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Hussaini S, Mamyraiym Kyzy A, Schröder-Schetelig J, Lädke SL, Venkatesan V, Diaz-Maue L, Quiñonez Uribe RA, Richter C, Biktashev VN, Majumder R, Krinski V, Luther S. Efficient termination of cardiac arrhythmias using optogenetic resonant feedback pacing. Chaos 2024; 34:031103. [PMID: 38526981 DOI: 10.1063/5.0191519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Malignant cardiac tachyarrhythmias are associated with complex spatiotemporal excitation of the heart. The termination of these life-threatening arrhythmias requires high-energy electrical shocks that have significant side effects, including tissue damage, excruciating pain, and worsening prognosis. This significant medical need has motivated the search for alternative approaches that mitigate the side effects, based on a comprehensive understanding of the nonlinear dynamics of the heart. Cardiac optogenetics enables the manipulation of cellular function using light, enhancing our understanding of nonlinear cardiac function and control. Here, we investigate the efficacy of optically resonant feedback pacing (ORFP) to terminate ventricular tachyarrhythmias using numerical simulations and experiments in transgenic Langendorff-perfused mouse hearts. We show that ORFP outperforms the termination efficacy of the optical single-pulse (OSP) approach. When using ORFP, the total energy required for arrhythmia termination, i.e., the energy summed over all pulses in the sequence, is 1 mJ. With a success rate of 50%, the energy per pulse is 40 times lower than with OSP with a pulse duration of 10 ms. We demonstrate that even at light intensities below the excitation threshold, ORFP enables the termination of arrhythmias by spatiotemporal modulation of excitability inducing spiral wave drift.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hussaini
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Göttingen 37077, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - A Mamyraiym Kyzy
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - J Schröder-Schetelig
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Göttingen 37077, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - S L Lädke
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - V Venkatesan
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - L Diaz-Maue
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Göttingen 37075, Germany
- Research Electronics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - R A Quiñonez Uribe
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Göttingen 37077, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - C Richter
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Göttingen 37077, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Göttingen 37075, Germany
- WG Cardiovascular Optogenetics, Lab Animal Science Unit, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - V N Biktashev
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
| | - R Majumder
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Göttingen 37077, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Göttingen 37075, Germany
| | - V Krinski
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - S Luther
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organisation, Göttingen 37077, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen 37075, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Lower Saxony, Göttingen 37075, Germany
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Hussaini S, Lädke SL, Schröder-Schetelig J, Venkatesan V, Quiñonez Uribe RA, Richter C, Majumder R, Luther S. Dissolution of spiral wave's core using cardiac optogenetics. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011660. [PMID: 38060618 PMCID: PMC10729946 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotating spiral waves in the heart are associated with life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. These arrhythmias are treated by a process called defibrillation, which forces electrical resynchronization of the heart tissue by delivering a single global high-voltage shock directly to the heart. This method leads to immediate termination of spiral waves. However, this may not be the only mechanism underlying successful defibrillation, as certain scenarios have also been reported, where the arrhythmia terminated slowly, over a finite period of time. Here, we investigate the slow termination dynamics of an arrhythmia in optogenetically modified murine cardiac tissue both in silico and ex vivo during global illumination at low light intensities. Optical imaging of an intact mouse heart during a ventricular arrhythmia shows slow termination of the arrhythmia, which is due to action potential prolongation observed during the last rotation of the wave. Our numerical studies show that when the core of a spiral is illuminated, it begins to expand, pushing the spiral arm towards the inexcitable boundary of the domain, leading to termination of the spiral wave. We believe that these fundamental findings lead to a better understanding of arrhythmia dynamics during slow termination, which in turn has implications for the improvement and development of new cardiac defibrillation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayedeh Hussaini
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sarah L. Lädke
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Schröder-Schetelig
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vishalini Venkatesan
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Raúl A. Quiñonez Uribe
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Richter
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
- WG Cardiovascular Optogenetics, Lab Animal Science Unit, Leibniz Institute for Primate research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rupamanjari Majumder
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Luther
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for the Dynamics of Complex Systems, Göttingen University, Germany
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3
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Dupuy R, Filser J, Richter C, Buttersack T, Trinter F, Gholami S, Seidel R, Nicolas C, Bozek J, Egger D, Oberhofer H, Thürmer S, Hergenhahn U, Reuter K, Winter B, Bluhm H. Ångstrom-Depth Resolution with Chemical Specificity at the Liquid-Vapor Interface. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:156901. [PMID: 37115858 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.156901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The determination of depth profiles across interfaces is of primary importance in many scientific and technological areas. Photoemission spectroscopy is in principle well suited for this purpose, yet a quantitative implementation for investigations of liquid-vapor interfaces is hindered by the lack of understanding of electron-scattering processes in liquids. Previous studies have shown, however, that core-level photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) are altered by depth-dependent elastic electron scattering and can, thus, reveal information on the depth distribution of species across the interface. Here, we explore this concept further and show that the experimental anisotropy parameter characterizing the PAD scales linearly with the average distance of atoms along the surface normal obtained by molecular dynamics simulations. This behavior can be accounted for in the low-collision-number regime. We also show that results for different atomic species can be compared on the same length scale. We demonstrate that atoms separated by about 1 Å along the surface normal can be clearly distinguished with this method, achieving excellent depth resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dupuy
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - J Filser
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Richter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - T Buttersack
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - F Trinter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S Gholami
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - R Seidel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Nicolas
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin-BP 48 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - J Bozek
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin-BP 48 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - D Egger
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - H Oberhofer
- Department of Physics, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - S Thürmer
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - U Hergenhahn
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - K Reuter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - B Winter
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - H Bluhm
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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4
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David S, Bačić B, Richter C, Mundt M. Editorial: Artificial intelligence to enhance biomechanical modelling. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1188035. [PMID: 37188071 PMCID: PMC10175801 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1188035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. David
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Correspondence: S. David
| | - B. Bačić
- School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - C. Richter
- SportsMedicine Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M. Mundt
- Tech & Policy Lab, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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5
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Buragohain P, Lu H, Richter C, Schenk T, Kariuki P, Glinsek S, Funakubo H, Íñiguez J, Defay E, Schroeder U, Gruverman A. Quantification of the Electromechanical Measurements by Piezoresponse Force Microscopy. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2206237. [PMID: 36210741 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) is widely used for characterization and exploration of the nanoscale properties of ferroelectrics. However, quantification of the PFM signal is challenging due to the convolution of various extrinsic and intrinsic contributions. Although quantification of the PFM amplitude signal has received considerable attention, quantification of the PFM phase signal has not been addressed. A properly calibrated PFM phase signal can provide valuable information on the sign of the local piezoelectric coefficient-an important and nontrivial issue for emerging ferroelectrics. In this work, two complementary methodologies to calibrate the PFM phase signal are discussed. The first approach is based on using a standard reference sample with well-known independently measured piezoelectric coefficients, while the second approach exploits the electrostatic sample-cantilever interactions to determine the parasitic phase offset. Application of these methodologies to studies of the piezoelectric behavior in ferroelectric HfO2 -based thin-film capacitors reveals intriguing variations in the sign of the longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient, d33,eff . It is shown that the piezoelectric properties of the HfO2 -based capacitors are inherently sensitive to their thickness, electrodes, as well as deposition methods, and can exhibit wide variations including a d33,eff sign change within a single device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratyush Buragohain
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Haidong Lu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Claudia Richter
- NaMLab gGmbH, 01187, Noethnitzer Strasse 64 a, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tony Schenk
- Ferroelectric Memory GmbH, 01099, Charlotte-Bühler-Str. 12, Dresden, Germany
| | - Pamenas Kariuki
- NaMLab gGmbH, 01187, Noethnitzer Strasse 64 a, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastjan Glinsek
- Materials Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 Rue du Brill, Belvaux, L-4422, Luxembourg
| | - Hiroshi Funakubo
- School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, 226-8502, Japan
| | - Jorge Íñiguez
- Materials Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 Rue du Brill, Belvaux, L-4422, Luxembourg
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, 41 Rue du Brill, Belvaux, L-4422, Luxembourg
| | - Emmanuel Defay
- Materials Research and Technology Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41 Rue du Brill, Belvaux, L-4422, Luxembourg
| | - Uwe Schroeder
- NaMLab gGmbH, 01187, Noethnitzer Strasse 64 a, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexei Gruverman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
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6
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Chae K, Lombardo SF, Tasneem N, Tian M, Kumarasubramanian H, Hur J, Chern W, Yu S, Richter C, Lomenzo PD, Hoffmann M, Schroeder U, Triyoso D, Consiglio S, Tapily K, Clark R, Leusink G, Bassiri-Gharb N, Bandaru P, Ravichandran J, Kummel A, Cho K, Kacher J, Khan AI. Local Epitaxial Templating Effects in Ferroelectric and Antiferroelectric ZrO 2. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:36771-36780. [PMID: 35929399 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale polycrystalline thin-film heterostructures are central to microelectronics, for example, metals used as interconnects and high-K oxides used in dynamic random-access memories (DRAMs). The polycrystalline microstructure and overall functional response therein are often dominated by the underlying substrate or layer, which, however, is poorly understood due to the difficulty of characterizing microstructural correlations at a statistically meaningful scale. Here, an automated, high-throughput method, based on the nanobeam electron diffraction technique, is introduced to investigate orientational relations and correlations between crystallinity of materials in polycrystalline heterostructures over a length scale of microns, containing several hundred individual grains. This technique is employed to perform an atomic-scale investigation of the prevalent near-coincident site epitaxy in nanocrystalline ZrO2 heterostructures, the workhorse system in DRAM technology. The power of this analysis is demonstrated by answering a puzzling question: why does polycrystalline ZrO2 transform dramatically from being antiferroelectric on polycrystalline TiN/Si to ferroelectric on amorphous SiO2/Si?
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisung Chae
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Sarah F Lombardo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Nujhat Tasneem
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Mengkun Tian
- Institute of Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30318, United States
| | - Harish Kumarasubramanian
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Jae Hur
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Winston Chern
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Shimeng Yu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Claudia Richter
- NaMLab gGmbH/TU Dresden, Noethnitzer Str. 64 a, Dresden D-01187, Germany
| | - Patrick D Lomenzo
- NaMLab gGmbH/TU Dresden, Noethnitzer Str. 64 a, Dresden D-01187, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmann
- NaMLab gGmbH/TU Dresden, Noethnitzer Str. 64 a, Dresden D-01187, Germany
| | - Uwe Schroeder
- NaMLab gGmbH/TU Dresden, Noethnitzer Str. 64 a, Dresden D-01187, Germany
| | - Dina Triyoso
- TEL Technology Center, America, LLC, Albany, New York 12203, United States
| | - Steven Consiglio
- TEL Technology Center, America, LLC, Albany, New York 12203, United States
| | - Kanda Tapily
- TEL Technology Center, America, LLC, Albany, New York 12203, United States
| | - Robert Clark
- TEL Technology Center, America, LLC, Albany, New York 12203, United States
| | - Gert Leusink
- TEL Technology Center, America, LLC, Albany, New York 12203, United States
| | - Nazanin Bassiri-Gharb
- G.W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Prab Bandaru
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Jayakanth Ravichandran
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Andrew Kummel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Kyeongjae Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Josh Kacher
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Asif Islam Khan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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7
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Breuninger K, Golla A, Richter C, Kimmel A, Mau W, Saal S. Pflegefachliche Begutachtungsunsicherheiten beim
Rehabilitationszugang über die Pflegebegutachtung – Ergebnisse
einer Mixed-Methods-Studie. Das Gesundheitswesen 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1753585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A Golla
- Medizinische Fakultät der Martin-Luther-Universität
Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Rehabilitationsmedizin, Profilzentrum
Gesundheitswissenschaften, Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - C Richter
- Medizinische Fakultät der Martin-Luther-Universität
Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft,
Profilzentrum Gesundheitswissenschaften, Halle (Saale),
Deutschland
| | - A Kimmel
- Medizinischer Dienst Bund, Essen, Deutschland
| | - W Mau
- Medizinische Fakultät der Martin-Luther-Universität
Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Rehabilitationsmedizin, Profilzentrum
Gesundheitswissenschaften, Halle (Saale), Deutschland
| | - S Saal
- Medizinische Fakultät der Martin-Luther-Universität
Halle-Wittenberg, Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft,
Profilzentrum Gesundheitswissenschaften, Halle (Saale),
Deutschland
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8
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Schneider S, Richter C, Beisel L. Überdosierungen von Heroin – Sozial- und
präventivmedizinische Ansatzpunkte zur Verhinderung dieser
Haupttodesursache nach illegalem Drogenkonsum. Das Gesundheitswesen 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1753787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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9
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Pietsch J, Piplack N, Berthold J, Khamfongkhruea C, Thiele J, Hölscher T, Traneus E, Janssens E, Smeets J, Stützer K, Löck S, Richter C. OC-0620 Prompt-gamma imaging for prostate cancer proton therapy: CNN-based detection of anatomical changes. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02642-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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11
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Carolan D, Richter C, Thorborg K, Franklyn-Miller A, O'Donovan J, Mc Donald C, King E. Hip and Groin Pain Prevalence and Prediction in Elite Gaelic Games: 2703 Male Athletes Across Two Seasons. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2022; 32:924-932. [PMID: 35108419 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hip and groin pain is highly prevalent in sub-elite Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) athletes, but its prevalence at the elite level is unknown. The aims of this study were to report hip and groin pain prevalence in elite male athletes, to report changes in Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) across two seasons and to assess if previous hip and groin pain or pre-season HAGOS could predict future hip and groin pain. METHODS During the 2017 and 2018 pre-season male Gaelic Players Association (GPA) playing members were invited to complete two questionnaires. The first questionnaire collected demographic information including age, GAA code played (Gaelic football or Hurling) and prevalence of hip and groin pain in the previous season. The second questionnaire was the HAGOS. Step-wise logistic regression models were fitted to HAGOS subscales, to examine if pre-season HAGOS subscale scores could predict future hip and groin pain. RESULTS The prevalence of hip and groin pain across the elite GAA cohort was 38%. Hip and groin pain in the previous season was the strongest predictor of future hip and groin pain (r2 =0.19, AUC=0.73, 95% CI 1.76-2.27) whereas pre-season HAGOS subscale scores had limited and no additional predictive ability (AUC 0.05-0.18). CONCLUSIONS Hip and groin pain prevalence is high in elite male GAA, with one in three athletes reporting pain. Previous season hip and groin pain is the strongest predictor of future hip and groin pain, while pre-season HAGOS scores have limited ability to predict future hip and groin pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Carolan
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Richter
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Thorborg
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager-Hvidovre, Sports Orthopedic Research Center - Copenhagen (SORC-C), Hvidovre, Denmark.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Physical Therapy, Physical Medicine & Amp; Rehabilitation Research - Copenhagen (PMR-C), Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - A Franklyn-Miller
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.,Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J O'Donovan
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.,Gaelic Players Association Safety and Welfare Committee, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Mc Donald
- Gaelic Players Association Safety and Welfare Committee, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E King
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Roehampton, Roehampton, UK
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12
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Diaz-Maue L, Steinebach J, Richter C. Patterned Illumination Techniques in Optogenetics: An Insight Into Decelerating Murine Hearts. Front Physiol 2022; 12:750535. [PMID: 35087413 PMCID: PMC8787046 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.750535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Much has been reported about optogenetic based cardiac arrhythmia treatment and the corresponding characterization of photostimulation parameters, but still, our capacity to interact with the underlying spatiotemporal excitation patterns relies mainly on electrical and/or pharmacological approaches. However, these well-established treatments have always been an object of somehow heated discussions. Though being acutely life-saving, they often come with potential side-effects leading to a decreased functionality of the complex cardiac system. Recent optogenetic studies showed the feasibility of the usage of photostimulation as a defibrillation method with comparatively high success rates. Although, these studies mainly concentrated on the description as well as on the comparison of single photodefibrillation approaches, such as locally focused light application and global illumination, less effort was spent on the description of excitation patterns during actual photostimulation. In this study, the authors implemented a multi-site photodefibrillation technique in combination with Multi-Lead electrocardiograms (ECGs). The technical connection of real-time heart rhythm measurements and the arrhythmia counteracting light control provides a further step toward automated arrhythmia classification, which can lead to adaptive photodefibrillation methods. In order to show the power effectiveness of the new approach, transgenic murine hearts expressing channelrhodopsin-2 ex vivo were investigated using circumferential micro-LED and ECG arrays. Thus, combining the best of two methods by giving the possibility to illuminate either locally or globally with differing pulse parameters. The optical technique presented here addresses a number of challenges of technical cardiac optogenetics and is discussed in the context of arrhythmic development during photostimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Diaz-Maue
- Department of Research Electronics, Max-Planck-Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany.,Biomedical Physics Research Group, Max-Planck-Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e., V.), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Janna Steinebach
- Biomedical Physics Research Group, Max-Planck-Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Richter
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e., V.), Göttingen, Germany.,Laboratory Animal Science Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz-Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
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13
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Müllenbroich MC, Kelly A, Acker C, Bub G, Bruegmann T, Di Bona A, Entcheva E, Ferrantini C, Kohl P, Lehnart SE, Mongillo M, Parmeggiani C, Richter C, Sasse P, Zaglia T, Sacconi L, Smith GL. Novel Optics-Based Approaches for Cardiac Electrophysiology: A Review. Front Physiol 2021; 12:769586. [PMID: 34867476 PMCID: PMC8637189 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.769586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical techniques for recording and manipulating cellular electrophysiology have advanced rapidly in just a few decades. These developments allow for the analysis of cardiac cellular dynamics at multiple scales while largely overcoming the drawbacks associated with the use of electrodes. The recent advent of optogenetics opens up new possibilities for regional and tissue-level electrophysiological control and hold promise for future novel clinical applications. This article, which emerged from the international NOTICE workshop in 2018, reviews the state-of-the-art optical techniques used for cardiac electrophysiological research and the underlying biophysics. The design and performance of optical reporters and optogenetic actuators are reviewed along with limitations of current probes. The physics of light interaction with cardiac tissue is detailed and associated challenges with the use of optical sensors and actuators are presented. Case studies include the use of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and super-resolution microscopy to explore the micro-structure of cardiac cells and a review of two photon and light sheet technologies applied to cardiac tissue. The emergence of cardiac optogenetics is reviewed and the current work exploring the potential clinical use of optogenetics is also described. Approaches which combine optogenetic manipulation and optical voltage measurement are discussed, in terms of platforms that allow real-time manipulation of whole heart electrophysiology in open and closed-loop systems to study optimal ways to terminate spiral arrhythmias. The design and operation of optics-based approaches that allow high-throughput cardiac electrophysiological assays is presented. Finally, emerging techniques of photo-acoustic imaging and stress sensors are described along with strategies for future development and establishment of these techniques in mainstream electrophysiological research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allen Kelly
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Corey Acker
- Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Gil Bub
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Tobias Bruegmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Anna Di Bona
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Emilia Entcheva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | | | - Peter Kohl
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center and Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan E. Lehnart
- Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells” (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marco Mongillo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Richter
- German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Sasse
- Institute of Physiology I, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tania Zaglia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sacconi
- European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University Heart Center and Medical Faculty, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Florence, Italy
| | - Godfrey L. Smith
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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14
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Richter C. Carl Jung and the Ghosts. Psychological Perspectives 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00332925.2021.2043705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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15
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Golla A, Richter C, Mau W, Saal S. Versichertenseitige Einflussfaktoren auf den Rehabilitationszugang über die Pflegebegutachtung. Das Gesundheitswesen 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1732116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Golla
- Institut für Rehabilitionsmedizin, Profilzentrum Gesundheitswissenschaften, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
| | - C Richter
- Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft, Profilzentrum Gesundheitswissenschaften, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
| | - W Mau
- Institut für Rehabilitionsmedizin, Profilzentrum Gesundheitswissenschaften, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
| | - S Saal
- Institut für Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft, Profilzentrum Gesundheitswissenschaften, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg
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16
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Diaz-Maue L, Steinebach J, Schwaerzle M, Luther S, Ruther P, Richter C. Advanced Cardiac Rhythm Management by Applying Optogenetic Multi-Site Photostimulation in Murine Hearts. J Vis Exp 2021. [PMID: 34515679 DOI: 10.3791/62335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventricular tachyarrhythmias are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Electrical defibrillation using high-energy electric shocks is currently the only treatment for life-threatening ventricular fibrillation. However, defibrillation may have side-effects, including intolerable pain, tissue damage, and worsening of prognosis, indicating a significant medical need for the development of more gentle cardiac rhythm management strategies. Besides energy-reducing electrical approaches, cardiac optogenetics was introduced as a powerful tool to influence cardiac activity using light-sensitive membrane ion channels and light pulses. In the present study, a robust and valid method for successful photostimulation of Langendorff perfused intact murine hearts will be described based on multi-site pacing applying a 3 x 3 array of micro light-emitting diodes (micro-LED). Simultaneous optical mapping of epicardial membrane voltage waves allows the investigation of the effects of region-specific stimulation and evaluates the newly induced cardiac activity directly on-site. The obtained results show that the efficacy of defibrillation is strongly dependent on the parameters chosen for photostimulation during a cardiac arrhythmia. It will be demonstrated that the illuminated area of the heart plays a crucial role for termination success as well as how the targeted control of cardiac activity during illumination for modifying arrhythmia patterns can be achieved. In summary, this technique provides a possibility to optimize the on-site mechanism manipulation on the way to real-time feedback control of cardiac rhythm and, regarding the region specificity, new approaches in reducing the potential harm to the cardiac system compared to the usage of non-specific electrical shock applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Diaz-Maue
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization; Research Electronics Department, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization
| | - Janna Steinebach
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization
| | - Michael Schwaerzle
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg; Cluster of Excellence BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg
| | - Stefan Luther
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Goettingen; Institute for Nonlinear Dynamics, Georg-August-University Goettingen; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, DZHK e.V., partner site Goettingen
| | - Patrick Ruther
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg; Cluster of Excellence BrainLinks-BrainTools, University of Freiburg
| | - Claudia Richter
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization; Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Goettingen; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, DZHK e.V., partner site Goettingen; Laboratory Animal Science Unit, German Primate Center Leibniz Institute for Primate Research;
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17
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Pietsch J, Khamfongkhruea C, Berthold J, Janssens G, Stützer K, Löck S, Richter C. OC-0204 Prompt-gamma-based verification in proton therapy: CNN-based classification of treatment deviations. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Zhang Y, Trnkova P, Heijmen B, Richter C, Aznar M, Albertini F, Bolsi A, Daartz J, Bertholet J, Knopf A. OC-0200 Patterns Of Practice in Adaptive and Real-Time Particle Therapy, Part I: intrafractional motion. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)06815-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Richter C, Hinkel R. Research('s) Sweet Hearts: Experimental Biomedical Models of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:703355. [PMID: 34368257 PMCID: PMC8342758 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.703355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and the often accompanying cardiovascular diseases including cardiomyopathy represent a complex disease, that is reluctant to reveal the molecular mechanisms and underlying cellular responses. Current research projects on diabetic cardiomyopathy are predominantly based on animal models, in which there are not only obvious advantages, such as genetics that can be traced over generations and the directly measurable influence of dietary types, but also not despisable disadvantages. Thus, many studies are built up on transgenic rodent models, which are partly comparable to symptoms in humans due to their genetic alterations, but on the other hand are also under discussion regarding their clinical relevance in the translation of biomedical therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, a focus on transgenic rodent models ignores spontaneously occurring diabetes in larger mammals (such as dogs or pigs), which represent with their anatomical similarity to humans regarding their cardiovascular situation appealing models for testing translational approaches. With this in mind, we aim to shed light on the currently most popular animal models for diabetic cardiomyopathy and, by weighing the advantages and disadvantages, provide decision support for future animal experimental work in the field, hence advancing the biomedical translation of promising approaches into clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Richter
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Goettingen, Germany.,Partnersite Goettingen, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Goettingen, Germany
| | - Rabea Hinkel
- Laboratory Animal Science Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Goettingen, Germany.,Partnersite Goettingen, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Goettingen, Germany.,Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hanover, Germany
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20
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El Genedy-Kalyoncu M, Richter C, Surber C, Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J. The effect of a basic skin care product on the structural strength of the dermo-epidermal junction: An exploratory, randomised, controlled split-body trial. Int Wound J 2021; 19:426-435. [PMID: 34121334 PMCID: PMC8762572 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.13643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin ageing is associated with various structural alterations including a decreased strength of the dermo‐epidermal adhesion increasing the risk for shear type injuries (skin tears). Topical applications of basic skin care products seem to reduce skin tear incidence. The suction blister method leads to the artificial and controlled separation of dermis and epidermis. Therefore, time to blister formation may be used as outcome measuring the strength of dermo‐epidermal adhesion. We conducted an exploratory, randomised, controlled trial with a split‐body design on forearms in healthy female subjects (n = 12; mean age 70.3 [SD 2.1] years). Forearms assigned to the intervention were treated twice daily with petrolatum for 8 weeks. Suction blisters were induced on forearms after 4 and 8 weeks and time to blister formation was measured. Stratum corneum and epidermal hydration were measured and epidermal thickness was assessed via optical coherence tomography. Time to blistering was longer and stratum corneum as well as epidermal hydration was consistently higher in intervention skin areas. We conclude that topical application of basic skin care products may improve mechanical adhesion of the dermo‐epidermal junction and that the parameter “time to blistering” is a suitable outcome to measure dermo‐epidermal adhesion strength in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monira El Genedy-Kalyoncu
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Richter
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Surber
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Kottner
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Charité Center for Health and Human Sciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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21
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Berg H, Wirtz Martin MA, Niesteruk A, Richter C, Sreeramulu S, Schwalbe H. NMR-based Fragment Screening in a Minimum Sample but Maximum Automation Mode. J Vis Exp 2021. [PMID: 34152328 DOI: 10.3791/62262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragment-based screening (FBS) is a well-validated and accepted concept within the drug discovery process both in academia and industry. The greatest advantage of NMR-based fragment screening is its ability not only to detect binders over 7-8 orders of magnitude of affinity but also to monitor purity and chemical quality of the fragments and thus to produce high quality hits and minimal false positives or false negatives. A prerequisite within the FBS is to perform initial and periodic quality control of the fragment library, determining solubility and chemical integrity of the fragments in relevant buffers, and establishing multiple libraries to cover diverse scaffolds to accommodate various macromolecule target classes (proteins/RNA/DNA). Further, an extensive NMR-based screening protocol optimization with respect to sample quantities, speed of acquisition and analysis at the level of biological construct/fragment-space, in condition-space (buffer, additives, ions, pH, and temperature) and in ligand-space (ligand analogues, ligand concentration) is required. At least in academia, these screening efforts have so far been undertaken manually in a very limited fashion, leading to limited availability of screening infrastructure not only in the drug development process but also in the context of chemical probe development. In order to meet the requirements economically, advanced workflows are presented. They take advantage of the latest state-of-the-art advanced hardware, with which the liquid sample collection can be filled in a temperature-controlled fashion into the NMR-tubes in an automated manner. 1H/19F NMR ligand-based spectra are then collected at a given temperature. High-throughput sample changer (HT sample changer) can handle more than 500 samples in temperature-controlled blocks. This together with advanced software tools speeds up data acquisition and analysis. Further, application of screening routines on protein and RNA samples are described to make aware of the established protocols for a broad user base in biomacromolecular research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Berg
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt
| | - M A Wirtz Martin
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt
| | - A Niesteruk
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and DKFZ
| | - C Richter
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt
| | - S Sreeramulu
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt
| | - H Schwalbe
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and DKFZ;
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22
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Kanti V, Puder L, Jahnke I, Krabusch PM, Kottner J, Vogt A, Richter C, Andruck A, Lechner L, Poitou C, Krude H, Gottesdiener K, Clément K, Farooqi IS, Wiegand S, Kühnen P, Blume-Peytavi U. A Melanocortin-4 Receptor Agonist Induces Skin and Hair Pigmentation in Patients with Monogenic Mutations in the Leptin-Melanocortin Pathway. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 34:307-316. [PMID: 34058738 DOI: 10.1159/000516282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Gene mutations within the leptin-melanocortin signaling pathway lead to severe early-onset obesity. Recently, a phase 2 trial evaluated new pharmacological treatment options with the MC4R agonist setmelanotide in patients with mutations in the genes encoding proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and leptin receptor (LEPR). During treatment with setmelanotide, changes in skin pigmentation were observed, probably due to off-target effects on the closely related melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R). Here, we describe in detail the findings of dermatological examinations and measurements of skin pigmentation during this treatment over time and discuss the impact of these changes on patient safety. METHODS In an investigator-initiated, phase 2, open-label pilot study, 2 patients with loss-of-function POMC gene mutations and 3 patients with loss-of-function variants in LEPR were treated with the MC4R agonist setmelanotide. Dermatological examination, dermoscopy, whole body photographic documentation, and spectrophotometric measurements were performed at screening visit and approximately every 3 months during the course of the study. RESULTS We report the results of a maximum treatment duration of 46 months. Skin pigmentation increased in all treated patients, as confirmed by spectrophotometry. During continuous treatment, the current results indicate that elevated tanning intensity levels may stabilize over time. Lips and nevi also darkened. In red-haired study participants, hair color changed to brown after initiation of setmelanotide treatment. DISCUSSION Setmelanotide treatment leads to skin tanning and occasionally hair color darkening in both POMC- and LEPR-deficient patients. No malignant skin changes were observed in the patients of this study. However, the results highlight the importance of regular skin examinations before and during MC4R agonist treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Kanti
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lia Puder
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Irina Jahnke
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Maximilian Krabusch
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Kottner
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Vogt
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Richter
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Andruck
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lara Lechner
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Poitou
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, CRNH-Ile de France Paris, Nutrition department, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesity, systemic approach (NutriOmics) research group, Paris, France
| | - Heiko Krude
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Karine Clément
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, CRNH-Ile de France Paris, Nutrition department, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesity, systemic approach (NutriOmics) research group, Paris, France
| | - Ismaa Sadaf Farooqi
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susanna Wiegand
- Berlin Institute of Health, Center for Social-Pediatric Care/Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Kühnen
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
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23
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Ozga C, Honisch C, Schmidt P, Holzapfel X, Zindel C, Küstner-Wetekam C, Richter C, Hergenhahn U, Ehresmann A, Knie A, Hans A. Photon-electron coincidence experiments at synchrotron radiation facilities with arbitrary bunch modes. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:045110. [PMID: 34243486 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the adaptation of an electron-photon coincidence detection scheme to the multibunch hybrid mode of the synchrotron radiation source BESSY II (Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin). Single-event-based data acquisition and evaluation, combined with the use of relative detection times between the coincident particles, enable the acquisition of proper coincidence signals from a quasi-continuous excitation pattern. The background signal produced by accidental coincidences in the time difference representation is modeled using the non-coincident electron and photon spectra. We validate the method by reproducing previously published results, which were obtained in the single bunch mode, and illustrate its usability for the multibunch hybrid mode by investigating the photoionization of CO2 into CO2 + B satellite states, followed by subsequent photon emission. The radiative lifetime obtained and the electron binding energy are in good agreement with earlier publications. We expect this method to be a useful tool to extend the versatility of coincident particle detection to arbitrary operation modes of synchrotron radiation facilities and other excitation sources without the need for additional experimental adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ozga
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - C Honisch
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Ph Schmidt
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - X Holzapfel
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - C Zindel
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - C Küstner-Wetekam
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - C Richter
- Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - U Hergenhahn
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Ehresmann
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - A Knie
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - A Hans
- Institut für Physik und CINSaT, Universität Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
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24
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Kubatova N, Qureshi NS, Altincekic N, Abele R, Bains JK, Ceylan B, Ferner J, Fuks C, Hargittay B, Hutchison MT, de Jesus V, Kutz F, Wirtz Martin MA, Meiser N, Linhard V, Pyper DJ, Trucks S, Fürtig B, Hengesbach M, Löhr F, Richter C, Saxena K, Schlundt A, Schwalbe H, Sreeramulu S, Wacker A, Weigand JE, Wirmer-Bartoschek J, Wöhnert J. 1H, 13C, and 15N backbone chemical shift assignments of coronavirus-2 non-structural protein Nsp10. Biomol NMR Assign 2021; 15:65-71. [PMID: 33159807 PMCID: PMC7648550 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-020-09984-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The international Covid19-NMR consortium aims at the comprehensive spectroscopic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA elements and proteins and will provide NMR chemical shift assignments of the molecular components of this virus. The SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes approximately 30 different proteins. Four of these proteins are involved in forming the viral envelope or in the packaging of the RNA genome and are therefore called structural proteins. The other proteins fulfill a variety of functions during the viral life cycle and comprise the so-called non-structural proteins (nsps). Here, we report the near-complete NMR resonance assignment for the backbone chemical shifts of the non-structural protein 10 (nsp10). Nsp10 is part of the viral replication-transcription complex (RTC). It aids in synthesizing and modifying the genomic and subgenomic RNAs. Via its interaction with nsp14, it ensures transcriptional fidelity of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and through its stimulation of the methyltransferase activity of nsp16, it aids in synthesizing the RNA cap structures which protect the viral RNAs from being recognized by the innate immune system. Both of these functions can be potentially targeted by drugs. Our data will aid in performing additional NMR-based characterizations, and provide a basis for the identification of possible small molecule ligands interfering with nsp10 exerting its essential role in viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kubatova
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - N S Qureshi
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - N Altincekic
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - R Abele
- Institute for Biochemistry, Biocentre, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - J K Bains
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - B Ceylan
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - J Ferner
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - C Fuks
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - B Hargittay
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - M T Hutchison
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - V de Jesus
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - F Kutz
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - M A Wirtz Martin
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - N Meiser
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - V Linhard
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - D J Pyper
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - S Trucks
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - B Fürtig
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - M Hengesbach
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany.
| | - F Löhr
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - C Richter
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - K Saxena
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - A Schlundt
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - H Schwalbe
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany.
| | - S Sreeramulu
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - A Wacker
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - J E Weigand
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstr 10, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Wirmer-Bartoschek
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
| | - J Wöhnert
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt/M, Germany
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25
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Hussaini S, Venkatesan V, Biasci V, Romero Sepúlveda JM, Quiñonez Uribe RA, Sacconi L, Bub G, Richter C, Krinski V, Parlitz U, Majumder R, Luther S. Drift and termination of spiral waves in optogenetically modified cardiac tissue at sub-threshold illumination. eLife 2021; 10:59954. [PMID: 33502313 PMCID: PMC7840178 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new approaches to control cardiac arrhythmias requires a deep understanding of spiral wave dynamics. Optogenetics offers new possibilities for this. Preliminary experiments show that sub-threshold illumination affects electrical wave propagation in the mouse heart. However, a systematic exploration of these effects is technically challenging. Here, we use state-of-the-art computer models to study the dynamic control of spiral waves in a two-dimensional model of the adult mouse ventricle, using stationary and non-stationary patterns of sub-threshold illumination. Our results indicate a light-intensity-dependent increase in cellular resting membrane potentials, which together with diffusive cell-cell coupling leads to the development of spatial voltage gradients over differently illuminated areas. A spiral wave drifts along the positive gradient. These gradients can be strategically applied to ensure drift-induced termination of a spiral wave, both in optogenetics and in conventional methods of electrical defibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayedeh Hussaini
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Goettingen, Germany.,Institute for the Dynamics of Complex Systems, Goettingen University, Goettingen, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Vishalini Venkatesan
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Goettingen, Germany.,University Medical Center Goettingen, Clinic of Cardiology and Pneumology, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Valentina Biasci
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,Division of Physiology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Raul A Quiñonez Uribe
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Goettingen, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Leonardo Sacconi
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.,Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Florence, Italy
| | - Gil Bub
- Department of Physiology, MGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Claudia Richter
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Goettingen, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.,University Medical Center Goettingen, Clinic of Cardiology and Pneumology, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Valentin Krinski
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Goettingen, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.,INPHYNI, CNRS, Sophia Antipolis, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Parlitz
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Goettingen, Germany.,Institute for the Dynamics of Complex Systems, Goettingen University, Goettingen, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Rupamanjari Majumder
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Goettingen, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Luther
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Goettingen, Germany.,Institute for the Dynamics of Complex Systems, Goettingen University, Goettingen, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.,University Medical Center Goettingen, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goettingen, Germany
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26
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Gilbert S, Mehl A, Baluch A, Cawley C, Challiner J, Fraser H, Millen E, Montazeri M, Multmeier J, Pick F, Richter C, Türk E, Upadhyay S, Virani V, Vona N, Wicks P, Novorol C. How accurate are digital symptom assessment apps for suggesting conditions and urgency advice? A clinical vignettes comparison to GPs. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e040269. [PMID: 33328258 PMCID: PMC7745523 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare breadth of condition coverage, accuracy of suggested conditions and appropriateness of urgency advice of eight popular symptom assessment apps. DESIGN Vignettes study. SETTING 200 primary care vignettes. INTERVENTION/COMPARATOR For eight apps and seven general practitioners (GPs): breadth of coverage and condition-suggestion and urgency advice accuracy measured against the vignettes' gold-standard. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES (1) Proportion of conditions 'covered' by an app, that is, not excluded because the user was too young/old or pregnant, or not modelled; (2) proportion of vignettes with the correct primary diagnosis among the top 3 conditions suggested; (3) proportion of 'safe' urgency advice (ie, at gold standard level, more conservative, or no more than one level less conservative). RESULTS Condition-suggestion coverage was highly variable, with some apps not offering a suggestion for many users: in alphabetical order, Ada: 99.0%; Babylon: 51.5%; Buoy: 88.5%; K Health: 74.5%; Mediktor: 80.5%; Symptomate: 61.5%; Your.MD: 64.5%; WebMD: 93.0%. Top-3 suggestion accuracy was GPs (average): 82.1%±5.2%; Ada: 70.5%; Babylon: 32.0%; Buoy: 43.0%; K Health: 36.0%; Mediktor: 36.0%; Symptomate: 27.5%; WebMD: 35.5%; Your.MD: 23.5%. Some apps excluded certain user demographics or conditions and their performance was generally greater with the exclusion of corresponding vignettes. For safe urgency advice, tested GPs had an average of 97.0%±2.5%. For the vignettes with advice provided, only three apps had safety performance within 1 SD of the GPs-Ada: 97.0%; Babylon: 95.1%; Symptomate: 97.8%. One app had a safety performance within 2 SDs of GPs-Your.MD: 92.6%. Three apps had a safety performance outside 2 SDs of GPs-Buoy: 80.0% (p<0.001); K Health: 81.3% (p<0.001); Mediktor: 87.3% (p=1.3×10-3). CONCLUSIONS The utility of digital symptom assessment apps relies on coverage, accuracy and safety. While no digital tool outperformed GPs, some came close, and the nature of iterative improvements to software offers scalable improvements to care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hamish Fraser
- Brown Center for Biomedical Informatics, Brown University, Rhode Island, USA
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27
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Gore S, Franklyn-Miller A, Richter C, King E, Falvey EC, Moran K. Corrigendum to "The effects of rehabilitation on the biomechanics of patients with athletic groin pain" [J. Biomech. 99 (2020) 109474]. J Biomech 2020; 115:110128. [PMID: 33303213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.110128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Gore
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Santry Demesne, Dublin, Ireland; School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; INSIGHT Centre for Data Analytics, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - A Franklyn-Miller
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Santry Demesne, Dublin, Ireland; Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Richter
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Santry Demesne, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E King
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Santry Demesne, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Life Sciences, Roehampton University, UK
| | - E C Falvey
- Sports Medicine Research Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Santry Demesne, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - K Moran
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland; INSIGHT Centre for Data Analytics, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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28
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Berthold J, Jost A, Khamfongkhruea C, Petzoldt J, Thiele J, Hölscher T, Wohlfahrt P, Pausch G, Janssens G, Smeets J, Richter C. OC-0443: First systematic clinical study on detection of anatomical changes in PT using prompt-gamma imaging. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00465-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Berthold J, Khamfongkhruea C, Jost A, Petzoldt J, Thiele J, Hölscher T, Wohlfahrt P, Hofmann C, Pausch G, Janssens G, Julien S, Richter C. OC-0698: First-in-man validation of CT-based stopping-power prediction using prompt-gamma range verification. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00720-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Peters N, Wohlfahrt P, Hofmann C, Möhler C, Makocki S, Richter C. OC-0697: Particle therapy: Assessing clinical benefit of direct stopping-power prediction from dual-energy CT. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00719-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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31
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Cantini F, Banci L, Altincekic N, Bains JK, Dhamotharan K, Fuks C, Fürtig B, Gande SL, Hargittay B, Hengesbach M, Hutchison MT, Korn SM, Kubatova N, Kutz F, Linhard V, Löhr F, Meiser N, Pyper DJ, Qureshi NS, Richter C, Saxena K, Schlundt A, Schwalbe H, Sreeramulu S, Tants JN, Wacker A, Weigand JE, Wöhnert J, Tsika AC, Fourkiotis NK, Spyroulias GA. 1H, 13C, and 15N backbone chemical shift assignments of the apo and the ADP-ribose bound forms of the macrodomain of SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 3b. Biomol NMR Assign 2020; 14:339-346. [PMID: 32803496 PMCID: PMC7428200 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-020-09973-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes for approximately 30 proteins. Within the international project COVID19-NMR, we distribute the spectroscopic analysis of the viral proteins and RNA. Here, we report NMR chemical shift assignments for the protein Nsp3b, a domain of Nsp3. The 217-kDa large Nsp3 protein contains multiple structurally independent, yet functionally related domains including the viral papain-like protease and Nsp3b, a macrodomain (MD). In general, the MDs of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV were suggested to play a key role in viral replication by modulating the immune response of the host. The MDs are structurally conserved. They most likely remove ADP-ribose, a common posttranslational modification, from protein side chains. This de-ADP ribosylating function has potentially evolved to protect the virus from the anti-viral ADP-ribosylation catalyzed by poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs), which in turn are triggered by pathogen-associated sensing of the host immune system. This renders the SARS-CoV-2 Nsp3b a highly relevant drug target in the viral replication process. We here report the near-complete NMR backbone resonance assignment (1H, 13C, 15N) of the putative Nsp3b MD in its apo form and in complex with ADP-ribose. Furthermore, we derive the secondary structure of Nsp3b in solution. In addition, 15N-relaxation data suggest an ordered, rigid core of the MD structure. These data will provide a basis for NMR investigations targeted at obtaining small-molecule inhibitors interfering with the catalytic activity of Nsp3b.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cantini
- Magnetic Resonance Center - CERM, University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy
| | - L Banci
- Magnetic Resonance Center - CERM, University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Florence, Italy.
| | - N Altincekic
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J K Bains
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - K Dhamotharan
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - C Fuks
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - B Fürtig
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - B Hargittay
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M Hengesbach
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M T Hutchison
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S M Korn
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - N Kubatova
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - F Kutz
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - V Linhard
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - F Löhr
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - N Meiser
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - D J Pyper
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - N S Qureshi
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - C Richter
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - K Saxena
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - A Schlundt
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - H Schwalbe
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - S Sreeramulu
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J-N Tants
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - A Wacker
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - J E Weigand
- Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstr. 10, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - J Wöhnert
- Institute for Molecular Biosciences, Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - A C Tsika
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - N K Fourkiotis
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - G A Spyroulias
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.
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32
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Krohn OA, Quick M, Sudarkova SM, Ioffe IN, Richter C, Kovalenko SA. Photoisomerization dynamics of trans–trans, cis–trans, and cis–cis diphenylbutadiene from broadband transient absorption spectroscopy and calculations. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:224305. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0007241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O. A. Krohn
- JILA and the Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M. Quick
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. M. Sudarkova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - I. N. Ioffe
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - C. Richter
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. A. Kovalenko
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Richter C, Hoyer S, Lessig R, Stoevesandt D, Schwarz K, Biolik A, Heide S. Aktuelle Trends im Leichenschautraining bei Medizinstudierenden. Rechtsmedizin (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00194-020-00400-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Schlundt A, Wirtz MA, Knezic B, Hengesbach M, Fürtig B, Weigand JE, Wöhnert J, Ferner J, Saxena K, Wacker A, Richter C, Sreeramulu S, Wirmer-Bartoschek J, Schwalbe H. Gemeinschaftlich in Krisenzeiten: NMR-Strukturbiologie gegen COVID-19. Biospektrum 2020; 26:440-441. [PMID: 32834541 PMCID: PMC7318729 DOI: 10.1007/s12268-020-1396-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Harald Schwalbe
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Zentrum für Biomolekulare Magnetische Resonanz (BMRZ), Universität Frankfurt a. M., Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, D-60438 Frankfurt a. M., Deutschland
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Quick MT, Quick M, Ioffe IN, Richter C, Mahrwald R, Druzhinin S, Kovalenko SA. Transient Rotamerism and Photoisomerization Dynamics of trans- and cis-Naphthylstilbene. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:1049-1064. [PMID: 31941271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b10710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The rotamerism and photoisomerization of trans- and cis-1,2-di-(2-naphthyl)ethylene (tN and cN) are studied with stationary and transient absorption spectroscopies assisted by quantum chemical calculations. Absorption and emission spectra of rotamers (rotational isomers) tN-S (C2h-symmetric), tN-A (C1), and tN-S' (C2) are derived with a 53:47 ratio of tN-S to tN-A. Upon photoexcitation, the equilibration of the rotamers in S0 (rotamerization) is observed in the bleach region with characteristic time τrotamer ≈ 0.5 ns. With excitation at 364 nm, the S0 equilibrium shifts because, mainly, tN-A is bleached and the rotamerization becomes traceable, whereas with excitation at 345 nm, the equilibrium is preserved and the bleach spectrum remains unchanged. It is just long-lived (∼2 ns) S1 that allows for monitoring the rotamer dynamics in S0. Replacement of the stilbene phenyl rings with larger naphthyls increases the S1 → P torsional barrier E1act toward perpendicular configuration P both from cis and trans configurations. In tN, the radiative relaxation with τR ≈ 3.7 ns becomes the main deactivation channel, and accordingly, the measured decays show nearly no dependence on the solvent viscosity. The cis-to-trans photoisomerization occurs via two paths: adiabatic cS1 → P → tS1 (20%) and more common nonadiabatic cS1 → P → S0 (80%). The barrier cS1 → P in the cis-isomer is reduced in polar solvents because of a zwitterionic character of P. The P-state is directly detected with the cN isomer in acetonitrile by an excited-state absorption band at 400 nm developing with 0.7 ps and decaying with 1.6 ps. Two dihydrophenanthrene (DHP)-like products result from photoexcited cN. The metastable DHP-A builds up transiently from cN-A, and its spectrum at about 550 nm matches the published DHP absorption. The stable DHP-S' accumulates under stationary illumination and is formed either from excited cN-S' or metastable DHP-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Quick
- Department for Optics and Atomic Physics , Technische Universität , Berlin 10623 , Germany
| | - M Quick
- Department of Chemistry , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Berlin 10117 , Germany
| | - I N Ioffe
- Department of Chemistry , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119991 , Russia
| | - C Richter
- Department of Chemistry , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Berlin 10117 , Germany
| | - R Mahrwald
- Department of Chemistry , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Berlin 10117 , Germany
| | - S Druzhinin
- Department of Chemistry & Biology , University of Siegen , Siegen 57076 , Germany
| | - S A Kovalenko
- Department of Chemistry , Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin , Berlin 10117 , Germany
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Gore S, Franklyn-Miller A, Richter C, King E, Falvey E, Moran K. The effects of rehabilitation on the biomechanics of patients with athletic groin pain. J Biomech 2020; 99:109474. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Hahnel E, El Genedy M, Tomova‐Simitchieva T, Hauß A, Stroux A, Lechner A, Richter C, Akdeniz M, Blume‐Peytavi U, Löber N, Kottner J. The effectiveness of two silicone dressings for sacral and heel pressure ulcer prevention compared with no dressings in high‐risk intensive care unit patients: a randomized controlled parallel‐group trial. Br J Dermatol 2019; 183:256-264. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Hahnel
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and AllergyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - M. El Genedy
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and AllergyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - T. Tomova‐Simitchieva
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and AllergyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - A. Hauß
- Department of Clinical Quality and Risk Management Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - A. Stroux
- Department of Biometry and Clinical Epidemiology Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - A. Lechner
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and AllergyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - C. Richter
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and AllergyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - M. Akdeniz
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and AllergyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - U. Blume‐Peytavi
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and AllergyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - N. Löber
- Department of Clinical Quality and Risk Management Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - J. Kottner
- Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and AllergyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care Skin Integrity Research Group (SKINT) University Centre for Nursing and Midwifery Ghent University Ghent Belgium
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Mack S, Arnold D, Bogdan G, Bousse L, Danan L, Dolnik V, Ducusin M, Gwerder E, Herring C, Jensen M, Ji J, Lacy S, Richter C, Walton I, Gentalen E. Front cover: A novel microchip‐based imaged CIEF‐MS system for comprehensive characterization and identification of biopharmaceutical charge variants. Electrophoresis 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201970201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mack S, Arnold D, Bogdan G, Bousse L, Danan L, Dolnik V, Ducusin M, Gwerder E, Herring C, Jensen M, Ji J, Lacy S, Richter C, Walton I, Gentalen E. A novel microchip-based imaged CIEF-MS system for comprehensive characterization and identification of biopharmaceutical charge variants. Electrophoresis 2019; 40:3084-3091. [PMID: 31663138 PMCID: PMC6972975 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A microfluidic system has been designed that integrates both imaged capillary isoelectric focusing (iCIEF) separations and downstream MS detection into a single assay. Along with the construction of novel instrumentation and an innovative microfluidic chip, conversion to MS‐compatible separation reagents has also been established. Incorporation of 280 nm absorbance iCIEF‐MS analysis not only permits photometric quantitation of separated charge isoforms but also facilitates the direct monitoring of analyte focusing and mobilization in real‐time. The outcome of this effort is a device with the unique ability to allow for both the characterization and identification of protein charge and mass isoforms in under 15 min. Acquisition, quantitation, and identification of highly resolved intact mAb charge isoforms along with their critical N‐linked glycan pairs clearly demonstrate analytical utility of our innovative system. In total, 33 separate molecular features were characterized by the iCIEF‐MS system representing a dramatic increase in the ability to monitor multiple intact mAb critical quality attributes in a single comprehensive assay. Unlike previously reported CIEF‐MS results, relatively high ampholyte concentrations, of up to 4% v/v, were employed without impacting MS sensitivity, observed to be on the order of 1% composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Mack
- Intabio 39655 Eureka Drive NewarkNewarkCAUSA
| | - Don Arnold
- Intabio 39655 Eureka Drive NewarkNewarkCAUSA
| | - Greg Bogdan
- Intabio 39655 Eureka Drive NewarkNewarkCAUSA
| | - Luc Bousse
- Intabio 39655 Eureka Drive NewarkNewarkCAUSA
| | - Lieza Danan
- Intabio 39655 Eureka Drive NewarkNewarkCAUSA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer Ji
- Intabio 39655 Eureka Drive NewarkNewarkCAUSA
| | - Steve Lacy
- Intabio 39655 Eureka Drive NewarkNewarkCAUSA
| | | | - Ian Walton
- Intabio 39655 Eureka Drive NewarkNewarkCAUSA
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Diaz-Maue L, Schwaerzle M, Ruther P, Luther S, Richter C. Follow the Light - From Low-Energy Defibrillation to Multi-Site Photostimulation. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2019; 2018:4832-4835. [PMID: 30441427 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8513124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
One major cause of death in the industrialized world is sudden cardiac death, which so far can be reliably treated only by applying strong electrical shocks. Developing improved methods, aiming at lowering shock intensity and associated side effects potentially has significant clinical implications. Thus, optogenetic stimulation using structured illumination has been introduced as a promising experimental tool to investigate mechanisms underlying multi-site pacing and to optimize potential low-energy approaches. Furthermore, an objective of this work is to strengthen the application of optogenetic tools for cardiac arrhythmia research, which in turn is expected to improve applicable technologies towards tissue-protective defibrillation.
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Buragohain P, Erickson A, Kariuki P, Mittmann T, Richter C, Lomenzo PD, Lu H, Schenk T, Mikolajick T, Schroeder U, Gruverman A. Fluid Imprint and Inertial Switching in Ferroelectric La:HfO 2 Capacitors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:35115-35121. [PMID: 31460741 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b11146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ferroelectric (FE) HfO2-based thin films, which are considered as one of the most promising material systems for memory device applications, exhibit an adverse tendency for strong imprint. Manifestation of imprint is a shift of the polarization-voltage (P-V) loops along the voltage axis due to the development of an internal electric bias, which can lead to the failure of the writing and retention functions. Here, to gain insight into the mechanism of the imprint effect in La-doped HfO2 (La:HfO2) capacitors, we combine the pulse switching technique with high-resolution domain imaging by means of piezoresponse force microscopy. This approach allows us to establish a correlation between the macroscopic switching characteristics and domain time-voltage-dependent behavior. It has been shown that the La:HfO2 capacitors exhibit a much more pronounced imprint compared to Pb(Zr,Ti)O3-based FE capacitors. Also, in addition to conventional imprint, which evolves with time in the poled capacitors, an easily changeable imprint, termed as "fluid imprint", with a strong dependence on the switching prehistory and measurement conditions, has been observed. Visualization of the domain structure reveals a specific signature of fluid imprint-continuous switching of polarization in the same direction as the previously applied field that continues a long time after the field was turned off. This effect, termed as "inertial switching", is attributed to charge injection and subsequent trapping at defect sites at the film-electrode interface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pamenas Kariuki
- NaMLab gGmbH/TU Dresden , Noethnitzer Strasse 64 , Dresden 01187 , Germany
| | - Terence Mittmann
- NaMLab gGmbH/TU Dresden , Noethnitzer Strasse 64 , Dresden 01187 , Germany
| | - Claudia Richter
- NaMLab gGmbH/TU Dresden , Noethnitzer Strasse 64 , Dresden 01187 , Germany
| | - Patrick D Lomenzo
- NaMLab gGmbH/TU Dresden , Noethnitzer Strasse 64 , Dresden 01187 , Germany
| | | | - Tony Schenk
- NaMLab gGmbH/TU Dresden , Noethnitzer Strasse 64 , Dresden 01187 , Germany
- Materials Research and Technology Department , Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology , Belvaux L-4422 , Luxembourg
| | - Thomas Mikolajick
- NaMLab gGmbH/TU Dresden , Noethnitzer Strasse 64 , Dresden 01187 , Germany
| | - Uwe Schroeder
- NaMLab gGmbH/TU Dresden , Noethnitzer Strasse 64 , Dresden 01187 , Germany
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Richter C, Bruegmann T. No light without the dark: Perspectives and hindrances for translation of cardiac optogenetics. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2019; 154:39-50. [PMID: 31515056 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, optogenetic stimulation of the heart and its translational potential for rhythm control attracted more and more interest. Optogenetics allows to stimulate cardiomyocytes expressing the light-gated cation channel Channelrhodopsin 2 (ChR2) with light and thus high spatio-temporal precision. Therefore this new approach can overcome the technical limitations of electrical stimulation. In regard of translational approaches, the prospect of pain-free stimulation, if ChR2 expression is restricted to cardiomyocytes, is especially intriguing and could be highly beneficial for cardioversion and defibrillation. However, there is no light without shadow and cardiac optogenetics has to surmount critical hurdles, namely "how" to inscribe light-sensitivity by expressing ChR2 in a native heart and how to avoid side effects such as possible immune responses against the gene transfer. Furthermore, implantable light devices have to be developed which ensure sufficient illumination in a highly contractile environment. Therefore this article reviews recent advantages in the field of cardiac optogenetics with a special focus on the hindrances for the potential translation of this new approach into clinics and provides an outlook how these have to be carefully investigated and could be solved step by step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Richter
- RG Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics & Self-Organization, Am Fassberg 17, 37077, Goettingen, Germany; Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Str. 42a, 37075, Goettingen, Germany; DZHK e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Goettingen, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Tobias Bruegmann
- DZHK e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Goettingen, 37075, Goettingen, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center Goettingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Goettingen, Germany.
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Hartoyo A, Lichtenthaeler K, Kurz E, Pantel T, Richter C, Scholz-Kreisel P, Ringel F, Keric N, Renovanz M. P03.04 Signaling questions assessing brain tumor patients’ distress in clinical routine - a feasibility study. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Approximately 20%-35% of patients with intracranial tumors show depressive symptoms and distress. Assessment in these patients remains challenging due to cognitive and/or neurological deficits. We developed 3 signaling questions in order to assess patients during patient-doctor consultation. The aim is to implement them in clinical routine and to compare the results with patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) along disease trajectory.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Patients were prospectively examined in a structured interview applying the 3 following questions: 1),Has your mood worsened? (I)”; 2),Are you strained by physical changes? (II)”; 3),Has your faculty of thought decreased? (III)”. Simultaneously, patients filled in the Distress Thermometer (DT) and the EORTC QLQ-C30 + BN20. The first patient group was assessed twice pre- and postoperatively in the very early disease trajectory (A), the second patient group once in the outpatient setting during adjuvant therapy or follow-up (B). The results of the 3 signaling questions were compared to the results of the PROMs.
RESULTS
A total of n=62 patients gave informed consent and n= 61 were assessed so far. In general, the signaling questions were feasible to answer for all patients. However, patients frequently needed more detailed examples for symptoms emphasizing the intention of the question.
In group A (n= 20), patients had a mean age of 59 years, n= 12 (60%) were male. Main diagnoses were glioblastomas, meningiomas and metastases. The results of the signaling questions did not reflect the screening by DT: N= 11 (55%) reported that their mood has worsened (I) prior to the operation, which then improved to n= 5 (31%) patients afterwards. The same applied to physical changes (II, 10 (50%) vs. 7 (44%), as well as lower cognition (III, 7 (35%) vs. 4 (25%) respectively). In contrast, mean DT (5.7 vs. 6 after) as well as the mean number of positive responses to the problem lists on the DT was similar pre- and postoperatively (8.7 pre-op vs. 9.4 post-op).
Group B, (n= 41) consisted of patients harboring malignant gliomas, n= 27 (66%) were male. Patients had a mean DT score = 6.8, n= 22 (53%) named a worse mood (I), n= 23 (56%) patients reported physical changes (II) and n= 22 (54%) patients reported lower cognition (III), global health scale (GHS) according to the EORTC instrument was 60 (0–100). The majority of patients with a DT ≥6 also reported strain in the signaling questions and had a lower mean GHS = 54,8. DT ≥ 6 was linked to worse mood (I, Fishers exact, p=0.02).
CONCLUSION
According to our preliminary data, the signaling questions seem to be more useful in the outpatient setting in glioma patients than perioperatively. “Has your mood worsened” was associated with higher burden according to DT. Screening in brain tumor patients could probably complemented by direct questions in order to avoid missing patients who are not able to fill in questionnaires.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hartoyo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - K Lichtenthaeler
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - E Kurz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - T Pantel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - C Richter
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - P Scholz-Kreisel
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - F Ringel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - N Keric
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - M Renovanz
- Interdisciplinary Division of Neurooncology, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
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Hans A, Ozga C, Schmidt P, Hartmann G, Nehls A, Wenzel P, Richter C, Lant C, Holzapfel X, Viehmann JH, Hergenhahn U, Ehresmann A, Knie A. Setup for multicoincidence experiments of photons in the extreme ultraviolet to visible spectral range and charged particles-The solid angle maximization approach. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:093104. [PMID: 31575280 DOI: 10.1063/1.5109104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The coincident detection of particles is a powerful method in experimental physics, enabling the investigation of a variety of projectile-target interactions. The vast majority of coincidence experiments is performed with charged particles, as they can be guided by electric or magnetic fields to yield large detection probabilities. When a neutral species or a photon is one of the particles recorded in coincidence, its detection probability typically suffers from small solid angles. Here, we present two optical assemblies considerably enhancing the solid angle for photon detection in the extreme ultraviolet to visible spectral range. The efficiency and versatility of these assemblies are demonstrated for electron-photon coincidence detection, where electrons and photons emerge from fundamental processes after photoexcitation of gaseous samples by synchrotron radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hans
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - C Ozga
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Ph Schmidt
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - G Hartmann
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - A Nehls
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - Ph Wenzel
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - C Richter
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - C Lant
- Department of Physics, New York University, 726 Broadway, New York, New York 10003, USA
| | - X Holzapfel
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - J H Viehmann
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - U Hergenhahn
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Ehresmann
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
| | - A Knie
- Institute of Physics and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology (CINSaT), University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Straße 40, 34132 Kassel, Germany
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Richter C, Bauer M. Charakterisierung stromaler Faktoren bei Mammakarzinomen von BRCA1- und BRCA2-Mutationsträgerinnen im Vergleich zum sporadischen Mammakarzinom. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Richter
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Kiel
| | - M Bauer
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Kiel
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Richter C, Tiemann K, Arnold N, Lorenz M, Maas N, Bauer M. Charakterisierung stromaler Faktoren bei Mammakarzinomen von BRCA1- und BRCA2-Mutationsträgerinnen im Vergleich zum sporadischen Mammakarzinom. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1692092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Richter
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe
| | - K Tiemann
- Institut für Hämatopathologie Hamburg, Hamburg
| | - N Arnold
- Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe UKSH Onkologisches Labor, Campus Kiel
| | - M Lorenz
- Wildenstein Plattner Institut, Berlin
| | - N Maas
- Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe
| | - M Bauer
- Müller und Bauer, Frauenpraxis Ostufer, Kiel
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Khamfongkhruea C, Janssens G, Petzoldt J, Smeets J, Pausch G, Richter C. OC-0566 Range verification in proton therapy: Can prompt-gamma imaging identify the source of deviation? Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)30986-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Peters N, Wohlfahrt P, Bolsi A, Dahlgren C, De Marzi L, Ellerbrock M, Fracchiolla F, Free J, Gomà C, Góra J, Kajdrowicz T, MacKay R, Molinelli S, Nørrevang O, Rinaldi I, Rompokos V, Van der Tol P, Vermeren X, Richter C. OC-0667 Experimental assessment of inter-centre variation and accuracy in SPR prediction within the EPTN. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)31087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Starke S, Leger S, Zwanenburg A, Pilz K, Lohaus F, Linge A, Zöphel K, Kotzerke J, Schreiber A, Tinhofer I, Budach V, Stuschke M, Balermpas P, Rödel C, Ganswindt U, Belka C, Pigorsch S, Combs S, Mönnich D, Zips D, Krause M, Baumann M, Richter C, Troost E, Löck S. OC-0496 Deep-learning based estimation of locoregional control for patients with locally advanced HNSCC. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)30916-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Vempati S, Deinert JC, Gierster L, Bogner L, Richter C, Mutz N, Blumstengel S, Zykov A, Kowarik S, Garmshausen Y, Hildebrandt J, Hecht S, Stähler J. Uncovering the (un-)occupied electronic structure of a buried hybrid interface. J Phys Condens Matter 2019; 31:094001. [PMID: 30562727 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aaf98a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The energy level alignment at organic/inorganic (o/i) semiconductor interfaces is crucial for any light-emitting or -harvesting functionality. Essential is the access to both occupied and unoccupied electronic states directly at the interface, which is often deeply buried underneath thick organic films and challenging to characterize. We use several complementary experimental techniques to determine the electronic structure of p -quinquephenyl pyridine (5P-Py) adsorbed on ZnO(1 0 -1 0). The parent anchoring group, pyridine, significantly lowers the work function by up to 2.9 eV and causes an occupied in-gap state (IGS) directly below the Fermi level E F. Adsorption of upright-standing 5P-Py also leads to a strong work function reduction of up to 2.1 eV and to a similar IGS. The latter is then used as an initial state for the transient population of three normally unoccupied molecular levels through optical excitation and, due to its localization right at the o/i interface, provides interfacial sensitivity, even for thick 5P-Py films. We observe two final states above the vacuum level and one bound state at around 2 eV above E F, which we attribute to the 5P-Py LUMO. By the separate study of anchoring group and organic dye combined with the exploitation of the occupied IGS for selective interfacial photoexcitation, this work provides a new pathway for characterizing the electronic structure at buried o/i interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vempati
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Abt. Physikalische Chemie, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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