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Role of Constituent Oxides for Thermal Mineralization of o-Dichloro Benzene over Mixed-Oxide-TiO 2 Catalysts: A Mechanistic Explanation. Chemphyschem 2024:e202300472. [PMID: 38487944 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Catalysts with V2O5, WO3 and V2O5-WO3 dispersed over TiO2 were synthesized using sol-gel technique and thoroughly characterized by various techniques. The catalysts were evaluated for degradation of ortho-dichloro benzene (o-DCB) in air/helium, a representative probe molecule for polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxin and polychlorinated dibenzofuran by employing in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR spectroscopy). Different intermediate species formed on the surface of the TiO2 supported catalysts through of interaction of sorbate molecules with the lattice and/or gaseous oxygen were investigated in detail. Analysis of vibrational bands, observed during sorption of o-DCB and o-DCB-air mixture as a function of temperature over these catalysts, delineated the role of surface intermediate species such as phenolate, enolates, maleates, carboxylates, carbonates in mineralization of o-DCB. Nature and stability of intermediate species, found to be different over these catalysts, were able to elucidate the catalytic activity trend.
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Evidence of Strong Orbital-Selective Spin-Orbital-Phonon Coupling in CrVO_{4}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:026701. [PMID: 38277598 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.026701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Coupling of orbital degree of freedom with a spin exchange, i.e., Kugel-Khomskii-type interaction (KK), governs a host of material properties, including colossal magnetoresistance, enhanced magnetoelectric response, and photoinduced high-temperature magnetism. In general, KK-type interactions lead to deviation in experimental observables of coupled Hamiltonian near or below the magnetic transition. Using diffraction and spectroscopy experiments, here we report anomalous changes in lattice parameters, electronic states, spin dynamics, and phonons at four times the Néel transition temperature (T_{N}) in CrVO_{4}. The temperature is significantly higher than other d-orbital compounds such as manganites and vanadates, where effects are limited to near or below T_{N}. The experimental observations are rationalized using first-principles and Green's function-based phonon and spin simulations that show unprecedentedly strong KK-type interactions via a superexchange process and an orbital-selective spin-phonon coupling coefficient at least double the magnitude previously reported for strongly coupled spin-phonon systems. Our results present an opportunity to explore the effect of KK-type interactions and spin-phonon coupling well above T_{N} and possibly bring various properties closer to application, for example, strong room-temperature magnetoelectric coupling.
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Abstract
Continuous improvement in the living standards of developing countries, calls for an urgent need of high quality meat and dairy products. The farm animals have a micro-ecosystem in gastro-intestinal tract, comprising of a wide variety of flora and fauna which converts roughages and agricultural byproducts as well as nutrient rich concentrate sources into the useful products such as volatile fatty acids and microbial crude proteins. The microbial diversity changes according to composition of the feed, host species/breed and host's individual genetic makeup. From culture methods to next-generation sequencing technologies, the knowledge has emerged a lot to know-how of microbial world viz. their identification, enzymatic activities and metabolites which are the keys of ruminant's successful existence. The structural composition of ruminal community revealed through metagenomics can be elaborated by metatranscriptomics and metabolomics through deciphering their functional role in metabolism and their responses to the external and internal stimuli. These highly sophisticated analytical tools have made possible to correlate the differences in the feed efficiency, nutrients utilization and methane emissions to their rumen microbiome. The comprehensively understood rumen microbiome will enhance the knowledge in the fields of animal nutrition, biotechnology and climatology through deciphering the significance of each and every domain of residing microbial entity. The present review undertakes the recent investigations regarding rumen multi-omics viz. taxonomic and functional potential of microbial populations, host-diet-microbiome interactions and correlation with metabolic dynamics.
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Equations of State and Crystal Structures of KCaPO 4, KSrPO 4, and K 2Ce(PO 4) 2 under High Pressure: Discovery of a New Polymorph of KCaPO 4. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2023; 23:2782-2794. [PMID: 37038396 PMCID: PMC10080652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c01547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We have studied by means of angle-dispersive powder synchrotron X-ray diffraction the structural behavior of KCaPO4, SrKPO4, and K2Ce(PO4)2 under high pressure up to 26, 25, and 22 GPa, respectively. For KCaPO4, we have also accurately determined the crystal structure under ambient conditions, which differs from the structure previously reported. Arguments supporting our structural determination will be discussed. We have found that KCaPO4 undergoes a reversible phase transition. The onset of the transition is at 5.6 GPa. It involves a symmetry decrease. The low-pressure phase is described by space group P3̅m1 and the high-pressure phase by space group Pnma. For KSrPO4 and K2Ce(PO4)2, no evidence of phase transitions has been found up to the highest pressure covered by the experiments. For the three compounds, the linear compressibility for the different crystallographic axes and the pressure-volume equation of states are reported and compared with those of other phosphates. The three studied compounds are among the most compressible phosphates. The results of the study improve the knowledge about the high-pressure behavior of complex phosphates.
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Solvated electron-induced synthesis of cyclodextrin-coated Pd nanoparticles: mechanistic, catalytic, and anticancer studies. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1036-1051. [PMID: 36602081 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03219h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein, using in situ generated solvated electrons in the reaction media, a highly time-efficient, one-pot green approach has been employed to synthesize palladium (Pd) nanoparticles (NPs) coated with a molecular assembly of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD). The appearance of a shoulder peak at 280 nm in the UV-Vis absorption spectra indicated the formation of Pd NPs, which was further confirmed from their cubic phase XRD pattern. The nanomorphology varied considerably as a function of the dose rate, wherein sphere-shaped NPs (average size ∼ 7.6 nm) were formed in the case of high dose rate electron-beam assisted synthesis, while nanoflakes self-assembled to form nanoflower-shaped morphologies in a γ-ray mediated approach involving a low dose rate. The formation kinetics of NPs was investigated by pulse radiolysis which revealed the formation of Pd-based transients by the solvated electron-induced reaction. Importantly, no interference of α-CD was observed in the kinetics of the transient species, rather it played the role of a morphology directing agent in addition to a biocompatible stabilizing agent. The catalytic studies revealed that the morphology of the NPs has a significant effect on the reduction efficiency of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol. Another important highlight of this work is the demonstration of the morphology-dependent anticancer efficacy of Pd NPs against lung and brain cancer cells. Notably, flower-shaped Pd NPs exhibited significantly higher cancer cell killing as compared to spherical NPs, while being less toxic towards normal lung fibroblasts. Nonetheless, these findings show the promising potential of Pd NPs in anticancer treatment.
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Nanocomposite of rGO wrapped Mo2C: An anode material with enhanced sodium storage capacity. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Variation of structural disorder in Zr substituted Y2Sn2O7: Its impact on photocatalysis. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Synbiotic formulation of Cichorium intybus root powder with Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC15 and Lactobacillus reuteri BFE7 improves growth performance in Murrah buffalo calves via altering selective gut health indices. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:291. [PMID: 33909188 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02733-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of synbiotic formulation of Cichorium intybus root powder (C) with Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC15 (LA) and Lactobacillus reuteri BFE7 (LR) on growth performance in Murrah buffalo calves via monitoring selective gut health indices. Twenty-four Murrah buffalo calves of 5-7 days old and 33 ± 2.0 kg of body weight were distributed randomly into three groups adopting complete randomized design (CRD) as follows: (1) group I served as control (CON) provided with a basal diet alone; (2) group II supplemented with synbiotic formulation of 200 mL L. acidophilus NCDC15 fermented milk with 8 g of Cichorium intybus root powder (LAC) along with basal diet; (3) group III supplemented with synbiotic formulation of 200 mL L. reuteri BFE7 fermented milk with 8 g of Cichorium intybus root powder (LRC) along with basal diet. The final body weight (BW), average dry matter intake (DMI) and structural body measurements were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in LAC and LRC groups by synbiotic as compared to the CON. No effect was registered on apparent nutrient digestibility coefficient of various nutrients in supplemented groups. Faecal score was reduced by the supplementation of synbiotic being lowest in LRC followed by LAC and CON. Calves supplemented synbiotic showed lower (P < 0.05) faecal pH and ammonia with a concomitant increase in faecal lactate levels and faecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) as compared to control. The faecal Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium population was increased (P < 0.05) in synbiotic fed groups as compared to control. Additionally, coliform and clostridia count was decreased (P < 0.05) in treatment groups compared to CON. Overall, it may be concluded that synbiotic supplementation was effective in improving the growth performance in Murrah buffalo calves via altering selective gut health indices.
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An insight into the effect of g-C3N4 support on the enhanced performance of ZnS nanoparticles as anode material for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Development of LiMgBO 3:Tb 3+ as a new generation material for thermoluminescence based personnel neutron dosimetry. MATERIALS ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ma00737d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
Abstract
LiMgBO3:Tb3+ TL phosphor was systematically developed having better personnel neutron dosimetry properties as compared with the standard LiF:Mg,Ti dosimeter. Neutron irradiated PL and EPR studies delineated the underlying defect induced TL mechanism.
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Why Do Relative Intensities of Charge Transfer and Intra-4f Transitions of Eu 3+ Ion Invert in Yttrium Germanate Hosts? Unravelling the Underlying Intricacies from Experimental and Theoretical Investigations. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:12659-12671. [PMID: 32845617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dominant intensity of parity-forbidden intra-4f transitions of europium(III) over O → Eu charge-transfer band (CTB) intensity is against common perceptions, yet this trend is observed in many germanate hosts and has not been rationalized so far. In search of a plausible explanation for this unusual trend, present work reports an experimental and theoretical investigations in conjunction on two sibling germanate host, namely, Y2GeO5 and Y2Ge2O7 having dopant Eu3+ in their respective YO7 polyhedra. Whereas for Y2GeO5:Eu3+, the CTB is more intense than the intra-4f transitions in the excitation spectrum, in the case of Y2Ge2O7:Eu3+, the relative intensities of CTB and intra-4f transitions are reversed. Comparative structural analysis reveals that Eu3+ present in YO7 of Y2GeO5 has a greater number of tetra-coordinated oxygen (Otetra) and yttrium atom as first and second neighbors, respectively (Eu3+-Otetra-Y3+ linkages). Conversely, in Y2Ge2O7 host, the Eu3+ ion mostly has tricoordinated oxygen (Otri) as its nearest neighbor and germanium ions next to Otri (Eu3+-Otri-Ge4+ linkage). Theoretical calculations reveal that while Y2GeO5:Eu has Otetra(4Y) dominating at the Fermi level and the 4f state of Eu3+ remains inert toward mixing, in Y2Ge2O7:Eu, the Fermi level has major contribution from Otri(2Y + 1Ge) with significant mixing with 4f states of Eu. The dominant control of Eu3+-Otri-Ge4+ linkages in geometrical and electronic structure of Y2Ge2O7:Eu owing to the GeO4 surrounding has been attributed to relative poor intensity of O → Eu CTB. Siege of Eu3+ by GeO4 and subsequent occurrence of Eu3+-Otri-Ge4+ linkages play a dual role: First, it induces electronic rigidity to hinder excitation of electron at bridging (Otri) oxygen by highly charged small Ge4+ cation; second, the covalent character in Eu-O bond is achieved by intermixing of Eu's 4f and Otri 2p orbital which facilitates relaxing of the parity-selection rule thus enhancing the probability of intra-4f transitions. The inferences drawn remain valid when extrapolated to other inorganic oxides having EuOx polyhedra surrounded by covalent units like PO4, SiO4, etc. and have a prevailing number of low-coordinated oxygen atoms and highly charged small cation in the first and second coordination shells, respectively. The optical basicity concept is also found to endorse our explanation. These remarkable generic inferences will pave the rational way for designing efficient phosphors for solid-state lighting.
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Polysulfone-Gd2Zr2O7 mixed-matrix membranes with superior radiation resistant properties: Fabrication and application of a membrane device for radioactive effluent treatment. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2020.100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Effect of supplementation of Kappaphycus alvarezii based seaweed product on rumen fermentation
parameters under in vitro conditions. INDIAN JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.33785/ijds.2019.v72i05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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A brief review on the effect of preparation conditions on magnetic properties of some A2MMnO6 (A = La, Eu and Y; M = Mg, Co, Ni) type perovskites. J CHEM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-019-1673-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
We present a study of the pressure dependence of the structure of partially hydrated hexagonal CePO4 up to 21 GPa using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. At a pressure of 10 GPa, a second-order structural phase transition is observed, associated with a novel polymorph. The previously unknown high-pressure phase has a monoclinic structure with a similar atomic arrangement as the low-pressure phase, but with reduced symmetry, belonging to space group C2. Group-subgroup relations hold for the space symmetry groups of both structures. There is no detectable volume discontinuity at the phase transition. Here we provide structural information on the new phase and determine the axial compressibility and bulk modulus for both phases. They are found to have an anisotropic behavior and to be much more compressible than the denser monazite-like polymorph of CePO4. In addition, the isothermal compressibility tensor for the high-pressure structure is reported at 10 GPa and the direction of maximum compressibility described. Finally, the possible role of water and the pressure medium in the high-pressure behavior is discussed. The results are compared with those from other rare-earth orthophosphates.
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P101 The leeds paediatric brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM) outcomes. J Neurol Psychiatry 2019. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2019-abn.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesThe commonest cause of stroke in a paediatric population is a ruptured brain ateriovenous malformation (bAVM). We aim to assess the functional outcomes of patients who have undergone operative intervention at our unit for ruptured and non-ruptured bAVMs.DesignA single centre retrospective cohort analysis of paediatric bAVM patients.Subjects10 paediatric patients at time of surgery between January 2007 – December 2017 mean age at follow up 15.9 years, range 2–26 years, mean time to follow up 6.3 years, range 1.5–11.2 years.MethodsPatients with bAVMs were identified via the paediatric neurovascular database. They were contacted via telephone and the Paediatric Quality of Life (PedsQL) questionnaire administered via parent proxy if the patient was under 18, and by the patient if above 18. Functional outcomes were assessed using the PedsQL questionnaire score and converted in to a health-related quality of life (HRQOL) score.Results10 patients underwent resection of their bAVMS, 9 survived and 7 were contactable. The mean HRQOL score 88.9 points, range 65.2–100. Only one patient had a HRQOL score below the mean of a child with chronic disease.ConclusionsThe mean HRQOL outcome score of operated paediatric bAVM was similar to that of healthy children. Patients having bAVM surgery within our unit have had a good functional outcome. Although there are small numbers in this series, there is a low incidence of operated paediatric bAVMs. Our findings suggests that such operations should be undertaken in units with expertise.
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Pancreatitis and hyperparathyroidism: Still a rare association! Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:444-449. [PMID: 31719740 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Among the multitudinous etiologies of pancreatitis, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is rarely associated with pancreatitis. However, the cause and effect relationship between the two still evokes controversy. We aimed to study and characterize the nature of pancreatic disease in PHPT. Methods A retrospective single-center study was carried out in North India over a period of 1 year (June 2015 to May 2016). All patients with pancreatitis were included. In patients with high calcium levels, Intact Parathyroid Hormone (iPTH) by Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and an Technetium 99m Sestamibi scintigraphy (MIBI-Tc-99m) scan were performed. Results During the study period, 70 patients with pancreatitis were admitted to our hospital (53 with acute pancreatitis [AP] and 17 with chronic pancreatitis [CP]). Of them, 5 patients (9.4%) were detected to have PHPT. The mean age of patients was 30.4 years (20-49 years) with 3 males and 2 females, including 1 pregnant female (29th week of gestation). Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) abdomen was performed in 4 cases (excluding 1 pregnant patient) with mean Computed tomography severity index (CTSI) of 4.7 (2-8). Four patients were detected to have increased uptake in one of the parathyroid glands, and the fifth patient had an ectopic parathyroid uptake in the mediastinum. All the resected samples were identified as parathyroid adenoma on histology. The patients were followed up for 1 year with no reported recurrence of symptoms. Conclusion The data suggest an association between pancreatitis (both acute and chronic) and hypercalcemia due to PHPT. A high calcium value during AP or CP should always draw suspicion and warrants corresponding investigations in search of endocrine or malignant cause.
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Lycopodium clavatum for the management of urolithiasis: A randomised double blind placebo controlled trial. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN HOMOEOPATHY 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ijrh.ijrh_30_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Feeding balanced ration can improve the productivity and economics of milk production in dairy cattle: a comprehensive field study. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 51:737-744. [PMID: 30449010 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1747-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Role of palladium crystallite size on CO oxidation over CeZrO4-δ supported Pd catalysts. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Pre-operative neutrophil count and neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) in predicting the histological grade of paediatric brain tumours: a preliminary study. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2018; 160:793-800. [PMID: 29188366 PMCID: PMC5859055 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-017-3388-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR) is an established prognostic marker for renal, lung and colorectal carcinomas and has been suggested to be predictive of histological grade and outcome in adult intracranial tumours. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a correlation of the pre-operative neutrophil count (NC) and NLCR with the final histological grade exists in paediatric intracranial tumours. METHODS A retrospective analysis was undertaken at a single centre. Patients less than 18 years old at the time of surgery who underwent tumour-related procedures from 2006 to 2015 were included. Patients with recurrent tumours, previous bone marrow transplant and metastases were excluded. Pre-operative full blood counts (FBC), collected before the diagnosis of intracranial pathology and before administration of steroids, were matched with histological diagnosis for each patient. Post-operative FBC was also recorded, together with survival data where applicable. RESULTS A total of 116 patients (74 male, 42 female; mean age, 8 ± 0.9 years) with a diagnosis of primary intracranial tumours had pre-operative FBC that could be matched to final histological grade. Pre-operative NC and NLCR were higher with increasing grade of tumour: grade 1 (NC 4.29 109/l, NLCR 2.26), grade 2 (NC 4.59 109/l, NLCR 2.38), grade 3 (NC 5.67 109/l, NLCR 2.72) and grade 4 (NC 6.59 109/l, NLCR 3.31). Patients with WHO grade 1 and 2 tumours pooled together had a lower NC (4.37 95% CI ± 0.67 109/l) compared to WHO grade 3 and 4 patients (6.41 95% CI ± 0.99 109/l, p = 0.0013). The NLCR was lower in grade 1 and 2 tumours (2.29 ± 0.59) (compared to grade 3 and 4 tumours; 3.20 ± 0.76) but this did not reach significance (p = 0.069). The subgroup of patients with pilocytic astrocytoma had a significantly lower NC when compared to patients with high-grade tumours (p = 0.005). Medulloblastoma and supratentorial PNET subgroups had significantly higher NC compared to the low-grade group (p = 0.033, p = 0.002). Post-operative NC was significantly higher in the high-grade tumours (p = 0.034), but no difference was observed for NLCR (p = 0.28). CONCLUSIONS No evidence exists to support the correlation of pre-operative NC or NLCR to histological diagnosis in paediatric intracranial tumours. Our results indicate that a higher pre-operative NC/NLCR correlates with a higher histological grade of tumour. This suggests that immunological mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of paediatric brain tumours, and a further prospective study is required to substantiate and expand these findings.
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Effects of mannan-oligosaccharides and Lactobacillus acidophilus supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization and faecal characteristics in Murrah buffalo calves. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2018; 102:679-689. [PMID: 29493022 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A study of 120 days was undertaken to ascertain the effect of mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) and Lactobacillus acidophilus supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilization and faecal characteristics in Murrah buffalo calves. Twenty Murrah buffalo calves of 5-7 days old and 31 ± 2.0 kg of body weight (BW) were randomly assigned into four groups. Group I served as the control (CON) in which only basal diet (concentrate mixture and green fodder) was provided, without any supplementation. Mannan-oligosaccharides at 4 g/calf/day were supplemented as prebiotic to Group II (PRE), whereas Group III (PRO) received Lactobacillus acidophilus in the form of fermented milk as probiotic at 200 ml/calf/day having 108 CFU/ml and Group IV (SYN) was supplemented with both MOS and Lactobacillus acidophilus as synbiotic at similar dose. Final BW (kg), dry matter intake, average daily gain, feed conversion efficiency and structural growth measurements were improved (p < .05) in the treatment groups compared to control. Digestibility of neutral detergent fibre was higher (p < .05) in SYN followed by PRE and PRO than control. The faecal lactobacilli and bifidobacterium population was higher (p < .05) in all the supplemented groups with a concomitant reduction in faecal coliform count as compared to control. Faecal ammonia, lactate and pH were also altered favourably (p < .05) in all the supplemented groups as compared to CON. The faecal volatile fatty acids were higher (p < .05) in PRE, PRO and SYN group than CON. The incorporation of MOS and Lactobacillus acidophilus in diet either individually or in combination as synbiotic has the potential to improve the performance and faecal characteristics in Murrah buffalo calves; however, the observed responses among the treatment groups were more evident in the synbiotic fed group compared to individual supplementation of MOS and Lactobacillus acidophilus.
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High-pressure structural and vibrational properties of monazite-type BiPO 4, LaPO 4, CePO 4, and PrPO 4. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:065401. [PMID: 29337696 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaa20d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Monazite-type BiPO4, LaPO4, CePO4, and PrPO4 have been studied under high pressure by ab initio simulations and Raman spectroscopy measurements in the pressure range of stability of the monazite structure. A good agreement between experimental and theoretical Raman-active mode frequencies and pressure coefficients has been found which has allowed us to discuss the nature of the Raman-active modes. Besides, calculations have provided us with information on how the crystal structure is modified by pressure. This information has allowed us to determine the equation of state and the isothermal compressibility tensor of the four studied compounds. In addition, the information obtained on the polyhedral compressibility has been used to explain the anisotropic axial compressibility and the bulk compressibility of monazite phosphates. Finally, we have carried out a systematic discussion on the high-pressure behavior of the four studied phosphates in comparison to results of previous studies.
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Abstract
The effects of high pressure on the crystal structure of orthorhombic (Pnma) perovskite-type cerium scandate were studied in situ under high pressure by means of synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction, using a diamond-anvil cell. We found that the perovskite-type crystal structure remains stable up to 40 GPa, the highest pressure reached in the experiments. The evolution of unit-cell parameters with pressure indicated an anisotropic compression. The room-temperature pressure-volume equation of state (EOS) obtained from the experiments indicated the EOS parameters V0 = 262.5(3) Å3, B0 = 165(7) GPa, and B0' = 6.3(5). From the evolution of microscopic structural parameters like bond distances and coordination polyhedra of cerium and scandium, the macroscopic behavior of CeScO3 under compression was explained and reasoned for its large pressure stability. The reported results are discussed in comparison with high-pressure results from other perovskites.
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Revealing magnetic ordering and spin-phonon coupling in Y 1-x Tb x MnO 3 (0.1 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.3) compounds. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:155804. [PMID: 28230540 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa6295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The structural and magnetic properties of the Y1-x Tb x MnO3 (0.1 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.3) compounds were investigated. Neutron diffraction patterns for all three samples, recorded at room temperature (RT), were fitted to the nuclear structure confirming the paramagnetic nature of the compounds. At 2.8 K, for the x = 0.1 sample magnetic moments of the Tb3+ ionic as well as Mn3+ ionic were ordered. At 5 K for the x = 0.2 sample only the Mn3+ ionic magnetic moments were ordered. There were six sites for Mn atoms. Three on the z = 0 plane and three on the z = 0.5 plane (where z corresponds to +c axis).The Mn3+ionic moments were confined to the a-b plane with a net magnitude of 2.78(3) µ B, and 2.90(3) µ B for the x = 0.1 and the x = 0.2 samples. The Tb3+ionic moments had a magnitude of 1.36(4) µ B at 2.8 K and were aligned antiferromagnetically along the crystallographic c-axis for the x = 0.1 sample. The low moment in comparison with Mn3+ free ions has been attributed to crystalline electric fields similar to that found in the parent compound YMnO3 and also in another rare earth manganite viz HoMnO3. The x = 0.3 sample was found to be a canonical spin glass. To investigate the role of the above spin ordering in Y1-x Tb x MnO3 in governing the phonon dynamics, temperature dependent Raman measurements were carried out. We observed the deviation of the phonon frequency near 685 cm-1 and its line-width from the expected anharmonic behaviour around magnetic ordering temperature for Tb substituted compounds with x = 0.1 and 0.2. This was attributed to the spin-phonon coupling in these systems. The anomalous behaviour of this phonon mode in the canonical spin glass compound with x = 0.3, indicated that the coupling sustained even in the presence of only local magnetic ordering.
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Structural and Thermal Properties of BaTe2O6: Combined Variable-Temperature Synchrotron X-ray Diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, and ab Initio Calculations. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8994-9005. [PMID: 27494416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Variable-temperature Raman spectroscopic and synchrotron X-ray diffraction studies were performed on BaTe2O6 (orthorhombic, space group: Cmcm), a mixed-valence tellurium compound with a layered structure, to understand structural stability and anharmonicity of phonons. The structural and vibrational studies indicate no phase transition in it over a wider range of temperature (20 to 853 K). The structure shows anisotropic expansion with coefficients of thermal expansion in the order αb ≫ αa > αc, which was attributed to the anisotropy in bonding and structure of BaTe2O6. Temperature evolution of Raman modes of BaTe2O6 indicated a smooth decreasing trend in mode frequencies with increasing temperature, while the full width at half-maximum (fwhm) of all modes systematically increases due to a rise in phonon scattering processes. With the use of our earlier reported isothermal mode Grüneisen parameters, thermal properties such as thermal expansion coefficient and molar specific heat are calculated. The pure anharmonic (explicit) and quasiharmonic (implicit) contribution to the total anharmonicity is delineated and compared. The temperature dependence of phonon mode frequencies and their fwhm values are analyzed by anharmonicity models, and the dominating anharmonic phonon scattering mechanism is concluded in BaTe2O6. In addition to the lattice modes, several external modes of TeOn (n = 5, 6) are found to be strongly anharmonic. The ab initio electronic structure calculations indicated BaTe2O6 is a direct band gap semiconductor with gap energy of ∼2.1 eV. Oxygen orbitals, namely, O-2p states in the valence band maximum and the sp-hybridized states in the conduction band minimum, are mainly involved in the electronic transitions. In addition a number of electronic transitions are predicted by the electronic structure calculations. Experimental photoluminescence results are adequately explained by the ab initio calculations. Further details of the structural and vibrational properties are explained in the manuscript.
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Effect of omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid enriched diet on plasma IGF-1 and testosterone concentration, puberty and semen quality in male buffalo. Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 173:63-72. [PMID: 27596261 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA enriched diet on plasma IGF-1 and testosterone concentrations, puberty, sperm fatty acid profile and semen quality in male buffalo. Eighteen male buffalo calves were distributed randomly in three different groups and fed concentrate mixture along with green fodder and wheat straw in 50:40:10 ratios as per requirements. Basis ration of animals in group I was supplemented with 4% of prilled fat (PFA), while in group II and group III were added 4.67% of Calcium salt from Soybean (CaSFA) and Linseed oil (CaLFA), respectively. Male buffalo fed omega-3 PUFA high diet significantly increased concentrations of IGF-1 and testosterone in plasma as compared to two other diets (p<0.05). The age of puberty and scrotal circumference significantly increased by dietary fat effect (p<0.05) of which n-3 PUFA enriched diet (CaLFA) had the largest influence as compared to other diets (PFA and CaSFA). Feeding of n-3 PUFA rich diet significantly increased the DHA (C22:6n-3) content in sperm (p<0.05), which contributed to increased fluidity of plasma membrane, elevated quality of sperm (motility, viability) and in vitro fertility (plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity) in both fresh and post-thawing semen. These findings indicate that feeding of n-3 PUFA enriched diet increased IGF-1 and testosterone secretion, reduced pubertal age and improved both fresh and post-thawing semen quality in male buffalo.
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Pressure-induced phase transformation in zircon-type orthovanadate SmVO4 from experiment and theory. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:035402. [PMID: 26733093 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/3/035402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The compression behavior of zircon-type samarium orthovanadate, SmVO4, has been investigated using synchrotron-based powder x-ray diffraction and ab initio calculations of up to 21 GPa. The results indicate the instability of ambient zircon phase at around 6 GPa, which transforms to a high-density scheelite-type phase. The high-pressure phase remains stable up to 21 GPa, the highest pressure reached in the present investigations. On pressure release, the scheelite phase is recovered. The crystal structure of the high-pressure phase and the equations of state for the zircon- and scheelite-type phases have been determined. Various compressibilities, such as the bulk, axial and bond compressibilities, estimated from the experimental data are found to be in good agreement with the results obtained from theoretical calculations. The calculated elastic constants show that the zircon structure becomes mechanically unstable beyond the transition pressure. Overall there is good agreement between the experimental and theoretical findings.
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Study of Phase Transformation in BaTe2O6 by in Situ High-Pressure X-ray Diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, and First-Principles Calculations. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:227-38. [PMID: 26654423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Enhancement of dielectric constant in a niobium doped titania system: an experimental and theoretical study. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00176a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A very high dielectric constant of Nb doped titania is observed due to both the interfacial effect and formation of complex defect dipoles.
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Phase evolution in sonochemically synthesized Fe3+ doped BaTiO3 nanocrystallites: structural, magnetic and ferroelectric characterisation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:9758-69. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07736b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sonochemically synthesized Fe3+ doped BaTiO3 nanostructures exhibiting phase transition and room temperature ferromagnetic and ferroelectric behaviour.
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A chemical method for stabilizing a new series of solid solution Pr1-xCexScO3 (0.0 ≤x≤ 1.0) systems. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:16929-36. [PMID: 26361068 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01459j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new series of Pr1-xCexScO3 (0.0 ≤x≤ 1.0) compounds was synthesized by a two-step synthesis route, involving a combustion reaction followed by reduction while heating in a low partial pressure of O2, generated by a zirconium sponge that acts as an oxygen getter. For the first time, perovskite solid solution formation was observed in this series in the entire homogeneity range. These compounds were characterized using XRD, Raman spectroscopy and DRUV-visible spectroscopy. Rietveld refinement was carried out on the XRD data to determine unit cell parameters, bond lengths, bond angles along with the tilt angles for ScO6 octahedra. The analyses of the Raman shift were also in agreement with the XRD data. All compounds in this series showed a decreasing trend in the bandgap from 4.74 to 2.91 eV as a function of increasing Ce(3+) concentration.
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Preparation and Structure of Uranium-Incorporated Gd2Zr2O7 Compounds and Their Thermodynamic Stabilities under Oxidizing and Reducing Conditions. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:9447-57. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Effect of grain size and microstructure on radiation stability of CeO2: an extensive study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:27065-73. [PMID: 25383891 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04215h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the variation in the radiation stability of ceria with microstructure under the electronic excitation regime, ceria samples sintered under different conditions were irradiated with high energy 100 MeV Ag ions. The ceria nanopowders were synthesized and sintered at 800 °C (S800), 1000 °C (S1000) and 1300 °C (S1300), respectively. The samples with widely varying grain size, densities and microstructure were obtained. The pristine and irradiated samples were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). None of the samples amorphized up to the highest fluence of 1 × 10(14) ions per cm(2) employed in this study. XRD and Raman studies showed that the sample with lowest grain size suffered maximum damage while the sample with largest grain size was most stable and showed little change in crystallinity. Raman spectroscopy indicated the enhanced formation of Ce(3+) and related defects in the sample with larger grain size after irradiation. The most intriguing result was the absence of Ce(3+)-related defects in the sample with lowest grain size which actually showed maximum damage upon irradiation. The XPS studies on S800 and S1300 provided concrete evidence for the presence of Ce(3+) and oxygen ion vacancies in S1300. The grain boundaries and grain size dependent stability have been discussed.
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Bifunctional Li and Co Doped ZnO Nanostructures Synthesized by Solvothermal Method: Stabilizer Controlled Shape and Size Tuning. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 15:2804-2809. [PMID: 26353496 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.9752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
1D nanostructures of ZnO, Zn0.95Co0.05O and Zn0.85Co0.05Li0.10 were synthesized by a solvothermal chemical method with and without using oleic acid as a stabilizer. We report a very interesting observation of both room temperature ferromagnetism and photoluminescence properties along with development of different morphological transformation of these nanostructures on doping Co and Li in ZnO in the presence and absence of oleic acid. Zn0.95Co0.05O sample prepared in the presence of oleic acid showed increased saturation magnetization value (~ 4.1 emu/g and) compared to Zn0.95Co0.05O prepared without oleic acid (~ 1.1 emu/g). In both the cases it is observed that Li incorporation further enhances the room temperature ferromagnetic (RTFM) behavior and saturation magnetization values (~ 6 emu/g) of luminescent Zn0.95Co0.05 nanostructures. These results are significant, as the luminescent 1 D RTFM materials will have implications in photo magnetic devices like magneto-optical switches and sensors.
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Association of novel SNPs in the candidate genes affecting caprine milk fatty acids related to human health. Meta Gene 2015; 4:45-56. [PMID: 25853060 PMCID: PMC4372655 DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present investigation, 618 milk samples of Sirohi breed of goat were collected, and analyzed for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA, C18:2) and other fatty acids. The CLA in studied goat milk samples was 4.87 mg/g of milk fat and C18:2 cis-9, trans-11 contributes 2.9 mg/g of milk fat and trans10 cis12 contributes 0.82 mg/g of milk fat. The saturated fatty acids in the milk accounted for 69.55% and unsaturated fatty acid accounted for 28.50%. The unsaturated fatty acid was constituted by monounsaturated fatty acid (24.57%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (3.96%.). The major contribution (45.56%) in total fatty acid was of C12:0, C14:0 and C16:0. C18:0 and short chain ones (C4:0, C6:0, C8:0, and C10:0) have a neutral or cholesterol-decreasing effect. The DNA sequence analysis of the genes (DGAT1, SCAP, PPARG, OLR, FABP3 and PRL) in a random panel of 8 Sirohi goats revealed 38 SNPs across the targeted regions. Out of the studied SNPs (38) across these genes, 22 SNPs had significant effect on one or a group of fatty acids including CLA. The genotypes at these loci showed significant differences in the least square means of a particular fatty acid or a group of fatty acids including CLA and its isomers.
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An efficient robust fluorite CeZrO4−δ oxide catalyst for the eco-benign synthesis of styrene. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra12355g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic activities of CeO2, ZrO2, (PH)-CeO2/ZrO2 and fluorite CeZrO4−δ oxides were reported for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethyl benzene to styrene using O2, air and CO2 as oxidants. CeZrO4−δ accounted for a 47% styrene yield under optimized reaction conditions.
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Enhanced magneto-dielectric coupling in multiferroic Fe and Gd codoped PbTiO3 nanorods synthesized via microwave assisted technique. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:11388-98. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00638d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fe and Gd codoped PbTiO3 nanorods synthesized via microwave assisted technique exhibits enhanced room temperature ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties.
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Efficacy of contrast enhanced grey scale ultrasound in characterisation of hepatic focal lesions: A pilot study. Med J Armed Forces India 2014; 70:230-6. [PMID: 25378775 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has recently gained widespread acceptance as an adjunct to conventional grey scale ultrasound. The present pilot study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of this technique in characterisation of hepatic focal lesions. METHODS Adult patients who had at least one focal liver lesion underwent ultrasound evaluation in regular and contrast mode before and after intravenous administration of sulphur hexafluoride. The diagnoses were confirmed by comparison with a reference standard (multidetector CT), response to treatment or pathological correlation. RESULTS The rate of correct diagnosis for unenhanced ultrasound was 54%, CEUS was 72% and multidetector CT (MDCT) was 92%. A comparison of unenhanced ultrasound versus CEUS using the McNemar test yielded a p value of 0.0704 (>0.05). However, comparison of CEUS versus MDCT using the McNemar test yielded a p value of 0.0265 (<0.05). Additionally, comparison of unenhanced ultrasound versus MDCT using the McNemar test yielded a p value of <0.0001. CONCLUSION CEUS increases diagnostic efficacy over unenhanced ultrasound but does not have any significant advantages over MDCT. Currently it may be used as a problem solving tool in atypical haemangiomas, echogenic focal liver lesions, contrast sensitivity and to avoid multiple studies utilising ionising radiation.
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High Adsorption Capacity for Cationic Dye Removal and Antibacterial Properties of Sonochemically Synthesized Ag2WO4Nanorods. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Quest for lead free relaxors in YIn(1-x)Fe(x)O₃ (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) system: role of synthesis and structure. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:10101-11. [PMID: 25207665 DOI: 10.1021/ic5009472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The B-site tailored YIn(1-x)Fe(x)O3 (0.0≤ x≤ 1.0) series was synthesized by glycine-aided gel-combustion technique and subjected to extensive structural and electrical investigations. The temperature had tremendous bearing on the phase evolution exhibited by the system. The entire system crystallized as C-type metastable polymorph in the as-synthesized form. Hexagonal polymorphs of Fe(3+)-rich compositions could be isolated by controlled heat treatment at 750 °C. Raman spectroscopic investigations showed that, while there is a general shrinkage of the lattice due to substitution of a smaller ion at In(3+)-site, there is an apparent dilation of the Y-O bond, and this anomaly reflects in the electrical behavior exhibited by the system. The single-phasic hexagonal nominal compositions, YIn(1-x)Fe(x)O3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3), were also studied by impedance spectroscopy. The dielectric constant was found to drastically increase from 10 for YInO3 to 1000 for YIn(0.7)Fe(0.3)O3 at room temperature stressing the role of B-site tailoring on electrical behavior. More interestingly, careful substitution of Fe into YInO3 could tune the electrical behavior from a dielectric to relaxor ferroelectric in the temperature range studied. The nominal composition YIn(0.7)Fe(0.3)O3 showed a classical relaxor ferroelectric like behavior which is an important observation in context of the search for new lead free relaxor materials.
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Role of Annealing Atmosphere on Structure, Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of La2CoMnO6and La2MgMnO6. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201400215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Nanomechanical and optical properties of yttrium thin films by magnetron sputtering. OPTICS LETTERS 2014; 39:3086-3089. [PMID: 24875983 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.003086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports on nanomechanical and optical properties of yttrium thin films deposited on an Si (100) wafer. Elemental depth profiling by a secondary ion mass spectrometer revealed absence of formation of yttrium hydride, both on the surface and beneath. The optical properties were investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry, and the refractive indices extracted after suitable modeling were found to be 2.51 at 546 nm. Hardness and elastic modulus of these films were found to be 7 and 142 GPa, respectively. These studies indicate that yttrium thin films are suitable for x-ray mirrors, photocathode emitters in e-beam lithography, electron microscopes, and free-electron lasers.
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Synthesis and Structural and Electrical Investigations of a Hexagonal Y1–xGdxInO3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) System Obtained via Metastable C-Type Intermediates. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:13179-87. [DOI: 10.1021/ic402085w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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The association of cytochrome P450 genetic polymorphisms with sulfolane formation and the efficacy of a busulfan-based conditioning regimen in pediatric patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2013; 14:263-71. [PMID: 24165757 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2013.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) and flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) likely have a role in the oxidation of intermediate metabolites of busulfan (Bu). In vitro studies to investigate the involvement of these enzymes are cumbersome because of the volatile nature of the intermediate metabolite tetrahydrothiophene (THT) and the lack of sensitive quantitation methods. This study explored the association between the CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2B6 and FMO3 genotypes and sulfolane (Su, a water soluble metabolite of Bu) plasma levels in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The relationship between these genotypes and the effectiveness of myeloablative conditioning was also analyzed. Sixty-six children receiving an intravenous Bu-based myeloablative conditioning regimen were genotyped for common functional variant alleles in CYP2C9 (*2 and *3), CYP2C19 (*2 and *17), FMO3 (rs2266780, rs2266782 and rs1736557) and CYP2B6 (*5 and *9). The plasma levels of Bu and its metabolite Su were measured after the ninth Bu dose in a subset of 44 patients for whom plasma samples were available. The ratio of Bu to Su was considered the metabolic ratio (MR) and was compared across the genotype groups. Higher MRs were observed in CYP2C9*2 and *3 allele carriers (mean±s.d.: 7.8±3.6 in carriers vs 4.4±2.2 in non-carriers; P=0.003). An increased incidence of graft failure was observed among patients with an MR>5 compared with those with MR values <5 (20% vs 0%; P=0.02). In contrast, a significantly higher incidence of relapse and graft failure (evaluated as event-free survival) was observed in patients with malignant disease who carried CYP2B6 alleles with reduced function on both chromosomes compared with carriers of at least one normal allele (100% vs 40%; P=0.0001). These results suggest that CYP2C9 has a role in the oxidation reactions of THT and indicate that it may be possible to predict the efficacy of Bu-based myeloablative conditioning before HSCT on the basis of CYP genotypes and Bu MRs.
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New Polymorph of InVO4: A High-Pressure Structure with Six-Coordinated Vanadium. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:12790-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic402043x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Oxidation of benzylic alcohols to carbonyls using tert-butyl hydroperoxide over pure phase nanocrystalline CeCrO3. CATAL COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2013.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Sequential Evolution of Different Phases in Metastable Gd2–xCexZr2–xAlxO7 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0) System: Crucial Role of Reaction Conditions. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:7873-80. [DOI: 10.1021/ic401041e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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