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Piffoux M, Delpon G, Ducrot C, Alexis A, Allignet B, Dupraz C, Egnell M, Kernec M, Milewski C, Rivera S, Vitré J, Ali D, Supiot S. Insights on the carbon footprint of radiotherapy in France. Cancer Radiother 2023; 27:487-490. [PMID: 37558609 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The French healthcare system is responsible for 8% of the national footprint. Achieving a net zero emissions scenario will require a 4-5 fold decrease of carbon emissions in the coming years. The carbon footprint of radiation therapy has not been specifically studied to date. In this review we summarize the content of the carbon footprint dedicated session at the annual meeting of the French society of radiation oncology (SFRO). We discuss the French healthcare system carbon footprint and its major drivers and our work on the estimation of the carbon footprint of external beam radiation therapy in the French setting. We developed a dedicated methodology to estimate the carbon footprint related to radiation therapies, and describe the main drivers of emissions based on a single centre as an example, namely patient's rides, accelerators acquisition and maintenance and data storage. Based on the carbon footprint calculated in our centres, we propose mitigation strategies and an estimation of their respective potential. Our results may be extrapolated to other occidental settings by adapting emission factors (kilograms of carbon per item or euro) to other national settings. External beam radiation therapy has a major carbon footprint that may be mitigated in many ways that may impact how radiation therapy treatments are delivered, as well as the national organization of the radiotherapy sector. This needs to be taken into account when thinking about the future of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Piffoux
- Département d'oncologie médicale, hospices civils de Lyon, Citohl, Lyon, France; Direction de la recherche clinique et de l'innovation, centre Léon-Bérard, Lyon, France.
| | - G Delpon
- Département de physique médicale, Institut de cancérologie de l'Ouest centre René-Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France; Laboratoire Subatech, UMR 6457 CNRS-IN2P3, IMT Atlantique, Nantes, France
| | - C Ducrot
- Département de chirurgie orthopédique, hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, hospices civils de Lyon, Bron, France; Laboratoire mort cellulaire et cancers de l'enfant, U1052, Inserm, U5286, CNRS, centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - A Alexis
- Département de physique médicale, Institut de cancérologie de l'Ouest centre René-Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France
| | - B Allignet
- Département de radiothérapie, centre Léon-Bérard, Lyon, France; Insa-Lyon, université Claude-Bernard Lyon-1, laboratoire Creatis UMR 5220, U1294, Lyon, France; Université Jean-Monnet, Saint-Étienne, France
| | - C Dupraz
- Direction de la recherche clinique et de l'innovation, centre Léon-Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - M Egnell
- The Shift Project, Paris, France
| | - M Kernec
- The Shift Project, Paris, France
| | - C Milewski
- Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - S Rivera
- Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - J Vitré
- Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - D Ali
- Centre de radiothérapie de Versailles, Versailles, France
| | - S Supiot
- Département de radiothérapie, Institut de cancérologie de l'Ouest centre René-Gauducheau, Saint-Herblain, France; Laboratoire US2B, CNRS UMR 6286, université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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2
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McGregor G, Powell R, Begg B, Birkett ST, Nichols S, Ennis S, McGuire S, Prosser J, Fiassam O, Hee SW, Hamborg T, Banerjee P, Hartfiel N, Charles JM, Edwards RT, Drane A, Ali D, Osman F, He H, Lachlan T, Haykowsky MJ, Ingle L, Shave R. High-intensity interval training in cardiac rehabilitation (HIIT or MISS UK): A multi-centre randomised controlled trial. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023:7031580. [PMID: 36753063 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of international consensus regarding the prescription of high-intensity interval exercise training (HIIT) for people with coronary artery disease (CAD) attending cardiac rehabilitation (CR). AIM To assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of low-volume HIIT compared with moderate intensity steady-state (MISS) exercise training for people with CAD. METHODS We conducted a multi-centre RCT, recruiting 382 patients from 6 outpatient CR centres. Participants were randomised to twice-weekly HIIT (n = 187) or MISS (n = 195) for 8 weeks. HIIT consisted of 10 × 1-minute intervals of vigorous exercise (>85% maximum capacity) interspersed with 1-minute periods of recovery. MISS was 20-40 minutes of moderate intensity continuous exercise (60-80% maximum capacity). The primary outcome was the change in cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen uptake, VO2 peak) at 8-week follow-up. Secondary outcomes included cardiovascular disease risk markers, cardiac structure and function, adverse events, and health-related quality of life. RESULTS At 8 weeks, VO2 peak improved more with HIIT (2.37 mL.kg-1.min-1; SD, 3.11) compared with MISS (1.32 mL.kg-1.min-1; SD, 2.66). After adjusting for age, sex and study site, the difference between arms was 1.04 mL.kg-1.min-1 (95% CI, 0.38 to 1.69; p = 0.002). Only 1 serious adverse event was possibly related to HIIT. CONCLUSIONS In stable CAD, low-volume HIIT improved cardiorespiratory fitness more than MISS by a clinically meaningful margin. Low-volume HIIT is a safe, well tolerated, and clinically effective intervention that produces short-term improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness. It should be considered by all CR programmes as an adjunct or alternative to MISS. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02784873. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02784873.
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Affiliation(s)
- G McGregor
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Centre for Exercise & Health, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK.,Centre for Sport Exercise & Life Sciences, Coventry University, UK.,Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - R Powell
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Centre for Exercise & Health, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK.,Centre for Sport Exercise & Life Sciences, Coventry University, UK
| | - B Begg
- Cardiff Centre for Exercise & Health, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Wales UK.,Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Gwent, Wales, UK
| | - S T Birkett
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences. Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - S Nichols
- Advanced Wellbeing Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.,Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - S Ennis
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Centre for Exercise & Health, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK.,Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - S McGuire
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Centre for Exercise & Health, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK.,Centre for Sport Exercise & Life Sciences, Coventry University, UK
| | - J Prosser
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Centre for Exercise & Health, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - O Fiassam
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Centre for Exercise & Health, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - S W Hee
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - T Hamborg
- Pragmatic Clinical Trials Unit, Centre for Evaluation and Methods, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - P Banerjee
- Centre for Sport Exercise & Life Sciences, Coventry University, UK.,Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - N Hartfiel
- Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation (CHEME), Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - J M Charles
- Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation (CHEME), Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - R T Edwards
- Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation (CHEME), Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - A Drane
- Cardiff Centre for Exercise & Health, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, Wales UK
| | - D Ali
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - F Osman
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - H He
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - T Lachlan
- Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - M J Haykowsky
- College of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - L Ingle
- Department of Sport, Health & Exercise Science, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - R Shave
- Centre for Heart Lung and Vascular Health, University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Canada
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Azongmo M, Zhu L, Lorenzo-Villalba N, Cardos B, Yerna M, Ali D. [A particular state of shock: spontaneous rupture of a heterotopic pregnancy]. Rev Med Liege 2023; 78:21-23. [PMID: 36634062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare pathology. It is defined as the coexistence of an intrauterine pregnancy and an extrauterine pregnancy, whatever its location. The presence of an intrauterine pregnancy in a woman of childbearing age does not therefore exclude the presence of an associated ectopic pregnancy. Late diagnosis can lead to fatal consequences for the mother, subsequent fertility as well as for the intrauterine pregnancy. We report the case of a 28-year old female patient, without any notion of assisted reproduction, who was admitted to the emergency department for hemorrhagic shock. The diagnosis of ruptured tubal heterotopic pregnancy was made intraoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Azongmo
- Service des Urgences, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - L Zhu
- Service des Urgences, Hôpital de Jolimont, La Louvière, Belgique
| | - N Lorenzo-Villalba
- Service de Médecine Interne, Diabète et Maladies métaboliques, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France
| | - B Cardos
- Département des Sciences de la Santé publique, ULiège, Belgique
| | - M Yerna
- Service des Urgences, CHC MontLégia, Liège, Belgique
| | - D Ali
- Service des Urgences, CHC MontLégia, Liège, Belgique
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4
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Gach-Kuniewicz B, Goncerz G, Ali D, Kacprzyk M, Zarzecki M, Loukas M, Walocha J, Mizia E. Variations of coronary sinus tributaries among patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2022; 82:282-290. [PMID: 35607878 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2022.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In cardiac resynchronization therapy, the coronary venous system is used for left ventricular pacing electrode placement. Despite the well-known anatomy of the coronary sinus and its tributaries, heart failure patients' remodeled and enlarged left ventricles may impede the successful lead placement because of acquired anatomical obstacles. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-five patients qualified for cardiac resynchronization therapy treatment (CRT) were divided into ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. Forty-four control groups without heart failure underwent dual-source computed tomography (CT). Rendered reconstructions of cardiac coronary systems were compared. RESULTS The presence of main tributaries was comparable in all groups. The left marginal vein, small cardiac vein, and oblique vein of the left atrium were present in 63%, 60%, and 51% of the hearts in all the groups. CRT referred CT's had significantly longer distances between posterior and lateral cardiac veins over the left ventricle (p < 0.05), wider angles of tributaries (p = 0.03), and smaller lumen of coronary sinus (p = 0.03). In the non-ischemic group, the posterior interventricular and great cardiac veins are more extensive than in the control group. Age-related analysis of vessel size shows a moderate correlation between age and diminishing mean vessel size in all the groups studied. CONCLUSIONS The general structure of the coronary heart system is consistent in patients with and without heart failure. The variance of the general structure, or the presence of adequate veins, is an individual variation. The use of CT and analysis of the coronary veins allow better planning of the CRT-D implantation procedure and may reduce the risk of ineffective left ventricular electrode implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gach-Kuniewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| | - G Goncerz
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - D Ali
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Kacprzyk
- Department of Electrocardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Zarzecki
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Loukas
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, Grenada, West Indies.,Department of Anatomy, Varmia and Mazury University, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - J Walocha
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - E Mizia
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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5
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Stilmant AC, Zhu L, Gorur Y, Cardos B, Yerna M, Ali D. [Fatal serotonin syndrome induced by ecstasy consumption]. Rev Med Liege 2022; 77:8-12. [PMID: 35029334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of amphetamines and amphetamine derivatives such as ecstasy can cause serotonin toxic syndrome, an uncommon but potentially serious adverse effect. Although most of the reported cases evolve spontaneously and favourably, in rare cases, serious complications can occur leading to the death of the patient. We report the case of a 27-year-old man admitted to our emergency department for altered consciousness with hyperthermia at 42°C after illicit drug use. The patient developed severe multivisceral failure and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy despite maximalist management focused on cooling and multiorgan supportive therapy. The patient died within hours of admission. The diagnosis is essentially based on the patient history and clinical examination. The first treatment is to stop the toxic and then, to treat the symptoms and support possible organ failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Stilmant
- Service des Urgences, CHC MontLégia, Liège, Belgique
| | - L Zhu
- Service des Urgences, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - Y Gorur
- Service de Radiologie, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique
| | - B Cardos
- Service des Urgences, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique
| | - M Yerna
- ) Service des Urgences, CHC MontLégia, Liège, Belgique
| | - D Ali
- Service des Urgences, CHC MontLégia, Liège, Belgique
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6
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Moga DC, Abner EL, Schmitt FA, Eckmann L, Huffmyer M, Martinez AI, Beech BF, George R, El Khouli RH, Ali D, Jicha GA. Intervention for Cognitive Reserve Enhancement in Delaying the Onset of Alzheimer’s Symptomatic Expression (INCREASE) Study: Results from a Randomized Controlled Study of Medication Therapy Management Targeting a Delay in Prodromal Dementia Symptom Progression. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2022; 9:646-654. [PMID: 36281668 PMCID: PMC9145115 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2022.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Cognitive reserve has been hypothesized as a mechanism to explain differences in individual risk for symptomatic expression of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Inappropriate medications may diminish cognitive reserve, precipitating the transition from preclinical AD (pAD) to a symptomatic state. To date, there is limited data on the potential impact of medication optimization as a potential tool for slowing the symptomatic expression of AD. Objectives (1) To test the efficacy of a medication therapy management intervention designed to bolster cognitive reserve in community-dwelling older adults without dementia. (2) To evaluate the efficacy of intervention by baseline pAD status. Design A 1-year randomized controlled trial was conducted in community-dwelling older adults without dementia. Randomization was stratified by amyloid β positron emission tomography levels. Setting Community-based, Lexington, Kentucky. Participants Adults 65 years or older with no evidence of dementia and reporting at least one potentially inappropriate medication as listed in the Beers 2015 criteria were recruited. The study aimed to enroll 90 participants based on the a priori sample size calculation. Intervention Medication therapy management versus standard of care. Measurements Primary outcomes were: (1) one-year changes in the Medication Appropriateness Index; (2) one-year changes in Trail Making Test B under scopolamine challenge. Results The medication therapy management intervention resulted in significant improvement in Medication Appropriateness Index scores. Overall, there was no beneficial effect of the medication therapy management on Trail Making Test B scores, however stratified analysis demonstrated improvement in Trail Making Test B challenged scores associated with the medication therapy management for those with elevated amyloid β positron emission tomography levels consistent with pAD. Conclusions Medication therapy management can reduce inappropriate medication use in older adults at risk for AD. Our study indicated beneficial cognitive effects in those with preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease. No statistically significant effects were evident in the study group as a whole, or in those without preclinical cerebral amyloidosis. Further work designed to improve the effectiveness of the medication therapy management approach and defining other preclinical pathologic states that may benefit from medication optimization are readily achievable goals for promoting improved cognitive health and potentially delaying the onset of symptomatic AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Moga
- Daniela C. Moga, 241 Lee T. Todd Jr. Building, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, 859-323-9682,
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Ali D, Tran P, Weight N, Ennis S, Weickert M, Miller M, Cappuccio F, Banerjee P. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) pathophysiology study (IDENTIFY-HF): rise in arterial stiffness associates with HFpEF with increase in comorbidities. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.0722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There has been a shift in paradigm proposing that comorbidities play a significant role towards the pathophysiology of the heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) syndrome. Further, HFpEF patients have abnormal macrovascular function, potentially contributing significantly in altered ventricular-vascular coupling in these patients. However, our full understanding of the role of comorbidities, arterial stiffness and it relationship with HFpEF remains incomplete.
Purpose
The IDENTIFY-HF study aims to shed light on the HFpEF pathophysiology and investigates whether gradually increase in arterial stiffness (in addition to ageing) due to increasing common comorbidities, such as hypertension and diabetes, is associated with HFpEF.
Methods
Arterial compliance was assessed in five groups (Groups A to E) matched for age, (≥70 years), sex and renal function: Group A; normal healthy volunteers without major comorbidities (control). Group B; patients with hypertension only. Group C; patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus only. Group D; patients with HFpEF. Group E; patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF); the parallel group. Arterial compliance was assessed using pulse wave velocity (PWV), as the primary outcome measure and was compared between Group A to D. A separate comparison was made between Groups D and E. To avoid confounding factors, participants were asked to omit their morning blood pressure medication and abstain from caffeine for 12 hours prior to the study.
Results
From the 95 volunteers recruited, PWV was obtained in 94 subjects. The mean PWV in group A, B, C, D and E was 10.2-, 12.2-, 13.0-, 13.7- and 10.0 m/s respectively. After adjusting for covariance (age, sex, BMI and renal function), the mean difference between Group A (healthy volunteers) and D (HFpEF) was 2.14 m/s (p=0.023). Whilst the mean difference between the HFpEF and HFrEF group D and E respectively was 2.68 m/s (p=0.003).
Conclusion
Rise in comorbidities increases arterial stiffness, as measured by pulse wave velocity, which in turn significantly associates with HFpEF (p=0.023). It is therefore possible that the HFpEF syndrome may not be due to a primary cardiac pathology but rather an end-result of non-cardiac comorbidities affecting vascular resistance with perhaps some secondary cardiac involvement.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): 1)West Midlands Clinical Research Network, National Institute of Health Research, UK2)Research, Development & Innovation department of the University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust (RDI, UHCW), UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ali
- Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS, Harefield, United Kingdom
| | - P Tran
- University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Cardiology, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - N Weight
- University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Cardiology, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - S Ennis
- University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Cardiology, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - M Weickert
- University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Cardiology, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - M Miller
- University of Warwick, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - F Cappuccio
- University of Warwick, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - P Banerjee
- University of Warwick, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Sesamol is the main constituent of sesame seed oil and is obtained from Sesamum indicum. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common neoplasms affecting the oral cavity. In this study, we investigated the cytotoxic potentials of sesamol on human oral squamous carcinoma (SCC-25) cells. Human oral squamous carcinoma cells were treated with different concentrations (62.5, 125, and 250 μM/mL) of sesamol for 24 h. Cytotoxicity was analyzed by 3- (4, 5- dimethylthiazol -2- yl) -2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression was investigated by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate assay. Apoptosis-related morphology was analyzed by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining. Caspase-9 expression was analyzed by confocal microscopic double immunofluorescence staining. Mitochondrial apoptosis-related markers are analyzed using qPCR. Sesamol treatment caused a significant cytotoxic effect in OSCC cells. Sesamol-induced cytotoxic effect was associated with intracellular ROS generation. Sesamol treatments induced a significant increase in the early and late apoptotic cells. This treatment also induced caspase-9 expression in OSCC cells. Sesamol treatments caused downregulation of Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (HRAS) expression at protein and gene levels. Sesamol treatment modulates intrinsic apoptotic marker gene expression in OSCC cells. Overall results confirm the anti-cancer potential of sesamol and it seems to be a promising candidate for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ezhilarasan
- Department of Pharmacology, The Blue Laboratory, Molecular Medicine and Toxicology Division, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, 194347Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - D Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Varghese
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, 37442University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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9
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Nebie A, Ali D, Bosquee L, Gorur Y, Cardos B. [Central nervous system tuberculosis : don't miss the diagnosis !]. Rev Med Liege 2020; 75:703-705. [PMID: 33155442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We are presented a 35-year-old patient with no previous relevant medical history who was admitted to the emergency department for fever, altered mental status and diffuse abdominal pain. Initial evaluation failed to the demonstrated the presence of thoracic or abdominal deep infection. The clinical course was marked by a deterioration of the neurological condition. The cerebral MRI showed diffuse and extensive involvement of the brainstem and cerebellar hemispheres associated with hydrocephalus consistent with tuberculous meningoencephalitis. Antituberculous therapy was started with some delay but no clinical improvement was achieved and the patient died.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nebie
- Services des Urgences, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - D Ali
- Services des Urgences, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - L Bosquee
- Service de Pneumologie, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique
| | - Y Gorur
- Service de Radiologie, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique
| | - B Cardos
- Services des Urgences, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique
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10
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Ali D, Gorur Y, Cardos B. [Complication of a successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation]. Rev Med Liege 2020; 75:565-568. [PMID: 32909405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A case of bilateral extensive subcutaneous emphysema secondary to external cardiac massage is reported. This is a rare complication. It occurs with a pneumothorax after resuscitation maneuvers. The diagnosis is based on a bundle of anamnestic, clinical and radiological arguments. This case demonstrates the importance of performing a simple prehospital thoracostomy on the finger without chest tube placement and demonstrates the need for systematic investigation of possible complications in any patient who has undergone external cardiac massage.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ali
- Service des Urgences, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - Y Gorur
- Service d'Imagerie médicale, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - B Cardos
- Service des Urgences, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique
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11
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Ali D, Gorur Y, Cardos B. [Postpartum cerebral thrombophlebitis : a diagnosis not to be missed]. Rev Med Liege 2020; 75:529-531. [PMID: 32779905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral thrombophlebitis is a rare but serious complication of pregnancy and postpartum. This condition is characterized by a misleading symptomatology. It must be systematically discussed in case of the persistence of a headache in the aftermath of childbirth and the diagnosis must be confirmed early with the help of computed tomography and cerebral magnetic resonance. NMR is the reference examination. The treatment is essentially based on anticoagulants. The functional prognosis remains good if the diagnosis is made in time and the treatment is initiated early. We report the case of a young 25-year-old woman who presented postpartum cerebral thrombophlebitis with a late diagnosis. The evolution was marked by severe neurological sequelae. This is why we emphasize the interest of imaging in the early diagnosis of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ali
- Service des Urgences, CHC Saint-Joseph, Liège, Belgique
| | - Y Gorur
- Service de Radiologie, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique
| | - B Cardos
- Service des Urgences, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique
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Elsherif W, Ali D. Antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles on antibiotic resistant E. coli O157:H7 isolated from some dairy products. BJVM 2020. [DOI: 10.15547/bjvm.2019-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Food safety is a worldwide health goal so foodborne diseases are a main health concern. A total 150 of dairy products samples (locally made yoghurt, ice cream and Talaga cheese) (50 for each type) were examined for E.coli O157:H7 detection and PCR confirmation using fliCH7 gene. E. coli O157:H7 was detected at 18%, 4%, 8% respectively, in samples. The isolates showed broad antibiotic resistance against vancomycin (84.6%), penicillin G (76.9%), cloxacillin (69.2%) and tetracycline (61.5%). Because of increasing number of microorganisms that are resistant to multiple antibiotics causing continuing economic losses in dairy manufacturing, there is an urgent need for development of alternative, cost-effective, and efficient antimicrobial agents to overcome antimicrobial resistance. Here, silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) solution was prepared, identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with an average size 26.5 nm and examined for bactericidal activity against E. coli O157:H7 by using well diffusion assay. The mean inhibition zones of 25 and 50 µg/ml concentrations of Ag-NPs were 15.0±1.2 and 20.9±1.4 mm, respectively. In addition, the statistical analysis showed highly significant differences in the bactericidal effect of different Ag-NPs concentrations on E. coli O157:H7 strains. Bacterial sensitivity to nanoparticles is a key factor in manufacture, so nanoparticles were considered suitable for long life application in food packaging and food safety.
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13
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Ali D, Gorur Y, Cardos B. [Mediastinal hydatid cyst]. Rev Med Liege 2019; 74:561-562. [PMID: 31729842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mediastinal hydatid cyst is an exceptional pathology that poses a problem of diagnosis with the other cystic lesions of the mediastinum. Diagnosis is suspected on ultrasound and CT exams and confirmed by surgical findings and histopathological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ali
- Service des Urgences, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | - Y Gorur
- Service de Radiologie, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique
| | - B Cardos
- Service des Urgences, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique
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Ali D, Gorur Y, Bosquée L, Cardos B, Lorenzo Villalba N. [Hypoxemic measles pneumonitis in an immunocompetent adult]. Rev Med Liege 2019; 74:499-502. [PMID: 31609551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Measles is a highly contagious viral disease and one of the biggest causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Transmission occurs from person to person through direct contact or by aerosolization of pharyngeal secretions. It can be responsible for severe respiratory and neurological complications. The diagnosis is clinical, confirmed by serology, PCR or culture of the measles virus. Treatment is symptomatic and prevention is based on a well conducted vaccination. In severe cases, the use of vitamin A is recommended by the World Health Organization, at least in chidren. Antivirals (ribavirin) have not been shown to be effective in clinical practice. We present a severe respiratory form of measles, affecting a young immunocompetent adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ali
- Service des Urgences, CHC Saint-Joseph, Liège, Belgique
| | - Y Gorur
- Service d'Imagerie médicale, CHU Liège, Belgique
| | | | - B Cardos
- Service des Urgences, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique
| | - N Lorenzo Villalba
- Service de Médecine interne, Diabète et Maladies métaboliques, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France
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Elghazawy H, Alorabi M, Helal T, Aref A, Kelany M, Eid Abdallah L, Sayed F, Ali D, Zaki D, Ahmed M. Clinico-pathological relationship between androgen receptor (AR) and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz095.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Katubi KM, Alzahrani FM, Ali D, Alarifi S. Dose- and duration-dependent cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human hepato carcinoma cells due to CdTe QDs exposure. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:914-926. [PMID: 30995871 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119843578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has achieved more commercial attention over recent years, and its application has increased concerns about its discharge in the environment. In this study, we have chosen human hepatic carcinoma (HuH-7) cells because liver tissue has played an important role in human metabolism. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine DNA damaging and apoptotic potential of cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs; average particle size (APS) 10 nm, 1-25 µg/ml) on HuH-7 cells and the basic molecular mechanism of its cellular toxicity. Cytotoxicity of different concentrations of CdTe QDs on HuH-7 cells was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) tests. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA damage, and Hoechst 33342 fluorescent staining morphological analysis of necrotic/apoptotic cells were detected; cellular impairment in mitochondria and DNA was confirmed by JC-1 and comet assay, respectively. A dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity effect of CdTe QDs exposure was observed HuH-7 cells; the significant (p < 0.05) cytotoxicity was found at 25 μg/ml of CdTe QDs exposure. The percentage of cytotoxicity of CdTe QDs (25 μg/ml) in HuH-7 cells reached 62% in 48 h. CdTe QDs elicited intracellular ROS generation and mitochondrial depolarization, and DNA integrity cells collectively advocated the apoptotic cell death at higher concentration. DNA damage was observed in cells due to CdTe QDs exposure, which was mediated by oxidative stress. This study exploring the effects of CdTe QDs in HuH-7 cells has provided valuable insights into the mechanism of toxicity induced by CdTe QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Katubi
- 1 Chemistry Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - F M Alzahrani
- 1 Chemistry Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - D Ali
- 2 Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Alarifi
- 2 Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alkahtane AA, Albasher G, Al-Sultan NK, Alqahtani WS, Alarifi S, Almeer RS, Alghamdi J, Ali D, Alahmari A, Alkahtani S. Long-term treatment with finasteride induces apoptosis and pathological changes in female mice. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:762-774. [PMID: 30943778 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119842195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Androgenetic alopecia is the most common type of alopecia, and it affects humans of both genders. Finasteride is a type II selective 5α-reductase inhibitor that is administered orally to treat androgenetic alopecia and benign prostatic hyperplasia in human males. However, its effect on the vital organs of females is unknown. This study was designed to investigate the effects of finasteride on the vital organs such as liver, kidney, and heart of female mice. To study the prospective effects of finasteride, female mice were orally administered two doses of finasteride (0.5 and 1.5 mg/kg) once daily for 35 days, and serum levels of various biochemical parameters and histopathology of various organs were examined. The results showed that serum levels of alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased by both high- and low-dose finasteride, whereas cholesterol was significantly increased by the high dose only. Creatine kinase was significantly increased by the high and low doses, whereas glucose was significantly decreased by both doses. Histopathological analysis and DNA damage assays showed that finasteride has adverse effects within both the short and the long periods in female mice. In addition, the proapoptotic genes Bax and caspase-3 were significantly increased by high dose finasteride, whereas the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 was significantly decreased by the low and high doses. In conclusion, finasteride is not currently approved for therapeutic use in females, and the findings in this study suggest caution in any future consideration of such use.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Alkahtane
- 1 Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - G Albasher
- 1 Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N K Al-Sultan
- 1 Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - W S Alqahtani
- 2 Department of Forensic Biology, College of Forensic Sciences, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Alarifi
- 1 Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R S Almeer
- 1 Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Alghamdi
- 1 Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - D Ali
- 1 Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Alahmari
- 3 Department of Biology, Science College, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Alkahtani
- 1 Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Aal AA, Mahmoud K, Moawad S, Ertel N, Hamed B, Ali D, Massoud M, Shawali I, Rageeb P, Mokhtar A, Almehmi A. Abstract No. 583 Urgent-start peritoneal dialysis catheter placement: outcomes of radiologic versus laparoscopic techniques. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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19
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Ali D, Cardos B. [Upper extremity deep venous effort thrombosis : management of the Paget-Schroetter syndrome in the emergency department]. Rev Med Liege 2017; 72:432-435. [PMID: 29058833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of upper extremity deep venous effort thrombosis complicating a thoracic outlet syndrome in a 44-year-old patient. The appearance of this complication was sudden. A clinical examination followed by imaging with phlebography leads to a quick diagnosis. Effort thrombosis is a classic example of an entity which, if treated correctly, has minimal long-term sequelae but, if ignored, is associated with significant long-term morbidity. An appropriate medical and interventional care has been implemented as soon as possible. Once primary thrombosis is recognized, catheter-directed thrombolytic therapy is usually successful if initiated early, but often unmasks an underlying problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ali
- Service des Urgences, CHU de liège, site Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgique
| | - B Cardos
- Service des Urgences, Clinique André Renard, Herstal, Belgique
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Alam M, Alandis NM, Sharmin E, Ahmad N, Alrayes BF, Ali D. Characterization of Leucaena ( Leucaena leucephala) oil by direct analysis in real time (DART) ion source and gas chromatography. Grasas y Aceites 2017. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.0939162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, we report the characterization of triacylglycerols and fatty acids in Leucaena (Leucaena leucephala) oil [LUCO], an unexplored nontraditional non-medicinal plant belonging to the family Fabaceae. LUCO was converted to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). We analyzed the triacylglycerols (TAGs) of pure LUCO and their FAMEs by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) followed by multivariate analysis for discrimination among the FAMEs. Our investigations for the analysis of LUCO samples represent noble features of glycerides. A new type of ion source, coupled with high-resolution TOF-MS was applied for the comprehensive analysis of triacylglycerols. The composition of fatty acid based LUCO oil was studied using Gas Chromatography (GC-FID). The major fatty acid components of LUCO oil are linoleic acid (52.08%) oleic acid (21.26%), palmitic acid (7.91%) and stearic acid (6.01%). A metal analysis in LUCO was done by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The structural elucidation and thermal stability of LUCO were studied by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques and TGA-DSC, respectively. We also measured the cytotoxicity of LUCO.
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Ashmore D, Dave R, Ugar A, Carmichael F, Scarsbrook A, Sayers C, Pereira O, Ali D. Surgical management of neck exploration: A retrospective audit. Int J Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.07.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bassam Bdeir M, Conboy T, Farah I, Habeeb A, Odeh R, Alameen A, Fadel E, Khateeb M, Rabai R, Ali D, Zeineddine M, Alanzi S, Mallah M. 32. Incidence and predictors of progression of Coronary Artery Disease among high risk patients with recurrent symptoms. J Saudi Heart Assoc 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsha.2015.05.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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23
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Guillet A, Brocard A, Bach Ngohou K, Graveline N, Leloup AG, Ali D, Nguyen JM, Loirat MJ, Chevalier C, Khammari A, Dreno B. Verneuil's disease, innate immunity and vitamin D: a pilot study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:1347-53. [PMID: 25512084 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Verneuil's disease is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of the follicles in apocrine glands rich area of the skin (axillary, inguinal, anogenital) and is associated with a deficient skin innate immunity. It is characterized by the occurrence of nodules, abscesses, fistulas, scars. Recently, vitamin D has been shown to stimulate skin innate immunity. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of the study was to assess whether Verneuil's disease was associated with vitamin D deficiency. The secondary objective was to determine whether vitamin D supplementation could improve inflammatory lesions. METHODS First, 25(OH) vitamin D3 serum levels in patients with Verneuil's disease followed at Nantes University Hospital were compared to those of healthy donors from the French Blood Bank. Then, a pilot study was conducted in 14 patients supplemented with vitamin D according to their vitamin D level at baseline at months 3 and 6. The endpoints at 6 months were decreased by at least 20% in the number of nodules and in the frequency of flare-ups. RESULTS Twenty-two patients (100%) had vitamin D deficiency (level <30 ng/mL) of whom 36% were severely deficient (level <10 ng/mL), having correlation with the disease severity (P = 0.03268) vs. 20 controls with vitamin D deficiency (91%) of whom 14% were severely deficient. In 14 patients, the supplementation significantly decreased the number of nodules at 6 months (P = 0.01133), and the endpoints were achieved in 79% of these patients. A correlation between the therapeutic success and the importance of the increase in vitamin D level after supplementation was observed (P = 0.01099). CONCLUSION Our study shows that Verneuil's disease is associated with a major vitamin D deficiency, correlated with the disease severity. It suggests that vitamin D could significantly improve the inflammatory nodules, probably by stimulating the skin innate immunity. A larger randomized study is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Guillet
- Service de Dermato-Cancérologie, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - A Brocard
- Service de Dermato-Cancérologie, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - K Bach Ngohou
- Laboratoire de radio-immunologie, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - N Graveline
- Laboratoire de radio-immunologie, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - A-G Leloup
- Laboratoire de radio-immunologie, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - D Ali
- Laboratoire de radio-immunologie, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - J-M Nguyen
- Service de santé publique PIMESP, Hôpital Saint Jacques, Nantes, France
| | - M-J Loirat
- Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - C Chevalier
- Etablissement Français du Sang, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - A Khammari
- Service de Dermato-Cancérologie, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - B Dreno
- Service de Dermato-Cancérologie, CHU Hôtel-Dieu, Nantes, France
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Hamam D, Ali D, Vishnubalaji R, Hamam R, Al-Nbaheen M, Chen L, Kassem M, Aldahmash A, Alajez NM. microRNA-320/RUNX2 axis regulates adipocytic differentiation of human mesenchymal (skeletal) stem cells. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1499. [PMID: 25356868 PMCID: PMC4237271 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms promoting lineage-specific commitment of human mesenchymal (skeletal or stromal) stem cells (hMSCs) into adipocytes (ADs) are not fully understood. Thus, we performed global microRNA (miRNA) and gene expression profiling during adipocytic differentiation of hMSC, and utilized bioinformatics as well as functional and biochemical assays, and identified several novel miRNAs differentially expressed during adipogenesis. Among these, miR-320 family (miR-320a, 320b, 320c, 320d and 320e) were ~2.2–3.0-fold upregulated. Overexpression of miR-320c in hMSC enhanced adipocytic differentiation and accelerated formation of mature ADs in ex vivo cultures. Integrated analysis of bioinformatics and global gene expression profiling in miR-320c overexpressing cells and during adipocytic differentiation of hMSC identified several biologically relevant gene targets for miR-320c including RUNX2, MIB1 (mindbomb E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1), PAX6 (paired box 6), YWHAH and ZWILCH. siRNA-mediated silencing of those genes enhanced adipocytic differentiation of hMSC, thus corroborating an important role for those genes in miR-320c-mediated adipogenesis. Concordant with that, lentiviral-mediated stable expression of miR-320c at physiological levels (~1.5-fold) promoted adipocytic and suppressed osteogenic differentiation of hMSC. Luciferase assay validated RUNX2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2) as a bona fide target for miR-320 family. Therefore, our data suggest miR-320 family as possible molecular switch promoting adipocytic differentiation of hMSC. Targeting miR-320 may have therapeutic potential in vivo through regulation of bone marrow adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hamam
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - D Ali
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Vishnubalaji
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Hamam
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Al-Nbaheen
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - L Chen
- KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - M Kassem
- 1] Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [2] KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - A Aldahmash
- 1] Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia [2] KMEB, Department of Endocrinology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - N M Alajez
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Servagi-Vernat S, Ali D, Espinoza S, Houle A, Laccourreye O, Giraud P. Organes à risque en radiothérapie conformationnelle des tumeurs de la tête et du cou : aspect pratique de leur délinéation et des contraintes de dose. Cancer Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Servagi-Vernat S, Ali D, Espinoza S, Houle A, Laccourreye O, Giraud P. Organes à risque en radiothérapie conformationnelle des tumeurs de la tête et du cou : aspect pratique de leur délinéation et des contraintes de dose. Cancer Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Servagi-Vernat S, Ali D, Espinoza S, Houle A, Laccourreye O, Giraud P. Organes à risque en radiothérapie conformationnelle des tumeurs de la tête et du cou : aspect pratique de leur délinéation et des contraintes de dose. Cancer Radiother 2013; 17:695-704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Ali D, Fokkert MJ, Slingerland RJ, Tolsma R, Ishak M, Van Eenennaam F, Bruheim K, Ten Berg J, Hoes A, Van 'T Hof AWJ. Feasibility of pre-hospital chest pain triage at home or in the ambulance by paramedics using the HEART score based upon a single high-sensitive troponin T analysis. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.p4051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Servagi Vernat S, Ali D, Puyraveau M, Lisbona A, Fenoglietto P, Bedos L, Giraud P. PO-0804: A dosimetric comparison of helical tomotherapy and volumetric modulated arc therapy for oropharyngeal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)33110-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ali D, Vernat SS, Viard R, Fenoglietto P, Lisbona A, Lacornerie T, Pyuraveau M, Giraud P. PO-0728 ROTATIONAL IMRT IN HEAD AND NECK CANCER: A COMPARATIVE MULTICENTER PLANNING STUDY. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)71061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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31
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Servagi-Vernat S, Ali D, Viard R, Fenoglietto P, Lisbona A, Zefkili S, Bosset JF, Giraud P. Étude dosimétrique et évaluation de fonctions objectives développées en RCMI. Cancer Radiother 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2011.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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32
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Ali D, Servagi-Vernat S, Halimi P, Berges O, Deberne M, Botti M, Giraud P. Recommandations de délinéation des organes à risque en radiothérapie ORL. Cancer Radiother 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2011.07.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Bdeir B, Al Mallah M, Conboy T, Mukhtar A, Omer H, Odeh R, Farah I, Al-Khateeb M, Tayiem A, Rabai R, El Tayeeb A, Fadel E, Ali D, Al Dossari H. SHA 020. Impact of a nurse-led heart failure program on all cause mortality in Saudi Arabia. J Saudi Heart Assoc 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsha.2011.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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34
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Bdeir, Abolfotouh, Mukhtar A, Omer H, Ali D, Khateeb MA, Tayyeb AE, Fadel A, Farah I, Odeh R, Rabai R, Tayiem, Al Dossari H. SHA 058. Predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with heart failure at King Abdulaziz Medical City Cardiac Center – Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Saudi Heart Assoc 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsha.2011.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Ali D. Place de la radiothérapie dans le traitement local du cancer du sein d’emblée métastatique. Cancer Radiother 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2010.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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36
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Abstract
This study examined rates and predictors of self-reported HIV testing and willingness to test among married men aged 15-59 in Uganda. The data are nationally representative and drawn from the 2000-01 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey. The results of multiple regression analyses indicate that knowledge about AIDS, a history of paying for sex, spousal communication about HIV prevention, secondary or higher education, household wealth, and neighbourhood knowledge of a test site are associated with an increased likelihood of HIV testing. The higher the frequency of injection use in the past 3 months and the greater the level of interest in learning how to help one's partner have a safe pregnancy, the higher was the likelihood of willingness to test for HIV. Findings suggest that voluntary counselling and testing programmes need to target older married men aged 30-59 and expand services to the Northern region, where previously untested men indicated significantly higher desires of HIV testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Gage
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Dept. of International Health and Development, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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37
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Lisbona A, Averbeck D, Supiot S, Delpon G, Ali D, Vinas F, Diana C, Murariu C, Lagrange JL. [IMRT combined to IGRT: increase of the irradiated volume. Consequences?]. Cancer Radiother 2010; 14:563-70. [PMID: 20729117 DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2010.07.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2010] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) combined or not with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) are new and very useful techniques. However, these new techniques are responsible of irradiation at low dose in large volumes. The control of alignment, realignment of the patient and target positioning in external beam radiotherapy are increasingly performed by radiological imaging devices. The management of this medical imaging depends on the practice of each radiotherapy centre. The physical doses due to the IGRT are however quantifiable and traceable. In one hand, these doses appear justified for a better targeting and could be considered negligible in the context of radiotherapy. On the other hand, the potential impact of these low doses should deserve the consideration of professionals. It appears important therefore to report and consider not only doses in target volumes and in "standard" organs at risk, but also the volume of all tissue receiving low doses of radiation. The recent development of IMRT launches the same issue concerning the effects of low doses of radiation. Indeed, IMRT increases the volume of healthy tissue exposed to radiation. At low dose (<100mGy), many parameters have to be considered for health risk estimations: the induction of genes and activation of proteins, bystander effect, radio-adaptation, the specific low-dose radio-hypersensitivity and individual radiation sensitivity. With the exception of the latter, the contribution of these parameters is generally protective in terms of carcinogenesis. An analysis of secondary cancers arising out of field appears to confirm such notion. The risk of secondary tumours is not well known in these conditions of treatment associating IMRT and IGRT. It is therefore recommended that the dose due to imaging during therapeutic irradiation be reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lisbona
- CLCC Nantes-Atlantique, boulevard Jacques-Monod, 44805 Saint-Herblain, France
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38
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Ali D. Genotoxicity of combined exposure to benz(e)acephenanthrylene and UV-A by using human skin cell line. Toxicol Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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39
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Abstract
Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program and the European Concerted Action on survival and Care of Cancer Patients (EUROCARE) project indicate that approximately 6% of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer have stage IV disease, representing approximately 12 600 new cases per year in the United States in 2005. Historically, local therapy of the primary tumor in this setting has been aimed solely at symptom palliation. However, several studies suggest that surgical excision or exclusive irradiation of the primary tumor can prolong these patients' survival. In contrast, the impact of surgical dissection of regional lymph nodes and postoperative radiotherapy is poorly documented, and the patient subgroups most likely to benefit from treatment of the primary tumor remain to be identified. Two prospective studies are currently examining the benefits of locoregional therapy compared with systemic therapy alone in this setting. Here, we discuss current issues regarding treatment of the primary tumor in breast cancer patients with synchronous metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ali
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre René Huguenin, Saint Cloud, France
| | - R Le Scodan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre René Huguenin, Saint Cloud, France.
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Ali D, Honne H, Danielsen S, Cekaite L, Meling G, Rognum T, Lothe R, Lind G. 694 Identification of novel epigenetic biomarkers in colorectal cancer, GLDC and PPP1R14A. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)71491-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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41
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MIma T, Ueki Y, Koganemaru S, Ali D, Nagamine T, Fukuyama H. Aging alters human primary motor cortex (M1) plasticity produced by paired associative stimulation (PAS). Brain Stimul 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2008.06.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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42
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Ali D. Negotiating HIV-related ethical dilemmas. Focus 2001; 17:1-2. [PMID: 11826434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
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MacArthur J, Stennies GM, Macheso A, Kolczak MS, Green MD, Ali D, Barat LM, Kazembe PN, Ruebush TK. Efficacy of mefloquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum infection in Machinga District, Malawi, 1998. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2001; 65:679-84. [PMID: 11791956 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2001.65.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to the spread of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum, Malaŵi changed its first-line antimalarial drug in 1993 from chloroquine to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP). Surveillance data has suggested that resistance to SP may be increasing. We compared the efficacy of SP with a potential successor, mefloquine (MQ). By use of a modified World Health Organization in vivo protocol, children infected with P. falciparum were randomized to receive SP (sulfadoxine 25 mg/kg) or MQ (15 mg/kg). We observed combined RII and RIII parasitologic failures of 20.0 and 22.0% in the SP and MQ arms, respectively. Among those in the MQ arm, the relative hazard of failing with a Day 2 drug level < 500 ng/mL was 10.6 times higher than those with levels > or = 500 ng/mL. Given the decreased efficacy of the first-line antimalarial drug and the high failure rates of MQ at this lower dosage, Malaŵi should consider assessing the efficacy and feasibility of alternative drugs to treat uncomplicated falciparum malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- J MacArthur
- Malaria Epidemiology Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341-3717, USA.
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Abstract
This paper illustrates a method of planning the geographic distribution of health facilities in order to maximize the social benefits achievable from the investment. Data from Bangladesh have been used to determine the optimal distribution of emergency obstetric care (EOC) facilities in the country using the estimates of average social cost per woman. Costs incurred by households, including the costs associated with maternal mortality, tend to increase with increasing radius of a facility's catchment area. The average facility-based costs tend to decline with increasing radius due to lower per capita capital expenditures. The summation of these two average cost functions generates a U-shaped curve. In this research, the minimum point of the aggregated average cost curve defines the 'optimal' radius of a health facility. The catchment area defined by the optimal radius minimizes the average social cost of providing EOC services in a region. The empirical analysis suggests that the optimal radius for the 20 regions of Bangladesh varies from about 6 to 12 km. If the optimal radius of the catchment area is used in planning health centre locations, Bangladesh will need to set up 450 EOC facilities; currently there are only 90 such facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Khan
- Department of Health Systems Management, Tulane University School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
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Demure B, Luippold RS, Bigelow C, Ali D, Mundt KA, Liese B. Video display terminal workstation improvement program: I. Baseline associations between musculoskeletal discomfort and ergonomic features of workstations. J Occup Environ Med 2000; 42:783-91. [PMID: 10953815 DOI: 10.1097/00043764-200008000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Associations between selected sites of musculoskeletal discomfort and ergonomic characteristics of the video display terminal (VDT) workstation were assessed in analyses controlling for demographic, psychosocial stress, and VDT use factors in 273 VDT users from a large administrative department. Significant associations with wrist/hand discomfort were seen for female gender; working 7+ hours at a VDT; low job satisfaction; poor keyboard position; use of new, adjustable furniture; and layout of the workstation. Significantly increased odds ratios for neck/shoulder discomfort were observed for 7+ hours at a VDT, less than complete job control, older age (40 to 49 years), and never/infrequent breaks. Lower back discomfort was related marginally to working 7+ hours at a VDT. These results demonstrate that some characteristics of VDT workstations, after accounting for psychosocial stress, can be correlated with musculoskeletal discomfort.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Demure
- Health Services Department, World Bank, Washington, D.C., USA
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Demure B, Mundt KA, Bigelow C, Luippold RS, Ali D, Liese B. Video display terminal workstation improvement program: II. Ergonomic intervention and reduction of musculoskeletal discomfort. J Occup Environ Med 2000; 42:792-7. [PMID: 10953816 DOI: 10.1097/00043764-200008000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The effects of an ergonomic intervention on musculoskeletal discomfort in 118 video display terminal (VDT) users were assessed 1 year after intervention. The intervention consisted of recommended changes to workstations, which were based on the evaluation of 15 ergonomic characteristics. Compliance with the intervention was at least 75% for most workstation characteristics. Reduction in discomfort was substantial and was highest for the wrist/hand (57%), lower back (43%), and neck/shoulder (41%) severity of discomfort outcomes. Neither compliance with intervention on individual workstation characteristics nor summary intervention scores were associated with reduction in discomfort. Our results demonstrate that although reduction of musculoskeletal discomfort may be observed in the context of an intervention study, it may be difficult to link these benefits to specific interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Demure
- Health Services Department, World Bank, Washington, D.C., USA
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Mazière C, Conte MA, Degonville J, Ali D, Mazière JC. Cellular enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids induces an oxidative stress and activates the transcription factors AP1 and NFkappaB. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 265:116-22. [PMID: 10548500 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A 48-h incubation of cultured human fibroblasts with 5 x 10(-5) M oleic acid or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from the (n-6) (linoleic, gamma-linolenic and arachidonic acids) or (n-3) (alpha-linolenic and eicosapentaenoic acids) series resulted in an enrichment of the cells with the introduced fatty acid. Cell enrichment with PUFA initiated a rise in the intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation products (thiobarbituric reactive substances TBARS). Simultaneously, cell enrichment with all the studied PUFA induced an increase in AP1 and NFkappaB binding activity measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, whereas no significant effect was observed with the monounsaturated oleic acid. Furthermore, the antioxidants vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) and N-acetyl cysteine prevented both the arachidonic acid-induced increase in intracellular ROS and TBARS, and the activation of AP1 and NFkappaB. These results indicate that the accumulation of PUFA from (n-6) and (n-3) series elicited an intracellular oxidative stress, resulting in the activation of oxidative stress-responsive transcription factors such as AP1 and NFkappaB.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mazière
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CHRU Amiens, Hôpital Nord, Amiens Cedex 1, 80054, France
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48
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Ali D. Current therapy issues for gay men with HIV. Focus 1999; 14:1-4. [PMID: 11367034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Ali
- UCSF AIDS Health Project, Brief Psychotherapy Traineeship Program
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49
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Mazière C, Dantin F, Conte MA, Degonville J, Ali D, Dubois F, Mazière JC. Polyunsaturated fatty acid enrichment enhances endothelial cell-induced low-density-lipoprotein peroxidation. Biochem J 1998; 336 ( Pt 1):57-62. [PMID: 9806884 PMCID: PMC1219841 DOI: 10.1042/bj3360057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is an important feature in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. LDL modification by endothelial cells was studied after supplementation of the cells with oleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) of the n-6 and n-3 series. In terms of the lipid peroxidation product [thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)] content and diene level of the LDL particle, oleic acid had no significant effect, and linoleic acid was poorly effective. Gamma linolenic acid (C18:3,n-6) and arachidonic acid (C20:4,n-6) increased by about 1.6-1.9-fold the cell-mediated LDL modification. PUFA from the n-3 series, alpha linolenic acid (C18:3,n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5,n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6,n-3), induced a less marked effect (1. 3-1.6-fold increase). The relative electrophoretic mobility of the LDL particle and its degradation by macrophages were enhanced in parallel. Concomitantly, PUFA stimulated superoxide anion secretion by endothelial cells. The intracellular TBARS content was also increased by PUFA. Comparison of PUFA from the two series indicates a good correlation between LDL oxidative modification, superoxide anion secretion and intracellular lipid peroxidation. The lipophilic antioxidant vitamin E decreased the basal as well as the PUFA-stimulated LDL peroxidation. These results indicate that PUFAs with a high degree of unsaturation of the n-6 and n-3 series could accelerate cell-mediated LDL peroxidation and thus aggravate the atherosclerotic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mazière
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Hôpital Nord, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80054 Amiens Cedex 01, France
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50
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Abstract
Insect salivary glands are glands associated with nutrient intake whose secretions are generally involved in the digestion and lubrication of food. They are under the control of neuroactive substances and may be innervated from several sources including the suboesophageal ganglion, the stomatogastric nervous system and the unpaired median nerves. Both amines and peptides have been suggested to play roles in the control of insect salivation, as indicated by their association with terminals on salivary glands, their effects in salivary gland bioassays and their ability to alter second messenger levels and ion channel conformations. Serotonin and dopamine appear to be the most prominent amines associated with insect salivary glands. Either one or both of these amines are found associated with the salivary glands of the locust, stick insect, cockroach, cricket, dragonfly, mosquito, adult moth and kissing bug. Their roles, although not fully elucidated, appear to be in the control of salivary secretion. Several peptides, including members of the FMRFamide-related family of peptides, are also found associated with insect salivary glands. Sources of peptidergic innervation are as varied as those for aminergic innervation, but information regarding the physiological role of these peptides is lacking. The relevance of the different levels of complexity of salivary gland innervation, which range from the absence of innervation in some species (blowfly) to the presence of several distinct sources in others (locust, cockroach), is not well understood. This review serves to consolidate what is known of the phenotype of salivary neurones in relation to the control of salivation.
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