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Brunelli F, Russo C, Giustiniano M, Tron GC. Exploiting the Different Nucleophilicity of the Isocyano Group: A Strategy for the Isocyanide Functionalization. J Org Chem 2024; 89:5833-5840. [PMID: 38581396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
By exploiting the different nucleophilicity of aromatic and aliphatic isocyanides, we selectively react aliphatic isocyano groups while preserving aromatic ones in Passerini and Ugi multicomponent reactions. This simple approach allows the synthesis of α-acyloxy carboxamides or α-acylamino carboxamides possessing one or two isocyanide groups, which are challenging to achieve through traditional formylation and dehydration protocols. These analogues have the potential to serve as valuable building blocks with diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Brunelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Camilla Russo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gian Cesare Tron
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
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Iacobellis F, Di Serafino M, Russo C, Ronza R, Caruso M, Dell’Aversano Orabona G, Camillo C, Sabatino V, Grimaldi D, Rinaldo C, Barbuto L, Verde F, Giacobbe G, Schillirò ML, Scarano E, Romano L. Safe and Informed Use of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent in Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Where We Were and Where We Are. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2193. [PMID: 38673466 PMCID: PMC11051151 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have helped to improve the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. There are currently nine different commercially available gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) that can be used for body MRI cases, and which are classifiable according to their structures (cyclic or linear) or biodistribution (extracellular-space agents, target/specific-agents, and blood-pool agents). The aim of this review is to illustrate the commercially available MRI contrast agents, their effect on imaging, and adverse reaction on the body, with the goal to lead to their proper selection in different clinical contexts. When we have to choose between the different GBCAs, we have to consider several factors: (1) safety and clinical impact; (2) biodistribution and diagnostic application; (3) higher relaxivity and better lesion detection; (4) higher stability and lower tissue deposit; (5) gadolinium dose/concentration and lower volume injection; (6) pulse sequences and protocol optimization; (7) higher contrast-to-noise ratio at 3.0 T than at 1.5 T. Knowing the patient's clinical information, the relevant GBCAs properties and their effect on body MRI sequences are the key features to perform efficient and high-quality MRI examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Iacobellis
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Marco Di Serafino
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Camilla Russo
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, 80122 Naples, Italy;
| | - Roberto Ronza
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Martina Caruso
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Giuseppina Dell’Aversano Orabona
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Costanza Camillo
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Vittorio Sabatino
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Dario Grimaldi
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Chiara Rinaldo
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Luigi Barbuto
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Francesco Verde
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Giuliana Giacobbe
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Maria Laura Schillirò
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
| | - Enrico Scarano
- Department of Radiology, “San Carlo” Hospital, 85100 Potenza, Italy;
| | - Luigia Romano
- Department of General and Emergency Radiology, “A. Cardarelli” Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.S.); (M.C.); (G.D.O.); (C.C.); (V.S.); (D.G.); (C.R.); (L.B.); (F.V.); (G.G.); (M.L.S.); (L.R.)
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Cuccarini V, Savoldi F, Mardor Y, Last D, Pellegatta S, Mazzi F, Bruzzone MG, Anghileri E, Pollo B, Maddaloni L, Russo C, Bocchi E, Pinzi V, Eoli M, Aquino D. Response assessment of GBM during immunotherapy by delayed contrast treatment response assessment maps. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1374737. [PMID: 38651109 PMCID: PMC11033465 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1374737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Assessing the treatment response of glioblastoma multiforme during immunotherapy (IT) is an open issue. Treatment response assessment maps (TRAMs) might help distinguish true tumor progression (TTP) and pseudoprogression (PsP) in this setting. Methods We recruited 16 naïve glioblastoma patients enrolled in a phase II trial consisting of the Stupp protocol (a standardized treatment for glioblastoma involving combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide, followed by adjuvant temozolomide) plus IT with dendritic cells. Patients were followed up till progression or death; seven underwent a second surgery for suspected progression. Clinical, immunological, and MRI data were collected from all patients and histology in case of second surgery. Patients were classified as responders (progression-free survival, PFS > 12 months), and non-responders (PFS ≤ 12), HIGH-NK (natural killer cells, i.e., immunological responders), and LOW-NK (immunological non-responders) based on immune cell counts in peripheral blood. TRAMs differentiate contrast-enhancing lesions with different washout dynamics into hypothesized tumoral (conventionally blue-colored) vs. treatment-related (red-colored). Results Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, a threshold of -0.066 in VBlue/VCE (volume of the blue portion of tumoral area/volume of contrast enhancement) variation between values obtained in the MRI performed before PsP/TTP and at TTP/PSP allowed to discriminate TTP from PsP with a sensitivity of 71.4% and a specificity of 100%. Among HIGH-NK patients, at month 6 there was a significant reduction compared to baseline and month 2 in median "blue" volumes. Discussion In conclusion, in our pilot study TRAMs support the discrimination between tumoral and treatment-related enhancing features in immunological responders vs. non-responders, the distinction between PsP and TTP, and might provide surrogate markers of immunological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Cuccarini
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo Savoldi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Yael Mardor
- Advanced Technology Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Last
- Advanced Technology Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Serena Pellegatta
- Molecular Neuro-Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Mazzi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Anghileri
- Molecular Neuro-Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Bianca Pollo
- Neuro-Pathology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Maddaloni
- Molecular Neuro-Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Russo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e delle Tecnologie dell’Informazione (DIETI), Università Degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisa Bocchi
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Pinzi
- Radiotherapy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Marica Eoli
- Molecular Neuro-Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Aquino
- Neuroradiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
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Brunelli F, Russo C, Giustiniano M, Tron GC. Each Interruption is an Opportunity: Novel Synthetic Strategies Explored Through Interrupted Click Reactions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303844. [PMID: 38408267 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The particular and unique mechanism of the copper-catalyzed reaction between azides and alkynes (CuAAC) has not only allowed for the efficient synthesis of 1,2,3-trisubstituted 1,4-triazoles in excellent yields and under mild conditions, becoming the quintessential click reaction, but it has also enabled the straightforward formation of a metallocycle intermediate, the copper triazolyl. This, under suitable reaction conditions able to suppress its protonolysis, can be used either for the creation of new bicyclic triazolyl structures or for the generation of novel three or four-component reactions. The aim of this review is to rationalize and unify all these transformations, which are collectively referred to as "interrupted click reactions".
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Brunelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Camilla Russo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi, Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi, Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gian Cesare Tron
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
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5
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Russo C, Russomanno P, D'Amore VM, Alfano AI, Santoro F, Guzelj S, Gobec M, Amato J, Pagano B, Marinelli L, Carotenuto A, Tron GC, Di Leva FS, Jakopin Ž, Brancaccio D, Giustiniano M. Discovery of 2,3-Diaminoindole Derivatives as a Novel Class of NOD Antagonists. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3004-3017. [PMID: 38301029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
NOD1 and NOD2 are members of the pattern recognition receptors involved in the innate immune response. Overactivation of NOD1 is implicated in inflammatory disorders, multiple sclerosis, and cancer cell metastases. NOD1 antagonists would represent valuable pharmacological tools to gain further insight into protein roles, potentially leading to new therapeutic strategies. We herein report the expansion of the chemical space of NOD1 antagonists via a multicomponent synthetic approach affording a novel chemotype, namely, 2,3-diaminoindoles. These efforts resulted in compound 37, endowed with low micromolar affinity toward NOD1. Importantly, a proof-of-evidence of direct binding to NOD1 of Noditinib-1 and derivative 37 is provided here for the first time. Additionally, the combination of computational studies and NMR-based displacement assays enabled the characterization of the binding modality of 37 to NOD1, thus providing key unprecedented knowledge for the design of potent and selective NOD1 antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Pasquale Russomanno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Maria D'Amore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Antonella Ilenia Alfano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Federica Santoro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Samo Guzelj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Martina Gobec
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Jussara Amato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Bruno Pagano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Gian Cesare Tron
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio Di Leva
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Žiga Jakopin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Diego Brancaccio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via D. Montesano 49, Naples 80131, Italy
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Iovino P, Lavorgna M, Orlo E, Russo C, De Felice B, Campolattano N, Muscariello L, Fenti A, Chianese S, Isidori M, Musmarra D. An integrated approach for the assessment of the electrochemical oxidation of diclofenac: By-product identification, microbiological and eco-genotoxicological evaluation. Sci Total Environ 2024; 909:168511. [PMID: 37977373 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Diclofenac (DCF), a contaminant of emerging concern, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug widely detected in water bodies, which demonstrated harmful acute and chronic toxicity toward algae, zooplankton and aquatic invertebrates, therefore its removal from impacted water is necessary. DCF is recalcitrant toward traditional treatment technologies, thus, innovative approaches are required. Among them, electrochemical oxidation (EO) has shown promising results. In this research, an innovative multidisciplinary approach is proposed to assess the electrochemical oxidation (EO) of diclofenac from wastewater by integrating the investigations on the removal efficiency and by-product identification with the disinfection capacity and the assessment of the effect on environmental geno-toxicity of by-products generated through the oxidation. The electrochemical treatment successfully degraded DCF by achieving >98 % removal efficiency, operating with NaCl 0.02 M at 50 A m-2. By-product identification analyses showed the formation of five DCF parental compounds generated by decarboxylic and CN cleavage reactions. The disinfection capacity of the EO technique was evaluated by carrying out microbiological tests on pathogens generally found in aquatic environments, including two rod-shaped Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), one rod-shaped Gram-positive bacterium (Bacillus atrophaeus), and one Gram-positive coccus (Enterococcus hirae). Eco-toxicity was evaluated in freshwater organisms (algae, rotifers and crustaceans) belonging to two trophic levels through acute and chronic tests. Genotoxicity tests were carried out by Comet assay, and relative expression levels of catalase, manganese and copper superoxide dismutase genes in crustaceans. Results highlight the effectiveness of EO for the degradation of diclofenac and the inactivation of pathogens; however, the downstream mixture results in being harmful to the aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Iovino
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - M Lavorgna
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - E Orlo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - C Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy.
| | - B De Felice
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - N Campolattano
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - L Muscariello
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - A Fenti
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, Aversa 81031, Italy.
| | - S Chianese
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, Aversa 81031, Italy
| | - M Isidori
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, Italy
| | - D Musmarra
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Roma 29, Aversa 81031, Italy
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7
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Russo C, Donati G, Giustiniano F, Amato J, Marinelli L, Whitby RJ, Giustiniano M. Isocyanides as Catalytic Electron Acceptors in the Visible Light Promoted Oxidative Formation of Benzyl and Acyl Radicals. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301852. [PMID: 37505481 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The recent disclosure of the ability of aromatic isocyanides to harvest visible light and act as single electron acceptors when reacting with tertiary aromatic amines has triggered a renewed interest in their application to the development of green photoredox catalytic methodologies. Accordingly, the present work explores their ability to promote the generation of both alkyl and acyl radicals starting from radical precursors such as Hantzsch esters, potassium alkyltrifluoroborates, and α-oxoacids. Mechanistic studies involving UV-visible absorption and fluorescence experiments, electrochemical measurements of the ground-state redox potentials along with computational calculations of both the ground- and the excited-state redox potentials of a set of nine different aromatic isocyanides provide key insights to promote a rationale design of a new generation of isocyanide-based organic photoredox catalysts. Importantly, the green potential of the investigated chemistry is demonstrated by a direct and easy access to deuterium labeled compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Greta Donati
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Giustiniano
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, SO171BJ, Southampton, UK
| | - Jussara Amato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Richard John Whitby
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, SO171BJ, Southampton, UK
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
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8
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Russo C, Gautier di Confiengo G, Magnacca G, Faga M, Apicella B. Insights on non-exhaust emissions: An approach for the chemical characterization of debris generated during braking. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20672. [PMID: 37842568 PMCID: PMC10568096 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to 50 % of total PM2.5 emissions are due to particles derived from the automotive sector, and both exhaust and non-exhaust emissions contribute to the pollution of urban areas. Fuel incomplete combustion, or lubricant degradation due to high temperatures during the combustion process, are responsible for exhaust emissions. The non-exhaust ones concern brakes, tires and road surface-wear emissions and road resuspension contribution. The present study aims to provide a methodological approach for a detailed chemical characterization of wear friction products by means of a large array of techniques including spectroscopic tools, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), chromatography, morphological and elemental analysis. The dust sample derived from the wear of a brake pad material was collected after a Noise & Vibration Harshness (NVH) test under loads similar to a Worldwide Light vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP) braking cycle. The TGA shows that only a small fraction is burned during the test in an oxidizing environment, testifying that the sample consists mostly of metals (more than 90 %). Fe exhibits the highest concentrations (50-80 %, even in the form of oxides). Also other kinds of metals, such as Zn, Al, Mg, Si, S, Sn, Mn, occur in small quantities (about 1-2% each). This finding is confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The organic fraction of the debris, investigated by means of Raman spectroscopy, has an evident aromatic character, probably due to oxidative phenomena occurring during the braking cycle test. Noteworthy, the extraction of the dust sample with organic solvents, revealed for the first time the presence of ultrafine particles (UFPs), even in the range of few nanometers (nanoparticles), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), recognized as highly toxic compounds. The simultaneous presence of toxic organic carbon and metals makes of concern the non-exhaust emissions and mandatory a deep insight on their structure and detailed composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Russo
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili, CNR, Italy
| | | | - G. Magnacca
- Dipartimento di chimica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - M.G. Faga
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili, CNR, Italy
| | - B. Apicella
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie per l’Energia e la Mobilità Sostenibili, CNR, Italy
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Russo C, Leech MC, Walsh JM, Higham JI, Giannessi L, Lambert E, Kiaku C, Poole DL, Mason J, Goodall CAI, Devo P, Giustiniano M, Radi M, Lam K. eHydrogenation: Hydrogen-free Electrochemical Hydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309563. [PMID: 37540528 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogenation reactions are staple transformations commonly used across scientific fields to synthesise pharmaceuticals, natural products, and various functional materials. However, the vast majority of these reactions require the use of a toxic and costly catalyst leading to unpractical, hazardous and often functionally limited conditions. Herein, we report a new, general, practical, efficient, mild and high-yielding hydrogen-free electrochemical method for the reduction of alkene, alkyne, nitro and azido groups. Finally, this method has been applied to deuterium labelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Russo
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Matthew C Leech
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Jamie M Walsh
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Joe I Higham
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Lisa Giannessi
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma Parco area delle, Scienze 27°, Parma, Italy
| | - Emmanuelle Lambert
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Cyrille Kiaku
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Darren L Poole
- Discovery High-Throughput Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Joseph Mason
- Discovery High-Throughput Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Charles A I Goodall
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Perry Devo
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Marco Radi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma Parco area delle, Scienze 27°, Parma, Italy
| | - Kevin Lam
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Chatham, Kent, ME4 4TB, UK
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Campagna D, Alamo A, Di Pino A, Russo C, Calogero AE, Purrello F, Polosa R. Correction: Smoking and diabetes: dangerous liaisons and confusing relationships. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:117. [PMID: 37264418 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01099-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Campagna
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
- U.O.C. MCAU, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - A Alamo
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Division of Andrology and Endocrinology, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - A Di Pino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - C Russo
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - A E Calogero
- Division of Andrology and Endocrinology, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F Purrello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - R Polosa
- Centro per la Prevenzione e Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, (MEDCLIN), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Russo C, Brunelli F, Cesare Tron G, Giustiniano M. Isocyanide-Based Multicomponent Reactions Promoted by Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203150. [PMID: 36458647 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions claim a one century-old history of flourishing developments. On the other hand, the enormous impact of recent progresses in visible light photocatalysis has boosted the identification of new straightforward and green approaches to both new and known chemical entities. In this context, the application of visible light photocatalytic conditions to multicomponent processes has been promoting key stimulating advancements. Spanning from radical-polar crossover pathways, to photoinduced and self-catalyzed transformations, to reactions involving the generation of imidoyl radical species, the present literature analysis would provide a general and critical overview about the potentialities and challenges of exploiting isocyanides in visible light photocatalytic multicomponent reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Brunelli
- Department of Drug Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Gian Cesare Tron
- Department of Drug Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100, Novara, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy
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Russo C, Brunelli F, Cesare Tron G, Giustiniano M. Frontispiece: Isocyanide‐Based Multicomponent Reactions Promoted by Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis. Chemistry 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202381562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Russo
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II via D. Montesano 49 80131 Napoli Italy
| | - Francesca Brunelli
- Department of Drug Science University of Piemonte Orientale Largo Donegani 2 28100 Novara Italy
| | - Gian Cesare Tron
- Department of Drug Science University of Piemonte Orientale Largo Donegani 2 28100 Novara Italy
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico II via D. Montesano 49 80131 Napoli Italy
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Capasso R, Negro A, Russo C, Zeccolini F, Muto G, Caranci F, Pinto A. Conventional and advanced MRI techniques in the evaluation of primary CNS lymphoma. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2023; 44:126-135. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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Leone G, Muto M, Giordano F, Guarnieri G, Donna AD, Russo C, Romano DG, Candelaresi P, Servillo G, Spina E, Mase AD, Andreone V, Muto M. Initial Experience Using the New pHLO 0.072-inch Large-Bore Catheter for Direct Aspiration Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Neurointervention 2023; 18:30-37. [PMID: 36792060 PMCID: PMC9986350 DOI: 10.5469/neuroint.2022.00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A direct aspiration, first pass technique (ADAPT) has been introduced as a rapid and safe thrombectomy strategy in patients with intracranial large vessel occlusion (LVO). The aim of the study is to determine the technical feasibility, safety, and functional outcome of ADAPT using the newly released large bore pHLO 0.072-inch aspiration catheter (AC; Phenox). MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of data collected prospectively (October 2019-November 2021) from 2 comprehensive stroke centers. Accessibility of the thrombus, vascular recanalization, time to recanalization, and procedure-related complications were evaluated. National Institutes of Health stroke scale scores at presentation and discharge and the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at 90 days post-procedure were recorded. RESULTS Twenty-five patients (14 female, 11 male) with occlusions of the anterior circulation were treated. In 84% of cases, ADAPT led to successful recanalization with a median procedure time of 28 minutes. In the remaining cases, successful recanalization required (to a total of 96%; modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score 2b/3) the use of stent retrievers. No AC-related complications were reported. Other complications included distal migration of the thrombus, requiring a stent-retriever, and symptomatic PH2 hemorrhage in 16% and 4%, respectively. After 3 months, 52% of the patients had mRS scores of 0-2 with an overall mortality rate of 20%. CONCLUSION Results from our retrospective case series revealed that thrombectomy of LVOs with pHLO AC is safe and effective in cases of large-vessel ischemic stroke. Rates of complete or near-complete recanalization after the first pass with this method might be used as a new benchmark in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Leone
- Unit of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Napoli, Italy
| | - Massimo Muto
- Unit of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Napoli, Italy
| | - Flavio Giordano
- Unit of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Napoli, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Guarnieri
- Unit of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Donna
- Unit of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Napoli, Italy
| | - Camilla Russo
- Unit of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniele Giuseppe Romano
- Unit of Neuroradiology, AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Paolo Candelaresi
- Unit of Neurology and Stroke, Department of Emergency and Acceptance, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Servillo
- Unit of Neurology and Stroke, Department of Emergency and Acceptance, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Spina
- Unit of Neurology and Stroke, Department of Emergency and Acceptance, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio De Mase
- Unit of Neurology and Stroke, Department of Emergency and Acceptance, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Andreone
- Unit of Neurology and Stroke, Department of Emergency and Acceptance, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Muto
- Unit of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Advanced Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, A.O.R.N. Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Napoli, Italy
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Finocchiaro G, Eoli M, Gentner B, Bruzzone M, Di Meco F, Mortini P, Olivi A, Naldini L, Russo C, Ciceri F. OS05.6.A Modification of the tumor microenvironment in patients with glioblastoma using autologous, genetically modified, hematopoietic stem cell-based therapy: the TEM-GBM STUDY (NCT03866109). Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Bone marrow-derived macrophages account for substantial GBM tumor volume and contribute to the local inflammatory tumor microenvironment, disease progression and treatment response.
Material and Methods
We have developed a genetically modified, autologous hematopoietic stem cell-based platform designed to deliver Interferon-alpha (IFNa), thanks to a transcriptional and post-transcriptional control mechanism mediated by miRNA target sequences, specifically into the tumor microenvironment via Tie-2 expressing monocytes (Temferon).
Results
As of Feb 2022, 3 escalating doses of Temferon (from 0.5 to 2.0x106/kg) were tested across 15 patients with newly diagnosed, unmethylated MGMT glioblastoma (GBM) assigned to 5 cohorts. The duration of follow-up from surgery is 6 - 28 mo (2 - 25 mo after Temferon). To date, no dose limiting toxicities have been identified. As expected, one month after the administration of the highest tested dose, the hematopoietic system of Temferon-treated patients was composed of up to 30% of CD14+ genetically modified cells, as determined by the presence of vector genomes in the DNA in peripheral blood and bone marrow cells. Temferon-derived progeny persisted, albeit at lower levels, up to 18 months (longest time of analysis). Despite the substantial proportion of engineered cells, very low median concentrations of IFNα were detected in the plasma (D+30, 5.9; D+90, 8.8pg/mL) and in the CSF (D+30, 1.5; D+90, 2.4pg/mL), indicating tight regulation of transgene expression. SAEs were mostly attributed to conditioning chemotherapy (e.g. infections) or disease progression (e.g. seizures). 1 SUSAR (persistent GGT elevation) has occurred. Median OS is 15 mo from surgery (range 6.1-28.4 mo; 10.8 mo post Temferon). Of the 15 pts treated so far, 4 pts belonging to low dose cohorts underwent 2nd surgery. Homing of transduced cells from BM to the tumor site was demonstrated by the presence of gene-marked cells in the specimens collected from 3 of the 4 analyzed pts. Single-cell RNA seq performed on CD45+ cells purified from the TME of Temferon-treated pts compared to recurrent tumors belonging to GBM pts treated as per the current standard of care, highlighted a Temferon signature defined by the induction of markers of IFNa responses and macrophage repolarization. Potential long-term benefit with Temferon was identified in a patient from cohort 3, who had disease progression at D+120 with two distant enhancing lesions, and increased tumor necrosis. One year following Temferon, with no 2nd line therapy added, there was approximately 40% reduction in enhancing tumor volume compared to D+180 with a stable clinical and imaging picture thereafter.
Conclusion
The results provide initial evidence of Temferon’s potential to modulate the TME of GBM patients, and anecdotal evidence for long lasting effects of Temferon in prevention of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Finocchiaro
- Neuro-Oncology Unity - San Raffaele Hospital – Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - M Eoli
- Neuro-Oncology Unit - Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta , Milan , Italy
| | - B Gentner
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget) – Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - M Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Unit - Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta – Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - F Di Meco
- Neurosurgery Unit - Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta – Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - P Mortini
- Neurosurgery Unit - San Raffaele Hospital – Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - A Olivi
- Neurosurgery Unit - Policlinico Gemelli – Roma , Rome , Italy
| | - L Naldini
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget) – Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - C Russo
- Genenta Science , New York, NY , United States
| | - F Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit - San Raffaele Hospital – Milano , Milan , Italy
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Russo C, Camilli S, Martire FG, Di Giovanni A, Lazzeri L, Malzoni M, Zupi E, Exacoustos C. Ultrasound features of highly vascularized uterine myomas (uterine smooth muscle tumors) and correlation with histopathology. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2022; 60:269-276. [PMID: 35018681 DOI: 10.1002/uog.24855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To correlate the ultrasound appearance of highly vascularized uterine myomas with their histopathological diagnosis. METHODS This was a prospective observational study of patients with a preoperative ultrasound diagnosis of a highly vascularized uterine myoma (color score of 3 or 4, according to the Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) criteria), characterized by circumferential and intralesional vascular pattern, who underwent myomectomy or hysterectomy. For each patient, ultrasound characteristics were recorded at baseline, including the number of lesions, the size, echogenicity and border regularity of the lesion, presence of cystic areas and shadowing within the myoma, and visualization of the endometrium. Ultrasound features were correlated with the definitive histological diagnosis. Ultrasound features were then compared between malignant and benign lesions. RESULTS We included 70 patients with highly vascularized uterine myomas on power/color Doppler. Their mean age was 46.5 ± 11.4 years and 13 (18.6%) were postmenopausal. At histological examination, 65 (92.9%) uterine myomas were benign lesions, comprising 32 typical leiomyomas, 29 leiomyoma variants and four adenomyomas. The remaining five (7.1%) uterine myomas were malignant masses, comprising two uterine sarcomas, one leiomyosarcoma, one neuroendocrine tumor and one uterine smooth muscle tumor of uncertain malignant potential (STUMP). The mean age of patients with a malignant lesion was significantly higher than the age of those with a benign lesion (64.8 ± 16.0 vs 42.4 ± 5.1; P < 0.001). Four out of five patients with a malignant lesion were over 45 years old. Ultrasound demonstrated cystic areas within the lesion in 10/32 (31.3%) typical leiomyomas, 16/29 (55.2%) leiomyoma variants, all four adenomyomas and in the cases of STUMP and leiomyosarcoma. Lesion borders were regular in 64/65 (98.5%) benign lesions and 2/5 (40%) malignant lesions (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between benign and malignant lesions with respect to echogenicity, presence of shadowing and size. The endometrium was visible in 55/65 women with benign lesions and in 2/5 with malignant lesions (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that ultrasound features of uterine myomas, such as circumferential and intralesional vascularity, cystic areas and lesion borders, are important parameters for differential diagnosis, especially when combined with the patient's age. Such features could be useful to differentiate typical myomas from benign variants and malignant lesions in a preoperative setting and to select patients that may benefit from conservative management rather than surgery. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Russo
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecological Unit, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - S Camilli
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecological Unit, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - F G Martire
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecological Unit, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - A Di Giovanni
- Endoscopica Malzoni, Center for Advanced Endoscopic Pelvic Surgery, Avellino, Italy
| | - L Lazzeri
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Malzoni
- Endoscopica Malzoni, Center for Advanced Endoscopic Pelvic Surgery, Avellino, Italy
| | - E Zupi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - C Exacoustos
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecological Unit, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
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Russo C, Muto G, Giordano F, Masala S, Muto M. Imaging of Common Spinal Cord Diseases. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2022; 26:510-520. [PMID: 36103892 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1755345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord evaluation is an integral part of spine assessment, and its reliable imaging work-up is mandatory because even localized lesions may produce serious effects with potentially irreversible sequelae. Spinal cord alterations are found both incidentally during spine evaluation in otherwise neurologically asymptomatic patients or during neurologic/neuroradiologic assessment in myelopathic patients. Myelopathy (an umbrella term for any neurologic deficit that refers to spinal cord impairment) can be caused by intrinsic lesions or extrinsic mechanical compression, and its etiology may be both traumatic and/or nontraumatic. The symptoms largely depend on the size/extension of lesions, ranging from incontinence to ataxia, from spasticity to hyperreflexia, from numbness to weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging is the reference imaging modality in spinal cord evaluation, ensuring the best signal and spatial resolution. We provide an overview of the most common spinal cord disorders encountered by radiologists and describe the technical measures that offer optimal spinal cord visualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Russo
- Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Dipartimento delle Tecnologie Avanzate Diagnostico-Terapeutiche e dei Servizi sanitari, A.O.R.N. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), Università Degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Muto
- Service de Radiologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Flavio Giordano
- Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Dipartimento delle Tecnologie Avanzate Diagnostico-Terapeutiche e dei Servizi sanitari, A.O.R.N. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Masala
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Molecular Imaging, Interventional Radiology and Radiation Therapy, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Muto
- Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Unit, Dipartimento delle Tecnologie Avanzate Diagnostico-Terapeutiche e dei Servizi sanitari, A.O.R.N. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
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18
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Russo C, Conway F, Siciliano T, Selntigia A, Giuseppe Martire F, Soreca G, Ticconi C, Exacoustos C. 3D transvaginal ultrasound diagnosis of uterine septa according to different classifications: are there other measurements that correlate to reproductive outcome in small indentation length? Facts Views Vis Obgyn 2022; 14:129-138. [DOI: 10.52054/fvvo.14.2.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: High discrepancy between current classifications was observed in the definition of uterine septa, especially for indentation lengths >5 <10mm.
Objectives: To assess the discrepancy between current classifications in the diagnoses of septate uterus and to correlate them with reproductive outcomes; to detect 3D transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) additional measurements, which can better correlate small indentation lengths >5 <10mm to reproductive failures.
Material and methods: Observational study enrolling 664 women of reproductive age with 3D ultrasound diagnosis of an indentation length ≥3mm. For each patient a detailed reproductive history was taken before performing 3D transvaginal examination. Patients with previous uterine surgery or metroplasty were excluded.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Indentation lengths >5 <10mm showed high discrepancy in the diagnosis of uterine septum between different classifications. For these small indentations additional 3D measurements (indentation angle, septal width and septal length/ fundal myometrial thickness (L/M) ratio) were correlated to infertility and recurrent miscarriage.
Results: Among the cohort, 215 patients showed an indentation length >5 <10mm; 136 tried to conceive: 69 (51%) were infertile, 38 (28%) had recurrent miscarriages (≥2) and 5 (4%) had at least one delivery. Recurrent miscarriage significantly correlated to an indentation angle >134°; whereas infertility to an indentation width <32mm and a L/M ratio >75%.
Conclusions: Wide discrepancies between different classifications are more evident in indentation lengths >5 <10mm. Additional measurements on 3D coronal section may help to evaluate the risk of infertility or recurrent miscarriage.
What is new? Additional 3D TVS measurements, beyond septal lengths, in particular for small fundal indentation, may help in predicting the risk of developing adverse reproductive outcomes.
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Musumeci L, Maugeri A, Russo C, Lombardo GE, Cirmi S, Navarra M. Citrus Flavonoids and Autoimmune Diseases: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies. Curr Med Chem 2022; 30:2191-2204. [PMID: 35770398 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220629144744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune diseases are chronic disorders in which the immune system does not recognize and attacks one self's healthy components. In this context, although natural remedies might represent a promising therapeutic strategy, evidence regarding Citrus flavonoids is still controversial. OBJECTIVE To summarize and critically discuss the clinical evidence on the effects of Citrus flavonoids for the management of autoimmune diseases. METHOD A systematic review of articles has been carried out independently by two Authors using MEDLINE, Scopus and ISI Web of Science databases. Search terms comprised keywords related to Citrus flavonoids and autoimmune diseases. The last search was performed on March 16, 2021. No language restrictions were applied. Systematic review and study selection were conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Before starting the review, Authors defined the types of articles to be included. Three reviewers independently carried out the extraction of papers. RESULTS Ten clinical studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the final review. CONCLUSION The studies discussed in this review are heterogeneous. Indeed, some studies suggest the use of Citrus flavonoids in the frame of autoimmune disorders, whereas others discourage it. Hence, this systematic review highlights the need of further large-scale clinical studies to define the exact role of Citrus flavonoids in the management of autoimmune diseases (PROSPERO number CRD42021234903).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Musumeci
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - A Maugeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - C Russo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Prof. Antonio Imbesi" Foundation, Messina, Italy
| | - G E Lombardo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - S Cirmi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - M Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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20
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Abstract
The use of water in organic synthesis draws attention to its green chemistry features and its unique ability to unveil unconventional reactivities. Herein, literature about the use of water as a reaction medium under visible-light photocatalytic conditions is summarized in order to highlight challenges and opportunities. Accordingly, this Synopsis has been divided into four different sections focused on (1) the unconventional role of water in photocatalytic reactions, (2) in-/on-water reactions, (3) water-soluble photocatalysts, and (4) photomicellar catalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesca Brunelli
- Department of Drug Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Gian Cesare Tron
- Department of Drug Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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21
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Álvarez P, Palau A, Russo C, Nieto E. Predictors of rehospitalization in Psychotic Patients after their first hospitalization. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9566896 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
It is important to determine those clinical factors that imply a greater risk of rehospitalization in psychotic patients
Objectives
To determine the rate and predictors of rehospitalization in psychotic patients after their first hospitalization
Methods
We include all Psychotic patients admitted for first time in their life in our Psychiatric Unit between 2009 and 2019 (N=359) , including all diagnosed according DSM-IV of Schizophrenia or other Psychotic disorders -Multiple clinical, sociodemographic and biological variables of the basal hospitalization were recorded With the SPSS program we compared the variables between patients who needed any hospitalization in the follow-up until 31th December 2019 and those who do not. We use the Chi square ( qualitative variables) and the Student T ( quantitative variables)
Results
109 psychotic inpatients had at least one rehospitalizations (30,4%). The qualitative variables significantly associated with rehospitalization were : cannabis in urine at admission (P<0.03), and treatment with risperidone (P<0.014). Instead treatment with long acting paliperidone was associated with absence of rehospitalization (P<0.005) .The quantitative variables relationed significantly with multiple rehospitalization were : lower age (P<0,015) lower HDL cholesterol levels (P<0.02) and higher years of follow-up after discharge (P<0.000)
Conclusions
1-More of 30% of psychotic patients need rehospitalization after their first hospitalization in a mean of follow up of 5,8 years 2-Lower age, longer follow-up period and treatment with risperidone are significantly associated with rehospitalization , instead treatment with long acting paliperidone are significantly associated with absence of rehospitalization
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
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22
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De Marzo V, Barbara C, Maragliano P, Lotti R, Guglielmi G, Porcile A, Russo C, Griffo R, Makikallio T, Hautala A, Porto I, Clavario P. P366 EFFECTS OF EXERCISE REHABILITATION IN PATIENTS WITH LONG COVID–19. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022. [PMCID: PMC9384063 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suac012.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Moving from the first COVID–19 pandemic to the chronic phase of COVID–19, more than 50 long–term detrimental effects have been recognized in the so–called long COVID–19 syndrome. The exact mechanisms underlying the exercise capacity reduction and functional limitations are unknown, however, rehabilitation could play a pivotal role. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a combination of aerobic and resistance training performed in the same session for 8 weeks could be well–tolerated and effective in long COVID–19 patients with reduced exercise capacity [(<85% of predicted peak aerobic capacity (VO2peak)] at 3–month from hospital discharge after COVID–19. The exercise training program included 3 exercise sessions per week. Each session included: a) aerobic exercise (starting at 30 min and increasing to 60 min) with 5 min warm–up and 5–min cool down; b) nine major muscle group resistance exercises (for the lower extremity: leg extension/flexion, abduction/adduction, and leg press; for the upper extremity: push–up/pull–down; for the core muscles: abdomen, back). The intensity of aerobic exercise was defined according to VO2peaktest results targeting the 80% level of lactate threshold in Watts. Resistance training load was determined for each muscle groups according to the results of the maximal dynamic strength testing (1RM; one repetition maximum) and was confirmed and updated after 4 weeks by defining new 1RM values. Resistance training prescription loading was defined as 40% of 1RM, 2 sets (3 sets for last two weeks) and 12 repetitions for each muscle group. The duration of a single training session was approximately 90 min. Out of 220 patients screened, 50 patients (aged 55.8±9.7 years, 15 women, body mass index 26.6±5.2 kg/m2) were enrolled. Mean exercise training sessions was 66.1±34.0; none of the patients dropped out from the study. VO2peak increased 15% and peak ventilation 9% (p < 0.001 for both). After the training program, mean percentage of VO2peak significantly increased (+14.2%, p < 0.001). Muscle strength increased markedly for all major muscle groups ranging from 16% to 33% increase (p < 0.010). An exercise rehabilitation with combined aerobic and resistance exercises for 8 weeks increases markedly both cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal fitness in long COVID–19 patients. These results may highlight the importance of regular exercise rehabilitation aiming to promote daily activities, independent living, and better quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- V De Marzo
- UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA – IRCCS OSPEDALE POLICLINICO SAN MARTINO, GENOVA; AZIENDA SANITARIA LOCALE, ASL 3 GENOVESE, GENOVA; FACULTY OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND, OULU
| | - C Barbara
- UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA – IRCCS OSPEDALE POLICLINICO SAN MARTINO, GENOVA; AZIENDA SANITARIA LOCALE, ASL 3 GENOVESE, GENOVA; FACULTY OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND, OULU
| | - P Maragliano
- UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA – IRCCS OSPEDALE POLICLINICO SAN MARTINO, GENOVA; AZIENDA SANITARIA LOCALE, ASL 3 GENOVESE, GENOVA; FACULTY OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND, OULU
| | - R Lotti
- UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA – IRCCS OSPEDALE POLICLINICO SAN MARTINO, GENOVA; AZIENDA SANITARIA LOCALE, ASL 3 GENOVESE, GENOVA; FACULTY OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND, OULU
| | - G Guglielmi
- UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA – IRCCS OSPEDALE POLICLINICO SAN MARTINO, GENOVA; AZIENDA SANITARIA LOCALE, ASL 3 GENOVESE, GENOVA; FACULTY OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND, OULU
| | - A Porcile
- UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA – IRCCS OSPEDALE POLICLINICO SAN MARTINO, GENOVA; AZIENDA SANITARIA LOCALE, ASL 3 GENOVESE, GENOVA; FACULTY OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND, OULU
| | - C Russo
- UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA – IRCCS OSPEDALE POLICLINICO SAN MARTINO, GENOVA; AZIENDA SANITARIA LOCALE, ASL 3 GENOVESE, GENOVA; FACULTY OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND, OULU
| | - R Griffo
- UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA – IRCCS OSPEDALE POLICLINICO SAN MARTINO, GENOVA; AZIENDA SANITARIA LOCALE, ASL 3 GENOVESE, GENOVA; FACULTY OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND, OULU
| | - T Makikallio
- UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA – IRCCS OSPEDALE POLICLINICO SAN MARTINO, GENOVA; AZIENDA SANITARIA LOCALE, ASL 3 GENOVESE, GENOVA; FACULTY OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND, OULU
| | - A Hautala
- UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA – IRCCS OSPEDALE POLICLINICO SAN MARTINO, GENOVA; AZIENDA SANITARIA LOCALE, ASL 3 GENOVESE, GENOVA; FACULTY OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND, OULU
| | - I Porto
- UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA – IRCCS OSPEDALE POLICLINICO SAN MARTINO, GENOVA; AZIENDA SANITARIA LOCALE, ASL 3 GENOVESE, GENOVA; FACULTY OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND, OULU
| | - P Clavario
- UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI GENOVA – IRCCS OSPEDALE POLICLINICO SAN MARTINO, GENOVA; AZIENDA SANITARIA LOCALE, ASL 3 GENOVESE, GENOVA; FACULTY OF SPORTS AND HEALTH SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ, FINLAND, OULU
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23
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Settepani F, Cappai A, Cannata A, Merlanti B, Carrozzini M, Olivieri G, Costetti A, Russo C. P44 PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY AFTER ACUTE TYPE A AORTIC DISSECTION REPAIR IN PATIENTS OF 70 YEARS OF AGE OR OLDER. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suac012.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The impact of age on outcomes of acute type A aortic dissection remains controversial. We sought to investigate 30–day and follow–up outcomes of acute type A aortic dissection repair in elderly patients. Survival anlysis was performed and independent risk factors for mortality were searched.
Methods
During a 21–year period (2000–2021), 102 patients of 70 years of age or older were emergently treated for acute type A aortic dissection at our institution. (mean age 75.1 ± 3.8 years, 53.9% male) Preoperative characteristics are displayed in Table I.
Results
Overall 30–day mortality (including operative mortality) was 21.6%. Mortality increased among patients presenting with atrial fibrillation (adjusted odds ratio 10.33, P = 0.02) and visceral malperfution (adjusted odds ratio 70.88, P = 0.005). Survival at 1, 5 and 10 years was 70.2 ± 4.6%, 50.9 ± 5.6% and 24.1 ± 5.6%, respectively (Figure 1). The need to perform concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting was the only independent risk factor for mortality during follow–up. (adjusted odds ratio 2.21, P = 0.04)
Conclusions
Thirty –day and follow–up mortality were extremely satisfactory in elderly patients undergoing acute type A dissection repair. We could detect significant disease and surgery–related risk factors for death. Patients presenting with atrial fibrillation or visceral malperfusion had the poorest 30–day outcome. The need to perform concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting, significantly increased the mortality during follow–up.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Settepani
- ASST GRANDE OSPEDALE METROPOLITANO NIGUARDA, MILANO
| | - A Cappai
- ASST GRANDE OSPEDALE METROPOLITANO NIGUARDA, MILANO
| | - A Cannata
- ASST GRANDE OSPEDALE METROPOLITANO NIGUARDA, MILANO
| | - B Merlanti
- ASST GRANDE OSPEDALE METROPOLITANO NIGUARDA, MILANO
| | - M Carrozzini
- ASST GRANDE OSPEDALE METROPOLITANO NIGUARDA, MILANO
| | - G Olivieri
- ASST GRANDE OSPEDALE METROPOLITANO NIGUARDA, MILANO
| | - A Costetti
- ASST GRANDE OSPEDALE METROPOLITANO NIGUARDA, MILANO
| | - C Russo
- ASST GRANDE OSPEDALE METROPOLITANO NIGUARDA, MILANO
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24
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Giannico OV, Baldacci S, Fragnelli GR, Desiante F, Battista T, Calamai C, Caputi G, Cipriani R, Faino A, Francioso F, Giorgino A, Mastronuzzi L, Russo C, Sponselli GM, Terlizzi EM, Menna AD, Rizzi R, Bisceglia L, Conversano M. Densità di popolazione e SARS-CoV-2: uno studio epidemiologico di urban health. Ig Sanita Pubbl 2022; 78:23-35. [PMID: 35370294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite SARS-CoV-2 transmission being a complex phenomenon, greater population density seems to be a risk factor. The aim of this study was to analyze through an epidemiologic urban health approach the relationship between population density and SARS-CoV-2 incidence using data which are comparable with regard to testing strategies. All 10,300 SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases between October and December 2020 were included. We conducted separate analysis by gender standardizing and stratifying by age and month. In the Province Capital (p.d.=765 inhabitants/km2), standardized SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate was higher than the expected, both in men (SIR=1.17, 95%CI=1.12;1.22, p<0.0001) and women (SIR=1.20, 95%CI=1.15;1.25, p<0.0001). In municipalities with p.d. >200 inhabitants/km2, standardized SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate was similar to the expected (p>0.05). In municipalities with p.d. <200 inhabitants/km2, standardized SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate was lower than the expected, both in men (SIR=0.85, 95%CI=0.81;0.90, p<0.0001) and women (SIR=0.84, 95%CI=0.80;0.88, p<0.0001). Stratified analysis by months with likelihood ratio test showed heterogeneity of the p.d. effect in men and women (p<0.05). SARS-CoV-2 incidence rate seemed to be higher in most densely populated areas, both in men and women. Our results confirmed the great importance of restrictive measures as well as the importance of limiting the epidemic wave in the initial stages and could help guide pandemic management strategies according to urban context and population density.
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Affiliation(s)
- O V Giannico
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - S Baldacci
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - G R Fragnelli
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - F Desiante
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - T Battista
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - C Calamai
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - G Caputi
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - R Cipriani
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - A Faino
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - F Francioso
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - A Giorgino
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - L Mastronuzzi
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - C Russo
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - G M Sponselli
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - E M Terlizzi
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - A D Menna
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - R Rizzi
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
| | - L Bisceglia
- Area Epidemiologia e Care Intelligence, Agenzia Regionale Strategica per la Salute e il Sociale della Puglia, Bari, Italy
| | - M Conversano
- Dipartimento di Prevenzione, ASL Taranto, Taranto, Italy
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25
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Rimeika G, Saba L, Arthimulam G, Della Gatta L, Davidovic K, Bonetti M, Franco D, Russo C, Muto M. Metanalysis on the effectiveness of low back pain treatment with oxygen-ozone mixture: Comparison between image-guided and non-image-guided injection techniques. Eur J Radiol Open 2021; 8:100389. [PMID: 34934778 PMCID: PMC8654796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2021.100389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder affecting an increasing number of people worldwide, whose diagnosis is focused on the identification of triggering causes. First line therapy usually starts from conservative approaches, whereas second line treatments include a spectrum of minimally invasive techniques, before resorting to more invasive surgical approaches. Among minimally invasive techniques, percutaneous oxygen-ozone injections represent one of the most common and cost-effective procedures. Aim of this study is to provide a metanalysis on literature evidences on percutaneous oxygen-ozone injections, comparing image-guided to non-image-guided techniques for LBP treatment. Imaging-guided procedures showed better performances compared to non-image-guided techniques based only on anatomical landmarks, with higher therapeutic efficacy and lower age-related variability in clinical results.
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Key Words
- BPI, Brief Pain Inventory
- CT, Computed Tomography
- Chemodiscolysis
- DSA, Digital Subtraction Angiography
- IF, Impact Factor
- LBP, Low back pain
- LDH, Lumbar Disc Hernia
- Low back pain
- Lumbar disc herniation
- MRI, Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Meta-analysis
- ODI, Oswestry Disability Index
- PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines
- Pain
- Percutaneous oxygen-ozone injection
- RMDQ, Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire
- Sciatica
- US, ultrasonography
- VAS, Visual Analogue Scale for pain
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustas Rimeika
- Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Medical Physics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Cagliari-Polo di Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ganesan Arthimulam
- Interventional Radiology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Kuala Lumpur General Hospital, Malaysia
| | | | - Kristina Davidovic
- Clinical Centre of Serbia, Institute for Radiology, Emergency Room Department, Serbia
| | - Matteo Bonetti
- Department of Neuroradiology, Istituto Clinico Città di Brescia, Italy
| | - Donatella Franco
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Camilla Russo
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.R.N. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Muto
- Department of Neuroradiology, A.O.R.N. Cardarelli, Naples, Italy
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26
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Russo C, Amato J, Tron GC, Giustiniano M. The Dark Side of Isocyanides: Visible-Light Photocatalytic Activity in the Oxidative Functionalization of C(sp 3)-H Bonds. J Org Chem 2021; 86:18117-18127. [PMID: 34851118 PMCID: PMC8689654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The possibility to harness aromatic isocyanides as visible-light photocatalysts in the α-amino C(sp3)-H functionalization is herein presented. Actually, the three-component cross-dehydrogenative coupling of aromatic tertiary amines with isocyanides and water leads to amide products under very mild conditions in high yields and with a good substrate scope. While the reaction with aromatic isocyanides proceeds upon direct photoexcitation, aliphatic isocyanides are able to form a photoactive electron-donor-acceptor complex with aromatic amines. Moreover, the use of a catalytic loading of an aromatic isocyanide promotes the oxidative coupling of N-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline with an array of different (pro)nucleophiles in good to excellent yields, thus providing the proof-of-concept for the development of a new highly tunable class of organic visible-light photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Jussara Amato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gian Cesare Tron
- Department of Drug Science, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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27
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Barravecchia I, Barresi E, Russo C, Scebba F, De Cesari C, Mignucci V, De Luca D, Salerno S, La Pietra V, Giustiniano M, Pelliccia S, Brancaccio D, Donati G, Da Settimo F, Taliani S, Angeloni D, Marinelli L. Enriching the Arsenal of Pharmacological Tools against MICAL2. Molecules 2021; 26:7519. [PMID: 34946600 PMCID: PMC8709466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecule interacting with CasL 2 (MICAL2), a cytoskeleton dynamics regulator, are strongly expressed in several human cancer types, especially at the invasive front, in metastasizing cancer cells and in the neo-angiogenic vasculature. Although a plethora of data exist and stress a growing relevance of MICAL2 to human cancer, it is worth noting that only one small-molecule inhibitor, named CCG-1423 (1), is known to date. Herein, with the aim to develop novel MICAL2 inhibitors, starting from CCG-1423 (1), a small library of new compounds was synthetized and biologically evaluated on human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) and on renal cell adenocarcinoma (786-O) cells. Among the novel compounds, 10 and 7 gave interesting results in terms of reduction in cell proliferation and/or motility, whereas no effects were observed in MICAL2-knocked down cells. Aside from the interesting biological activities, this work provides the first structure-activity relationships (SARs) of CCG-1423 (1), thus providing precious information for the discovery of new MICAL2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Barravecchia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (I.B.); (F.S.); (C.D.C.); (V.M.); (D.D.L.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (S.S.); (F.D.S.)
| | - Elisabetta Barresi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (S.S.); (F.D.S.)
| | - Camilla Russo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Francesca Scebba
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (I.B.); (F.S.); (C.D.C.); (V.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Chiara De Cesari
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (I.B.); (F.S.); (C.D.C.); (V.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Valerio Mignucci
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (I.B.); (F.S.); (C.D.C.); (V.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Davide De Luca
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (I.B.); (F.S.); (C.D.C.); (V.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Silvia Salerno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (S.S.); (F.D.S.)
| | - Valeria La Pietra
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Sveva Pelliccia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Diego Brancaccio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Greta Donati
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
| | - Federico Da Settimo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (S.S.); (F.D.S.)
| | - Sabrina Taliani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (E.B.); (S.S.); (F.D.S.)
| | - Debora Angeloni
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (I.B.); (F.S.); (C.D.C.); (V.M.); (D.D.L.)
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (V.L.P.); (M.G.); (S.P.); (D.B.); (G.D.)
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Aitichou M, Pretet-Flammand E, Albrand G, Terret C, Russo C. Improvement of care by pharmaceutical interview during the multidimensional geriatric assessment: results of a retrospective study conducted at the Centre Léon Bérard. J Geriatr Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1879-4068(21)00410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Giustiniano M, Russo C, Cannalire R, Luciano P, Brunelli F, Tron GC. Visible-Light Photocatalytic Ugi/Aza-Wittig Cascade towards 2-Aminomethyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole Derivatives. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1543-3924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AbstractA new visible-light photocatalytic multicomponent reaction (MCR) involving N-alkyl-N-methylanilines, N-isocyanoiminotriphenylphosphorane, and carboxylic acids leading to 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives is reported. The developed mild reaction conditions enable a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance, as further highlighted in the late-stage functionalization of amino acids and drugs. Additionally, a two-step one-pot protocol for the synthesis of non-symmetrical diacylhydrazines is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camilla Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II
| | | | - Paolo Luciano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II
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Romano F, Barbato C, Arundine D, Ambrosio F, Ronga R, Failla G, Moccia L, Corcione N, Guggino G, Raucci A, Romano L, Campione S, De Dominicis G, Santoriello C, Tinto A, Russo C, De Michele F, Russo A, Starace A, Riccardi F. 13P High neutrophils-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) predicts poor survival of high-PD-L1-expressing metastatic non-small cell lung carcinoma patients undergoing first-line immunotherapy with pembrolizumab. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Brunelli F, Russo C, Galli U, Giustiniano M, Tron GC. Multicomponent reaction between (Z)-chloroximes, isocyanides and NH-heterocyclic rings. Tetrahedron Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2021.153513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cannalire R, Santoro F, Russo C, Graziani G, Tron GC, Carotenuto A, Brancaccio D, Giustiniano M. Photomicellar Catalyzed Synthesis of Amides from Isocyanides: Optimization, Scope, and NMR Studies of Photocatalyst/Surfactant Interactions. ACS Org Inorg Au 2021; 2:66-74. [PMID: 36855402 PMCID: PMC9954382 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.1c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The merging of micellar and photoredox catalysis represents a key issue to promote "in water" photochemical transformations. A photomicellar catalyzed synthesis of amides from N-methyl-N-alkyl aromatic amines and both aliphatic and aromatic isocyanides is herein presented. The mild reaction conditions enabled a wide substrate scope and a good functional groups tolerance, as further shown in the late-stage functionalization of complex bioactive scaffolds. Furthermore, solution 1D and 2D NMR experiments performed, for the first time, in the presence of paramagnetic probes enabled the study of the reaction environment at the atomic level along with the localization of the photocatalyst with respect to the micelles, thus providing experimental data to drive the identification of optimum photocatalyst/surfactant pairing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando Cannalire
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico
II, via D. Montesano
49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Federica Santoro
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico
II, via D. Montesano
49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Camilla Russo
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico
II, via D. Montesano
49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Giulia Graziani
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico
II, via D. Montesano
49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gian Cesare Tron
- Department
of Drug Science, University of Piemonte
Orientale, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Alfonso Carotenuto
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico
II, via D. Montesano
49, 80131 Napoli, Italy,
| | - Diego Brancaccio
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico
II, via D. Montesano
49, 80131 Napoli, Italy,
| | - Mariateresa Giustiniano
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico
II, via D. Montesano
49, 80131 Napoli, Italy,
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De Marzo V, Clavario P, Lotti R, Barbara C, Porcile A, Guglielmi G, Russo C, Autala AJ, Griffo R, Parati G, Corra' U, Porto I. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in COVID-19 patients at 3 months follow-up. Eur Heart J 2021. [PMCID: PMC8767621 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term effects of Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) and their sustainability are of the utmost relevance. For the chronic phase, the main concerns are the development of pulmonary interstitial disease and/or lingering cardiovascular involvement. How to intercept, assess, and treat these patients with long-term consequences of COVID-19 remains uncertain. Purpose We aimed to determine: 1) functional capacity of COVID-19 survivors by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET); 2) those characteristics associated with CPET performance; 3) safety and tolerability of CPET. Methods We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 discharged alive at a single hospital in northern Italy. At 3-month from hospital discharge, complete clinical evaluation, trans-thoracic echocardiography, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), pulmonary function test (PFT), and dominant leg extension (DLE) maximal strength evaluation were performed. Results From 225 patients discharged from March to November 2020 we excluded 12 incomplete/missing cases, and 13 unable to perform CPET leading to a final population of 200 patients. At PFT all median parameters were within normality range. Median percent-predicted peak oxygen uptake (%pVO2) was 88% (78.3–103.1). Ninety-nine (49.5%) patients had %pVO2 below, whereas 101 (50.5%) above the 85% predicted value (indicating normality). Sixteen (16.2%) patients had respiratory, 28 (28.9%) cardiac, 21 (21.2%) mixed-cardiopulmonary, and 34 (34.3%) non-cardiopulmonary limitation of exercise. One-hundred sixty (80.0%) patients complain at least one symptom, without relationship with peakVO2. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed percent-predicted forced expiratory volume in one-second (β=5.29, p=0.023), percent-predicted diffusing capacity of lungs for carbon monoxide (β=6.31, p=0.001), and DLE maximal strength (β=14.09, p=0.008) independently associated with peakVO2. At sensitivity analysis, the results of previous multivariate linear regression analysis were also similar among sub-groups of patients with no previous significant disease in anamnesis (cardiovascular disease except for arterial hypertension, respiratory disease, kidney disease, or cancer) and of those with a length of hospital stay ≤7 days. None major event was reported during/after CPET, whereas only two cases (1.0%) had a mild symptomatic hypotension post exercise. None of the involved health professionals developed COVID-19. Conclusions CPET after COVID-19 is safe and about 1/3rd of COVID-19 survivors show functional capacity limitation mainly explained by muscular impairment, calling for future research to identify patients at higher risk of long-term effects that may benefit from careful surveillance and targeted rehabilitation. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.
Types of mainly CPET limitation ![]() Peak VO2 per leg extension strength ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- V De Marzo
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Cardiology Unit, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Genoa, Italy
| | - P Clavario
- Asl 3, Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - R Lotti
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Cardiology Unit, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Genoa, Italy
| | - C Barbara
- Asl 3, Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Porcile
- Asl 3, Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Guglielmi
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Cardiology Unit, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Genoa, Italy
| | - C Russo
- Asl 3, Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - A J Autala
- University of Jyvaskyla, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - R Griffo
- Asl 3, Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Parati
- University of Milan-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Milan, Italy
| | - U Corra'
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Department of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Veruno, Italy
| | - I Porto
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Cardiology Unit, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Department, Genoa, Italy
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Russo C, Caponnetto P, Cibella F, Maglia M, Alamo A, Campagna D, Frittitta L, Di Mauro M, Leotta C, Mondati E, Krysiński A, Franek E, Polosa R. A double blind randomized controlled trial investigating efficacy and safety of varenicline for smoking cessation in patients with type 2 diabetes: study protocol. Intern Emerg Med 2021; 16:1823-1839. [PMID: 33735416 PMCID: PMC8502165 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-021-02684-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Reducing exposure to cigarette smoke is an imperative for public health and for diabetic patients. Patients with diabetes who continue to smoke face challenges at quitting and the delivery of effective smoking cessation interventions is a major unmet need. The high-affinity α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist varenicline in combination with counseling is effective for smoking cessation, but evidence in patients with diabetes is limited. A clinical trial of varenicline targeted specifically at smokers with T2DM is warranted. This randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial will be the first study to test efficacy and safety of varenicline in smokers with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) over the course of 52 weeks. We hypothesize that varenicline treatment (1 mg BID, administered for 12 weeks) would increase quit rates, maintain smoking abstinence up to 1 year after treatment, and be well-tolerated in T2DM smokers intending to quit. Efficacy end points will include carbon monoxide-confirmed continuous abstinence rate (CAR) and 7-day point prevalence of abstinence. The results of this RCT will help inform medical/health authorities and physicians worldwide whether an optimally varenicline-treated cohort of T2DM patients who smoke will experience significant success rates, without significant side effects.Trial registration NCT01387425 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01387425 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- C Russo
- Ambulatorio Di Diabetologia, UOC Medicina Interna E D'Urgenza, Policlinico Universitario, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - P Caponnetto
- Centro Per La Prevenzione E Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V.Emanuele" Dell'Università Di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - F Cibella
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council of Italy, Palermo, Italy
| | - M Maglia
- Centro Per La Prevenzione E Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V.Emanuele" Dell'Università Di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - A Alamo
- Centro Diabetologico - UOC Andrologia Ed Endocrinologia, Policlinico Universitario, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - D Campagna
- Ambulatorio Di Diabetologia, UOC Medicina Interna E D'Urgenza, Policlinico Universitario, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
- UOC MCAU, University Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - L Frittitta
- Centro Per Il Diabete E L'Obesità - UOC Endocrinologia, Ospedale Garibaldi Nesima, ARNAS Garibaldi, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Sperimentale, Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - M Di Mauro
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Sperimentale, Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy
- Ambulatorio Di Diabetologia, Ospedale V. Emanuele, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - C Leotta
- Ambulatorio Di Diabetologia - UOC Geriatria, Ospedale Cannizzaro, Catania, Italy
| | - E Mondati
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Sperimentale, Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy
- UOS Sorveglianza Delle Complicanze Delle Malattie Metaboliche, Ospedale S. Marta, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy
| | - A Krysiński
- Mossakowski Clinical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital MSWiA, Warsaw, Poland
| | - E Franek
- Mossakowski Clinical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital MSWiA, Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Polosa
- Ambulatorio Di Diabetologia, UOC Medicina Interna E D'Urgenza, Policlinico Universitario, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", Catania, Italy.
- Centro Per La Prevenzione E Cura del Tabagismo (CPCT), Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-V.Emanuele" Dell'Università Di Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy.
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Sperimentale, Università Di Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Russo C, Di Lullo AM, Cantone E, Klain M, Motta G, Elefante A, Cavaliere M. Combining Thin-Section Coronal and Axial Diffusion Weighted Imaging: Good Practice in Middle Ear Cholesteatoma Neuroimaging. Front Neurol 2021; 12:606692. [PMID: 34557138 PMCID: PMC8454914 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.606692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Russo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate - Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Miriam Di Lullo
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive e Odontostomatologiche - Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,CEINGE - Advanced Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Cantone
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive e Odontostomatologiche - Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Klain
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate - Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Motta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Anestesiologiche, Chirurgiche e dell'Emergenza - Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Elefante
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche Avanzate - Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Cavaliere
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive e Odontostomatologiche - Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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Salzano G, Dell'Aversana Orabona G, Abbate V, Vaira LA, Committeri U, Bonavolontà P, Piombino P, Maglitto F, Russo C, Russo D, Varricchio S, Attanasi F, Turri-Zanoni M, de Riu G, Califano L. The prognostic role of the pre-treatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and tumor depth of invasion (DOI) in early-stage squamous cell carcinomas of the oral tongue. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 26:21-32. [PMID: 34106358 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-021-00969-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The appropriate surgical management of early-stage oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) remains a debated topic. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of the pre-treatment neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and tumor depth of invasion (DOI) in predicting the presence of occult neck metastases in early-stage OTSCC. A retrospective analysis of patients affected by early-stage (cT1-T2 cN0) OTSCC who were submitted to elective neck dissection (END) was performed. Tumors were classified retrospectively according to the 8th TNM classification, the DOI was assessed on the pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging, and the pre-treatment NLR was calculated for each patient. A logistic regression model to estimate the probability π (x) of cervical metastases by studying the NLR and DOI was carried out. Next, the correlation between the two variables, the NLR and DOI, was preliminarily studied. A cohort of 110 patients was analyzed (mean age, 62 years old; male to female ratio 1.2:1). The patients were staged as cT1 in 53 cases and cT2 in 57 cases. A DOI greater than 5.4 mm and a NLR greater than 2.93 are associated with an increased risk of presenting occult cervical metastases. Furthermore, the variables NLR and DOI are linearly associated with a positive correlation, proved by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient rho of 0.64, with a unitary increase in the DOI of 1 mm directly associated with an increase of 0.47 in the NLR. The DOI and NLR can be effectively used to predict the occurrence of occult neck metastasis and therefore to plan an END in early-stage OTSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Salzano
- Department Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Dell'Aversana Orabona
- Department Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Abbate
- Department Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Angelo Vaira
- Operative Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, Sassari, Italy
| | - Umberto Committeri
- Department Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Bonavolontà
- Department Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Piombino
- Department Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Maglitto
- Department Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
| | - Camilla Russo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Russo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University "Federico II", Surgical Pathology Section, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Varricchio
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University "Federico II", Surgical Pathology Section, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Attanasi
- Department of Statistical Sciences, University La Sapienza, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Turri-Zanoni
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, Varese, Italy
| | - Giacomo de Riu
- Operative Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43/b, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luigi Califano
- Department Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, Naples, Italy
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Russo C, Russo C, Cascone D, Mazio F, Santoro C, Covelli EM, Cinalli G. Non-Oncological Neuroradiological Manifestations in NF1 and Their Clinical Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081831. [PMID: 33921292 PMCID: PMC8070534 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Central nervous system involvement (CNS) is a common finding in Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Beside tumor-related manifestations, NF1 is also characterized by a wide spectrum of CNS alterations with variable impacts on functioning and life quality. Here, we propose an overview of non-oncological neuroradiological findings in NF1, with an insight on pathophysiological and embryological clues for a better understanding of the development of these specific alterations. Abstract Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), the most frequent phakomatosis and one of the most common inherited tumor predisposition syndromes, is characterized by several manifestations that pervasively involve central and peripheral nervous system structures. The disorder is due to mutations in the NF1 gene, which encodes for the ubiquitous tumor suppressor protein neurofibromin; neurofibromin is highly expressed in neural crest derived tissues, where it plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and structural organization. This review article aims to provide an overview on NF1 non-neoplastic manifestations of neuroradiological interest, involving both the central nervous system and spine. We also briefly review the most recent MRI functional findings in NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Russo
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80125 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-333-7050711
| | - Carmela Russo
- Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurosciences, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, 80129 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (F.M.); (E.M.C.)
| | - Daniele Cascone
- Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurosciences, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, 80129 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (F.M.); (E.M.C.)
| | - Federica Mazio
- Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurosciences, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, 80129 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (F.M.); (E.M.C.)
| | - Claudia Santoro
- Neurofibromatosis Referral Center, Department of Woman, Child, General and Specialized Surgery, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental and Physical Health, and Preventive Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Eugenio Maria Covelli
- Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurosciences, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, 80129 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (D.C.); (F.M.); (E.M.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Cinalli
- Pediatric Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Pediatric Neurosciences, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, 80129 Naples, Italy;
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Russo C, Pontillo G, Saccà F, Riccio E, Cocozza S, Pane C, Tedeschi E, Pisani A, Pappatà S. Nonvascular Parkinsonism in Fabry Disease: Results From Magnetic Resonance and Dopamine Transporter Imaging. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2021; 80:476-479. [PMID: 33837397 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Russo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pontillo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Saccà
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Riccio
- Department of Public Health, Nephrology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Sirio Cocozza
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Pane
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico Tedeschi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Public Health, Nephrology Unit, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Sabina Pappatà
- Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, National Council of Research, Naples, Italy
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Nieto E, Palau A, Alvarez P, Russo C. Completed suicide in bipolar i patients after their first hospitalisation. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9480148 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bipolar disorder is a mental disorder that has one of the greatest risk of completed suicide (CS) Objectives Determine the rate and the risk factors of CS in a cohort of Bipolar I patients followed after their first hospitalization Methods We choose all Bipolar I patients (DSM-IV) who were first time hospitalized in our Psychiatric unit between 1996 and 2016. We reviewed the charts of first hospitalization and recorded multiple baseline variables. In the follow-up we updated the database recording all patients who CS. We compared the different baseline variables between Bipolar patients who CS and the rest. Results Of a total of 254 bipolar I patients 9 (3,5%) CS in the mean of 13 years of follow up (rate 40 times higher than General Population). The average age at CS was 41.1 years (range between 26 and 71 years old) so there was a 9 years gap on average between the first psychiatric hospitalization and suicide. CS was characterized by a violent act (8 out of 9 cases, 89 %). When we compared BP patients who CS with the rest, only history of suicide in first-degree relatives was detected as a risk factor significantly associated (P<0.01) with CS. Conversely baseline treatment with anticonvulsants (mainly valproate) was detected as a significantly (P<0.004) protective factor of CS. Conclusions 1-Bipolar I patients after first hospitalization completed suicide 40 times higher than general population almost always by violent method 2-History of CS in first-degree relatives is predictor of completed suicide Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Nieto E, Palau A, Russo C, Alvarez P. Completed suicide in bipolar ii patients after their first hospitalization. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9479951 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bipolar disorder, especially Bipolar II subtype, is a mental disorder that has one of the greatest risk of completed suicide (CS). Objectives Determine the rate and the risk factors of CS in a cohort of Bipolar II patients followed after their first hospitalization Methods We choose all Bipolar II patients (DSM-IV) who were hospitalized for first time in our Psychiatric unit between 1996 and 2016. We reviewed the charts of first hospitalization and recorded multiple baseline variables. In the follow-up we updated the database recording all patients who CS. We compared the different baseline variables between Bipolar II patients who CS and the rest Results Of a total of 59 bipolar II patients 6 (10 %) CS in the mean of 13 years of follow up (rate 120 times higher than General Population). The average age at CS was 45.3 years (range between 33 and 57 years old) so there was a 2 years gap on average between the first psychiatric hospitalization and suicide. CS was characterized by a violent act (5 out of 6 cases, 83 %). When we compared BP II patients who CS with the rest, only history of previous violent suicide attempt was detected as a risk factor significantly associated (P<0.04) with CS. Conclusions Bipolar II patients CS early after their first hospitalization and at very high rate (120 times than GP) almost always by violent method. History of previous violent suicide attempt is predictor of completed suicide Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Mariniello G, Pagano S, Meglio V, Barbato M, Russo C, Pontillo G, Di Stasi M, Elefante A. Multiple vertebral hemangiomas of the thoracic spine with atypical radiological features and aggressive behavior causing myelopathy: A case report. Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2020.100954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Cavaliere M, Di Lullo AM, Russo C, Mesolella M, Cantone E, Di Lorenzo G, Motta G, Elefante A. Computed-Tomography-Structured Reporting in Middle Ear Opacification: Surgical Results and Clinical Considerations From a Large Retrospective Analysis. Front Neurol 2021; 12:615356. [PMID: 33716923 PMCID: PMC7943916 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.615356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the study is to compare the accuracy of unstructured preoperative Computed Tomography (CT) reports from non-tertiary diagnostic centers with intraoperative findings in a large cohort of patients with Chronic Otitis Media (COM) undergone surgery. Methods: From 2012 to 2019, a total number of 301 patients were considered for our purposes. All patients with clinical evidence of COM had preoperative non-contrast high resolution CT scan of the temporal bone in non-tertiary diagnostic centers, performed within 3 months before surgery. Results: The accuracy of CT reports was analyzed in terms of nature, anatomical site, disease extension, bony erosion, vascular structures abnormalities relevant to surgical planning, and Eustachian tube patency. Compared to post-surgical findings, CT reporting critical analysis revealed a tendency to overestimation of bony erosion, coupled to underestimated description of facial canal/lateral semi-circular canal, vascular structures, and Eustachian tube. Conclusion: Discrepancies between CT reports and surgical findings in middle ear opacification can be at least in part due to limited expertise of general radiologists in ENT neuroimaging. To limit this lack of information and the limited accuracy of middle ear structures depiction, here we propose a structured checklist to adopt in the case of a temporal bone CT scan for COM, in order to optimize the communication with surgeons and provide all the crucial information for an accurate surgical planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Cavaliere
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Miriam Di Lullo
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.,CEINGE-Centro di Ingegneria Genetica e Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| | - Camilla Russo
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Mesolella
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Elena Cantone
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Lorenzo
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Motta
- Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Elefante
- Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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Cennamo G, Montorio D, Santoro C, Cocozza S, Spinelli L, Di Risi T, Riccio E, Russo C, Pontillo G, Esposito R, Imbriaco M, Pisani A. The Retinal Vessel Density as a New Vascular Biomarker in Multisystem Involvement in Fabry Disease: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9124087. [PMID: 33352849 PMCID: PMC7766384 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9124087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the possible relationship between the changes in retinal vessel density (VD) by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and the vascular alterations involving renal, cardiovascular and central nervous systems in patients affected by Fabry disease (FD). In 50 FD patients, the retinal superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) in macular region were evaluated by OCTA examination. The patients also underwent a brain magnetic resonance imaging scan, renal and echocardiographic examinations with quantification of systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (PAPs) and left atrial volume index (LAVi). The VD of SCP and DCP was inversely related with E/e’ ratio, LAVi, interventricular septal thickness, global longitudinal strain (GLS) and PAPs (p < 0.05). No relationship was found, with a multivariate analysis, between OCTA parameters and kidney function and neuroradiological signs of central nervous system involvement. OCTA could be a new vascular biomarker in FD, revealing a strong correlation between retinal capillary damage and myocardial impairment, possibly preceding both renal dysfunction and cerebrovascular involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Cennamo
- Eye Clinic, Public Health Department, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniela Montorio
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Ciro Santoro
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (S.C.); (L.S.); (C.R.); (G.P.); (R.E.); (M.I.)
| | - Sirio Cocozza
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (S.C.); (L.S.); (C.R.); (G.P.); (R.E.); (M.I.)
| | - Letizia Spinelli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (S.C.); (L.S.); (C.R.); (G.P.); (R.E.); (M.I.)
| | - Teodolinda Di Risi
- CEINGE—Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy;
- Department of Public Medicine, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.R.); (A.P.)
| | - Eleonora Riccio
- Department of Public Medicine, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.R.); (A.P.)
| | - Camilla Russo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (S.C.); (L.S.); (C.R.); (G.P.); (R.E.); (M.I.)
| | - Giuseppe Pontillo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (S.C.); (L.S.); (C.R.); (G.P.); (R.E.); (M.I.)
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Esposito
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (S.C.); (L.S.); (C.R.); (G.P.); (R.E.); (M.I.)
| | - Massimo Imbriaco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (S.C.); (L.S.); (C.R.); (G.P.); (R.E.); (M.I.)
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Public Medicine, University Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.R.); (A.P.)
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Esposito S, Sparaco M, Maniscalco GT, Signoriello E, Lanzillo R, Russo C, Carmisciano L, Cepparulo S, Lavorgna L, Gallo A, Trojsi F, Brescia Morra V, Lus G, Tedeschi G, Saccà F, Signori A, Bonavita S. Lifestyle and Mediterranean diet adherence in a cohort of Southern Italian patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 47:102636. [PMID: 33333418 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Several studies supported the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet (MeDi) on chronic diseases. In Multiple Sclerosis (MS), the MeDi might interfere with systemic inflammatory state, gut microbiota, and comorbidities. The Med Diet Score (MDS) estimates the adherence to the MeDi and the cardiovascular (CV) risk. Aims of our study were i) to photograph lifestyle and diet habits of a southern Italy cohort of people with MS (pwMS), and ii) to investigate the impact of the MeDi on MS clinical outcomes. SUBJECTS/METHODS We conducted a multi-center, cross-sectional study, enrolling 435 consecutive consenting pwMS, attending the outpatient clinics for routine follow-up visits. Participants underwent a clinical examination and a 29-item self-administered questionnaire on life and dietary habits. Disease phenotype, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), MS Severity Score (MSSS), waist circumference (WC), Body Mass Index (BMI), therapies, and comorbidities, were updated. MDS was assessed and correlated with current and retrospective clinical data. RESULTS 75.8% of respondents were interested in nutrition, 72.8% were non-smokers, 52.9% performed physical activity, and 45.6% used food supplements. MDS was higher in pwMS with normal WC (p = 0.031), and inversely correlated with MSSS (p = 0.013) and EDSS (p = 0.012) at survey time. MDS did not correlate with the total number of relapses (before and after diagnosis) (p = 0.372). Metabolic comorbidities were associated with an increased 10-year CV risk (r = 0.85, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a putative beneficial effect of the MeDi on WC, MS course and disability. Given the role of chronic systemic inflammation in maintenance of autoimmunity and secondary neurodegeneration, both involved in long-term disability, we may suppose a beneficial effect of the MeDi on MS long-term disability outcomes, probably mediated by a modulation of the gut microbiota and the low-grade chronic systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Esposito
- First Division of Neurology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - M Sparaco
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Division of Neurology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| | - G T Maniscalco
- Neurological Clinic and Multiple Sclerosis Center, "AORN A. Cardarelli", Naples, Italy
| | - E Signoriello
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Division of Neurology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - R Lanzillo
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, "Federico II University", Naples, Italy
| | - C Russo
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, "Federico II University", Naples, Italy
| | - L Carmisciano
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Section of Biostatistics, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - S Cepparulo
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Division of Neurology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - L Lavorgna
- First Division of Neurology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - A Gallo
- First Division of Neurology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - F Trojsi
- First Division of Neurology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - V Brescia Morra
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, "Federico II University", Naples, Italy
| | - G Lus
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Second Division of Neurology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - G Tedeschi
- First Division of Neurology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - F Saccà
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Odontostomatology, "Federico II University", Naples, Italy
| | - A Signori
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Section of Biostatistics, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - S Bonavita
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Spinelli L, Giugliano G, Pisani A, Imbriaco M, Riccio E, Russo C, Cuocolo A, Trimarco B, Esposito G. Does left ventricular function predict cardiac outcome in Anderson-Fabry disease? Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020; 37:1225-1236. [PMID: 33211238 PMCID: PMC8026432 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-020-02105-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In Anderson–Fabry disease (AFD) the impact of left ventricular (LV) function on cardiac outcome is unknown. Noninvasive LV pressure–strain loop analysis is a new echocardiographic method to estimate myocardial work (MW). We aimed to evaluate whether LV function was associated with outcome and whether MW had a prognostic value in AFD. Ninety-six AFD patients (41.8 ± 14.7 years, 43.7% males) with normal LV ejection fraction were retrospectively evaluated. Inclusion criteria were sinus rhythm and ≥ 2-year follow-up. Standard echocardiography measurements, myocardial mechano-energetic efficiency (MEE) index, global longitudinal strain (GLS) and MW were evaluated. Adverse cardiac events were defined as composite of cardiac death, malignant ventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and severe heart failure development. During a median follow-up of 63 months (interquartile range 37–85), 14 events occurred. Patient age, cardiac biomarkers, LV mass index, left atrium volume, E/Ea ratio, LV ejection fraction, MEE index, GLS and all MW indices were significantly related to adverse outcome at univariate analysis. After adjustment for clinical and echocardiographic parameters, which were significant at univariate analysis, GLS and MW resulted independent predictors of adverse events (p < 0.01). By ROC curve analysis, constructive MW ≤ 1513 mmHg% showed the highest sensitivity and specificity in predicting adverse outcome (92.9% and 86.6%, respectively). MW did not improve the predictive value of a model including clinical data, LV diastolic function and GLS. LV function impairment (both systolic and diastolic) is associated with adverse events in AFD. MW does not provide additive information over clinical features and systolic and diastolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Spinelli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Giugliano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Public Health, Nephrology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo Imbriaco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Riccio
- Department of Public Health, Nephrology Unit, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Camilla Russo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Cuocolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Trimarco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
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Pontillo G, Castagna A, Vola EA, Macerollo A, Peluso S, Russo C, Baglio F, Manganelli F, Brunetti A, Cocozza S, Esposito M. The cerebellum in idiopathic cervical dystonia: A specific pattern of structural abnormalities? Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020; 80:152-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder affecting multiple systems, due to inactivating mutations of TSC1 or TSC2 mTOR pathway genes. Neurological manifestations are observed in about 95% cases, representing the most frequent cause of morbidity and one of the most common causes of mortality. BACKGROUND Neuroimaging is crucial for early diagnosis, monitoring, and management of these patients. While computed tomography is generally used as first-line investigation at emergency department, magnetic resonance imaging is the reference method to define central nervous system involvement and investigate subtle pathophysiological alterations in TSC patients. PURPOSE Here, we review the state-of-the-art knowledge in TSC brain imaging, describing conventional findings and depicting the role of advanced techniques in providing new insights on the disease, also offering an overview on future perspectives of neuroimaging applications for a better understanding of disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Russo
- Department of Pediatric Neurosciences, Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Nastro
- Department of Pediatric Neurosciences, Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Cicala
- Department of Pediatric Neurosciences, Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria De Liso
- Department of Pediatric Neurosciences, Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Eugenio Maria Covelli
- Department of Pediatric Neurosciences, Pediatric Neuroradiology Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cinalli
- Department of Pediatric Neurosciences, Pediatric Neurosurgery Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Via Mario Fiore n. 6, 80129, Naples, Italy.
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Lavorgna M, Angelillo S, Gentile M, Nugnes R, Orlo E, Russo C, Isidori M. Early genotoxic effects from exposure to environmental pollutants young people from South Italy. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Children and young people are particularly sensitive to the environmental pollution which is closely related to degenerative diseases. Several studies show that a genotoxic damage during young age can increase the risk of chronic diseases in adulthood. The young people are more vulnerable than adults to the environmental pollutants because they spend more time outdoors, they have immaturity of some organs and of the mechanisms involved in the cellular repair. In the present study, the early biological effects of exposure to a particularly polluted area of Southern Italy were evaluated in 200 children (6-10 year-old) and 100 young people (18-25 year-old). This area, worldwide known as Sarno basin, is characterized by strong anthropization, many agro-food processing industries, massive use of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural practices and a strong river pollution. The comet assay was chosen because it reflects cumulative exposure to a variety of environmental factors and it was performed on salivary leukocytes in the children selected for the survey, while in the young people the DNA damage was evaluated in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. As in previous studies were not find significant differences between salivary leukocytes and blood lymphocytes we preferred the sampling of saliva for the children to avoid bloody practices. Furthermore, before cell sampling the children's parents were interviewed using an ad hoc questionnaire designed to gather additional information about exposure sources. A questionnaire was administered also to the young people to have more information on their lifestyle and some characteristic of the area of exposure (vehicular traffic and so on). The results showed a clear damage from exposure in the children differently from young people.
Key messages
Comet assay was performed in vitro on lymphocytes of 200 children (6-10 year-old) and 100 young people (18-25 year-old) exposed to a particularly polluted area of Southern Italy. An evident DNA damage was observed in lymphocytes coming from children; no genetic material alterations were observed in young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lavorgna
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - S Angelillo
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - M Gentile
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - R Nugnes
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - E Orlo
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - C Russo
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania, Caserta, Italy
| | - M Isidori
- DiSTABiF, Università della Campania, Caserta, Italy
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Esposito R, Russo C, Santoro C, Cocozza S, Riccio E, Sorrentino R, Pontillo G, Luciano F, Imbriaco M, Brunetti A, Pisani A. Association between Left Atrial Deformation and Brain Involvement in Patients with Anderson-Fabry Disease at Diagnosis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092741. [PMID: 32854327 PMCID: PMC7565878 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Anderson-Fabry disease (AFD) can induce both central nervous system white matter lesions (WMLs) and cardiac abnormalities including left atrial (LA) dysfunction. We sought to evaluate the possible interrelations of LA structure and function impairment with the presence of WMLs in AFD patients. Methods 22 AFD patients and 22 controls, matched for age and sex, underwent an echo-Doppler exam including quantification of peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS). AFD patients underwent also a 3-T brain magnetic resonance imaging with a visual quantification of WMLs by Fazekas’ score (FS) on 3D FLAIR images. Results AFD patients had significantly higher left ventricular (LV) mass index (LVMi) and relative wall thickness, and lower PALS compared to controls. Among AFD patients, 9 showed a FS = 0, and 13 a FS > 1. AFD patients with FS ≥ 1 showed lower PALS (29.4 ± 6.7 vs. 37.2 ± 3.9%, p = 0.003) than those with FS = 0, without difference in LA volume index and LVMi. In AFD patients, FS was inversely related to PALS (r = −0.49, p < 0.0001), even after adjusting for LVMi (r = −0.43, p < 0.05). Conclusions In the absence of significant alterations in LA size, AFD patients had lower PALS compared to controls. The inverse association between PALS and presence of WMLs indicates a possible parallel early involvement of heart and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Esposito
- Departement of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Naples, Italy
| | - Camilla Russo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (S.C.); (R.S.); (G.P.); (F.L.); (M.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Ciro Santoro
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (S.C.); (R.S.); (G.P.); (F.L.); (M.I.); (A.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-7464749
| | - Sirio Cocozza
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (S.C.); (R.S.); (G.P.); (F.L.); (M.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Eleonora Riccio
- Department of Public Health, Nephrology Unit, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.R.); (A.P.)
| | - Regina Sorrentino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (S.C.); (R.S.); (G.P.); (F.L.); (M.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Pontillo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (S.C.); (R.S.); (G.P.); (F.L.); (M.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Federica Luciano
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (S.C.); (R.S.); (G.P.); (F.L.); (M.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Massimo Imbriaco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (S.C.); (R.S.); (G.P.); (F.L.); (M.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Arturo Brunetti
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.R.); (S.C.); (R.S.); (G.P.); (F.L.); (M.I.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Public Health, Nephrology Unit, Federico II University Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.R.); (A.P.)
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