1
|
McMahon S, Sahasrabhojane P, Kim J, Franklin S, Chang CC, Jenq RR, Hillhouse AE, Shelburne SA, Galloway-Peña J. Contribution of the Oral and Gastrointestinal Microbiomes to Bloodstream Infections in Leukemia Patients. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0041523. [PMID: 37022173 PMCID: PMC10269818 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00415-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bloodstream infections (BSIs) pose a significant mortality risk for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. It has been previously reported that intestinal domination (>30% relative abundance [RA] attributed to a single taxon) with the infecting taxa often precedes BSI in stem cell transplant patients. Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, we analyzed oral and stool samples from 63 AML patients with BSIs to determine the correlation between the infectious agent and microbiome composition. Whole-genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibilities were performed on all BSI isolates. Species-level detection of the infectious agent and presence of antibiotic resistance determinants in the stool (blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-14, cfrA, and vanA) were confirmed via digital droplet PCR (ddPCR). Individuals with Escherichia coli (stool P < 0.001), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (oral P = 0.004, stool P < 0.001), and viridans group streptococci (VGS) (oral P = 0.001) bacteremia had a significantly higher relative abundance of those respective genera than other BSI patients, which appeared to be site specific. Although 78% of patients showed presence of the infectious genera in the stool and/or saliva, only 7 exhibited microbiome domination. ddPCR confirmed species specificity of the 16S data and detected the antibiotic resistance determinants found in the BSI isolates within concurrent stools. Although gastrointestinal (GI) domination by an infecting organism was not present at the time of most BSIs in AML, the pathogens, along with AMR elements, were detectable in the majority of patients. Thus, rapid genetic assessment of oral and stool samples for the presence of potential pathogens and AMR determinants might inform personalized therapeutic approaches in immunocompromised patients with suspected infection. IMPORTANCE A major cause of mortality in hematologic malignancy patients is BSI. Previous studies have demonstrated that bacterial translocation from the GI microbiome is a major source of BSIs and is often preceded by increased levels of the infectious taxa in the GI (>30% abundance by 16S rRNA sequencing). In this study, we sought to better understand how domination and abundance levels of the oral and gut microbiome relate to bacteremia occurrence in acute myeloid leukemia patients. We conclude that analyses of both oral and stool samples can help identify BSI and antimicrobial resistance determinants, thus potentially improving the timing and tailoring of antibiotic treatment strategies for high-risk patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie McMahon
- Interdisciplinary Genetics Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Pranoti Sahasrabhojane
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jiwoong Kim
- Department of Bioinformatics and Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Samantha Franklin
- Interdisciplinary Genetics Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Chia-Chi Chang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert R. Jenq
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew E. Hillhouse
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences & Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Samuel A. Shelburne
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jessica Galloway-Peña
- Interdisciplinary Genetics Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Department of Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chung DD, Mahnke AH, Pinson MR, Salem NA, Lai MS, Collins NP, Hillhouse AE, Miranda RC. Sex differences in the transcriptome of extracellular vesicles secreted by fetal neural stem cells and effects of chronic alcohol exposure. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:19. [PMID: 37060018 PMCID: PMC10105449 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00503-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal alcohol (ethanol) exposure (PAE) results in brain growth restriction, in part, by reprogramming self-renewal and maturation of fetal neural stem cells (NSCs) during neurogenesis. We recently showed that ethanol resulted in enrichment of both proteins and pro-maturation microRNAs in sub-200-nm-sized extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by fetal NSCs. Moreover, EVs secreted by ethanol-exposed NSCs exhibited diminished efficacy in controlling NSC metabolism and maturation. Here we tested the hypothesis that ethanol may also influence the packaging of RNAs into EVs from cell-of-origin NSCs. METHODS Sex-specified fetal murine iso-cortical neuroepithelia from three separate pregnancies were maintained ex vivo, as neurosphere cultures to model the early neurogenic niche. EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation from NSCs exposed to a dose range of ethanol. RNA from paired EV and cell-of-origin NSC samples was processed for ribosomal RNA-depleted RNA sequencing. Differential expression analysis and exploratory weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified candidate genes and gene networks that were drivers of alterations to the transcriptome of EVs relative to cells. RESULTS The RNA content of EVs differed significantly from cell-of-origin NSCs. Biological sex contributed to unique transcriptome variance in EV samples, where > 75% of the most variant transcripts were also sex-variant in EVs but not in cell-of-origin NSCs. WGCNA analysis also identified sex-dependent enrichment of pathways, including dopamine receptor binding and ectoderm formation in female EVs and cell-substrate adhesion in male EVs, with the top significant DEGs from differential analysis of overall individual gene expressions, i.e., Arhgap15, enriched in female EVs, and Cenpa, enriched in male EVs, also serving as WCGNA hub genes of sex-biased EV WGCNA clusters. In addition to the baseline RNA content differences, ethanol exposure resulted in a significant dose-dependent change in transcript expression in both EVs and cell-of-origin NSCs that predominantly altered sex-invariant RNAs. Moreover, at the highest dose, ~ 73% of significantly altered RNAs were enriched in EVs, but depleted in NSCs. CONCLUSIONS The EV transcriptome is distinctly different from, and more sex-variant than, the transcriptome of cell-of-origin NSCs. Ethanol, a common teratogen, results in dose-dependent sorting of RNA transcripts from NSCs to EVs which may reprogram the EV-mediated endocrine environment during neurogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dae D Chung
- School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Research and Education, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Building 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX, 77807-3260, USA
| | - Amanda H Mahnke
- School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Research and Education, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Building 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX, 77807-3260, USA
- Women's Health in Neuroscience, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Marisa R Pinson
- School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Research and Education, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Building 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX, 77807-3260, USA
| | - Nihal A Salem
- School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Research and Education, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Building 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX, 77807-3260, USA
| | - Michael S Lai
- School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Research and Education, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Building 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX, 77807-3260, USA
| | - Natalie P Collins
- School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Research and Education, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Building 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX, 77807-3260, USA
| | - Andrew E Hillhouse
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Rajesh C Miranda
- School of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical Research and Education, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Building 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX, 77807-3260, USA.
- Women's Health in Neuroscience, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gaber AM, Mandric I, Nitirahardjo C, Piontkivska H, Hillhouse AE, Threadgill DW, Zelikovsky A, Rogovskyy AS. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Peromyscus leucopus and C3H mice infected with the Lyme disease pathogen. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1115350. [PMID: 37113133 PMCID: PMC10126474 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1115350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lyme disease (LD), the most prevalent tick-borne disease of humans in the Northern Hemisphere, is caused by the spirochetal bacterium of Borreliella burgdorferi (Bb) sensu lato complex. In nature, Bb spirochetes are continuously transmitted between Ixodes ticks and mammalian or avian reservoir hosts. Peromyscus leucopus mice are considered the primary mammalian reservoir of Bb in the United States. Earlier studies demonstrated that experimentally infected P. leucopus mice do not develop disease. In contrast, C3H mice, a widely used laboratory strain of Mus musculus in the LD field, develop severe Lyme arthritis. To date, the exact tolerance mechanism of P. leucopus mice to Bb-induced infection remains unknown. To address this knowledge gap, the present study has compared spleen transcriptomes of P. leucopus and C3H/HeJ mice infected with Bb strain 297 with those of their respective uninfected controls. Overall, the data showed that the spleen transcriptome of Bb-infected P. leucopus mice was much more quiescent compared to that of the infected C3H mice. To date, the current investigation is one of the few that have examined the transcriptome response of natural reservoir hosts to Borreliella infection. Although the experimental design of this study significantly differed from those of two previous investigations, the collective results of the current and published studies have consistently demonstrated very limited transcriptomic responses of different reservoir hosts to the persistent infection of LD pathogens. Importance The bacterium Borreliella burgdorferi (Bb) causes Lyme disease, which is one of the emerging and highly debilitating human diseases in countries of the Northern Hemisphere. In nature, Bb spirochetes are maintained between hard ticks of Ixodes spp. and mammals or birds. In the United States, the white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus, is one of the main Bb reservoirs. In contrast to humans and laboratory mice (e.g., C3H mice), white-footed mice rarely develop clinical signs (disease) despite being (persistently) infected with Bb. How the white-footed mouse tolerates Bb infection is the question that the present study has attempted to address. Comparisons of genetic responses between Bb-infected and uninfected mice demonstrated that, during a long-term Bb infection, C3H mice reacted much stronger, whereas P. leucopus mice were relatively unresponsive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alhussien M. Gaber
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Igor Mandric
- Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Caroline Nitirahardjo
- Department of Biological Sciences, and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Helen Piontkivska
- Department of Biological Sciences, and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
- Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Andrew E. Hillhouse
- Texas A&M Institute for Genomics Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - David W. Threadgill
- Texas A&M Institute for Genomics Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Alex Zelikovsky
- Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Artem S. Rogovskyy
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kalbfleisch TS, Hussien AbouEl Ela NA, Li K, Brashear WA, Kochan KJ, Hillhouse AE, Zhu Y, Dhande IS, Kline EJ, Hudson EA, Murphy TD, Thibaud-Nissen F, Smith ML, Doris PA. The Assembled Genome of the Stroke-Prone Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat. Hypertension 2023; 80:138-146. [PMID: 36330812 PMCID: PMC9814308 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.20140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report the creation and evaluation of a de novo assembly of the genome of the spontaneously hypertensive rat, the most widely used model of human cardiovascular disease. METHODS The genome is assembled from long read sequencing (PacBio HiFi and continuous long read data [CLR]) and scaffolded with long-range structural information obtained from Bionano optical maps and proximity ligation sequencing proximity analysis of the genome. The genome assembly was polished with Illumina short reads. Completeness of the assembly was investigated using Benchmarking Universal Single Copy Orthologs analysis. The genome assembly was also evaluated with the rat reference gene set, using NCBI automated protocols. We also generated orthogonal single molecule transcript sequence reads (Iso-Seq) from 8 tissues and used them to validate the coding assembly, to annotate the assembly with RNA transcripts representing unique full length transcript isoforms for each gene and to determine whether divergences between RefSeq sequences and the assembly were attributable to assembly errors or polymorphisms. RESULTS The assembly analysis indicates that this assembly is comparable in contiguity and completeness to the current rat reference assembly, while the use of HiFi sequencing yields an assembly that is more correct at the single base level. Synteny analysis was performed to uncover the extent of synteny and the presence and distribution of chromosomal rearrangements between the reference and this assembly. CONCLUSION The resulting genome assembly is reference quality and captures significant structural variation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodore S Kalbfleisch
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (T.S.K., N.A.H., K.L.)
| | - Nahla A Hussien AbouEl Ela
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (T.S.K., N.A.H., K.L.)
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY (T.S.K., N.A.H., K.L.)
| | - Wesley A Brashear
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (W.A.B., K.J.K., A.E.H.)
| | - Kelli J Kochan
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (W.A.B., K.J.K., A.E.H.)
| | - Andrew E Hillhouse
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX (W.A.B., K.J.K., A.E.H.)
| | - Yaming Zhu
- Center for Human Genetics, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas McGovern School of Medicine, Houston, TX (Y.Z., I.S.D., P.A.D.)
| | - Isha S Dhande
- Center for Human Genetics, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas McGovern School of Medicine, Houston, TX (Y.Z., I.S.D., P.A.D.)
| | - Eric J Kline
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (E.J.K., E.A.H, M.L.S.)
| | - Elizabeth A Hudson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (E.J.K., E.A.H, M.L.S.)
| | - Terence D Murphy
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (T.D.M., F.T.-N.)
| | - Françoise Thibaud-Nissen
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (T.D.M., F.T.-N.)
| | - Melissa L Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY (E.J.K., E.A.H, M.L.S.)
| | - Peter A Doris
- Center for Human Genetics, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas McGovern School of Medicine, Houston, TX (Y.Z., I.S.D., P.A.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Samtani G, Kim S, Michaud D, Hillhouse AE, Szule JA, Konganti K, Li J. Brain region dependent molecular signatures and myelin repair following chronic demyelination. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1169786. [PMID: 37180951 PMCID: PMC10171432 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1169786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, characterized by myelin destruction, axonal degeneration, and progressive loss of neurological functions. Remyelination is considered an axonal protection strategy and may enable functional recovery, but the mechanisms of myelin repair, especially after chronic demyelination, remain poorly understood. Here, we used the cuprizone demyelination mouse model to investigate spatiotemporal characteristics of acute and chronic de- and remyelination and motor functional recovery following chronic demyelination. Extensive remyelination occurred after both the acute and chronic insults, but with less robust glial responses and slower myelin recovery in the chronic phase. Axonal damage was found at the ultrastructural level in the chronically demyelinated corpus callosum and in remyelinated axons in the somatosensory cortex. Unexpectedly, we observed the development of functional motor deficits after chronic remyelination. RNA sequencing of isolated brain regions revealed significantly altered transcripts across the corpus callosum, cortex and hippocampus. Pathway analysis identified selective upregulation of extracellular matrix/collagen pathways and synaptic signaling in the chronically de/remyelinating white matter. Our study demonstrates regional differences of intrinsic reparative mechanisms after a chronic demyelinating insult and suggests a potential link between long-term motor function alterations and continued axonal damage during chronic remyelination. Moreover, the transcriptome dataset of three brain regions and over an extended de/remyelination period provides a valuable platform for a better understanding of the mechanisms of myelin repair as well as the identification of potential targets for effective remyelination and neuroprotection for progressive MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace Samtani
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Sunja Kim
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Danielle Michaud
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Andrew E. Hillhouse
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Joseph A. Szule
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Kranti Konganti
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Jianrong Li
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Jianrong Li,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Case EDR, Mahapatra S, Hoffpauir CT, Konganti K, Hillhouse AE, Samuel JE, Van Schaik EJ. Primary Murine Macrophages as a Tool for Virulence Factor Discovery in Coxiella burnetii. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0248421. [PMID: 35913176 PMCID: PMC9430109 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02484-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii requires a type IVB secretion system (T4SS) to promote intracellular replication and virulence. We hypothesized that Coxiella employs its T4SS to secrete effectors that enable stealthy colonization of immune cells. To address this, we used RNA sequencing to compare the transcriptional response of murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) infected with those of wild-type Coxiella and a T4SS-null mutant at 8 and 24 h postinfection. We found a T4SS-independent upregulation of proinflammatory transcripts which was consistent with a proinflammatory polarization phenotype. Despite this, infected BMDM failed to completely polarize, as evidenced by modest surface expression of CD38 and CD11c, nitrate production, and reduced proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion compared to positive controls. As these BMDM permitted replication of C. burnetii, we employed them to identify T4SS effectors that are essential in the specific cellular context of a primary macrophage. We found five Himar1 transposon mutants in T4SS effectors that had a replication defect in BMDM but not J774A.1 cells. The mutants were also attenuated in a SCID mouse model of infection. Among these candidate virulence factors, we found that CBU1639 contributed to the inhibition of macrophage proinflammatory responses to Coxiella infection. These data demonstrate that while T4SS is dispensable for the stealthy invasion of primary macrophages, Coxiella has evolved multiple T4SS effectors that specifically target macrophage function to proliferate within that specific cellular context. IMPORTANCE Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever, preferentially infects macrophages of the respiratory tract when causing human disease. This work describes how primary macrophages respond to C. burnetii at the earliest stages of infection, before bacterial replication. We found that while infected macrophages increase expression of proinflammatory genes after bacterial entry, they fail to activate the accompanying antibacterial functions that might ultimately control the infection. This disconnect between initial response and downstream function was not mediated by the bacterium's type IVB secretion system, suggesting that Coxiella has other virulence factors that dampen host responses early in the infection process. Nevertheless, we were able to identify several type IVB secreted effectors that were specifically required for survival in macrophages and mice. This work is the first to identify type IVB secretion effectors that are specifically required for infection and replication within primary macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Saugata Mahapatra
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA
| | - Caitlyn T. Hoffpauir
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA
| | - Kranti Konganti
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew E. Hillhouse
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - James E. Samuel
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA
| | - Erin J. Van Schaik
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Orzabal MR, Naik VD, Lee J, Hillhouse AE, Brashear WA, Threadgill DW, Ramadoss J. Impact of E-cig aerosol vaping on fetal and neonatal respiratory development and function. Transl Res 2022; 246:102-114. [PMID: 35351623 PMCID: PMC9197928 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Electronic cigarette (e-cig) use has increased over the past decade, and exposure to e-cig aerosols during pregnancy raises concern for maternal and fetal health. The developing fetal lung is known to be sensitive to prenatal tobacco product exposure. Utilizing a 3-pronged approach, we examined the effects of prenatal e-cig aerosols with, and without nicotine on respiratory development in a murine model. RNAseq analysis of fetal lungs revealed extensive dysregulation in gene expression. Morphologic assessment of distal airspaces in neonatal lungs display an emphysematic phenotype. Respiratory mechanics of neonates display signs of increased respiratory workload, with increased resistance and decreased compliance. These data are novel and provide evidence that prenatal e-cig exposure may result in altered lung function or development of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus R Orzabal
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Vishal D Naik
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, C.S. Mott Center for Human growth and Development, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jehoon Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew E Hillhouse
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Wesley A Brashear
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - David W Threadgill
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Jayanth Ramadoss
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, C.S. Mott Center for Human growth and Development, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
de Jong TV, Chen H, Brashear WA, Kochan KJ, Hillhouse AE, Zhu Y, Dhande IS, Hudson EA, Sumlut MH, Smith ML, Kalbfleisch TS, Doris PA. mRatBN7.2: familiar and unfamiliar features of a new rat genome reference assembly. Physiol Genomics 2022; 54:251-260. [PMID: 35543507 PMCID: PMC9236863 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00017.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rat genomic tools have been slower to emerge than for those of humans and mice and have remained less thorough and comprehensive. The arrival of a new and improved rat reference genome, mRatBN7.2, in late 2020 is a welcome event. This assembly, like predecessor rat reference assemblies, is derived from an inbred Brown Norway rat. In this "user" survey we hope to provide other users of this assembly some insight into its characteristics and some assessment of its improvements as well as a few caveats that arise from the unique aspects of this assembly. mRatBN7.2 was generated by the Wellcome Sanger Institute as part of the large Vertebrate Genomes Project. This rat assembly has now joined human, mouse, chicken, and zebrafish in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)'s Genome Reference Consortium, which provides ongoing curation of the assembly. Here we examine the technical procedures by which the assembly was created and assess how this assembly constitutes an improvement over its predecessor. We also indicate the technical limitations affecting the assembly, providing illustrations of how these limitations arise and the impact that results for this reference assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tristan V. de Jong
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Hao Chen
- 1Department of Pharmacology, Addiction Science and Toxicology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Wesley A. Brashear
- 2Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Kelli J. Kochan
- 2Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Andrew E. Hillhouse
- 2Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Yaming Zhu
- 3Center for Human Genetics, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas McGovern School of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Isha S. Dhande
- 3Center for Human Genetics, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas McGovern School of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth A. Hudson
- 4Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Mary H. Sumlut
- 4Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Melissa L. Smith
- 4Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Theodore S. Kalbfleisch
- 5Department of Veterinary Science, College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Peter A. Doris
- 3Center for Human Genetics, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas McGovern School of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Neuman BW, Brashear WA, Brun M, Chaki SP, Fischer RSB, Guidry SJ, Hill JE, Hillhouse AE, Johnson CD, Kahl-McDonagh MM, Metz RP, Rice-Ficht AC, Shuford JA, Skaggs TA, Stull MA, Threadgill DW, Akpalu Y, Zuelke K. Case Report: Paucisymptomatic College-Age Population as a Reservoir for Potentially Neutralization-Resistant Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2021; 105:1227-1229. [PMID: 34544043 PMCID: PMC8592217 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant lineage distribution in a college campus population, we carried out viral genome surveillance over a 7-week period from January to March 2021. Among the sequences were three novel viral variants: BV-1 with a B.1.1.7/20I genetic background and an additional spike mutation Q493R, associated with a mild but longer-than-usual COVID-19 case in a college-age person, BV-2 with a T478K mutation on a 20B genetic background, and BV-3, an apparent recombinant lineage. This work highlights the potential of an undervaccinated younger population as a reservoir for the spread and generation of novel variants. This also demonstrates the value of whole genome sequencing as a routine disease surveillance tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W Neuman
- Global Health Research Complex, Division of Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,College of Science, College Station, Texas
| | - Wesley A Brashear
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, College Station, Texas
| | - Marcel Brun
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, College Station, Texas
| | - Sankar P Chaki
- Global Health Research Complex, Division of Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | | | - Sierra J Guidry
- Global Health Research Complex, Division of Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | | | - Andrew E Hillhouse
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, College Station, Texas.,College of Medicine, College Station, Texas
| | | | - Melissa M Kahl-McDonagh
- Global Health Research Complex, Division of Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | | | - Allison C Rice-Ficht
- Global Health Research Complex, Division of Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas.,College of Medicine, College Station, Texas
| | - Jennifer A Shuford
- Texas Department of State Health Services, State Epidemiologist, Austin, Texas
| | - Tiffany A Skaggs
- Student Health Services, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | | | - David W Threadgill
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, College Station, Texas.,College of Medicine, College Station, Texas
| | - Yao Akpalu
- Brazos County Health Department, Epidemiology, College Station, Texas
| | - Kurt Zuelke
- Global Health Research Complex, Division of Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Salem NA, Mahnke AH, Konganti K, Hillhouse AE, Miranda RC. Cell-type and fetal-sex-specific targets of prenatal alcohol exposure in developing mouse cerebral cortex. iScience 2021; 24:102439. [PMID: 33997709 PMCID: PMC8105653 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) results in cerebral cortical dysgenesis. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on murine fetal cerebral cortical cells from six timed pregnancies, to decipher persistent cell- and sex-specific effects of an episode of PAE during early neurogenesis. We found, in an analysis of 38 distinct neural subpopulations across 8 lineage subtypes, that PAE altered neural maturation and cell cycle and disrupted gene co-expression networks. Whereas most differentially regulated genes were inhibited, particularly in females, PAE also induced sex-independent neural expression of fetal hemoglobin, a presumptive epigenetic stress adaptation. PAE inhibited Bcl11a, Htt, Ctnnb1, and other upstream regulators of differentially expressed genes and inhibited several autism-linked genes, suggesting that neurodevelopmental disorders share underlying mechanisms. PAE females exhibited neural loss of X-inactivation, with correlated activation of autosomal genes and evidence for spliceosome dysfunction. Thus, episodic PAE persistently alters the developing neural transcriptome, contributing to sex- and cell-type-specific teratology. The neurogenic murine fetal cortex contains about 33 distinct cell subtypes Prenatal Alcohol Exposure (PAE) resulted in sex-specific alterations in developmental trajectory and cell cycle PAE females exhibited neural loss of X-inactivation and spliceosomal dysfunction PAE induced sex-independent neural expression of fetal hemoglobin gene transcripts
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nihal A. Salem
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807-3260, USA
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Amanda H. Mahnke
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807-3260, USA
- Women's Health in Neuroscience Program, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Kranti Konganti
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Andrew E. Hillhouse
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Rajesh C. Miranda
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Medical Research and Education Building, 8447 Riverside Parkway, Bryan, TX 77807-3260, USA
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Women's Health in Neuroscience Program, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Little SV, Hillhouse AE, Lawhon SD. Draft Genome Sequence of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, Isolated from a Canine Case of Diskospondylitis. Microbiol Resour Announc 2020; 9:e00592-20. [PMID: 32586861 PMCID: PMC7317112 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00592-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the draft genome of an Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae strain isolated from the blood of a canine. Initial 16S ribosomal DNA amplification identified the isolate as belonging to the Erysipelothrix genus but could not elucidate the species due to previous misidentification of E. rhusiopathiae and E. tonsillarum The species identification was confirmed by whole-genome sequencing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara V Little
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew E Hillhouse
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Sara D Lawhon
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Little SV, Hillhouse AE, Lawhon SD. Whole-Genome Sequences of an Abortive Bacillus safensis Strain Isolated from a Mare's Uterus. Microbiol Resour Announc 2020; 9:e00342-20. [PMID: 32409543 PMCID: PMC7225542 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00342-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a report of two Bacillus safensis genomes sequenced from separate cultures isolated from the uterus of a 16-year-old Westphalian mare that aborted a dead fetus. This strain represents the first case of a B. safensis-associated equine abortion and the first case of infection caused by this bacterium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara V Little
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew E Hillhouse
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Sara D Lawhon
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Little SV, Bryan LK, Hillhouse AE, Cohen ND, Lawhon SD. Characterization of agr Groups of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Isolates from Dogs in Texas. mSphere 2019; 4:e00033-19. [PMID: 30918056 PMCID: PMC6437270 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00033-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an important canine pathogen implicated in an increasing number of human infections. Along with rising levels of methicillin and multidrug resistance, staphylococcal biofilms are a complicating factor for treatment and contribute to device, implant, and surgical infections. Staphylococcal virulence, including biofilm formation, is regulated in part by the quorum sensing accessory gene regulator system (agr). The signal molecule for agr, known as the autoinducing peptide molecule, contains polymorphisms that result in the formation of distinct groups. In S. pseudintermedius, 4 groups (i.e., groups I, II, III, and IV) have been identified but not comprehensively examined for associations with infection type, virulence factor carriage, or phylogenetic relationships-all of which have been found to be significant in S. aureus In this study, 160 clinical canine isolates from Texas, including isolates from healthy dogs (n = 40) and 3 different infection groups (pyoderma, urinary tract, and surgical, n = 40 each), were sequenced. The agr group, biofilm-producing capabilities, toxin gene carriage, antimicrobial resistance, and sequence type (ST) were identified for all isolates. While no significant associations were discovered among the clinical infection types and agr groups, agr II isolates were significantly less common than any other group in diseased dogs. Furthermore, agr II isolates were less likely than other agr groups to be multidrug resistant and to carry toxin genes expA and sec-canine Fifty-two (33%) of the 160 isolates were methicillin resistant, and the main sequence types (ST64, ST68, ST71, ST84, ST150, and ST155) of methicillin-resistant strains of S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) were identified for the geographic region.IMPORTANCEStaphylococcus pseudintermedius is an important disease-causing bacterium in dogs and is recognized as a growing threat to human health. Due to increasing multidrug resistance, discovery of alternative methods for treatment of these infections is vital. Interference with one target for alternative treatment, the quorum sensing system agr, has demonstrated clinical improvement of infections in S. aureus animal models. In this study, we sequenced and characterized 160 clinical S. pseudintermedius isolates and their agr systems in order to increase understanding of the epidemiology of the agr group and clarify its associations with types of infection and antimicrobial resistance. We found that isolates with agr type II were significantly less common than other agr types in diseased dogs. This provides valuable information to veterinary clinical microbiologists and clinicians, especially as less research has been performed on infection associations of agr and its therapeutic potential in S. pseudintermedius than in S. aureus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara V Little
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Laura K Bryan
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew E Hillhouse
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- Texas A&M Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Noah D Cohen
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Sara D Lawhon
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Brinkmeyer-Langford CL, Rech R, Amstalden K, Kochan KJ, Hillhouse AE, Young C, Welsh CJ, Threadgill DW. Host genetic background influences diverse neurological responses to viral infection in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12194. [PMID: 28939838 PMCID: PMC5610195 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection by Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is a model for neurological outcomes caused by virus infection because it leads to diverse neurological conditions in mice, depending on the strain infected. To extend knowledge on the heterogeneous neurological outcomes caused by TMEV and identify new models of human neurological diseases associated with antecedent infections, we analyzed the phenotypic consequences of TMEV infection in the Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse population. We evaluated 5 different CC strains for outcomes of long-term infection (3 months) and acute vs. early chronic infection (7 vs. 28 days post-infection), using neurological and behavioral phenotyping tests and histology. We correlated phenotypic observations with haplotypes of genomic regions previously linked to TMEV susceptibility to test the hypothesis that genomic diversity within CC mice results in variable disease phenotypes in response to TMEV. None of the 5 strains analyzed had a response identical to that of any other CC strain or inbred strain for which prior data are available, indicating that strains of the CC can produce novel models of neurological disease. Thus, CC strains can be a powerful resource for studying how viral infection can cause different neurological outcomes depending on host genetic background.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Rech
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Katia Amstalden
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Kelli J Kochan
- Texas A&M Institute for Genomic Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Andrew E Hillhouse
- Texas A&M Institute for Genomic Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - Colin Young
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - C Jane Welsh
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| | - David W Threadgill
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
- Texas A&M Institute for Genomic Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cook LC, Hillhouse AE, Myles MH, Lubahn DB, Bryda EC, Davis JW, Franklin CL. The role of estrogen signaling in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease: a Helicobacter hepaticus model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94209. [PMID: 24709804 PMCID: PMC3978010 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is due in part to interactions between the immune system, genetics, the environment, and endogenous microbiota. Gonadal sex hormones (GSH), such as estrogen, are thought to be involved in the development of IBD as variations in disease severity occur during pregnancy, menopause, or oral contraceptives use. In certain strains of mice, infection with Helicobacter hepaticus triggers IBD-like mucosal inflammation that is more severe in female mice than in males, suggesting a role for GSH in this model. To determine the role of estrogen signaling in microbiota-induced intestinal inflammation, estrogen receptor (ER) α and β knock-out (KO) mice, ER agonists, and adoptive transfers were utilized. We demonstrate that, when signaling is limited to ERβ on a non-CD4+ cell subset, disease is less severe and this correlates with decreased expression of pro-inflammatory mediators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lydia C. Cook
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Andrew E. Hillhouse
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Matthew H. Myles
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- IDEXX Laboratories, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Dennis B. Lubahn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth C. Bryda
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - J. Wade Davis
- Departments of Health Management and Informatics, and Statistics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Craig L. Franklin
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hillhouse AE, Myles MH, Taylor JF, Bryda EC, Franklin CL. Quantitative trait loci in a bacterially induced model of inflammatory bowel disease. Mamm Genome 2011; 22:544-55. [PMID: 21717222 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-011-9343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are complex disorders caused by a combination of environmental, microbial, and genetic factors. Genome-wide association studies in humans have successfully identified multiple genes and loci associated with disease susceptibility, but the mechanisms by which these loci interact with each other and/or with environmental factors (i.e., intestinal microbiota) to cause disease are poorly understood. Helicobacter hepaticus-induced intestinal inflammation in mice is an ideal model system for elucidating the genetic basis of IBD susceptibility in a bacterially induced system, as there are significant differences in H. hepaticus-induced disease susceptibility among inbred mouse strains. Infected A/J mice develop acute overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines followed 2-3 months later by chronic cecal inflammation, whereas infected C57BL/6 mice fail to develop cecal inflammation or increased cytokine expression. The goal of this project was to use quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping to evaluate genetic factors that contribute to the differential disease susceptibility between these two mouse strains. Using acute cecal IL-12/23p40 expression as a biomarker for disease susceptibility, QTL analysis of H. hepaticus-infected F(2) mice revealed involvement of multiple loci. The loci with the strongest association were located on Chromosome 3 and Chromosome 17, with logarithm of odds (LOD) scores of 6.89 and 3.09, respectively. Cecal expression of IL-12/23p40 in H. hepaticus-infected C57BL/6J-Chr3(A/J)/NaJ chromosome substitution mice had an intermediate phenotype, significantly higher than in resistant C57BL/6 but lower than in susceptible A/J mice, confirming the importance of this locus to the immune response to H. hepaticus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Hillhouse
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|