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Teismann T, Forkmann T, Glaesmer H, Alpers GW, Brakemeier EL, Brockmeyer T, Christiansen H, Fehm L, Glombiewski J, Heider J, Hermann A, Hoyer J, Kaiser T, Klucken T, Lincoln TM, Lutz W, Margraf J, Pedersen A, Renneberg B, Rubel J, Rudolph A, Schöttke H, Schwartz B, Stark R, Velten J, Willutzki U, Wilz G, In-Albon T. Prevalence of suicidal ideation in German psychotherapy outpatients: A large multicenter assessment. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:971-976. [PMID: 38346649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal ideation is a major concern in clinical practice. Yet, little is known about prevalence rates of suicidal ideation in patients undergoing outpatient psychotherapeutic treatment. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to assess the prevalence of suicidal ideation in a large sample of psychotherapy outpatients in Germany. The data analyzed in this study is taken from the KODAP-project on the coordination of data collection and analysis at German university-based research and training outpatient clinics for psychotherapy. METHODS A total of N = 10,357 adult outpatients (64.4 % female; age: M(SD) = 35.94 (13.54), range: 18-92 years of age) starting cognitive-behavioral therapy at one of 27 outpatient clinics in Germany were included in the current study. Prevalence of suicidal ideation was assessed with the Suicide Item (Item 9) of the Beck-Depression Inventory II. RESULTS Suicidal ideation was reported by 36.7 % (n = 3795) of the participants. Borderline Personality Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and recurrent Major Depression were the diagnoses most strongly associated with the presence and severity of suicidal ideation. LIMITATION Suicide ideation was assessed only with the respective item of the Beck Depression Inventory II. CONCLUSION Suicidal ideation is very common among adult patients who start psychotherapy in Germany. A well-founded knowledge of risk assessment in suicidal patients and suicide-specific treatment options is therefore highly relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Teismann
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany.
| | - T Forkmann
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Germany.
| | - H Glaesmer
- Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Universität Leipzig, Germany.
| | - G W Alpers
- Otto Selz Institute & Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Germany.
| | - E L Brakemeier
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Greifswald, Germany.
| | - T Brockmeyer
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Goettingen, Germany.
| | - H Christiansen
- Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany.
| | - L Fehm
- Institute for Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany.
| | - J Glombiewski
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Adulthood, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Germany.
| | - J Heider
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Adulthood, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, Germany.
| | - A Hermann
- Psychotherapy and Systems Neuroscience, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.
| | - J Hoyer
- Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
| | - T Kaiser
- Methods and Evaluation/Quality Assurance, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
| | - T Klucken
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Siegen, Germany.
| | - T M Lincoln
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Hamburg, Germany.
| | - W Lutz
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Trier, Germany.
| | - J Margraf
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany
| | - A Pedersen
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Kiel University, Germany.
| | - B Renneberg
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
| | - J Rubel
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy of Adulthood, Universität Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - A Rudolph
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Leipzig, Germany.
| | - H Schöttke
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Osnabrück, Germany.
| | - B Schwartz
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Universität Trier, Germany.
| | - R Stark
- Psychotherapy and Systems Neuroscience, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.
| | - J Velten
- Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany
| | - U Willutzki
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Health, University Witten/Herdecke, Germany.
| | - G Wilz
- Counseling and Clinical Intervention, Department of Psychology, Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena.
| | - T In-Albon
- Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Kaiserslautern-, Landau, Germany.
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Abstract
Across six studies (total N = 3,549), we find that participants who were randomly assigned to choose from larger assortments thought their choices were more self-expressive, an effect that emerged regardless of whether larger sets actually enabled participants to better satisfy their preferences. Studies examining the moderating role of choice domain and cultural context show that the effect of choice set size on perceived self-expression may be particular to contexts in which choices have some initial potential to express choosers' identities. We then test novel predictions from this theoretical perspective, finding that self-expression mediates the effect of choice set size on choice satisfaction, the likelihood of publicly sharing choices, and the perceived importance of choices. Together, these studies show that choice set size shapes perceived self-expression and illustrate how this meaning-based theoretical lens provides both novel explanations for existing effects and novel predictions for future research.
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Abstract
During crises and disasters, such as hurricanes, terrorist threats, or pandemics, policymakers must often increase security at the cost of freedom. Psychological science, however, has shown that the restriction of freedom may have strong negative consequences for behavior and health. We suggest that psychology can inform policy both by elucidating some negative consequences of lost freedom (e.g., depression or behavioral reactance) and by revealing strategies to address them. We propose four interlocking principles that can help policymakers restore the freedom-security balance. Careful consideration of the psychology of freedom can help policymakers develop policies that most effectively promote public health, safety, and well-being when crises and disasters strike.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Reutskaja
- Marketing Department, IESE Business School, University of Navarra
| | - Barry Schwartz
- Haas School of Business, University of California, Berkeley
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Abstract
Although we are accustomed to thinking about technology as involving things-objects and processes-derived from scientific discoveries, science also creates a technology of ideas, ways of thinking both about the world and about human beings. And unlike "thing technology," "idea technology" can have powerful effects even when the ideas are false. This paper discusses false idea technology, or ideology, and suggests mechanisms by which it can have effects on both individuals and societies. It discusses neuroscience as the "next frontier" of ideology that may change our conceptions of human nature.
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Stone S, Schwartz B, Marbach J, Faugno A, Chweich H, Thayer K, Pahuja M, Kapur N. LACTATE CLEARANCE PREDICTS MORTALITY IN CARDIOGENIC SHOCK: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS. Can J Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2021.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Berhane B, Raley H, Buchongo P, Welsh C, Cole B, Dezman Z, Schwartz B. 219 A Non-Inferiority Trial of Peer Recovery Coaches for Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment for Substance Use Disorders via In-Person versus Telehealth Interviews. Ann Emerg Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2021.09.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hoffman E, Dang U, Clemens P, Gordish-Dressman H, Schwartz B, Mengle-Gaw L, Leinonen M, Smith E, Castro D, Kuntz N, Finkel R, Tulinius M, Nevo Y, Ryan M, Webster R, van den Anker J, Ward L, Damsker J, McDonald C, Guglieri M, Mah J. CLINICAL TRIAL HIGHLIGHTS. Neuromuscul Disord 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2021.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Goodwin A, Holubyeva A, Lai E, Zamora A, Schwartz B, Finamore P. 31 Pessary incarceration complicated by vesicovaginal fistula requiring ureteroneocystostomy: A video case presentation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.04.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jain P, Thayer K, Whitehead E, Everett K, Schwartz B, Pahuja M, Kanwar M, Sinha S, Garan A, Hernandez-Montfort J, Mahr C, Burkhoff D, Kapur N. Identifying Right Ventricular Dysfunction Increases the Predictive Value of SCAI Staging: A Case for an ‘R’ Modifier. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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10
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Sanford S, Schwartz B, Khan Y. The role of tacit knowledge in communication and decision-making during emerging public health incidents. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct 2020; 50:101681. [PMID: 32834974 PMCID: PMC7247478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2020.101681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Strong communication systems for knowledge exchange are required to prevent, respond to and mitigate the effects of emerging public health incidents (EPHIs). The objective of this paper is to examine how "tacit knowledge" - implicit knowledge used to guide everyday practice - is employed in professional relationships and communication processes between public health and acute care settings. A qualitative study design was used to explore the experiences of key informants from public health and acute care settings in Ontario, Canada, to examine how specific dimensions of tacit knowledge are employed in communications about EPHIs. Twenty-six in-depth interviews were conducted from 2014 to 2015. The results describe the way in which participants employ discretion and knowledge of local context, and rely on relationships built on trust and credibility, to facilitate decision-making and communication during EPHIs. Given the uncertainty characterizing most EPHIs, communicators rely a great deal on their informal knowledge and networks which allow them to remain flexible and respond quickly to changing situations. The results reveal that communication about public health guidance during emergencies is a complex and active process that draws from past experiences of the individuals involved, and is shaped by the requirements of local circumstances. The broader implications of these findings for building resilient and responsive health systems are considered. In particular, for rethinking the authority of standardized forms of evidence in public health decision-making, and the importance of knowledge which is grounded in the uniqueness of specific local contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sanford
- Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V2, Canada
| | - B Schwartz
- Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V2, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Health Sciences Building, 155 College Street, 6th Floor, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Y Khan
- Public Health Ontario, 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
- University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Monterosso
- Department of Psychology University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA
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Reece A, Yaden D, Kellerman G, Robichaux A, Goldstein R, Schwartz B, Seligman M, Baumeister R. Mattering is an indicator of organizational health and employee success. The Journal of Positive Psychology 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2019.1689416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - David Yaden
- Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Martin Seligman
- Positive Psychology Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Roy Baumeister
- School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Lucia, Australia
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13
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Beg M, Boothman D, Khosama L, Arriaga Y, Verma U, Sanjeeviaiah A, Kazmi S, Fattah F, Pilarski S, Rodriguez M, Lindsey D, Linden S, Schwartz B, Laheru D. A phase I/Ib, multi-center trial of ARQ-761 (Beta-Lapachone) with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz247.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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14
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Droz Dit Busset M, Braun S, El-Rayes B, Harris W, Damjanov N, Masi G, Rimassa L, Bhoori S, Niger M, Personeni N, Braiteh F, Lonardi S, Engelhardt M, Saulay M, Schwartz B, Shaib W, Mazzaferro V, Papadopoulos K. Efficacy of derazantinib (DZB) in patients (pts) with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) expressing FGFR2-fusion or FGFR2 mutations/amplifications. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz247.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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15
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eustace Hsu
- University of Southern California Department of Psychology
| | | | | | - Jesse Graham
- David Eccles School of Business, University of Utah
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16
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McKinnell JA, Bhaurla S, Marquez-Sung P, Pucci A, Baron M, Kamali T, Bugante J, Schwartz B, Balter S, Terashita D, Butler-Wu S, Gunzenhauser J, Hindler J, Humphries RM. Public Health Efforts Can Impact Adoption of Current Susceptibility Breakpoints, but Closer Attention from Regulatory Bodies Is Needed. J Clin Microbiol 2019; 57:e01488-18. [PMID: 30567751 PMCID: PMC6425187 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01488-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiological testing, including interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility testing results using current breakpoints, is crucial for clinical care and infection control. Continued use of obsolete Enterobacteriaceae carbapenem breakpoints is common in clinical laboratories. The purposes of this study were (i) to determine why laboratories failed to update breakpoints and (ii) to provide support for breakpoint updates. The Los Angeles County Department of Public Health conducted a 1-year outreach program for 41 hospitals in Los Angeles County that had reported, in a prior survey of California laboratories, using obsolete Enterobacteriaceae carbapenem breakpoints. In-person interviews with hospital stakeholders and customized expert guidance and resources were provided to aid laboratories in updating breakpoints, including support from technical representatives from antimicrobial susceptibility testing device manufacturers. Forty-one hospitals were targeted, 7 of which had updated breakpoints since the prior survey. Of the 34 remaining hospitals, 27 (79%) assumed that their instruments applied current breakpoints, 17 (50%) were uncertain how to change breakpoints, and 10 (29%) lacked resources to perform a validation study for off-label use of the breakpoints on their systems. Only 7 hospitals (21%) were familiar with the FDA/CDC Antibiotic Resistance Isolate Bank. All hospitals launched a breakpoint update process; 16 (47%) successfully updated breakpoints, 12 (35%) received isolates from the CDC in order to validate breakpoints on their systems, and 6 (18%) were planning to update within 1 year. The public health intervention was moderately successful in identifying and overcoming barriers to updating Enterobacteriaceae carbapenem breakpoints in Los Angeles hospitals. However, the majority of targeted hospitals continued to use obsolete breakpoints despite 1 year of effort. These findings have important implications for the quality of patient care and patient safety. Other public health jurisdictions may want to utilize similar resources to bridge the patient safety gap, while manufacturers, the FDA, and others determine how best to address this growing public health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A McKinnell
- Acute Communicable Disease Control Unit, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Infectious Disease Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Division of Infectious Disease, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - S Bhaurla
- Acute Communicable Disease Control Unit, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - P Marquez-Sung
- Acute Communicable Disease Control Unit, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - A Pucci
- Acute Communicable Disease Control Unit, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - M Baron
- Acute Communicable Disease Control Unit, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - T Kamali
- Acute Communicable Disease Control Unit, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - J Bugante
- Acute Communicable Disease Control Unit, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - B Schwartz
- Acute Communicable Disease Control Unit, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - S Balter
- Acute Communicable Disease Control Unit, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - D Terashita
- Acute Communicable Disease Control Unit, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - S Butler-Wu
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - J Gunzenhauser
- Acute Communicable Disease Control Unit, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - J Hindler
- Acute Communicable Disease Control Unit, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - R M Humphries
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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17
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Sundaresan A, Hirsch A, Nordberg C, Schwartz B. EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CHRONIC RHINOSINUSITIS IN THE GENERAL POPULATION USING OBJECTIVE EVIDENCE OF DISEASE. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.09.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Altmann U, Schönherr D, Paulick J, Deisenhofer AK, Schwartz B, Rubel J, Stangier U, Lutz W, Strauß B. Nonverbale Synchronie von Bewegungen und Therapieerfolg: Ein Vergleich von psychodynamisch-orientierter Therapie und Verhaltenstherapie bei sozialen Phobien. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U Altmann
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
| | - D Schönherr
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
| | - J Paulick
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - AK Deisenhofer
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - B Schwartz
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - J Rubel
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - U Stangier
- Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - W Lutz
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - B Strauß
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
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Schönherr D, Paulick J, Strauß B, Schwartz B, Deisenhofer AK, Rubel J, Lutz W, Stangier U, Altmann U. Nonverbale Synchronie von Bewegungen als Prädiktor für einen Therapieabbruch bei Patienten mit Sozialer Phobie. Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Schönherr
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
| | - J Paulick
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - B Strauß
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
| | - B Schwartz
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - AK Deisenhofer
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - J Rubel
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - W Lutz
- Universität Trier, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Trier, Deutschland
| | - U Stangier
- Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Abteilung für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland
| | - U Altmann
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Institut für Psychosoziale Medizin und Psychotherapie, Jena, Deutschland
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Schonwetter DJ, Schwartz B. Comparing Practice Management Courses in Canadian Dental Schools. J Dent Educ 2018; 82:501-509. [PMID: 29717074 DOI: 10.21815/jde.018.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Practice management has become an increasingly important aspect of dental education over the years in order to better prepare students for the reality of practice. The aim of this study was to quantify and describe practice management courses taught at the ten Canadian dental schools in order to identify common approaches, compare hours, determine types of instructors, and assess the relationship between courses' learning objectives and the Association of Canadian Faculties of Dentistry (ACFD) competencies and Bloom's cognitive levels. The academic deans at these ten schools were surveyed in 2016; all ten schools responded for a 100% response rate. The authors also gathered syllabi and descriptions of the courses and analyzed them for themes. The results showed a total of 22 practice management courses in the ten Canadian dental schools. The courses provided 27 to 109 hours of teaching and were mostly taught in the third and fourth years and by dentists on three main topics: ethics, human resource management, and running a private practice. The courses were correlated to the ACFD competencies related to ethics, professionalism, application of basic principles of business practices, and effective interpersonal communication. Most of the courses' learning objectives addressed comprehension and knowledge in Bloom's cognitive levels of learning. These results can help to guide discussions on how practice management courses can be developed, improved, and refined to meet the challenges of preparing students for dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter J Schonwetter
- Dieter J. Schonwetter, MA, PhD, is Professor, Course Coordinator, and Associate Dean Academic, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; and Barry Schwartz, DDS, MHSc, ADR, FPFA, FACD, is Assistant Professor and Course Director, Division of Practice Administration, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University.
| | - Barry Schwartz
- Dieter J. Schonwetter, MA, PhD, is Professor, Course Coordinator, and Associate Dean Academic, Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; and Barry Schwartz, DDS, MHSc, ADR, FPFA, FACD, is Assistant Professor and Course Director, Division of Practice Administration, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University
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Chater N, Felin T, Funder DC, Gigerenzer G, Koenderink JJ, Krueger JI, Noble D, Nordli SA, Oaksford M, Schwartz B, Stanovich KE, Todd PM. Mind, rationality, and cognition: An interdisciplinary debate. Psychon Bull Rev 2018; 25:793-826. [PMID: 28744767 PMCID: PMC5902517 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-017-1333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nick Chater
- Warwick Business School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Teppo Felin
- Saïd Business School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - David C Funder
- Psychology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Gerd Gigerenzer
- Adaptive Behavior and Cognition, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Joachim I Krueger
- Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Denis Noble
- Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Samuel A Nordli
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Mike Oaksford
- Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Barry Schwartz
- Psychology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA, USA
- Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Keith E Stanovich
- Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter M Todd
- Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
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Papadopoulos KP, El-Rayes BF, Tolcher AW, Patnaik A, Rasco DW, Harvey RD, LoRusso PM, Sachdev JC, Abbadessa G, Savage RE, Hall T, Schwartz B, Wang Y, Kazakin J, Shaib WL. A Phase 1 study of ARQ 087, an oral pan-FGFR inhibitor in patients with advanced solid tumours. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:1592-1599. [PMID: 28972963 PMCID: PMC5729432 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: ARQ 087 is an orally administered pan-FGFR inhibitor with multi-kinase activity. This Phase 1 study evaluated safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of ARQ 087 and defined the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D). Methods: Patients with advanced solid tumours received ARQ 087 administered initially at 25 mg every other day and dose-escalated from 25 to 425 mg daily (QD) continuous dosing. FGF19, 21, 23, and serum phosphate were assessed as potential biomarkers of target engagement. Results: 80 patients were enrolled, 61 in dose-escalation/food-effect cohorts and 19 with pre-defined tumour types in the expansion cohort. The most common ARQ 087-related adverse events were fatigue (49%), nausea (46%), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increase (30%), and diarrhoea (23%). Four patients (5%) experienced grade 1 treatment-related hyperphosphataemia. Dose-limiting toxicity was reversible grade 3 AST increase. The RP2D was 300 mg QD. Pharmacokinetics were linear and dose-proportional from 25 to 325 mg QD, and were unaffected by food. Statistically significant changes (P-value<0.05) suggest phosphate and FGF19 levels as markers of target engagement. In 18 evaluable patients with FGFR genetic alterations, 3 confirmed partial responses (two intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (iCCA) with FGFR2 fusions and one urothelial cancer with FGFR2 and FGF19 amplification) and two durable stable disease at ⩾16 weeks with tumour reduction (FGFR2 fusion-positive iCCA and adrenocortical carcinoma with FGFR1 amplification) were observed. Conclusions: ARQ 087 had manageable toxicity at the RP2D of 300 mg QD, showed pharmacodynamics effects, and achieved objective responses, notably in patients with FGFR2 genetic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Papadopoulos
- South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics, 4383 Medical Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - B F El-Rayes
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365-C Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - A W Tolcher
- South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics, 4383 Medical Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - A Patnaik
- South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics, 4383 Medical Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - D W Rasco
- South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics, 4383 Medical Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - R D Harvey
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365-C Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - P M LoRusso
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, 4206-4th Floor HWCRC, 4100 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - J C Sachdev
- Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center, Scottsdale Healthcare, 10460N 92nd Street, Scottsdale, AZ 85258, USA
| | - G Abbadessa
- ArQule, Inc. One Wall Street, Burlington, MA 01803, USA
| | - R E Savage
- ArQule, Inc. One Wall Street, Burlington, MA 01803, USA
| | - T Hall
- ArQule, Inc. One Wall Street, Burlington, MA 01803, USA
| | - B Schwartz
- ArQule, Inc. One Wall Street, Burlington, MA 01803, USA
| | - Y Wang
- ArQule, Inc. One Wall Street, Burlington, MA 01803, USA
| | - J Kazakin
- ArQule, Inc. One Wall Street, Burlington, MA 01803, USA
| | - W L Shaib
- Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, 1365-C Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Personeni N, Giordano L, Abbadessa G, Porta C, Borbath I, Daniele B, Salvagni S, van Laethem JL, Van Vlierberghe H, Trojan J, Weiss A, Gasbarrini A, Shuster D, De Toni E, Lencioni M, Miles S, Lamar M, Schwartz B, Santoro A, Rimassa L. Prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: An exploratory analysis from the ARQ197-215 study. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw371.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Personeni N, Giordano L, Abbadessa G, Porta C, Borbath I, Daniele B, Salvagni S, Van Laethem J, Van Vlierberghe H, Trojan J, De Toni E, Weiss A, Miles S, Gasbarrini A, Lencioni M, Lamar M, Shuster D, Schwartz B, Santoro A, Rimassa L. Prognostic significance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: the ARQ197-215 study. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw333.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
For more than 30 years, decision-making research has documented that people often violate various principles of rationality, some of which are so fundamental that theorists of rationality rarely bother to state them. We take these characteristics of decision making as a given but argue that it is problematic to conclude that they typically represent departures from rationality. The very psychological processes that lead to “irrational” decisions (e.g., framing, mental accounting) continue to exert their influence when one experiences the results of the decisions. That is, psychological processes that affect decisions may be said also to “leak” into one's experience. The implication is that formal principles of rationality do not provide a good enough normative standard against which to assess decision making. Instead, what is needed is a substantive theory of rationality—one that takes subjective experience seriously, considers both direct and indirect consequences of particular decisions, considers how particular decisions fit into life as a whole, and considers the effects of decisions on others. Formal principles may play a role as approximations of the substantive theory that can be used by theorists and decision makers in cases in which the formal principles can capture most of the relevant considerations and leakage into experience is negligible.
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Paulson S, Azzarelli KK, McMahon DM, Schwartz B. A new science of happiness: the paradox of pleasure. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2016; 1384:12-31. [PMID: 27258656 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The pursuit of happiness is enshrined in the founding document of our nation as a fundamental and inalienable right. Yet nowhere is the method of this pursuit clearly defined. What, exactly, does it mean to be happy, and how can such happiness be sustained over the long term? Can happiness be accurately gauged or measured? How does the paradoxical relationship between happiness and pleasure shape our quest to lead the good life? And what does modern science have to tell us about this universal yet elusive pursuit? Steve Paulson, executive producer and host of To the Best of Our Knowledge, moderated a discussion that included attorney and author Kim Azzarelli, historian Darrin McMahon, and social psychologist Barry Schwartz, who joined forces to share their research and insight on happiness, pleasure, and the coveted good life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kim K Azzarelli
- Cornell Law School, Ithaca, New York.,Seneca Point Global, New York, New York
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Abstract
Scientific development leads to a technology of ideas–idea technology–no less than it leads to a technology of objects But idea technology can have insidious effects that the technology of objects does not First, ideas can suffuse through a culture before people notice they are there And second, ideas can have profound effects even when they are false–when they are nothing more than ideology These effects can arise because sometimes when people act on the basis of ideology, they inadvertently arrange the very conditions that bring reality into correspondence with the ideology This potential effect of ideology is discussed in connection with the behavioral psychology of Skinner and the claim by Herrnstein and Murray that intelligence is, for all practical purposes, unmodifiable I suggest that, in general, psychologists must be on the lookout for positive feedback loops between theory and practice that contribute to theory confirmation and thus mislead psychologists into interpreting historically and culturally contingent truths as universal ones
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Abstract
To assess lay beliefs about self and brain, we probed people's opinions about the central self, in relation to morality, willful control, and brain relevance. In study 1, 172 participants compared the central self to the peripheral self. The central self, construed at this abstract level, was seen as more brain-based than the peripheral self, less changeable through willful control, and yet more indicative of moral character. In study 2, 210 participants described 18 specific personality traits on 6 dimensions: centrality to self, moral relevance, willful control, brain dependence, temporal stability, and desirability. Consistent with Study 1, centrality to the self, construed at this more concrete level, was positively correlated to brain dependence. Centrality to the self was also correlated to desirability and temporal stability, but not to morality or willful control. We discuss differences and similarities between abstract (Study 1) and concrete (Study 2) levels of construal of the central self, and conclude that in contemporary American society people readily embrace the brain as the underlying substrate of who they truly are.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barry Schwartz
- Psychology Department, Swarthmore CollegeSwarthmore, PA, USA
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Abstract
Klatzky and Creswell (2014) offer an interpretation of the unreliability of social priming effects by analogizing them to what is known about the complexity of cross-modal transfer effects in perception. The complexity of these transfer effects arises because they are both multiply determined and stochastic. In this commentary, I argue that Klatzky and Creswell’s thoughtful contribution raises the possibility that there might be deep and substantive limits to both the replicability and the generalizability of many of the phenomena that most interest psychologists, including social priming effects. Psychological phenomena largely governed by what Fodor (1983) called the “central system” may resist both replication and generalization by their very nature and not because of weak and underpowered experimental methods. With such phenomena, science might give us very good tools for explanation, but not for prediction (replication).
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Papadopoulos K, Tolcher A, Kittaneh M, Patniak A, Rasco D, Chambers G, Newth G, Savage R, Hall T, Schwartz B, Kazakin J, LoRusso P. 389 A phase 1, dose-escalation, first-in-human study of ARQ 087, an oral pan-FGFR inhibitor, in adult subjects with advanced solid tumors. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)70515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Savage R, Hall T, Schwartz B. 145 ARQ 087, a novel pan FGFR-inhibitor crosses the BBB (blood–brain barrier) and distributes to the brain of rats. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)70271-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Oehme M, Widmann D, Kostecki K, Zaumseil P, Schwartz B, Gollhofer M, Koerner R, Bechler S, Kittler M, Kasper E, Schulze J. GeSn/Ge multiquantum well photodetectors on Si substrates. Opt Lett 2014; 39:4711-4714. [PMID: 25121855 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.004711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Vertical incidence GeSn/Ge multiquantum well (MQW) pin photodetectors on Si substrates were fabricated with a Sn concentration of 7%. The epitaxial structure was grown with a special low temperature molecular beam epitaxy process. The Ge barrier in the GeSn/Ge MQW was kept constant at 10 nm. The well width was varied between 6 and 12 nm. The GeSn/Ge MQW structures were grown pseudomorphically with the in-plane lattice constant of the Ge virtual substrate. The absorption edge shifts to longer wavelengths with thicker QWs in agreement with expectations from smaller quantization energies for the thicker QWs.
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Schwartz B, Saad MN, Goldberg D. Evaluating the students' perspectives of a clinic mentoring programme. Eur J Dent Educ 2014; 18:115-120. [PMID: 24118706 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to describe and examine the effectiveness of a mentoring program for third and fourth year clinical dental students. This is an educational intervention for the pre-doctoral students at the Schulich School of Dentistry. We have recently instituted this program and have developed a questionnaire to assess the student perspectives using a SWOT analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of this intervention by analyzing the quantitative and qualitative responses of the students towards their clinical education and patient management. Our findings, both quantitative and qualitative, indicated that the mentoring program was well received by most students who would like to see the program expanded. The majority of students felt that the mentoring program aligned well with comprehensive care of their patients while enhancing their clinical experience. One of the strongest areas of agreement involved the ability to discuss cases in a non-threatening environment. The SWOT analysis identified key areas for future improvements. We offer steps to successfully implement a similar program based on our findings. It is our hope that our results might be instrumental for other schools wishing to adopt a similar model which supports patient-based comprehensive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Schwartz
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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Alanee S, Bauman J, Dynda D, Frye T, Konety B, Schwartz B. Conservative management and female gender are associated with increased cancer-specific death in patients with isolated primary urothelial carcinomain situ. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2014; 24:444-9. [DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Alanee
- Department of Surgery-Division of Urology; Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; Springfield IL USA
| | - J. Bauman
- Division of Urology; Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; Springfield IL USA
| | - D. Dynda
- Center for Clinical Research; Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; Springfield IL USA
| | - T. Frye
- Division of Urology; Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; Springfield IL USA
| | - B. Konety
- Department of Urology; University of Minnesota School of Medicine; Minneapolis MN USA
| | - B. Schwartz
- Center for Laparoscopy, Endourology and Stone Diseases; Division of Urology; Southern Illinois University School of Medicine; Springfield IL USA
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Pant S, Saleh M, Bendell J, Infante JR, Jones S, Kurkjian CD, Moore KM, Kazakin J, Abbadessa G, Wang Y, Chen Y, Schwartz B, Camacho LH. A phase I dose escalation study of oral c-MET inhibitor tivantinib (ARQ 197) in combination with gemcitabine in patients with solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2014; 25:1416-1421. [PMID: 24737778 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tivantinib (ARQ 197) is an orally available, non-adenosine triphosphate competitive, selective c-MET inhibitor. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the safety, tolerability and to establish the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of tivantinib and gemcitabine combination. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors were treated with escalating doses of tivantinib (120-360 mg capsules) in combination with gemcitabine (1000 mg/m(2) weekly for 3 of 4 weeks). Different schedules of administration were tested and modified based on emerging preclinical data. Tivantinib was given continuously, twice a day (b.i.d.) for 2, 3 or 4 weeks of a 28-day cycle or on a 5-day on, 2-day off schedule (the day before and day of gemcitabine administration). RESULTS Twenty-nine patients were treated with gemcitabine and escalating doses of tivantinib: 120 mg b.i.d. (n = 4), 240 mg b.i.d. (n = 6) and 360 mg b.i.d. (n = 19). No dose-limiting toxicities were observed in escalation. The RP2D was 360 mg b.i.d. daily, and 45 additional patients were enrolled in the expansion cohort. Grade ≥3 treatment-related toxicities were observed in 54 of 74 (73%) patients with the most common being neutropenia (43%), anemia (30%), thrombocytopenia (28%) and fatigue (15%). There was one treatment-related death due to neutropenia. Administration of gemcitabine did not affect tivantinib concentration. Fifty-six patients were assessable for response. Eleven (20%) patients achieved a partial response and 26 (46%) had stable disease (SD), including 15 (27%) who achieved SD for over 4 months. Ten of 37 patients with clinical benefit had prior exposure to gemcitabine. CONCLUSION The combination of tivantinib at its monotherapy dose and standard dose gemcitabine was safe and tolerable. Early signs of antitumor activity may warrant further development of this combination in nonsmall-cell lung cancer, ovarian, pancreatic and cholangiocarcinoma. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER NCT00874042.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pant
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City.
| | - M Saleh
- Georgia Cancer Specialists, Atlanta
| | - J Bendell
- SCRI, Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville
| | | | - S Jones
- SCRI, Tennessee Oncology, PLLC, Nashville
| | - C D Kurkjian
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | - K M Moore
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | | | | | | | - Y Chen
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical, Inc., Novato
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Nimri L, Yehuda-Shnaidman E, Schwartz B. 489: Mechanisms linking obesity to altered metabolism in colon carcinogenesis. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50434-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pawel JV, Scagliotti G, Novello S, Ramlau R, Favaretto A, Barlesi F, Akerley W, Orlov S, Santoro A, Shepherd F, Spigel D, Hirsh V, Sequist L, Shuster D, Zahir H, Wang Q, Schwartz B, Roemeling RV, Sandler AB. Efficacy Analysis for Molecular Subgroups in MARQUEE: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Phase 3 Trial of Tivantinib (ARQ 197) Plus Erlotinib versus Placebo plus Erlotinib in Previously Treated Patients with Locally Advanced or Metastatic, Non-squamous, Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Pneumologie 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Santoro A, Simonelli M, Rodriguez-Lope C, Zucali P, Camacho LH, Granito A, Senzer N, Rimassa L, Abbadessa G, Schwartz B, Lamar M, Savage RE, Bruix J. A Phase-1b study of tivantinib (ARQ 197) in adult patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis. Br J Cancer 2013; 108:21-4. [PMID: 23287988 PMCID: PMC3553536 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) receptor is dysregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and tivantinib (ARQ 197) is an oral, selective, MET inhibitor. METHODS This Phase-1b study assessed tivantinib safety as primary objective in patients with previously treated HCC and Child-Pugh A or B liver cirrhosis. Patients received oral tivantinib 360 mg twice daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. RESULTS Among 21 HCC patients, common drug-related adverse events (AEs) were neutropaenia, anaemia, asthenia, leucopaenia, anorexia, diarrhoea, and fatigue. No drug-related worsening of liver function or performance status occurred, but one Child-Pugh B patient experienced drug-related bilirubin increase. Four patients had drug-related serious AEs, including one neutropaenia-related death. Haematologic toxicities were more frequent than in previous tivantinib studies but were manageable with prompt therapy. Best response was stable disease (median, 5.3 months) in 9 of 16 evaluable patients (56%). Median time to progression was 3.3 months. CONCLUSION Tivantinib demonstrated a manageable safety profile and preliminary antitumour activity in patients with HCC and Child-Pugh A or B cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Santoro
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Cancer Center, Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano (Milan), Italy
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Abstract
Due to its prevalence, obesity is now considered a global epidemic. It is linked to increased risk of colorectal cancer, the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of death among adults in Western countries. Obese adipose tissue differs from lean adipose tissue in its immunogenic profile, body fat distribution and metabolic profile. Obese adipose tissue releases free fatty acids, adipokines and many pro-inflammatory chemokines. These factors are known to play a key role in regulating malignant transformation and cancer progression. Obese adipose tissue is infiltrated by macrophages that participate in inflammatory pathways activated within the tissue. Adipose tissue macrophages consist of two different phenotypes. M1 macrophages reside in obese adipose tissue and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, and M2 macrophages reside in lean adipose tissue and produce anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-10 (IL-10). The metabolic networks that confer tumour cells with their oncogenic properties, such as increased proliferation and the ability to avoid apoptosis are still not well understood. We review the interactions between adipocytes and immune cells that may alter the metabolism towards promotion of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Yehuda-Shnaidman
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Zahir H, Rodig S, Sequist L, Rimassa L, Eng C, Halim A, Wang Y, von Roemeling R, Chen Y, Schwartz B. 482 Relationship Between Tumor MET Expression and Clinical Outcomes in Cancer Patients Treated with Tivantinib. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)72280-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Domestic violence (DV), also known as intimate partner violence (IPV), is one of the leading causes of serious injury among women of childbearing age. As first responders on the scene during DV calls where personal injuries have occurred, Emergency Medical Services (EMS) could routinely identify, report and assist victims of violence. Yet, little is known of the prevalence of DV calls in EMS practice, Emergency Medical Technicians' (EMT) knowledge and comfort in responding to such calls, or how they care for victims. METHOD The objectives of this study were to assess EMTs' knowledge of and experience with providing care to victims of DV in the province of Ontario, Canada. Data were gathered through an online, short-answer survey. Survey data were analysed using basic frequency displays, and descriptive statistics are reported. RESULTS Almost 500 EMTs participated in this study, the vast majority of whom (90%) attended at least one DV call in the preceding year, with 65% attending between 10 and 20 DV calls. The majority of respondents (84.5%) wished for more education and training on the issue. CONCLUSION EMTs have frequent contact with victims of DV yet have received little education about the issue. The majority of those surveyed would like specific education and training on DV.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mason
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1N8, Canada.
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Schwartz B. What a Piece of Work Is Man
Beyond Pleasure and Pain
How Motivation Works
by E. Tory Higgins
Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2012. 568 pp. S69.95, £45. ISBN 9780199765829. Science 2012. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1227731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Arguing that there is much more to motivation than seeking pleasure and avoiding pain, Higgins points to the importance of desires for value, truth, and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Schwartz
- The reviewer is at the Department of Psychology, Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA
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Zahir H, Kastrissios H, Carothers T, Jansen M, Savage R, Abbadessa G, Chai F, Schwartz B, Miller R, Tokui T. Exposure-Response Relationship to Assess the Risk of Neutropenia in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Treated with Tivantinib. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33319-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Schwartz B, Klink T, Nagel HD, Regier M, Adam G, Begemann P. Die 256-MSCT Bildakquisition mit sequentiellen axialen Scans: Evaluation der Bildqualität und -auflösung im Rahmen einer Phantomstudie. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1311039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yu EA, Thomas JS, Faruque ASG, Das SK, Schwartz B, Stein AD. Maternal prenatal attitudes and exclusive breastfeeding at three months in rural Bangladesh. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1028.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- EA Yu
- Emory UniversityRollins School of Public HealthAtlantaCA
| | - JS Thomas
- Emory UniversityRollins School of Public HealthAtlantaCA
- CARE USAAtlantaGA
| | - ASG Faruque
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, BangladeshClinical Sciences DivisionDhakaBangladesh
| | - SK Das
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, BangladeshClinical Sciences DivisionDhakaBangladesh
| | | | - AD Stein
- Emory UniversityRollins School of Public HealthAtlantaCA
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Schwartz B, Bohay R. Can patients help teach professionalism and empathy to dental students? Adding patient videos to a lecture course. J Dent Educ 2012; 76:174-184. [PMID: 22319082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A key aspect of predoctoral dental education involves ethics/professionalism and interpersonal communications. Empathy is an integral aspect of both. This study at the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, examined predoctoral students' perspectives to determine the impact of new educational methodologies designed to integrate patients' voices into a patient management lecture course. Videos of patients describing their dental experiences were added along with classroom discussion and students' reflective journals on the topics raised. Early results indicate that students perceived this innovation enhanced the teaching of professionalism, raised their awareness of the importance of empathy, and was a well-received addition to the course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Schwartz
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry Schwartz
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Western Ontario
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Klink T, Nagel H, Schwartz B, Regier M, Adam G, Begemann P. 256-MSCT Image Acquisition with Sequential Axial Scans: Evaluation of Image Quality and Resolution in a Phantom Study. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2012; 184:248-55. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1299046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Klink
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - H. Nagel
- Wissenschaft & Technik für die Radiologie, Dr. HD Nagel
| | - B. Schwartz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - M. Regier
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - G. Adam
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf
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