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Deslignière E, Ollivier S, Ehkirch A, Martelet A, Ropartz D, Lechat N, Hernandez-Alba O, Menet JM, Clavier S, Rogniaux H, Genet B, Cianférani S. Combination of IM-Based Approaches to Unravel the Coexistence of Two Conformers on a Therapeutic Multispecific mAb. Anal Chem 2022; 94:7981-7989. [PMID: 35604400 PMCID: PMC9178554 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
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Multispecific antibodies,
which target multiple antigens at once,
are emerging as promising therapeutic entities to offer more effective
treatment than conventional monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). However,
these highly complex mAb formats pose significant analytical challenges.
We report here on the characterization of a trispecific antibody (tsAb),
which presents two isomeric forms clearly separated and identified
with size exclusion chromatography coupled to native mass spectrometry
(SEC-nMS). Previous studies showed that these isomers might originate
from a proline cis/trans isomerization
in one Fab subunit of the tsAb. We combined several innovative ion
mobility (IM)-based approaches to confirm the isomeric nature of the
two species and to gain new insights into the conformational landscape
of both isomers. Preliminary SEC-nIM-MS measurements performed on
a low IM resolution instrument provided the first hints of the coexistence
of different conformers, while complementary collision-induced unfolding
(CIU) experiments evidenced distinct gas-phase unfolding behaviors
upon activation for the two isomers. As subtle conformational differences
remained poorly resolved on our early generation IM platform, we performed
high-resolution cyclic IM (cIM-MS) to unambiguously conclude on the
coexistence of two conformers. The cis/trans equilibrium was further tackled by exploiting the IMn slicing capabilities of the cIM-MS instrument. Altogether, our results
clearly illustrate the benefits of combining state-of-the-art nMS
and IM-MS approaches to address challenging issues encountered in
biopharma. As engineered antibody constructs become increasingly sophisticated,
CIU and cIM-MS methodologies undoubtedly have the potential to integrate
the drug development analytical toolbox to achieve in-depth conformational
characterization of these products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evolène Deslignière
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67087 Strasbourg, France.,Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI - FR2048, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Simon Ollivier
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France.,INRAE, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67087 Strasbourg, France.,Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI - FR2048, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Armelle Martelet
- CMC Development, BioAnalytics department France, SANOFI R&D, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - David Ropartz
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France.,INRAE, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Nelly Lechat
- CMC Development, BioAnalytics department France, SANOFI R&D, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Oscar Hernandez-Alba
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67087 Strasbourg, France.,Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI - FR2048, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Michel Menet
- CMC Development, BioAnalytics department France, SANOFI R&D, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Séverine Clavier
- CMC Development, BioAnalytics department France, SANOFI R&D, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Hélène Rogniaux
- INRAE, UR BIA, F-44316 Nantes, France.,INRAE, BIBS Facility, F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Bruno Genet
- CMC Development, BioAnalytics department France, SANOFI R&D, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67087 Strasbourg, France.,Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI - FR2048, 67087 Strasbourg, France
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Deslignière E, Ehkirch A, Duivelshof BL, Toftevall H, Sjögren J, Guillarme D, D’Atri V, Beck A, Hernandez-Alba O, Cianférani S. State-of-the-Art Native Mass Spectrometry and Ion Mobility Methods to Monitor Homogeneous Site-Specific Antibody-Drug Conjugates Synthesis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060498. [PMID: 34073805 PMCID: PMC8225019 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are biotherapeutics consisting of a tumor-targeting monoclonal antibody (mAb) linked covalently to a cytotoxic drug. Early generation ADCs were predominantly obtained through non-selective conjugation methods based on lysine and cysteine residues, resulting in heterogeneous populations with varying drug-to-antibody ratios (DAR). Site-specific conjugation is one of the current challenges in ADC development, allowing for controlled conjugation and production of homogeneous ADCs. We report here the characterization of a site-specific DAR2 ADC generated with the GlyCLICK three-step process, which involves glycan-based enzymatic remodeling and click chemistry, using state-of-the-art native mass spectrometry (nMS) methods. The conjugation process was monitored with size exclusion chromatography coupled to nMS (SEC-nMS), which offered a straightforward identification and quantification of all reaction products, providing a direct snapshot of the ADC homogeneity. Benefits of SEC-nMS were further demonstrated for forced degradation studies, for which fragments generated upon thermal stress were clearly identified, with no deconjugation of the drug linker observed for the T-GlyGLICK-DM1 ADC. Lastly, innovative ion mobility-based collision-induced unfolding (CIU) approaches were used to assess the gas-phase behavior of compounds along the conjugation process, highlighting an increased resistance of the mAb against gas-phase unfolding upon drug conjugation. Altogether, these state-of-the-art nMS methods represent innovative approaches to investigate drug loading and distribution of last generation ADCs, their evolution during the bioconjugation process and their impact on gas-phase stabilities. We envision nMS and CIU methods to improve the conformational characterization of next generation-empowered mAb-derived products such as engineered nanobodies, bispecific ADCs or immunocytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evolène Deslignière
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 67087 Strasbourg, France; (E.D.); (A.E.); (O.H.-A.)
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI—FR2048, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 67087 Strasbourg, France; (E.D.); (A.E.); (O.H.-A.)
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI—FR2048, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bastiaan L. Duivelshof
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU—Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (B.L.D.); (D.G.); (V.D.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU—Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Davy Guillarme
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU—Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (B.L.D.); (D.G.); (V.D.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU—Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Valentina D’Atri
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, CMU—Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (B.L.D.); (D.G.); (V.D.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU—Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alain Beck
- IRPF—Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France;
| | - Oscar Hernandez-Alba
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 67087 Strasbourg, France; (E.D.); (A.E.); (O.H.-A.)
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI—FR2048, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 67087 Strasbourg, France; (E.D.); (A.E.); (O.H.-A.)
- Infrastructure Nationale de Protéomique ProFI—FR2048, 67087 Strasbourg, France
- Correspondence:
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Farràs M, Miret J, Camps M, Román R, Martínez Ó, Pujol X, Erb S, Ehkirch A, Cianferani S, Casablancas A, Cairó JJ. Homogeneous antibody-drug conjugates: DAR 2 anti-HER2 obtained by conjugation on isolated light chain followed by mAb assembly. MAbs 2021; 12:1702262. [PMID: 31876436 PMCID: PMC6973308 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2019.1702262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in medical care, cancer remains a major threat to human health. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a promising targeted therapy to overcome adverse side effects to normal tissues. In this field, the current challenge is obtaining homogeneous preparations of conjugates, where a defined number of drugs are conjugated to specific antibody sites. Site-directed cysteine-based conjugation is commonly used to obtain homogeneous ADC, but it is a time-consuming and expensive approach due to the need for extensive antibody engineering to identify the optimal conjugation sites and reduction – oxidation protocols are specific for each antibody. There is thus a need for ADC platforms that offer homogeneity and direct applicability to the already approved antibody therapeutics. Here we describe a novel approach to derive homogeneous ADCs with drug-to-antibody ratio of 2 from any human immunoglobulin 1 (IgG1), using trastuzumab as a model. The method is based on the production of heavy chains (HC) and light chains (LC) in two recombinant HEK293 independent cultures, so the original amino acid sequence is not altered. Isolated LC was effectively conjugated to a single drug-linker (vcMMAE) construct and mixed to isolated HC dimers, in order to obtain a correctly folded ADC. The relevance of the work was validated in terms of ADC homogeneity (HIC-HPLC, MS), purity (SEC-HPLC), isolated antigen recognition (ELISA) and biological activity (HER2-positive breast cancer cells cytotoxicity assays).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercè Farràs
- Research&Development and New Business Development, Farmhispania SA, Montmeló, Spain
| | - Joan Miret
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Camps
- Research&Development and New Business Development, Farmhispania SA, Montmeló, Spain
| | - Ramón Román
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Óscar Martínez
- Research&Development and New Business Development, Farmhispania SA, Montmeló, Spain
| | - Xavier Pujol
- Research&Development and New Business Development, Farmhispania SA, Montmeló, Spain
| | - Stéphane Erb
- Laboratoire de Spéctrometrie de Masse BiorOganique, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire de Spéctrometrie de Masse BiorOganique, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sarah Cianferani
- Laboratoire de Spéctrometrie de Masse BiorOganique, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Antoni Casablancas
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Joan Cairó
- Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Sornay C, Hessmann S, Erb S, Dovgan I, Ehkirch A, Botzanowski T, Cianférani S, Wagner A, Chaubet G. Frontispiece: Investigating Ugi/Passerini Multicomponent Reactions for the Site‐Selective Conjugation of Native Trastuzumab. Chemistry 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202086163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Sornay
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199) LabEx Medalis University of Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden France
| | - Steve Hessmann
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO) LabEx Medalis Université de Strasbourg CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Stéphane Erb
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO) LabEx Medalis Université de Strasbourg CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Igor Dovgan
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199) LabEx Medalis University of Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO) LabEx Medalis Université de Strasbourg CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Thomas Botzanowski
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO) LabEx Medalis Université de Strasbourg CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO) LabEx Medalis Université de Strasbourg CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Alain Wagner
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199) LabEx Medalis University of Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden France
| | - Guilhem Chaubet
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199) LabEx Medalis University of Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden France
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5
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Sornay C, Hessmann S, Erb S, Dovgan I, Ehkirch A, Botzanowski T, Cianférani S, Wagner A, Chaubet G. Investigating Ugi/Passerini Multicomponent Reactions for the Site‐Selective Conjugation of Native Trastuzumab**. Chemistry 2020; 26:13797-13805. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Sornay
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199) LabEx Medalis University of Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden France
| | - Steve Hessmann
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO) LabEx Medalis Université de Strasbourg CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Stéphane Erb
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO) LabEx Medalis Université de Strasbourg CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Igor Dovgan
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199) LabEx Medalis University of Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO) LabEx Medalis Université de Strasbourg CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Thomas Botzanowski
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO) LabEx Medalis Université de Strasbourg CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO) LabEx Medalis Université de Strasbourg CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Alain Wagner
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199) LabEx Medalis University of Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden France
| | - Guilhem Chaubet
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199) LabEx Medalis University of Strasbourg 74 Route du Rhin 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden France
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6
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Deslignière E, Ehkirch A, Botzanowski T, Beck A, Hernandez-Alba O, Cianférani S. Toward Automation of Collision-Induced Unfolding Experiments through Online Size Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Native Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:12900-12908. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evolène Deslignière
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas Botzanowski
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alain Beck
- IRPF—Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Oscar Hernandez-Alba
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Duivelshof BL, Deslignière E, Hernandez-Alba O, Ehkirch A, Toftevall H, Sjögren J, Cianferani S, Beck A, Guillarme D, D’Atri V. Glycan-Mediated Technology for Obtaining Homogeneous Site-Specific Conjugated Antibody–Drug Conjugates: Synthesis and Analytical Characterization by Using Complementary Middle-up LC/HRMS Analysis. Anal Chem 2020; 92:8170-8177. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bastiaan L. Duivelshof
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Evolène Deslignière
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Oscar Hernandez-Alba
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | - Sarah Cianferani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alain Beck
- IRPF - Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 5 Avenue Napoléon III, BP 60497 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Davy Guillarme
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Valentina D’Atri
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Dovgan I, Ehkirch A, Lehot V, Kuhn I, Koniev O, Kolodych S, Hentz A, Ripoll M, Ursuegui S, Nothisen M, Cianférani S, Wagner A. On the use of DNA as a linker in antibody-drug conjugates: synthesis, stability and in vitro potency. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7691. [PMID: 32376903 PMCID: PMC7203131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64518-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we present the synthesis and evaluation of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), for which antibody and drug are non-covalently connected using complementary DNA linkers. These ADCs are composed of trastuzumab, an antibody targeting HER2 receptors overexpressed on breast cancer cells, and monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) as a drug payload. In this new ADC format, trastuzumab conjugated to a 37-mer oligonucleotide (ON) was prepared and hybridized with its complementary ON modified at 5-end with MMAE (cON-MMAE) in order to obtain trastuzumab-DNA-MMAE. As an advantage, the cON-MMAE was completely soluble in water, which decreases overall hydrophobicity of toxic payload, an important characteristic of ADCs. The stability in the human plasma of these non-engineered ON-based linkers was investigated and showed a satisfactory half-life of 5.8 days for the trastuzumab-DNA format. Finally, we investigated the in vitro cytotoxicity profile of both the DNA-linked ADC and the ON-drug conjugates and compared them with classical covalently linked ADC. Interestingly, we found increased cytotoxicity for MMAE compared to cON-MMAE and an EC50 in the nanomolar range for trastuzumab-DNA-MMAE on HER2-positive cells. Although this proved to be less potent than classically linked ADC with picomolar range EC50, the difference in cytotoxicity between naked payload and conjugated payload was significant when an ON linker was used. We also observed an interesting increase in cytotoxicity of trastuzumab-DNA-MMAE on HER2-negative cells. This was attributed to enhanced non-specific interaction triggered by the DNA strand as it could be confirmed using ligand tracer assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Dovgan
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199), LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- BioOrganic Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (LSMBO), IPHC, University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg, France
| | - Victor Lehot
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199), LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Isabelle Kuhn
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199), LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Oleksandr Koniev
- Syndivia SAS, 650 Boulevard Gonthier d'Andernach, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Sergii Kolodych
- Syndivia SAS, 650 Boulevard Gonthier d'Andernach, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Alexandre Hentz
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199), LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Manon Ripoll
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199), LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Sylvain Ursuegui
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199), LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Marc Nothisen
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199), LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- BioOrganic Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (LSMBO), IPHC, University of Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087, Strasbourg, France.,IPHC, CNRS, UMR7178, University of Strasbourg, 67087, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alain Wagner
- Bio-Functional Chemistry (UMR 7199), LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg, 74 Route du Rhin, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
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9
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Dovgan I, Hentz A, Koniev O, Ehkirch A, Hessmann S, Ursuegui S, Delacroix S, Riomet M, Taran F, Cianférani S, Kolodych S, Wagner A. Automated linkage of proteins and payloads producing monodisperse conjugates. Chem Sci 2020; 11:1210-1215. [PMID: 34123245 PMCID: PMC8148077 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05468e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled protein functionalization holds great promise for a wide variety of applications. However, despite intensive research, the stoichiometry of the functionalization reaction remains difficult to control due to the inherent stochasticity of the conjugation process. Classical approaches that exploit peculiar structural features of specific protein substrates, or introduce reactive handles via mutagenesis, are by essence limited in scope or require substantial protein reengineering. We herein present equimolar native chemical tagging (ENACT), which precisely controls the stoichiometry of inherently random conjugation reactions by combining iterative low-conversion chemical modification, process automation, and bioorthogonal trans-tagging. We discuss the broad applicability of this conjugation process to a variety of protein substrates and payloads. Controlled protein functionalization holds great promise for a wide variety of applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Dovgan
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory, UMR 7199, LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg France
| | - Alexandre Hentz
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory, UMR 7199, LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg France
| | - Oleksandr Koniev
- Syndivia SAS 650 Boulevard Gonthier d'Andernach 67400 Illkirch France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Steve Hessmann
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Sylvain Ursuegui
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory, UMR 7199, LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg France
| | | | - Margaux Riomet
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage DRF/JOLIOT - CEA, Université Paris-Saclay F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Service de Chimie Bio-organique et Marquage DRF/JOLIOT - CEA, Université Paris-Saclay F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Sergii Kolodych
- Syndivia SAS 650 Boulevard Gonthier d'Andernach 67400 Illkirch France
| | - Alain Wagner
- Biofunctional Chemistry Laboratory, UMR 7199, LabEx Medalis, University of Strasbourg France
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10
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Abstract
Mass spectrometry performed in nondenaturing conditions (native MS) has proven its utility for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), especially when ADCs' subunits involve noncovalent interactions (i.e., cysteine-conjugated ADCs). Its hyphenation to ion mobility spectrometry (IM-MS) allows differentiation of gas-phase ions based on their rotationally averaged collision cross section providing an additional dimension of conformational characterization of ADCs. More recently, size exclusion chromatography (SEC) appeared as an interesting technique to perform online buffer exchange in an automated way prior to native MS/IM-MS analysis. Online SEC-native MS/IM-MS allows the global structural characterization of ADCs and the assessment of some critical quality attributes (CQAs) required for ADC release on the market, such as drug load distribution (DLD), drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR), the average DAR (DARav), and the relative amount of unconjugated mAb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Hernandez-Alba
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique (LSMBO), IPHC, UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique (LSMBO), IPHC, UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alain Beck
- Pierre Fabre Laboratories, IRPF-Centre d'Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique (LSMBO), IPHC, UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
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11
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Beck A, D’Atri V, Ehkirch A, Fekete S, Hernandez-Alba O, Gahoual R, Leize-Wagner E, François Y, Guillarme D, Cianférani S. Cutting-edge multi-level analytical and structural characterization of antibody-drug conjugates: present and future. Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 16:337-362. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1578215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alain Beck
- Biologics CMC and Developability, IRPF - Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Valentina D’Atri
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Szabolcs Fekete
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Oscar Hernandez-Alba
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Rabah Gahoual
- Unité de Technologies Biologiques et Chimiques pour la Santé (UTCBS), Paris 5-CNRS UMR8258 Inserm U1022, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Leize-Wagner
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse des Interactions et des Systèmes (LSMIS), UMR 7140, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yannis François
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse des Interactions et des Systèmes (LSMIS), UMR 7140, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Davy Guillarme
- Biologics CMC and Developability, IRPF - Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, IPHC UMR 7178, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Strasbourg, France
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12
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Ehkirch A, Goyon A, Hernandez-Alba O, Rouviere F, D’Atri V, Dreyfus C, Haeuw JF, Diemer H, Beck A, Heinisch S, Guillarme D, Cianferani S. A Novel Online Four-Dimensional SEC×SEC-IM×MS Methodology for Characterization of Monoclonal Antibody Size Variants. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13929-13937. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandre Goyon
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, Rue Michel-Servet, 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Oscar Hernandez-Alba
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Florent Rouviere
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS, UMR5280, Université de Lyon, ENS, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Valentina D’Atri
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, Rue Michel-Servet, 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Cyrille Dreyfus
- IRPF−Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Jean-François Haeuw
- IRPF−Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Hélène Diemer
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alain Beck
- IRPF−Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Sabine Heinisch
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS, UMR5280, Université de Lyon, ENS, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Davy Guillarme
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, Rue Michel-Servet, 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Cianferani
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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13
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Ehkirch A, Hernandez-Alba O, Colas O, Beck A, Guillarme D, Cianférani S. Hyphenation of size exclusion chromatography to native ion mobility mass spectrometry for the analytical characterization of therapeutic antibodies and related products. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1086:176-183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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14
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Koniev O, Dovgan I, Renoux B, Ehkirch A, Eberova J, Cianférani S, Kolodych S, Papot S, Wagner A. Reduction-rebridging strategy for the preparation of ADPN-based antibody-drug conjugates. Medchemcomm 2018; 9:827-830. [PMID: 30108971 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00141c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The reduction-rebridging strategy is a powerful method for the preparation of stable and homogeneous antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). In this communication, we describe the development of the arylene-dipropiolonitrile (ADPN) functional group for the rebridging of reduced disulphide bonds and its application in the preparation of potent and selective ADCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Koniev
- Syndivia SAS , 650 Bd Gonthier d'Andernach , 67400 Illkirch , France .
| | - Igor Dovgan
- Laboratory of Functional ChemoSystems (UMR 7199) , Labex Medalis , University of Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden , France
| | - Brigitte Renoux
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux de Poitiers , IC2MP , Université de Poitiers , UMR-CNRS 7285, 4 Rue Michel Brunet , 86022 Poitiers , France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- BioOrganic Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (LSMBO) , IPHC , Université de Strasbourg , 25 rue Becquerel , 67087 Strasbourg , France.,IPHC , CNRS , UMR7178 , 67087 Strasbourg , France
| | - Jitka Eberova
- Laboratory of Functional ChemoSystems (UMR 7199) , Labex Medalis , University of Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden , France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- BioOrganic Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (LSMBO) , IPHC , Université de Strasbourg , 25 rue Becquerel , 67087 Strasbourg , France.,IPHC , CNRS , UMR7178 , 67087 Strasbourg , France
| | - Sergii Kolodych
- Syndivia SAS , 650 Bd Gonthier d'Andernach , 67400 Illkirch , France .
| | - Sébastien Papot
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux de Poitiers , IC2MP , Université de Poitiers , UMR-CNRS 7285, 4 Rue Michel Brunet , 86022 Poitiers , France
| | - Alain Wagner
- Laboratory of Functional ChemoSystems (UMR 7199) , Labex Medalis , University of Strasbourg , 74 route du Rhin , 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden , France
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15
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Ehkirch A, D’Atri V, Rouviere F, Hernandez-Alba O, Goyon A, Colas O, Sarrut M, Beck A, Guillarme D, Heinisch S, Cianferani S. An Online Four-Dimensional HIC×SEC-IM×MS Methodology for Proof-of-Concept Characterization of Antibody Drug Conjugates. Anal Chem 2018; 90:1578-1586. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Ehkirch
- Laboratoire
de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7178, IPHC, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Valentina D’Atri
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet, 1, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Florent Rouviere
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR5280, Université de Lyon, ENS, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Oscar Hernandez-Alba
- Laboratoire
de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7178, IPHC, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandre Goyon
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet, 1, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Colas
- IRPF—Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Morgan Sarrut
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR5280, Université de Lyon, ENS, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Alain Beck
- IRPF—Centre d’Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF), 74160 Saint-Julien-en-Genevois, France
| | - Davy Guillarme
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel-Servet, 1, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Heinisch
- Université de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR5280, Université de Lyon, ENS, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sarah Cianferani
- Laboratoire
de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7178, IPHC, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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16
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Kolodych S, Michel C, Delacroix S, Koniev O, Ehkirch A, Eberova J, Cianférani S, Renoux B, Krezel W, Poinot P, Muller CD, Papot S, Wagner A. Development and evaluation of β-galactosidase-sensitive antibody-drug conjugates. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:376-382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Botzanowski T, Erb S, Hernandez-Alba O, Ehkirch A, Colas O, Wagner-Rousset E, Rabuka D, Beck A, Drake PM, Cianférani S. Insights from native mass spectrometry approaches for top- and middle- level characterization of site-specific antibody-drug conjugates. MAbs 2017; 9:801-811. [PMID: 28406343 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2017.1316914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have emerged as a family of compounds with promise as efficient immunotherapies. First-generation ADCs were generated mostly via reactions on either lysine side-chain amines or cysteine thiol groups after reduction of the interchain disulfide bonds, resulting in heterogeneous populations with a variable number of drug loads per antibody. To control the position and the number of drug loads, new conjugation strategies aiming at the generation of more homogeneous site-specific conjugates have been developed. We report here the first multi-level characterization of a site-specific ADC by state-of-the-art mass spectrometry (MS) methods, including native MS and its hyphenation to ion mobility (IM-MS). We demonstrate the versatility of native MS methodologies for site-specific ADC analysis, with the unique ability to provide several critical quality attributes within one single run, along with a direct snapshot of ADC homogeneity/heterogeneity without extensive data interpretation. The capabilities of native IM-MS to directly access site-specific ADC conformational information are also highlighted. Finally, the potential of these techniques for assessing an ADC's heterogeneity/homogeneity is illustrated by comparing the analytical characterization of a site-specific DAR4 ADC to that of first-generation ADCs. Altogether, our results highlight the compatibility, versatility, and benefits of native MS approaches for the analytical characterization of all types of ADCs, including site-specific conjugates. Thus, we envision integrating native MS and IM-MS approaches, even in their latest state-of-the-art forms, into workflows that benchmark bioconjugation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Botzanowski
- a Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS , Strasbourg , France
| | - Stéphane Erb
- a Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS , Strasbourg , France
| | - Oscar Hernandez-Alba
- a Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS , Strasbourg , France
| | - Anthony Ehkirch
- a Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS , Strasbourg , France
| | - Olivier Colas
- b Centre d'Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF) , Saint-Julien-en-Genevois , France
| | - Elsa Wagner-Rousset
- b Centre d'Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF) , Saint-Julien-en-Genevois , France
| | - David Rabuka
- c Catalent Biologics West , Emeryville , CA , USA
| | - Alain Beck
- b Centre d'Immunologie Pierre-Fabre (CIPF) , Saint-Julien-en-Genevois , France
| | | | - Sarah Cianférani
- a Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS , Strasbourg , France
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