reference chart/standard used. Irrespective of the method of classification, the sensitivity for the identification of adverse perinatal outcome remains low. EFW, UtA-PI and fetal Doppler parameters are significant predictors of adverse perinatal outcome. As these indices are correlated with one other, a prediction algorithm is advocated to overcome the limitations of using these parameters in isolation. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mascherpa
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Pegoire
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK
| | - A Meroni
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Università degli Studi di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - M Minopoli
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, Università degli Study di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - B Thilaganathan
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | - A Frick
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK
| | - A Bhide
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of London, London, UK
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Meroni A, Wells SE, Fonseca C, Ray Chaudhuri A, Caldecott KW, Vindigni A. DNA combing versus DNA spreading and the separation of sister chromatids. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202305082. [PMID: 38315097 PMCID: PMC10840220 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202305082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA combing and DNA spreading are two central approaches for studying DNA replication fork dynamics genome-wide at single-molecule resolution by distributing labeled genomic DNA on coverslips or slides for immunodetection. Perturbations in DNA replication fork dynamics can differentially affect either leading or lagging strand synthesis, for example, in instances where replication is blocked by a lesion or obstacle on only one of the two strands. Thus, we sought to investigate whether the DNA combing and/or spreading approaches are suitable for resolving adjacent sister chromatids during DNA replication, thereby enabling the detection of DNA replication dynamics within individual nascent strands. To this end, we developed a thymidine labeling scheme that discriminates between these two possibilities. Our data suggests that DNA combing resolves sister chromatids, allowing the detection of strand-specific alterations, whereas DNA spreading typically does not. These findings have important implications when interpreting DNA replication dynamics from data obtained by these two commonly used techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Meroni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sophie E. Wells
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer Brighton, UK
| | - Carmen Fonseca
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Arnab Ray Chaudhuri
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Keith W. Caldecott
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer Brighton, UK
| | - Alessandro Vindigni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Meroni A, Wells SE, Fonseca C, Ray Chaudhuri A, Caldecott KW, Vindigni A. DNA Combing versus DNA Spreading and the Separation of Sister Chromatids. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.02.539129. [PMID: 37205507 PMCID: PMC10187196 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.02.539129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
DNA combing and DNA spreading are two central approaches for studying DNA replication fork dynamics genome-wide at single-molecule resolution by distributing labeled genomic DNA on coverslips or slides for immunodetection. Perturbations in DNA replication fork dynamics can differentially affect either leading or lagging strand synthesis, for example in instances where replication is blocked by a lesion or obstacle on only one of the two strands. Thus, we sought to investigate whether the DNA combing and/or spreading approaches are suitable for resolving adjacent sister chromatids during DNA replication, thereby enabling the detection of DNA replication dynamics within individual nascent strands. To this end, we developed a thymidine labeling scheme that discriminates between these two possibilities. Our data suggests that DNA combing resolves single chromatids, allowing the detection of strand-specific alterations, whereas DNA spreading does not. These findings have important implications when interpreting DNA replication dynamics from data obtained by these two commonly used techniques.
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Ashour ME, Byrum AK, Meroni A, Xia J, Singh S, Galletto R, Rosenberg SM, Vindigni A, Mosammaparast N. Rapid profiling of DNA replication dynamics using mass spectrometry-based analysis of nascent DNA. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202207121. [PMID: 36795402 PMCID: PMC9960042 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202207121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary method for probing DNA replication dynamics is DNA fiber analysis, which utilizes thymidine analog incorporation into nascent DNA, followed by immunofluorescent microscopy of DNA fibers. Besides being time-consuming and prone to experimenter bias, it is not suitable for studying DNA replication dynamics in mitochondria or bacteria, nor is it adaptable for higher-throughput analysis. Here, we present mass spectrometry-based analysis of nascent DNA (MS-BAND) as a rapid, unbiased, quantitative alternative to DNA fiber analysis. In this method, incorporation of thymidine analogs is quantified from DNA using triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. MS-BAND accurately detects DNA replication alterations in both the nucleus and mitochondria of human cells, as well as bacteria. The high-throughput capability of MS-BAND captured replication alterations in an E. coli DNA damage-inducing gene library. Therefore, MS-BAND may serve as an alternative to the DNA fiber technique, with potential for high-throughput analysis of replication dynamics in diverse model systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E. Ashour
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrea K. Byrum
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer & Blood Diseases, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alice Meroni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jun Xia
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Saurabh Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Roberto Galletto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Susan M. Rosenberg
- Departments of Molecular and Human Genetics, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alessandro Vindigni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nima Mosammaparast
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Gonzalez-Gonzalez A, Guo Z, Meroni A, Cybulla E, Hoog J, Vindigni A, Ma C. Abstract P2-17-03: Preclinical study of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-Dxd; DS-8201a) in combination with DNA damage response pathway inhibitors in HER2-low/Hormone receptor negative breast cancer patient-derived xenograft models. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-p2-17-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), defined by negative hormone receptor (HR) status and the lack of HER2 gene amplification, is a significant clinical challenge because of its aggressive clinical course and association with a poor prognosis. Recent studies demonstrated that approximately a third of TNBC has low expression of HER2, so called HER2-low TNBC, which could be targeted by the new generation HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Trastuzumab deruxtecan (also known as T-Dxd, DS-8201a) is a novel HER2-directed ADC with a topoisomerase 1 inhibitor payload and a tetrapeptide-based cleavable linker, which has been FDA approved for patients with metastatic HER2-positive, or amplified breast cancer. T-Dxd has also shown to improve survival outcomes when compared to physicians’ choice chemotherapy in patients with metastatic HR-negative/HER2-low breast cancer in the Phase 3 DESTINY-Breast04 trial. However, resistance is invariable. We hypothesize that small molecule inhibitors against DNA damage response (DDR) pathways could potentiate the DNA damaging effect of T-Dxd and improve its anti-tumor activity in HER2-low TNBC. Method: We conducted preclinical experiments to assess the anti-tumor activity of T-Dxd and each of the DDR pathway inhibitors, including the ATR inhibitor AZD6738, the ATM inhibitor AZD1390, and the PARP inhibitor olaparib, as well as the Wee 1 inhibitor AZD1775, either alone or in combination, compared to the vehicle treatment, in a panel of HER2-low TNBC PDX models in vivo, as well as mechanistic studies using HER2-low TNBC cell lines in vitro. HER2-low was defined as 1+ or 2+ on HER2 immunohistochemistry. Results: Four HER2-low TNBC PDX models, including WHIM2 (TP53 mutated, basal-like), WHIM6 (TP53 WT, basal-like), WHIM12 (TP53, PIK3CA, and PTEN mutated, claudin-low), and WHIM30 (BRCA1 and TP53 mutated, basal-like), as well as a panel of 4 TNBC cell lines with variable HER2 expression were included in the study. We demonstrated that the addition of DDR pathway inhibitors to T-Dxd led to further tumor shrinkage and delayed tumor progression in HER2-low TNBC PDX models in vivo and induced synergistic anti-tumor effects in vitro. Enhanced DNA damaging effect and apoptosis induction were observed with combination therapies in vitro. Biomarker analysis on xenograft tumors harvested 3 days following treatment with either Vehicle, T-Dxd, olaparib, or T-Dxd plus olaparib in WHIM6, was also performed, which demonstrated that the addition of olaparib enhanced DNA damage (increased pH2AX), and promoted apoptosis (increased cleaved PARP). Further mechanistic studies in HER2-low TNBC cell lines demonstrated the formation of DNA topoisomerase 1 covalent complexes (TopoIcc) following treatment with T-Dxd. Interestingly, while the formation of Topolcc was reduced with the addition of either ATR or ATM inhibitor, no reduction was observed with the addition of olaparib. Additionally, we observed that combination therapies reduced cell migration in vitro. The combination of olaparib with T-Dxd, in particular, reduced mammosphere formation and Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) modulation markers, including SNAIL, SLUG and/or TWIST. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that the combination of T-Dxd and DDR pathway inhibitors induced additive or synergistic anti-tumor effect in HER2-low TNBC. Our data from the studies of cell lines and PDX models provided preclinical rationale for the combination of T-Dxd and DDR pathway inhibitors in patients with HER2-low TNBC. The olaparib combination showed unique mechanistic characteristics compared with other DDR inhibitors, which are being further examined in additional HER2-low TNBC models.
Citation Format: Adrian Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Zhanfang Guo, Alice Meroni, Emily Cybulla, Jeremy Hoog, Alessandro Vindigni, Cynthia Ma. Preclinical study of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-Dxd; DS-8201a) in combination with DNA damage response pathway inhibitors in HER2-low/Hormone receptor negative breast cancer patient-derived xenograft models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-17-03.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhanfang Guo
- 2Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine
| | - Alice Meroni
- 3Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine
| | - Emily Cybulla
- 4Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine
| | - Jeremy Hoog
- 5Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine
| | | | - Cynthia Ma
- 7Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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Meroni A, Grosser J, Agashe S, Ramakrishnan N, Jackson J, Verma P, Baranello L, Vindigni A. NEDDylated Cullin 3 mediates the adaptive response to topoisomerase 1 inhibitors. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabq0648. [PMID: 36490343 PMCID: PMC9733930 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq0648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerase 1 (TOP11) inhibitors are mainstays of anticancer therapy. These drugs trap TOP1 on DNA, stabilizing the TOP1-cleavage complex (TOP1-cc). The accumulation of TOP1-ccs perturbs DNA replication fork progression, leading to DNA breaks and cell death. By analyzing the genomic occupancy and activity of TOP1, we show that cells adapt to treatment with multiple doses of TOP1 inhibitor by promoting the degradation of TOP1-ccs, allowing cells to better tolerate subsequent doses of TOP1 inhibitor. The E3-RING Cullin 3 ligase in complex with the BTBD1 and BTBD2 adaptor proteins promotes TOP1-cc ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation. NEDDylation of Cullin 3 activates this pathway, and inhibition of protein NEDDylation or depletion of Cullin 3 sensitizes cancer cells to TOP1 inhibitors. Collectively, our data uncover a previously unidentified NEDD8-Cullin 3 pathway involved in the adaptive response to TOP1 inhibitors, which can be targeted to improve the efficacy of TOP1 drugs in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Meroni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jan Grosser
- Karolinska Institutet, CMB, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Sumedha Agashe
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Natasha Ramakrishnan
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jessica Jackson
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Priyanka Verma
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | | | - Alessandro Vindigni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Meroni A, Vindigni A. A RADAR method to measure DNA topoisomerase covalent complexes. Methods Enzymol 2022; 672:369-381. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mckenzie KM, Nasir R, Kong Y, Dissanayake HU, McMullan R, Gordon A, Meroni A, Phang M, Skilton MR. Maternal Dietary Carbohydrate Intake and Newborn Aortic Wall Thickness. Nutrients 2021; 13:1382. [PMID: 33924014 PMCID: PMC8073292 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from animal models indicates that maternal diet during pregnancy affects offspring cardiometabolic health. Improving carbohydrate quality during high-risk pregnancies reduces aortic intima-medial thickness; a marker for early atherosclerosis; in the infant offspring. We sought to determine whether maternal carbohydrate quantity and quality are associated with newborn aortic intima-medial thickness in healthy pregnancies. Maternal diet throughout pregnancy was evaluated in 139 mother-child dyads using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Carbohydrate intake was expressed as quantity (% total energy), quality (fibre, glycaemic index), and glycaemic burden (glycaemic load). Aortic intima-medial thickness was measured by high-frequency ultrasound of the neonatal abdominal aorta. Neither quantity nor quality of maternal carbohydrate intake during pregnancy was associated with meaningful differences in offspring maximum aortic intima-medial thickness with the exception of fibre intake in women with overweight or obesity which was inversely associated (-8 μm [95% CI -14, -1] per g fibre, p = 0.04). In healthy pregnancy, the quantity and quality of maternal carbohydrate intake is likely not a meaningful modifiable lifestyle factor for influencing offspring vascular health. The effect of carbohydrate quality may only be evident in high-risk pregnancies, consistent with previous findings. These findings may be confirmed in prospective dietary trials in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty M. Mckenzie
- Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.M.M.); (R.N.); (Y.K.); (H.U.D.); (R.M.); (A.M.); (M.P.)
- Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Reeja Nasir
- Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.M.M.); (R.N.); (Y.K.); (H.U.D.); (R.M.); (A.M.); (M.P.)
- Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Yang Kong
- Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.M.M.); (R.N.); (Y.K.); (H.U.D.); (R.M.); (A.M.); (M.P.)
- Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Hasthi U. Dissanayake
- Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.M.M.); (R.N.); (Y.K.); (H.U.D.); (R.M.); (A.M.); (M.P.)
- Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Rowena McMullan
- Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.M.M.); (R.N.); (Y.K.); (H.U.D.); (R.M.); (A.M.); (M.P.)
- Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Adrienne Gordon
- Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Women, Children and their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Alice Meroni
- Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.M.M.); (R.N.); (Y.K.); (H.U.D.); (R.M.); (A.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Melinda Phang
- Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.M.M.); (R.N.); (Y.K.); (H.U.D.); (R.M.); (A.M.); (M.P.)
| | - Michael R. Skilton
- Boden Collaboration for Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia; (K.M.M.); (R.N.); (Y.K.); (H.U.D.); (R.M.); (A.M.); (M.P.)
- Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Sydney Institute for Women, Children and their Families, Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
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Abstract
In this issue, Raso et al. (2020. J. Cell Biol.https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202002175) uncover a novel replication fork speed regulatory network controlled by the ubiquitin-like modifier interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), which plays a central role in the innate immune response and regulates tumorigenesis as well as chemotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Meroni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Alessandro Vindigni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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Quinet A, Tirman S, Cybulla E, Meroni A, Vindigni A. To skip or not to skip: choosing repriming to tolerate DNA damage. Mol Cell 2021; 81:649-658. [PMID: 33515486 PMCID: PMC7935405 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Accurate DNA replication is constantly threatened by DNA lesions arising from endogenous and exogenous sources. Specialized DNA replication stress response pathways ensure replication fork progression in the presence of DNA lesions with minimal delay in fork elongation. These pathways broadly include translesion DNA synthesis, template switching, and replication fork repriming. Here, we discuss recent advances toward our understanding of the mechanisms that regulate the fine-tuned balance between these different replication stress response pathways. We also discuss the molecular pathways required to fill single-stranded DNA gaps that accumulate throughout the genome after repriming and the biological consequences of using repriming instead of other DNA damage tolerance pathways on genome integrity and cell fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabel Quinet
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Stephanie Tirman
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Emily Cybulla
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Alice Meroni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alessandro Vindigni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Abstract
DNA replication forks are constantly challenged by DNA lesions induced by endogenous and exogenous sources. DNA damage tolerance mechanisms ensure that DNA replication continues with minimal effects on replication fork elongation either by using specialized DNA polymerases, which have the ability to replicate through the damaged template, or by skipping the damaged DNA, leaving it to be repaired after replication. These mechanisms are evolutionarily conserved in bacteria, yeast, and higher eukaryotes, and are paramount to ensure timely and faithful duplication of the genome. The Primase and DNA-directed Polymerase (PRIMPOL) is a recently discovered enzyme that possesses both primase and polymerase activities. PRIMPOL is emerging as a key player in DNA damage tolerance, particularly in vertebrate and human cells. Here, we review our current understanding of the function of PRIMPOL in DNA damage tolerance by focusing on the structural aspects that define its dual enzymatic activity, as well as on the mechanisms that control its chromatin recruitment and expression levels. We also focus on the latest findings on the mitochondrial and nuclear functions of PRIMPOL and on the impact of loss of these functions on genome stability and cell survival. Defining the function of PRIMPOL in DNA damage tolerance is becoming increasingly important in the context of human disease. In particular, we discuss recent evidence pointing at the PRIMPOL pathway as a novel molecular target to improve cancer cell response to DNA-damaging chemotherapy and as a predictive parameter to stratify patients in personalized cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tirman
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO, 63110, USA
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Emily Cybulla
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO, 63110, USA
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Annabel Quinet
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO, 63110, USA
| | - Alice Meroni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO, 63110, USA
| | - Alessandro Vindigni
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis MO, 63110, USA
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Meroni A, Muirhead RP, Atkinson FS, Fogelholm M, Raben A, Brand-Miller JC. Is a Higher Protein-Lower Glycemic Index Diet More Nutritious Than a Conventional Diet? A PREVIEW Sub-study. Front Nutr 2020; 7:603801. [PMID: 33365325 PMCID: PMC7750310 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.603801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
High protein diets and low glycemic index (GI) diets have been associated with improved diet quality. We compared the changes in nutrient intakes of individuals at high risk of developing type-2 diabetes over 3 y who followed either a higher protein-lower GI diet (HPLG) or a conventional moderate protein-moderate GI diet (MPMG). This post hoc analysis included 161 participants with overweight and pre-diabetes from the Australian cohort of the PREVIEW study (clinical trial registered in https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01777893?term=NCT01777893&draw=2&rank=1) who were randomly assigned to a HPLG diet (25% energy from protein, dietary GI ≤ 50, n = 85) or a MPMG diet (15% energy from protein, dietary GI ≥ 56, n = 76). Food records were collected at 0-mo (baseline) and at 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-mo (dietary intervention period). Linear mixed models were used to compare the differences in total energy, macro- and micronutrients, dietary GI, glycemic load (GL) and body weight between the two diet groups at the 4 dietary intervention time points. At 3 y, 74% participants from the HPLG diet and 74% participants from the MPMG diet completed the trial. The HPLG group showed significantly higher protein intake and lower dietary GI and GL than the MPMG group (group fixed effect P < 0.001 for all three parameters). By 6-, 12-, 24-, and 36-mo there was a 3.0, 2.7, 2.2, and 1.4% point difference in protein intake and 6.2, 4.1, 4.8, and 3.9 GI unit difference between the groups. The intake of energy and saturated fat decreased (mostly in the first 6-mo), while the intake of dietary fiber increased (from mo-0 to mo-12 only) in both diets, with no significant differences between the diets. The dietary intakes of zinc (group fixed effect P = 0.05), selenium (P = 0.01), niacin (P = 0.01), vitamin B12 (P = 0.01) and dietary cholesterol (group by time fixed effect P = 0.001) were higher in the HPLG group than in the MPMG group. Despite both diets being designed to be nutritionally complete, a HPLG diet was found to be more nutritious in relation to some micronutrients, but not cholesterol, than a MPMG diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Meroni
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Roslyn P Muirhead
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fiona S Atkinson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mikael Fogelholm
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jennie C Brand-Miller
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Nasir R, Cai TY, Meroni A, Skilton M. P.32 Non-Invasive Measures of Arteriosclerosis Across Childhood and Adolescence: Insights Into the Natural History of Disease. Artery Res 2020. [DOI: 10.2991/artres.k.201209.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Cai T, Meroni A, Qasem A, Butlin M, Ayer J, Celermajer D, Avolio A, Skilton M. P136 Determinants of Arterial Stiffness in Children Using Population-indexed Anthropometric and Hemodynamic Parameters. Artery Res 2020. [DOI: 10.2991/artres.k.191224.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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15
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Meroni A, Nava GM, Bianco E, Grasso L, Galati E, Bosio MC, Delmastro D, Muzi-Falconi M, Lazzaro F. RNase H activities counteract a toxic effect of Polymerase η in cells replicating with depleted dNTP pools. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:4612-4623. [PMID: 30847483 PMCID: PMC6511917 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA:DNA hybrids are transient physiological intermediates that arise during several cellular processes such as DNA replication. In pathological situations, they may stably accumulate and pose a threat to genome integrity. Cellular RNase H activities process these structures to restore the correct DNA:DNA sequence. Yeast cells lacking RNase H are negatively affected by depletion of deoxyribonucleotide pools necessary for DNA replication. Here we show that the translesion synthesis DNA polymerase η (Pol η) plays a role in DNA replication under low deoxyribonucleotides condition triggered by hydroxyurea. In particular, the catalytic reaction performed by Pol η is detrimental for RNase H deficient cells, causing DNA damage checkpoint activation and G2/M arrest. Moreover, a Pol η mutant allele with enhanced ribonucleotide incorporation further exacerbates the sensitivity to hydroxyurea of cells lacking RNase H activities. Our data are compatible with a model in which Pol η activity facilitates the formation or stabilization of RNA:DNA hybrids at stalled replication forks. However, in a scenario where RNase H activity fails to restore DNA, these hybrids become highly toxic for cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Meroni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Maria Nava
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Eliana Bianco
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Lavinia Grasso
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elena Galati
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Bosio
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daria Delmastro
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Muzi-Falconi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Federico Lazzaro
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Cai T, Meroni A, Qasem A, Butlin M, Ayer J, Celermajer D, Avolio A, Skilton M. General Adult Transfer Functions Underestimate Central Aortic Systolic Pressure in Children and Adolescents when Compared to Age-Appropriate Transfer Functions. Heart Lung Circ 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Meroni A, Jualim N, Fuller N. 'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30295658 DOI: 10.3791/57923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Different methods can be used in research to assess dietary intake, many of which are still paper-based. Written estimated food diaries are often utilized in clinical trials, despite being a burden for both study participants and researchers. This method requires participant literacy, it is time consuming, labor intensive, and can easily lead to under-reporting. With advancements in technology, there is a growing interest in electronic diaries that automate the dietary assessment process. These are focused on improving accuracy, reducing both time and cost and providing users with a visual and more enjoyable experience. The methodology presented here aimed to validate the 'Boden Food Plate', a novel web-based platform for self-recording of food and drink items, compared to a traditional estimated food diary. The application was also rated on a satisfaction scale by study participants using a paper-based questionnaire. Sixty-seven participants completed the dietary measures on both the three-day electronic and paper food diaries. For the analysis, only dietary data completed at both study time points (baseline and week six) was utilized. Despite small mean differences between dietary data collection methods, Bland Altman analysis showed fairly wide 95% limits of agreement between the electronic platform and the written estimated food diary and there were few cases which did not fall within the 95% confidence intervals. Overall, participants found the electronic food diary to be more fun than the paper method and as easy to use as hard copy diaries. The new platform has potential as a self-recording tool for the collection of dietary data, particularly when utilized in clinical trial settings. However, further validation studies are needed to improve the validity of this novel electronic dietary data collection tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Meroni
- The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney
| | - Nyssa Jualim
- The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney
| | - Nicholas Fuller
- The Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney;
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Meroni A, Nava GM, Sertic S, Plevani P, Muzi-Falconi M, Lazzaro F. Measuring the Levels of Ribonucleotides Embedded in Genomic DNA. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1672:319-327. [PMID: 29043633 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7306-4_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ribonucleotides (rNTPs) are incorporated into genomic DNA at a relatively high frequency during replication. They have beneficial effects but, if not removed from the chromosomes, increase genomic instability. Here, we describe a fast method to easily estimate the amounts of embedded ribonucleotides into the genome. The protocol described is performed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and allows us to quantify altered levels of rNMPs due to different mutations in the replicative polymerase ε. However, this protocol can be easily applied to cells derived from any organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Meroni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia M Nava
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Sarah Sertic
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Plevani
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Muzi-Falconi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy.
| | - Federico Lazzaro
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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Abstract
We describe a method to extract quantitative information on DNA structural and configurational properties from high-resolution topographic maps recorded by atomic force microscopy (AFM). DNA molecules are deposited on mica surfaces from an aqueous solution, carefully dehydrated, and imaged in air in Tapping Mode. Upon extraction of the spatial coordinates of the DNA backbones from AFM images, several parameters characterizing DNA structure and configuration can be calculated. Here, we explain how to obtain the distribution of contour lengths, end-to-end distances, and gyration radii. This modular protocol can be also used to characterize other statistical parameters from AFM topographies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Meroni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Federico Lazzaro
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Muzi-Falconi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Podestà
- Dipartimento di Fisica and C.I.Ma.I.Na, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 16, 20133, Milano, Italy.
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Cai T, Meroni A, Dissanayake H, Phang M, Avolio A, Celermajer D, Butlin M, Skilton M, Qasem A. Evaluation of Cuff-Based Pulse-Wave Velocity Measurement Against the Tonometry-Based Reference Standard in a Paediatric Population. Heart Lung Circ 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Mckenzie KM, Dissanayake HU, McMullan R, Caterson ID, Celermajer DS, Gordon A, Hyett J, Meroni A, Phang M, Raynes-Greenow C, Polson JW, Skilton MR. Quantity and Quality of Carbohydrate Intake during Pregnancy, Newborn Body Fatness and Cardiac Autonomic Control: Conferred Cardiovascular Risk? Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9121375. [PMID: 29257088 PMCID: PMC5748825 DOI: 10.3390/nu9121375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The fetal environment has an important influence on health and disease over the life course. Maternal nutritional status during pregnancy is potentially a powerful contributor to the intrauterine environment, and may alter offspring physiology and later life cardio-metabolic risk. Putative early life markers of cardio-metabolic risk include newborn body fatness and cardiac autonomic control. We sought to determine whether maternal dietary carbohydrate quantity and/or quality during pregnancy are associated with newborn body composition and cardiac autonomic function. Maternal diet during pregnancy was assessed in 142 mother-infant pairs using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Infant adiposity and body composition were assessed at birth using air-displacement plethysmography. Cardiac autonomic function was assessed as heart rate variability. The quantity of carbohydrates consumed during pregnancy, as a percentage of total energy intake, was not associated with meaningful differences in offspring birth weight, adiposity or heart rate variability (p > 0.05). There was some evidence that maternal carbohydrate quality, specifically higher fibre and lower glycemic index, is associated with higher heart rate variability in the newborn offspring (p = 0.06). This suggests that poor maternal carbohydrate quality may be an important population-level inter-generational risk factor for later cardiac and hemodynamic risk of their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty M Mckenzie
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
- Sydney Medical School, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Hasthi U Dissanayake
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
- Sydney Medical School, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Rowena McMullan
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
- Sydney Medical School, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Ian D Caterson
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - David S Celermajer
- Sydney Medical School, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Adrienne Gordon
- Sydney Medical School, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Missenden Road, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Jonathan Hyett
- Sydney Medical School, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Alice Meroni
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Melinda Phang
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Camille Raynes-Greenow
- Sydney School of Public Health, Edward Ford Building, Fisher Road, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Jaimie W Polson
- Sydney Medical School, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
- School of Medical Science & Bosch Institute, Anderson Stuart Building (F13), University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Michael R Skilton
- Boden Institute of Obesity, Nutrition, Exercise & Eating Disorders, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
- Sydney Medical School, D17-Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Meroni A, Mentegari E, Crespan E, Muzi-Falconi M, Lazzaro F, Podestà A. The Incorporation of Ribonucleotides Induces Structural and Conformational Changes in DNA. Biophys J 2017; 113:1373-1382. [PMID: 28978432 PMCID: PMC5627062 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleotide incorporation is the most common error occurring during DNA replication. Cells have hence developed mechanisms to remove ribonucleotides from the genome and restore its integrity. Indeed, the persistence of ribonucleotides into DNA leads to severe consequences, such as genome instability and replication stress. Thus, it becomes important to understand the effects of ribonucleotides incorporation, starting from their impact on DNA structure and conformation. Here we present a systematic study of the effects of ribonucleotide incorporation into DNA molecules. We have developed, to our knowledge, a new method to efficiently synthesize long DNA molecules (hundreds of basepairs) containing ribonucleotides, which is based on a modified protocol for the polymerase chain reaction. By means of atomic force microscopy, we could therefore investigate the changes, upon ribonucleotide incorporation, of the structural and conformational properties of numerous DNA populations at the single-molecule level. Specifically, we characterized the scaling of the contour length with the number of basepairs and the scaling of the end-to-end distance with the curvilinear distance, the bending angle distribution, and the persistence length. Our results revealed that ribonucleotides affect DNA structure and conformation on scales that go well beyond the typical dimension of the single ribonucleotide. In particular, the presence of ribonucleotides induces a systematic shortening of the molecules, together with a decrease of the persistence length. Such structural changes are also likely to occur in vivo, where they could directly affect the downstream DNA transactions, as well as interfere with protein binding and recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Meroni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Mentegari
- DNA Enzymology and Molecular Virology, Institute of Molecular Genetics IGM-CNR, Pavia, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Crespan
- DNA Enzymology and Molecular Virology, Institute of Molecular Genetics IGM-CNR, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Muzi-Falconi
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | - Federico Lazzaro
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Podestà
- Dipartimento di Fisica and C.I.Ma.I.Na, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Tassi L, Colombo N, Cossu M, Mai R, Francione S, Lo Russo G, Galli C, Bramerio M, Battaglia G, Garbelli R, Meroni A, Spreafico R. Electroclinical, MRI and neuropathological study of 10 patients with nodular heterotopia, with surgical outcomes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 128:321-37. [PMID: 15618282 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awh357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We present the results of a retrospective study on 10 patients operated on for intractable epilepsy associated with nodular heterotopia as identified by high resolution MRI. Seven patients had unilateral heterotopia, one patient had symmetric bilateral heterotopia and two patients had asymmetric bilateral heterotopia. By stereo-electroencephalogram (SEEG) (nine patients) interictal activity within nodules was similar in all cases, and ictal activity never started from nodules alone but from the overlying cortex or simultaneously in nodules and cortex. Excellent outcomes (Engel class Ia, 1987) were achieved in the seven patients with unilateral heterotopia, showing that surgery can be highly beneficial in such cases when the epileptogenic zone is carefully located prior to surgery by MRI and particularly SEEG. For the bilateral cases surgical outcomes were Engel IIa (one patient) or Engel IIIa (two patients). Histological/immunohistochemical studies of resected specimens showed that all nodules had similar microscopic organization, even though their extent and location varied markedly. The overlying cortex was dysplastic in nine patients, but of normal thickness. We suggest that nodule formation may be the result of a dual mechanism: (i) failure of a stop signal in the germinal periventricular region leading to cell overproduction; and (ii) early transformation of radial glial cells into astrocytes resulting in defective neuronal migration. The intrinsic interictal epileptiform activity of nodules may be due to an impaired intranodular GABAergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tassi
- Epilepsy Surgery Centre C. Munari, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Vitellaro-Zuccarello L, Meroni A, Amadeo A, De Biasi S. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in the rat thalamus: expression during postnatal development and correlation with calcium-binding proteins in adults. Cell Tissue Res 2001; 306:15-26. [PMID: 11683176 DOI: 10.1007/s004410100425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Postnatal expression of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans was studied in the rat thalamus by immunocytochemistry and Western immunoblotting techniques with monoclonal antibodies that recognize carbohydrate epitopes (clones CS-56, 1-B-5, 2-B-6). The complex of the results shows that these antibodies recognize mostly nonoverlapping molecules whose expression is regulated during postnatal development. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, recognized by antibody CS-56, and hyaluronan, identified by antibody 1-B-5 after hyaluronidase digestion, are abundant in the neuropil of most thalamic nuclei at the perinatal stage and progressively decrease during the second week of life, attaining levels barely detectable by immunocytochemistry at the end of the third week. In adult thalamus, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans of high molecular mass, bearing glycosaminoglycans unsulfated in the linking region, and recognized by antibody 1-B-5 are confined to perineuronal nets around neurons chiefly localized in thalamic reticular nucleus. The immunoreactvity for antibody 2-B-6, specific for chondroitin-4-sulfate, is low at the perinatal stage and is not detectable in adult thalamus. Double-immunolabeling has shown that, along the rostrocaudal extension of reticular nucleus, the most developed perineuronal nets are associated with a subset of neurons expressing calretinin, and not with parvalbumin-positive neurons, which represent the largest neuronal population of the nucleus. The distribution of perineuronal nets supports the presence, in thalamic reticular nucleus, of neuronal subpopulations with different morphological and physiological features.
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Massera F, Rocco G, Rossi G, Robustellini M, Pona CD, Meroni A, Rizzi A. Pulmonary resection for lung cancer in HIV-positive patients with low (<200 lymphocytes/mm(3)) CD4(+) count. Lung Cancer 2000; 29:147-9. [PMID: 10963845 DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(00)00129-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The clinical improvement obtained with combination treatment has modified the therapeutic approach of lung cancer in HIV-positive patients. Aggressive surgical treatment has become a viable option for those patients in whom the CD4(+) cell count was greater than 200 lymphocytes/mm(3). We recently extended our surgical indications to include two HIV-positive patients with lung cancer (stage IIIA and IIB) and low (<200 lymphocytes/mm(3)) CD4(+) count. Both patients underwent a lobectomy and mediastinal nodal dissection. The postoperative course was uneventful. No evidence of recurrent cancer was seen at 12 and 20 months after the operation. Based on this limited experience, we conclude that a low CD4(+) count should not represent, per se, an exclusion criterion for the surgical treatment of pleuropulmonary conditions in HIV-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Massera
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, 'E. Morelli' Regional Hospital, Sondalo, Italy.
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Rocco G, Rendina EA, Meroni A, Venuta F, Della Pona C, De Giacomo T, Robustellini M, Rossi G, Massera F, Vertemati G, Rizzi A, Coloni GF. Prognostic factors after surgical treatment of lung cancer invading the diaphragm. Ann Thorac Surg 1999; 68:2065-8. [PMID: 10616978 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4975(99)01121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diaphragmatic invasion from lung cancer (T3-diaphragm) is a rare occurrence reported to portend a poor prognosis. METHODS Fifteen patients with T3-diaphragm (14 males, 1 female; median age, 64 years) were surgically treated over a twenty-year period by en bloc resection (14 patients). One patient was only explored. Pathologic stage IIB (T3N0) was found in 11 patients. A partial infiltration of the diaphragm was observed in 3 patients, whereas full-depth invasion was found in 12. Diaphragmatic reconstruction was done primarily in 9 patients, and, by prosthetic material in 5. RESULTS Two patients are still alive without evidence of disease at 88, and, 114 months from surgery. Overall median survival was 23 months (range, 3 to 168). The actuarial 5-year survival was 20%, when all patients were considered, and, 27%, for T3N0 patients. Univariate analysis showed that prosthetic replacement of the muscle (p = 0.018) was significantly related to survival. CONCLUSIONS T3-diaphragm is best treated with en bloc resections with wide tumor-free margins and prosthetic replacement of the diaphragm.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rocco
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera E. Morelli, Sondalo, (Sondrio), Italy.
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Colella G, Bottelli R, De Carlis L, Sansalone CV, Rondinara GF, Alberti A, Belli LS, Gelosa F, Iamoni GM, Rampoldi A, De Gasperi A, Corti A, Mazza E, Aseni P, Meroni A, Slim AO, Finzi M, Di Benedetto F, Manochehri F, Follini ML, Ideo G, Forti D. Hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison between liver transplantation, resective surgery, ethanol injection, and chemoembolization. Transpl Int 1998. [PMID: 9664977 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.1998.tb01113.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Between January 1989 and June 1997, 533 patients (423 male, 110 female, mean age 61 years, range 22-89 years) with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were observed at our center. We report on 419 patients retrospectively compared for different treatments: liver transplantation (LT; 55 patients), resective surgery (RS; 41 patients), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE; 171 patients) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI; 152 patients). The 3- and 5-year actuarial survival rates were, respectively, 72% and 68% for LT, 64 and 44% for RS, 54 and 36% for PEI, and 32 and 22% for TACE. Survival curves were compared for sex, age, tumor characteristics, alphafetoprotein level, Child class, and etiology of cirrhosis. All patient-related characteristics examined (sex, age) are not significantly related to patient survival. Tumor-related variables and associated liver disease variables significantly conditioned survival in relation to different treatments. LT seems to be the treatment of choice for monofocal HCC less then 5 cm in diameter and in selected cases of plurifocal HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Colella
- Department of Surgery and Abdominal Organ Transplantation, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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29
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Colella G, Bottelli R, De Carlis L, Sansalone CV, Rondinara GF, Alberti A, Belli LS, Gelosa F, Iamoni GM, Rampoldi A, De Gasperi A, Corti A, Mazza E, Aseni P, Meroni A, Slim AO, Finzi M, Di Benedetto F, Manochehri F, Follini ML, Ideo G, Forti D. Hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison between liver transplantation, resective surgery, ethanol injection, and chemoembolization. Transpl Int 1998; 11 Suppl 1:S193-6. [PMID: 9664977 DOI: 10.1007/s001470050459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Between January 1989 and June 1997, 533 patients (423 male, 110 female, mean age 61 years, range 22-89 years) with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were observed at our center. We report on 419 patients retrospectively compared for different treatments: liver transplantation (LT; 55 patients), resective surgery (RS; 41 patients), transarterial chemoembolization (TACE; 171 patients) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI; 152 patients). The 3- and 5-year actuarial survival rates were, respectively, 72% and 68% for LT, 64 and 44% for RS, 54 and 36% for PEI, and 32 and 22% for TACE. Survival curves were compared for sex, age, tumor characteristics, alphafetoprotein level, Child class, and etiology of cirrhosis. All patient-related characteristics examined (sex, age) are not significantly related to patient survival. Tumor-related variables and associated liver disease variables significantly conditioned survival in relation to different treatments. LT seems to be the treatment of choice for monofocal HCC less then 5 cm in diameter and in selected cases of plurifocal HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Colella
- Department of Surgery and Abdominal Organ Transplantation, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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30
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Sansalone CV, Aseni P, Follini ML, Rossetti O, Slim AO, Colella G, Di Benedetto F, Rombolà G, Rondinara GF, De Carlis L, Brunati C, Meroni A, Confalonieri R, Civati G, Forti D. Early pancreas retransplantation for vascular thrombosis in simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplants. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:253-4. [PMID: 9532019 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(97)01248-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C V Sansalone
- Department of General Surgery and Abdominal Organ Transplantation, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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31
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Sansalone CV, Aseni P, Follini ML, Slim AO, Rossetti O, Colella G, Di Benedetto F, Rondinara GF, De Carlis L, Brunati C, Meroni A, Rombolà G, Civati G, Forti D. Enteric versus bladder drainage in pancreas transplantation: initial experience at Niguarda Hospital, Milan. Transplant Proc 1998; 30:251-2. [PMID: 9532018 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(97)01247-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C V Sansalone
- Department of General Surgery and Abdominal Organ Transplantation, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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32
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De Carlis L, Zurleni F, Ballabio A, Pirotta V, Rondinara G, Sansalone CV, Colella G, Slim AO, Meroni A, Belli L, Forti D. Left thoracic approach for cancer of cardia: early and late results. Int Surg 1997; 82:137-40. [PMID: 9331840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The surgical treatment of cancer of the cardia is controversial and results are often disappointing. Concern exists not only with regards to the surgical approach but also to the extent of the resection. The authors analyze their experience over a 20-year period adopting almost exclusively a "limited" esophagogastrectomy with a wide regional lymphadenectomy through a left thoracotomy. The aim of the study is to determine if this approach actually plays a role in the treatment of this tumor. METHODS 148 patients were evaluated for cardial cancer. Of these 22 (14.8%) were not resectable and 6 (4%) received other types of resections for technical reasons. 120 patients are the basis of the present analysis. More than 75% of patients were in stage III or IV. Follow-up was completed in 92.5% of cases; all surviving patients had at least 5 years of follow-up. RESULTS Four (3.3%) patients died in the postoperative period. In 6 cases (5%) an anastomotic leakage occurred and this caused the death of 2 patients. Nine (7.5%) patients had severe pulmonary complications. Dysphagia was relieved in all non complicated patients. 13 (10.8%) patients had anastomotic recurrence. Overall survival rate after 5 years was 25.62 +/- 6.1%. A significant difference in survival was noted in patients at stages II and III after 5 years (61.3% vs 18.6, p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS This operation has proved to be a good option providing satisfying long-term results and a lower incidence of complications if compared with more extended procedures. It can be performed in the majority of patients with carcinoma of the cardia with a low mortality and morbidity and with excellent palliation of dysphagia. In our opinion it remains an optimum treatment for cardial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L De Carlis
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, Pizzamiglio II, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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De Biasi S, Amadeo A, Arcelli P, Frassoni C, Meroni A, Spreafico R. Ultrastructural characterization of the postnatal development of the thalamic ventrobasal and reticular nuclei in the rat. Anat Embryol (Berl) 1996; 193:341-53. [PMID: 8694270 DOI: 10.1007/bf00186691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Electron microscopy has been employed to analyze the normal maturational sequence that characterizes the postnatal development of synaptic circuits in the ventrobasal (VB) and reticular (Rt) thalamic nuclei of rats at different ages (from birth to the end of the third postnatal week). Throughout the first postnatal week, similar signs of immaturity are observed in both nuclei, mainly consisting in scarcity of cytoplasmic organelles, presence of wide extracellular spaces, and absence of myelinated fibers. Several synaptic terminals are however present from birth, thus indicating that some of the afferents have already reached and contacted their thalamic target during embryonic life. Most of the terminals are small and contain only a few round, clear vesicles, and therefore their cytological features do not allow the identification of their origin. In particular, in both nuclei, terminals with flat vesicles and symmetric specialization are only rarely observed, and in VB the ascending terminals are not distinguishable from terminals of other sources as they are in adults. During the second postnatal week, progressive maturational changes in VB and Rt lead to neurons having well-developed cytoplasmic organelles and to an elaborate neuropil containing myelinated fibers and synaptic terminals that are morphologically heterogeneous and resemble the adult ones. The permanence of growth cone-like profiles and of numerous somatic and dendritic protrusions, often contacted by synaptic terminals, indicates that a certain degree of reorganization is still taking place in both nuclei. By the end of the third postnatal week the synaptic organization of VB and Rt is indistinguishable from that observed in adults. This ultrastructural study shows that the appearance of the neuropil of VB and Rt and the morphological complexity of the synaptic arrangements characteristic of the adult rat are not present in neonates, but are gradually acquired during the first three postnatal weeks, and that they result from progressive modifications in circuit organization involving both pre- and postsynaptic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- S De Biasi
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica Generali, Università di Milano, Italy
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35
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Sansalone CV, De Carlis L, Rondinara GF, Colella G, Rossetti O, Slim AO, Aseri P, Pirotta V, Meroni A, Ballabio A. Right hepatic artery replacement from superior mesenteric artery in combined liver-whole pancreas procurement. Technical problems and liver graft artery reconstruction. Transplant Proc 1994; 26:3537-9. [PMID: 7998266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C V Sansalone
- Department of Surgery, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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36
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Sansalone CV, Colella G, Rondinara GF, Rossetti O, De Carlis L, Belli LS, Meroni A, Della Volpe A, Trojsi C, Belli L. Iliac artery graft interposition in liver transplantation: our experience in 72 cases. Transplant Proc 1994; 26:3535-6. [PMID: 7998264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C V Sansalone
- Department of Surgery, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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37
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Rimoldi P, Belli LS, Rondinara GF, Alberti A, DeCarlis L, Minola E, Pirotta V, Meroni A, Romani F, Sansalone V. Recurrent HBV/HDV infections under different immunoprophylaxis protocols. Transplant Proc 1993; 25:2675-6. [PMID: 8356717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Rimoldi
- Liver Transplantation Unit, Niguarda Ca'Granda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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38
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De Carlis L, Sansalone CV, Rondinara GF, Belli LS, Rimoldi P, Romani F, Puttini M, Meroni A, Riolo F, Rossetti O. Splenic artery steal syndrome after orthotopic liver transplantation: diagnosis and treatment. Transplant Proc 1993; 25:2594-6. [PMID: 8356684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L De Carlis
- Department of Surgery, Pizzamiglio 2, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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39
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Belli L, De Carlis L, Del Favero E, Rondinara G, Meroni A, Zani B, Rimoldi P, Cazzulani A, Brambilla G, Beati C. Biliary complications in orthotopic liver transplantation: experience with a modified technique of duct-to-duct reconstruction. Transpl Int 1991; 4:161-5. [PMID: 1958281 DOI: 10.1007/bf00335338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Biliary complications are described as frequent causes of morbidity during the postoperative course of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx), even in recent papers. The authors report here on their experience with duct-to-duct anastomosis as their method of choice for biliary reconstruction in a consecutive series of 100 OLTx in adult patients. The original technique, as described by Starzl, was modified by the authors by performing a wide, longitudinal plasty of both the donor and recipient bile ducts, joined together with two polidioxanone running sutures, producing the effect of a side-to-side anastomosis. This technique was used in all procedures, even when a significant discrepancy was evident between the ducts (n = 10). Follow-up was completed in 100% of the patients for a period of 2-40 months (mean 13.1 months). Four major complications (4%) occurred including hepatic abscesses due to ascending cholangitis, T-tube dislocation, partial occlusion by a branch of the T-tube at the anastomotic site, and disruption of the bile duct after T-tube removal. In four other patients, transient abdominal pain followed removal of the stent. Neither strictures nor fistulas were observed. Choledochocholedochostomy on a T-tube stent represents, in our experience, the technique of choice for biliary reconstruction in OLTx. The procedure, as described in the present study, proved to be safe in preventing strictures and leakages and appears to be feasible in nearly 100% of all adult patients undergoing OLTx.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Belli
- Department of Surgery, Ospedale Niguarda, Milan, Italy
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40
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Belli L, De Carlis L, Belli LS, Del Favero E, Puttini M, Aseni P, Rondinaria GF, Meroni A, Beati C. Thromboendarterectomy (TEA) in the recipient as a major risk of arterial complication after kidney transplantation. INT ANGIOL 1989; 8:206-9. [PMID: 2634717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The authors analyze a series of 383 kidney transplantation pointing out the role of recipient's vessels atherosclerosis in the determination of vascular complication of the kidney graft. Three groups were considered. The first included 55 patients which required TEA for severe atherosclerotic lesion of the anastomosed vessels. The second group included 305 patients who didn't required TEA; the third group was of 20 patients who received a graft with multiple arteries which required more than one anastomosis. A significative higher rate of arterial complications was evident in the first group (p less than 0.001). Within this group the end to end arterial anastomosis was more frequently associated to thrombosis or stenosis than the end to side one (p less than 0.05). Kidney with multiple vessels also presented with an higher rate of complications (p less than 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Belli
- Department of Surgery, Ospedale Niguarda-Ca Granda, Milan, Italy
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42
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Belli LS, De Carlis L, Romani F, Rondinara GF, Tommasini Degna C, Brando B, Del Favero E, Palmieri B, Meroni A, Frangi M. Kidney and liver initial graft function under different procurement techniques. Transplant Proc 1989; 21:1209-10. [PMID: 2652399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L S Belli
- Department of Surgery, Pizzamiglio II, Niguarda-Cá Granda Hospital, Milano, Italy
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44
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Belli LS, De Carlis L, Del Favero E, Civati G, Brando B, Romani F, Aseni P, Rondinara GF, Palmieri B, Meroni A. The role of donor and recipient factors in initial renal graft non-function. Transplant Proc 1988; 20:861-4. [PMID: 3055518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
ATN is a deleterious problem in the outcome of kidney transplantation. This complication is usually related to multiple factors including donor parameters, surgical technique, ischemic time, and recipient variables. In order to develop prophylactic measures, out of 430 kidney transplants performed in our Department, a series of 90 consecutive cadaveric renal allografts has been considered in this study. The overall incidence of IGNF was 23/90 (25.5%). Kidneys from MOD revealed a lower rate of IGNF (7/35 = 20%) when compared with organs from SOD (16/55 = 29%, P = NS). No difference was noted when kidneys were removed together with heart and/or liver and/or pancreas. Out of the donor factors, only CID was significant (17 +/- 9 hours in IGNF v 11 +/- 10 hours in patients with IGF, P = less than .05). Analysis of data concerning the fate of paired kidneys revealed two cases of IGNF in both kidneys from the same donor v 14 cases of IGNF in only one of the two paired grafts (P = NS). We conclude that: 1. Donor factors are clearly associated with a minority of IGNF. 2. The introduction of multiorgan procurement programs does not complicate early function. 3. Recipient factors (immunological events and intraoperative fluid management) provides important additive effects on initial graft nonfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Belli
- Department of Surgery, Niguarda CaGranda Hospital, Milan, Italy
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45
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Meroni A, Pimpinelli A, Reatto L. A statistical model for mixed non-ionic-ionic amphiphile solutions with a vanishing miscibility loop and anomalous small-angle scattering. Chem Phys Lett 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(87)87231-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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47
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Marni A, Bertini M, Ferrero ME, Belvisi AM, Meroni A, Rondinara GF, Vazzola A, Rossetti O, Riolo F. [Physiopathology of pancreas transplantation with reference to endocrine function and rejection]. MINERVA CHIR 1987; 42:1-10. [PMID: 3104835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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48
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Aseni P, Beati CA, Vertemati M, Meroni A, Belli L. Liver arterialization prevents thrombocytopenia after portacaval shunt in rats. Eur Surg Res 1987; 19:159-63. [PMID: 3609078 DOI: 10.1159/000128695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A low platelet count is a common finding in liver cirrhosis. Clinical practice has shown that a variable number of cirrhotic patients in whom portasystemic shunting procedures have been performed does not recover from thrombocytopenia: this observation questions the role that portal hypertension may have in maintaining the low platelet count. We have previously described the appearance of thrombocytopenia in rats submitted to portacaval shunt 1 month after the operation. In the present study we have investigated a supposed protective influence of a good liver function in maintaining a normal thrombocytopenia: 56 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: group A (15 rats) sham-operated; group B (16 rats) submitted to portacaval shunt (PCS); group C (17 rats) submitted to PCS plus arterialization of the portal stump by the right renal artery, and group D (8 rats) submitted to PCS plus right nephrectomy. Group B (PCS) and D (PCS plus right nephrectomy) showed a marked thrombocytopenia, whereas group A (sham-operated) and C (PCS plus liver arterialization) evidenced a normal platelet count. These results strongly support the hypothesis that a low platelet count can ensue during a chronic liver disease in the absence of portal hypertension and that restoration of the hepatic blood flow can prevent thrombocytopenia.
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Meroni A, Okely F, Lubrano V, Bellodi M, Orlandi C, Cirillo R. [Occupational accidents during urban refuse collection. Experiences during territorial apprenticeship of a group of nursing students]. Riv Inferm 1986; 5:237-41. [PMID: 3110915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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50
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Buttau R, Fanari F, Fronteddu G, Meroni A, Pecora C, Pierazzi D. [Occupational accidents in the hospital. Study at the Fatebenefratelli and Ophthalmic Hospital in Milan]. Riv Inferm 1985; 4:195-201. [PMID: 3938870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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