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McKeen BE, Anderson RC, Mitchell DA. Was it Good for You? Gender Differences in Motives and Emotional Outcomes Following Casual Sex. Sex Cult 2022; 26:1339-1359. [PMID: 35194368 PMCID: PMC8853360 DOI: 10.1007/s12119-022-09946-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Casual sex, also referred to as a hookup, has been associated with a range of negative emotional outcomes for women, including regret, anxiety, depression and social stigma. However, it has been argued that it is the nature of the sexual motivation, not gender that influences the emotional outcome. This study was designed to ascertain what motivates people to have casual sex, what emotional outcomes follow casual sex and whether there are gender differences among these variables. Seven hundred and one participants (47% men and 52.8% women) completed a 44-item online survey. Gender differences were found for both sexual motivations and emotional outcomes of casual sex, with women generally having more negative emotional outcomes than men. Additionally, a principal components analysis uncovered four reliable principal motivations underlying engagement in casual sex, and three principal emotional outcomes of casual sex. Predictors of negative emotional outcomes included being motivated to regulate negative emotions and to achieve positive emotions. No predictors (apart from being a man) were found for a positive emotional outcome. While the stigma surrounding female sexual agency is diminishing, results generally support the presence of a sexual double-standard which encourages male promiscuity but dissuades female sexual autonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Billie E. McKeen
- Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, 1 University Drive, Douglas, Townsville, QLD 4814 Australia
| | - Ryan C. Anderson
- Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, 1 University Drive, Douglas, Townsville, QLD 4814 Australia
| | - David A. Mitchell
- Department of Psychology, College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, 1 University Drive, Douglas, Townsville, QLD 4814 Australia
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2
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Kita DH, de Andrade GA, Missina JM, Postal K, Boell VK, Santana FS, Zattoni IF, da Silva Zanzarini I, Moure VR, de Moraes Rego FG, Picheth G, de Souza EM, Mitchell DA, Ambudkar SV, Nunes GG, Valdameri G. Polyoxovanadates as new P-glycoprotein inhibitors: insights into the mechanism of inhibition. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:381-399. [PMID: 34939198 PMCID: PMC9340886 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A promising strategy to overcome multidrug resistance is the use of inhibitors of ABC drug transporters. For this reason, we evaluated the polyoxovanadates (POVs) [V10 O28 ]6- (V10 ), [H6 V14 O38 (PO4 )]5- (V14 ), [V15 O36 Cl]6- (V15 ) and [V18 O42 I]7- (V18 ) as inhibitors of three major multidrug resistance-linked ABC transporters: P-glycoprotein (P-gp), ABCG2 and MRP1. All of the POVs selectively inhibited P-gp. V10 and V18 were the two most promising compounds, with IC50 values of transport inhibition of 25.4 and 22.7 µm, respectively. Both compounds inhibited P-gp ATPase activity, with the same IC50 value of 1.26 µm. V10 and V18 triggered different conformational changes in the P-gp protein with time-dependent inhibition, which was confirmed using the synthesized salt of V10 with rhodamine B, RhoB-V10 . The hydrophilic nature of POVs supports the hypothesis that these compounds target an unusual ligand-binding site, opening new possibilities in the development of potent modulators of ABC transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Henrique Kita
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Laboratory of Cancer Drug Resistance, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil,Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gisele Alves de Andrade
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Laboratory of Cancer Drug Resistance, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Kahoana Postal
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ingrid Fatima Zattoni
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Laboratory of Cancer Drug Resistance, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Isadora da Silva Zanzarini
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Laboratory of Cancer Drug Resistance, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Vivian Rotuno Moure
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Laboratory of Cancer Drug Resistance, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil,Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Geraldo Picheth
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Maltempi de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - David A. Mitchell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Suresh V. Ambudkar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Giovana Gioppo Nunes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil,Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to Giovana Gioppo Nunes () or Glaucio Valdameri (). Phone: +55(41)33604078. Laboratory website: www.lcdr.ufpr.br
| | - Glaucio Valdameri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Laboratory of Cancer Drug Resistance, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil,Department of Clinical Analysis, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil,Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to Giovana Gioppo Nunes () or Glaucio Valdameri (). Phone: +55(41)33604078. Laboratory website: www.lcdr.ufpr.br
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3
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Mitchell DA, Crawford N, Newham BJ, Newton JR. The efficacy, safety and acceptability of emergency embedded Psychiatry Assessment and Planning Units: An evaluation of Psychiatry Assessment and Planning Units in close proximity to their associated emergency departments. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2020; 54:609-619. [PMID: 31973563 DOI: 10.1177/0004867419899717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy, safety and acceptability as well as the patient demographics of three newly developed emergency department-embedded Psychiatric Assessment and Planning Units located in Metropolitan Melbourne at Austin, Peninsula and Eastern Health Services. METHODS The evaluation reviewed a 12-month period of service activity from 1 September 2017 to 31 August 2018, when all three Psychiatric Assessment and Planning Units services were operational. A 12-month period from 1 September 2014 to 31 August 2015 was compared as the pre-Psychiatric Assessment and Planning Units period. Mixed qualitative and quantitative methods were used. This included semi-structured interviews of 30 Psychiatric Assessment and Planning Units patients and 30 emergency department staff (10 of each for all 3 sites), patient survey, statistical analysis of Client Management Interface data for the emergency department and related Psychiatric Assessment and Planning Units as well as audit of RISKMAN registers. RESULTS There were 365 Austin, 567 Eastern and 791 Peninsula Psychiatric Assessment and Planning Units admissions. Psychiatric Assessment and Planning Units were generally well accepted by patients and emergency department staff, relatively safe, operating within the Key Performance Indicators with mixed effect on emergency department flow. Austin emergency department processing times improved post-Psychiatric Assessment and Planning Units (4 hours 57 minutes to 4 hours 19 minutes; p < 0.001) while deteriorating at Eastern and Peninsula. Adjustment Disorder and Depression and Borderline Personality Disorder were the most common admission diagnoses. While the Psychiatric Assessment and Planning Units had mixed utility on emergency department processing times, they appear to serve a demographic not previously accommodated in traditional emergency department psychiatry models. CONCLUSION The emergency department-embedded Psychiatric Assessment and Planning Unit model of care appears effective on some measures, safe and acceptable to patients and staff. The Psychiatric Assessment and Planning Units seem to service a group not previously accommodated in traditional emergency psychiatry models.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Mitchell
- North East Area Mental Health Service, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - N Crawford
- Austin Mental Health Service, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - B J Newham
- Austin Mental Health Service, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - J R Newton
- Peninsula Community Mental Health Service, Frankston, VIC, Australia
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Mitchell DA, Pendleton LC, Deschenes RJ. In Vitro Assays to Monitor the Enzymatic Activities of zDHHC Protein Acyltransferases. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 2009:169-177. [PMID: 31152403 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9532-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A family of zDHHC protein acyltransferase (PAT) enzymes catalyze the S-palmitoylation of target proteins via a two-step mechanism. The first step involves transfer of palmitate from the palmitoyl-CoA donor to the active site cysteine of the zDHHC PAT enzyme, releasing reduced CoA (CoASH). In the second step, the palmitoyl-PAT intermediate thioester reacts with a cysteine side chain within the target substrate to produce the palmitoylated substrate product or, in the absence of a protein substrate, the palmitoyl-PAT intermediate thioester is hydrolyzed and releases palmitate. Formation and resolution of the palmitoyl-PAT intermediate complex (autopalmitoylation) is measured using a coupled enzyme system that monitors the production of CoASH via reduction of NAD+ by the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. This assay can be used to isolate and characterize modulators of autopalmitoylation and is scalable to high-throughput screening (HTS). A second fluorescence-based assay is described that monitors the hydrolysis of the palmitoyl-PAT thioester linked intermediate by thin-layer chromatography using a palmitoyl-CoA analog, BODIPY®-C12:0-CoA, as a substrate. These two assays provide a methodology to quantify the first enzymatic step of the two-step zDHHC PAT reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Mitchell
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Laura C Pendleton
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Robert J Deschenes
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
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Moure VR, Siöberg CLB, Valdameri G, Nji E, Oliveira MAS, Gerdhardt ECM, Pedrosa FO, Mitchell DA, Seefeldt LC, Huergo LF, Högbom M, Nordlund S, Souza EM. The ammonium transporter AmtB and the PII signal transduction protein GlnZ are required to inhibit DraG in Azospirillum brasilense. FEBS J 2019; 286:1214-1229. [PMID: 30633437 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The ammonium-dependent posttranslational regulation of nitrogenase activity in Azospirillum brasilense requires dinitrogenase reductase ADP-ribosyl transferase (DraT) and dinitrogenase reductase ADP-glycohydrolase (DraG). These enzymes are reciprocally regulated by interaction with the PII proteins, GlnB and GlnZ. In this study, purified ADP-ribosylated Fe-protein was used as substrate to study the mechanism involved in the regulation of A. brasilense DraG in vitro. The data show that DraG is partially inhibited by GlnZ and that DraG inhibition is further enhanced by the simultaneous presence of GlnZ and AmtB. These results are the first to demonstrate experimentally that DraG inactivation requires the formation of a ternary DraG-GlnZ-AmtB complex in vitro. Previous structural data have revealed that when the DraG-GlnZ complex associates with AmtB, the flexible T-loops of the trimeric GlnZ bind to AmtB and become rigid; these molecular events stabilize the DraG-GlnZ complex, resulting in DraG inactivation. To determine whether restraining the flexibility of the GlnZ T-loops is a limiting factor in DraG inhibition, we used a GlnZ variant that carries a partial deletion of the T-loop (GlnZΔ42-54). However, although the GlnZΔ42-54 variant was more effective in inhibiting DraG in vitro, it bound to DraG with a slightly lower affinity than does wild-type GlnZ and was not competent to completely inhibit DraG activity either in vitro or in vivo. We, therefore, conclude that the formation of a ternary complex between DraG-GlnZ-AmtB is necessary for the inactivation of DraG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian R Moure
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia da Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Catrine L B Siöberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Glaucio Valdameri
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia da Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Nji
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Marco Aurelio S Oliveira
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia da Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Edileusa C M Gerdhardt
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia da Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fabio O Pedrosa
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia da Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - David A Mitchell
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia da Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Lance C Seefeldt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Luciano F Huergo
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia da Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,Setor Litoral, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Matinhos, Brazil
| | - Martin Högbom
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Stefan Nordlund
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories for Natural Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Emanuel M Souza
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia da Fixação Biológica de Nitrogênio, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Kanatas A, Mitchell DA. Genomic mutations and proof of causation between dysplasia and squamous cell carcinoma in medicolegal cases: a useful approach or a waste of resources? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 56:777-778. [PMID: 30340778 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Kanatas
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals and St James Institute of Oncology, Leeds Dental Institute and Leeds General Infirmary, LS1 3EX.
| | - D A Mitchell
- Leeds South and East Clinical Commissioning Group.
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Mitchell DA, Kanatas A, Murphy C, Chengot P, Smith AB, Ong TK. Margins and survival in oral cancer. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 56:820-829. [PMID: 30220612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the surgical management of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) we aim to resect the tumour with clear margins in all planes. The aim of this study was to identify and compare overall survival in a group of 591 patients who had resections, and to relate this to the clearance of margins at the tumour bed. We used life tables to calculate survival at one, two, three, five, and 10 years after diagnosis by margin (clear=5mm or more; close=2-5mm; and involved=less than 2mm). Kaplan-Meier curves were produced for the margins alone, which were defined as clear in 480 patients (81%), close in 63 (11%), and involved in 48 (8%). Five-year survival was 81%, 75%, and 54% for clear, close, and involved margins, respectively, which highlights the importance of clear margins for survival. There is a significant prognostic implication associated with close, and particularly with involved, margins.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Mitchell
- Oral, Maxillofacial/Head & Neck Surgeon, Leeds South and East Clinical Commissioning Group.
| | | | | | - P Chengot
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathologist, Leeds Teaching Hospitals and St James Institute of Oncology.
| | - A B Smith
- York Health Economics Consortium, University of York.
| | - T K Ong
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon/Head and Neck Surgeon, Leeds Teaching Hospitals.
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8
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Kanatas A, Mitchell DA. Cadaveric dissection in oral and maxillofacial surgery: is it time for a new approach? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 56:571-572. [PMID: 30122204 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Kanatas
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals and St James Institute of Oncology, Leeds Dental Institute and Leeds General Infirmary, LS1 3EX.
| | - D A Mitchell
- British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery.
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9
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Kanatas A, Mitchell DA. Equitable vaccination against human papillomavirus: the road ahead. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 56:653-654. [PMID: 30107952 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Kanatas
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals and St James Institute of Oncology, Leeds Dental Institute and Leeds General Infirmary, LS1 3EX.
| | - D A Mitchell
- British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery.
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10
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Cairns IH, Lobzin VV, Donea A, Tingay SJ, McCauley PI, Oberoi D, Duffin RT, Reiner MJ, Hurley-Walker N, Kudryavtseva NA, Melrose DB, Harding JC, Bernardi G, Bowman JD, Cappallo RJ, Corey BE, Deshpande A, Emrich D, Goeke R, Hazelton BJ, Johnston-Hollitt M, Kaplan DL, Kasper JC, Kratzenberg E, Lonsdale CJ, Lynch MJ, McWhirter SR, Mitchell DA, Morales MF, Morgan E, Ord SM, Prabu T, Roshi A, Shankar NU, Srivani KS, Subrahmanyan R, Wayth RB, Waterson M, Webster RL, Whitney AR, Williams A, Williams CL. Low Altitude Solar Magnetic Reconnection, Type III Solar Radio Bursts, and X-ray Emissions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1676. [PMID: 29374211 PMCID: PMC5786056 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Type III solar radio bursts are the Sun's most intense and frequent nonthermal radio emissions. They involve two critical problems in astrophysics, plasma physics, and space physics: how collective processes produce nonthermal radiation and how magnetic reconnection occurs and changes magnetic energy into kinetic energy. Here magnetic reconnection events are identified definitively in Solar Dynamics Observatory UV-EUV data, with strong upward and downward pairs of jets, current sheets, and cusp-like geometries on top of time-varying magnetic loops, and strong outflows along pairs of open magnetic field lines. Type III bursts imaged by the Murchison Widefield Array and detected by the Learmonth radiospectrograph and STEREO B spacecraft are demonstrated to be in very good temporal and spatial coincidence with specific reconnection events and with bursts of X-rays detected by the RHESSI spacecraft. The reconnection sites are low, near heights of 5-10 Mm. These images and event timings provide the long-desired direct evidence that semi-relativistic electrons energized in magnetic reconnection regions produce type III radio bursts. Not all the observed reconnection events produce X-ray events or coronal or interplanetary type III bursts; thus different special conditions exist for electrons leaving reconnection regions to produce observable radio, EUV, UV, and X-ray bursts.
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Affiliation(s)
- I H Cairns
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - V V Lobzin
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Space Weather Services, Bureau of Meteorology, PO Box 1386, Sydney, NSW 1240, Australia
| | - A Donea
- Centre for Astrophysics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - S J Tingay
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - P I McCauley
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - D Oberoi
- National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India
| | - R T Duffin
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
- Department of Physics, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122-1090, USA
| | - M J Reiner
- The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, 02330, USA
| | - N Hurley-Walker
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - N A Kudryavtseva
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
- Department of Cybernetics, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, 12 618, Estonia
| | - D B Melrose
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - J C Harding
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - G Bernardi
- Square Kilometre Array South Africa (SKA SA), Cape Town, South Africa
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, USA
- Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa
| | | | - R J Cappallo
- MIT Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA, 01886-1299, USA
| | - B E Corey
- MIT Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA, 01886-1299, USA
| | | | - D Emrich
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - R Goeke
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Cambridge, USA
| | | | - M Johnston-Hollitt
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
- Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - D L Kaplan
- University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, USA
| | - J C Kasper
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, USA
| | - E Kratzenberg
- MIT Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA, 01886-1299, USA
| | - C J Lonsdale
- MIT Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA, 01886-1299, USA
| | - M J Lynch
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - S R McWhirter
- MIT Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA, 01886-1299, USA
| | - D A Mitchell
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - E Morgan
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Cambridge, USA
| | - S M Ord
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
- Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, USA
| | - T Prabu
- Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, India
| | - A Roshi
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), Charlottesville, USA
| | | | - K S Srivani
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Cambridge, USA
| | - R Subrahmanyan
- Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, India
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO), Charlottesville, USA
| | - R B Wayth
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), Sydney, USA
| | - M Waterson
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
- Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - R L Webster
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), Sydney, USA
| | - A R Whitney
- MIT Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA, 01886-1299, USA
| | - A Williams
- International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research, Curtin University, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia
| | - C L Williams
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Cambridge, USA
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Mitchell DA, Sebald A, Tomasello L. Making and working of a new electronic resource for patients, carers and professionals: maxfacts.uk. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 56:14-18. [PMID: 29198483 PMCID: PMC5787413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Many maxillofacial patients have serious short, medium, or long-term problems, as well as having to make informed decisions about often life-changing interventions. Validated comprehensive information, at the right time and the right level for a diverse group of users (patients, carers, and professionals), is vital if patients are to make a serious contribution to their treatment. We describe the development of an online resource for this purpose. Maxfacts.uk aims to cover every aspect of oral and maxillofacial surgery and care, from neck dissection and ballistic wounds to physiotherapy and texture-modified foods. The principles of design, and the multilayered structure, interface, and functions of such a multiuser website are outlined, including accessibility and engagement. The maxfacts model and design could easily be adapted for other users with similar, complex, long-term needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Mitchell
- York Cross-Disciplinary Centre for Systems Analysis (YCCSA), University of York, Heslington YO10 5GE, UK.
| | - A Sebald
- York Cross-Disciplinary Centre for Systems Analysis (YCCSA), University of York, Heslington YO10 5GE, UK; Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - L Tomasello
- York Cross-Disciplinary Centre for Systems Analysis (YCCSA), University of York, Heslington YO10 5GE, UK; Department of Electronic Engineering, University of York, Heslington YO10 5DD, UK.
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Bahia PK, Parks TA, Stanford KR, Mitchell DA, Varma S, Stevens SM, Taylor-Clark TE. The exceptionally high reactivity of Cys 621 is critical for electrophilic activation of the sensory nerve ion channel TRPA1. J Gen Physiol 2017; 147:451-65. [PMID: 27241698 PMCID: PMC4886278 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201611581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrophiles produced during oxidative stress trigger pain responses by reacting with TRPA1 ion channels on sensory nerves. Bahia et al. show that residue C621 on TRPA1 has remarkable reactivity with electrophiles—more than cellular antioxidants—and is crucial for this sensory response. Activation of the sensory nerve ion channel TRPA1 by electrophiles is the key mechanism that initiates nociceptive signaling, and leads to defensive reflexes and avoidance behaviors, during oxidative stress in mammals. TRPA1 is rapidly activated by subtoxic levels of electrophiles, but it is unclear how TRPA1 outcompetes cellular antioxidants that protect cytosolic proteins from electrophiles. Here, using physiologically relevant exposures, we demonstrate that electrophiles react with cysteine residues on mammalian TRPA1 at rates that exceed the reactivity of typical cysteines by 6,000-fold and that also exceed the reactivity of antioxidant enzymes. We show that TRPA1 possesses a complex reactive cysteine profile in which C621 is necessary for electrophile-induced binding and activation. Modeling of deprotonation energies suggests that K620 contributes to C621 reactivity and mutation of K620 alone greatly reduces the effect of electrophiles on TRPA1. Nevertheless, binding of electrophiles to C621 is not sufficient for activation, which also depends on the function of another reactive cysteine (C665). Together, our results demonstrate that TRPA1 acts as an effective electrophilic sensor because of the exceptionally high reactivity of C621.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parmvir K Bahia
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Thomas A Parks
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Katherine R Stanford
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - David A Mitchell
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612
| | - Sameer Varma
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620
| | - Stanley M Stevens
- Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620
| | - Thomas E Taylor-Clark
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612
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Bateman NW, Dubil EA, Wang G, Hood BL, Oliver JM, Litzi TA, Gist GD, Mitchell DA, Blanton B, Phippen NT, Tian C, Zahn CM, Cohn DE, Havrilesky LJ, Berchuck A, Shriver CD, Darcy KM, Hamilton CA, Conrads TP, Maxwell GL. Race-specific molecular alterations correlate with differential outcomes for black and white endometrioid endometrial cancer patients. Cancer 2017; 123:4004-4012. [PMID: 28654152 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to identify molecular alterations associated with disease outcomes for white and black patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC). METHODS EEC samples from black (n = 17) and white patients (n = 13) were analyzed by proteomics (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) and transcriptomics (RNA-seq). Coordinate alterations were validated with RNA-seq data from black (n = 49) and white patients (n = 216). Concordantly altered candidates were further tested for associations with race-specific progression-free survival (PFS) in black (n = 64) or white patients (n = 267) via univariate and multivariate Cox regression modeling and log-rank testing. RESULTS Discovery analyses revealed significantly altered candidate proteins and transcripts between black and white patients, suggesting modulation of tumor cell viability in black patients and cell death signaling in black and white patients. Eighty-nine candidates were validated as altered between these patient cohorts, and a subset significantly correlated with differential PFS. White-specific PFS candidates included serpin family A member 4 (SERPINA4; hazard ratio [HR], 0.89; Wald P value = .02), integrin subunit α3 (ITGA3; HR, 0.76; P = .03), and Bet1 Golgi vesicular membrane trafficking protein like (BET1L; HR, 0.48; P = .04). Black-specific PFS candidates included family with sequence similarity 228 member B (FAM228B; HR, 0.13; P = .001) and HEAT repeat containing 6 (HEATR6; HR, 4.94; P = .047). Several candidates were also associated with overall survival (SERPINA4 and ITGA3) as well as PFS independent of disease stage, grade and myometrial invasion (SERPINA4, BET1L and FAM228B). CONCLUSIONS This study has identified and validated molecular alterations in tumors from black and white EEC patients, including candidates significantly associated with altered disease outcomes within these patient cohorts. Cancer 2017;123:4004-12. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas W Bateman
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.,John P. Murtha Cancer Center, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth A Dubil
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Guisong Wang
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brian L Hood
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Julie M Oliver
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Tracy A Litzi
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Glenn D Gist
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - David A Mitchell
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Brian Blanton
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Neil T Phippen
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chunqiao Tian
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - David E Cohn
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Laura J Havrilesky
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Andrew Berchuck
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Craig D Shriver
- John P. Murtha Cancer Center, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Kathleen M Darcy
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.,John P. Murtha Cancer Center, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chad A Hamilton
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.,John P. Murtha Cancer Center, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Thomas P Conrads
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.,John P. Murtha Cancer Center, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.,Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Inova Center for Personalized Health, Falls Church, Virginia
| | - G Larry Maxwell
- Gynecologic Cancer Center of Excellence, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.,John P. Murtha Cancer Center, Uniformed Services University and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.,Inova Schar Cancer Institute, Inova Center for Personalized Health, Falls Church, Virginia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus, Falls Church, Virginia
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Möhlhenrich SC, Modabber A, Steiner T, Mitchell DA, Hölzle F. Re: re: Heat generation and drill wear during dental implant site preparation: systematic review. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 55:985-986. [PMID: 29017735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Christian Möhlhenrich
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Ali Modabber
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Timm Steiner
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - David A Mitchell
- Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust, Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Hölzle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Hamel LD, Lenhart BJ, Mitchell DA, Santos RG, Giulianotti MA, Deschenes RJ. Identification of Protein Palmitoylation Inhibitors from a Scaffold Ranking Library. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2017; 19:262-74. [PMID: 27009891 PMCID: PMC5068503 DOI: 10.2174/1386207319666160324123844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The addition of palmitoyl moieties to proteins regulates their membrane targeting, subcellular localization, and stability. Dysregulation of the enzymes which catalyzed the palmitoyl addition and/or the substrates of these enzymes have been linked to cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological disorders, implying these enzymes and substrates are valid targets for pharmaceutical intervention. However, current chemical modulators of zDHHC PAT enzymes lack specificity and affinity, underscoring the need for screening campaigns to identify new specific, high affinity modulators. This report describes a mixture based screening approach to identify inhibitors of Erf2 activity. Erf2 is the Saccharomyces cerevisiae PAT responsible for catalyzing the palmitoylation of Ras2, an ortholog of the human Ras oncogene proteins. A chemical library developed by the Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies consists of more than 30 million compounds designed around 68 molecular scaffolds that are systematically arranged into positional scanning and scaffold ranking formats. We have used this approach to identify and characterize several scaffold backbones and R-groups that reduce or eliminate the activity of Erf2 in vitro. Here, we present the analysis of one of the scaffold backbones, bis-cyclic piperazine. We identified compounds that inhibited Erf2 auto-palmitoylation activity using a fluorescence-based, coupled assay in a high throughput screening (HTS) format and validated the hits utilizing an orthogonal gel-based assay. Finally, we examined the effects of the compounds on cell growth in a yeast cell-based assay. Based on our results, we have identified specific, high affinity palmitoyl transferase inhibitors that will serve as a foundation for future compound design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert J Deschenes
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC07, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Ratansi R, Hoole J, Mitchell DA, Kanatas A. Why don't we mention "impact on intimacy" when we ask patients to give consent for treatment of oral cancer? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [PMID: 28633803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Ratansi
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals and St James Institute of Oncology, Leeds General Infirmary, LS1 3EX.
| | - J Hoole
- Huddersfield Royal Infirmary, RMO Building, Huddersfield HD3 3EA.
| | - D A Mitchell
- Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon, Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom.
| | - A Kanatas
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals and St James Institute of Oncology.
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17
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Brown R, Tomasello L, Mitchell DA, Sebald A, Stepney S. Ternary graph as a questionnaire: a new approach to assessment of quality of life? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 55:679-684. [PMID: 28528676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study was prompted by awareness of the importance of research into quality of life (QoL) for patients with diseases of the head and neck, the important part questionnaires currently play in this field, and awareness of the "questionnaire fatigue" experienced by many patients. Our multidisciplinary research group raised coincidental awareness of the widespread use of ternary graphs in the sciences, social sciences, and humanities as a graphical tool for quantitative, semiquantitative, or purely graphical characteristics of ternary mixtures. We explored how the basic properties of ternary graphs could be translated into an interactive electronic tool as an alternative to conventional questionnaires. We have described how this was done, and offered open access to an interactive ternary-graph based (self) assessment tool, specifically designed for the needs of patients with conditions of the head and neck. Finally, have we made open-source code available for those who may wish to adapt or develop the tool for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Brown
- 634, Kings College, Cambridge, CB2 1ST.
| | - L Tomasello
- Department of Electronics, University of York, Heslington YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - D A Mitchell
- Maxillofacial Unit, Huddersfield Royal Infirmary, Lindley, Huddersfield HD3 3EA, UK; York Centre for Complex Systems Analysis, University of York, Heslington YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - A Sebald
- York Centre for Complex Systems Analysis, University of York, Heslington YO10 5DD, UK; Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - S Stepney
- York Centre for Complex Systems Analysis, University of York, Heslington YO10 5DD, UK; Department of Computer Science, University of York, Heslington YO10 5DD, UK.
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18
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Mitchell DA. Book review. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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Mücke T, Krestan CR, Mitchell DA, Kirschke JS, Wutzl A. Bisphosphonate and Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Review. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2016; 20:305-314. [PMID: 27741546 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1592367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
For patients with malignant disease taking bisphosphonates and denosumab, the incidence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is up to 15% in contrast to 0.01% in patients with osteoporosis. Clinical presentation of MRONJ extends from asymptomatic exposure of bone in 94% of patients to severe cases of mandibular fractures in a minority of 4.5%. The strongest risk factors for MRONJ are invasive dental procedures and dental infections. Advances in imaging provide more preoperation information compared with panoramic radiograph. Prevention strategies are the elimination of potential risk factors leading to invasive dental procedures and maintenance of good oral hygiene prior to the administration of antiresorptive agents. Management of MRONJ depends on the underlying disease, extent of the necrosis, and the presence of contributing therapy. Conservative therapies include topical anti-infective rinses and systemic antibiotic therapy. The most important part of surgical therapy is to remove the exposed and necrotic bone. Several options for defect closure are possible from local tissue flaps to microvascular free flap procedures. The development of MRONJ in conjunction with dental implants is a severe side effect and should be avoided if potentially harmful medication has already been administered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mücke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Germany
| | - Christian R Krestan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging und Image-guided Therapy, Division of General and Pediatric Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - David A Mitchell
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Germany
| | - Jan S Kirschke
- Department of Radiology, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Germany
| | - Arno Wutzl
- Trauma Hospitals AUVA LBK und UKH Meidling, Vienna, Austria
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20
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Mücke T, Deppe H, Hein J, Wolff KD, Mitchell DA, Kesting MR, Retz M, Gschwend JE, Thalgott M. Prevention of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in patients with prostate cancer treated with zoledronic acid – A prospective study over 6 years. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2016; 44:1689-1693. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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21
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Mücke T, Wolff C, von Düring M, Mitchell DA, Ritschl LM, Fichter AM. Form and Size Matter: Increased Risk of Thrombosis in Microvessels with Surgically Created Endothelial Lesions. J Reconstr Microsurg 2016; 33:40-44. [PMID: 27542108 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1587698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis is a known risk factor for flap loss in microsurgery. Several microsurgical techniques, like plaque removal, have been proposed for atherosclerotic vessels, but these techniques often induce intimal injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of various endothelial defects on the risk of thrombosis in a rat acute intimal injury model. Methods Endothelial defects of various forms and sizes were created in the abdominal aorta of 30 male Wistar rats following a strict protocol. Defect sizes were measured and classified as round, horizontal, or vertical based on their configuration. An hour after reestablishing the blood flow, the abdominal aorta was harvested and the operation site was assessed for signs of thrombosis clinically and using light microscopy. Univariate and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to identify possible influencing factors on thrombosis. Results The mean defect size was 2.65 ± 1.19 mm2. Intimal lesions were classified as round in 36.7%, horizontal in 33.3%, and vertical in 30% of specimens. Thrombus formation was detected in 46.7% clinically and in 50% histologically. Univariate regression analysis revealed that defect size (p = 0.048) and vertical form (p = 0.017) were significantly associated with thrombus formation. Multiple regression analysis corroborated vertical defects as a risk factor for thrombosis (p = 0.03). Conclusion Endothelial injuries are associated with a high risk of thrombosis with highest risks associated with vertical defects. Arteries should be carefully examined for intimal defects before microvascular anastomosis, especially in the atherosclerotic patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mücke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Germany
| | - Constantin Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Germany
| | | | - David A Mitchell
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Germany
| | - Lucas M Ritschl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Germany
| | - Andreas M Fichter
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Germany
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Mitchell DA. Too little is understood about head and neck cancer by those who make decisions about it. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 54:481. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Mücke T, Fichter AM, Schmidt LH, Mitchell DA, Wolff KD, Ritschl LM. Indocyanine green videoangiography-assisted prediction of flap necrosis in the rat epigastric flap using the flow ® 800 tool. Microsurgery 2016; 37:235-242. [PMID: 27198708 DOI: 10.1002/micr.30072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The decision to re-operate on a potentially ischemic free flap remains challenging. Indocyanine green videoangiography (ICG) with the FLOW® 800 tool is a method which allows an immediate qualitative conclusion about the patency of an anastomosis. Is it also able to predict the outcome of potentially compromised vascular free flaps? MATERIALS AND METHODS An epigastric flap was raised and repositioned in 79 rats. Intraoperative fluorescence angiography was performed using ICG videoangiography and the FLOW® 800 tool was applied. Six regions of interest were positioned systematically over the flap, changes of the ICG fluorescence were color coded with respect to time and 474 measurements were performed. The flap was clinically monitored for one week and the resulting necrotic areas were correlated with the ICG/FLOW® 800 results. RESULTS Mean intensity of clinically vital areas was 83.39 ± 50.96 arbitrary units (AU) and 37.33 ± 15.14 AU in necrotic areas. The receiver operating characteristic curve and Youden-Index analysis revealed that the optimal cutoff for the maximal intensity of ICG after FLOW® 800 analysis was ≤ 61.733 for the prediction of flap necrosis and > 61.733 for the prediction of flap survival (P < 0.0001; 95% CI = 0.85-0.91; Youden-Index: 0.67). The maximal intensity of ICG angiography had a specificity of 96.1% and sensitivity of 71.4%. The positive predictive value was 97.46% and the corresponding negative predictive value was 61.34%. CONCLUSION This demonstrates the potential additional value of ICG videoangiography including FLOW® 800 analyses in the postoperative monitoring of transplanted flaps. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 37:235-242, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mücke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany
| | - Andreas M Fichter
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany
| | - Leonard H Schmidt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany
| | - David A Mitchell
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dietrich Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany
| | - Lucas M Ritschl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technische Universität München, Germany
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Möhlhenrich SC, Modabber A, Steiner T, Mitchell DA, Hölzle F. Corrigendum to "Heat generation and drill wear during dental implant site preparation: systematic review" [Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 53(8) (2015) 679–689]. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 54:117. [PMID: 27110618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The authors regret D. A. Mitchell’s affiliation address was listed incorrectly in the original paper. The correct affiliation addressis: Maxillofacial Unit, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Lukes, Hospital, Little Horton Lane, Bradford,West Yorkshire, BD5 0NA, England, UK.The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
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Suida MI, Gallacher A, Mitchell DA. Use of LigaSure TM small jaw in operations on the parotid gland: a technical note. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 54:1040-1041. [PMID: 26919768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2016.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Imran Suida
- Oral and Facial Department, Pinderfields Hospital, Aberford Road, Wakefield, WF1 4DG
| | - Amy Gallacher
- Oral and Facial Department, Pinderfields Hospital, Aberford Road, Wakefield, WF1 4DG
| | - David A Mitchell
- Maxillofacial Unit, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Lukes Hospital, Little Horton Lane, Bradford, BD5 0NA.
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Green B, Bisase B, Godden D, Mitchell DA, Brennan PA. Current surgical management of metastases in the neck from mucosal squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 54:135-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Mücke T, Jung M, Mitchell DA, Wolff KD, Wagenpfeil S, Stockmann P, Kesting MR, Deppe H. Do measurements of inflammatory mediators in blood predict recurrence in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 54:286-9. [PMID: 26818111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) is well-recognised, difficult to manage, and often recurs. The aim of this study was to examine the value of preoperative measurements of inflammatory mediators in blood in 212 patients with BRONJ who were studied prospectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the importance of the amounts of substances in the blood that are independently associated with the dependent variable "recurrence of BRONJ". The only factor that significantly influenced the development of recurrent BRONJ was reduction in the white cell count (p<0.0001; hazard ratio 5.324; 95% CI 2.373 to 11.945). Neither white cell counts nor C-reactive protein concentrations within or above the reference ranges were significantly associated with recurrent BRONJ. Patients whose white cell counts were lower than the reference range were at increased risk of recurrent BRONJ. This may be a marker of reduced immunocompetence, and additional prophylactic measures or treatment should be considered for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mücke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.
| | - Maximilian Jung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - David A Mitchell
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Maxillofacial Unit, St. Lukes Hospital, Bradford, UK
| | - Klaus-Dietrich Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Wagenpfeil
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Stockmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Marco Rainer Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Herbert Deppe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
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Mücke T, Koerdt S, Jung M, Mitchell DA, Wolff KD, Kesting MR, Loeffelbein DJ. The role of mylohyoid flap in the treatment of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2016; 44:369-73. [PMID: 26857755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2015.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Surgical treatment of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) combines excision of adequate damaged bone and watertight coverage by appropriate vascularized tissue. Local tissues are preferred when possible. This study compares local mucoperiosteal flaps with mylohyoid flaps with special emphasis on their influence on wound healing. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 195 patients with BRONJ in the mandible were included in this prospective study. The control group (n = 169) were treated with a mucoperiosteal flap, whereas patients of the study group (n = 26) received a mylohyoid flap. RESULTS Recurrence of BRONJ was significantly reduced (p = 0.023) as was extent of necrosis (p = 0.001) in patients with mylohyoid flaps. DISCUSSION This study demonstrates the importance of a sufficient mucosal coverage in surgical treatment of BRONJ. The mylohyoid flap provides an additional tissue coverage, which seems to account for the significantly reduced rate of disease recurrence. CONCLUSION The vascularized mylohyoid flap is an important tool in the complex and challenging surgical care of BRONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mücke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.
| | - Steffen Koerdt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Maximilian Jung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - David A Mitchell
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dietrich Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Marco Rainer Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Denys John Loeffelbein
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
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Brennan PA, Mitchell DA, Holmes S, Plint S, Parry D. Good people who try their best can have problems: recognition of human factors and how to minimise error. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 54:3-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bauer F, Rommel N, Rohleder N, Koerdt S, Wolff KD, Mitchell DA, Kesting M. Special training in maxillofacial surgery for medical students--economic burden or investment in the future? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 53:1012-4. [PMID: 26520002 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
We measured the motivation and interest of medical students in oral and maxillofacial surgery at a German university. After a detailed cost-benefit analysis of a course that used an ex-vivo animal model and active participation in the operating theatre, we measured changes in the students' interest in taking up a surgical specialty in the future. We found that practical experience could lower the expenses of the course by almost 70%. Twenty per cent of students chose oral and maxillofacial surgery as an elective in their final year. These students could be residents one day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bauer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Niklas Rommel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Nils Rohleder
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Koerdt
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dietrich Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - David A Mitchell
- The Mid Yorkshire Hospitals - NHS Trust, Pinderfields Hospital, Aberford Road, Wakefield, WF1 4DG, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at the Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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Mücke T, Gentz I, Kanatas A, Ritschl LM, Mitchell DA, Wolff KD, Deppe H. Clinical trial analyzing the impact of continuous defocused CO2 laser vaporisation on the malignant transformation of erosive oral lichen planus. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2015.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Shekar V, Jabbar J, Mitchell DA, Brennan PA. Common-law principles in consent for patients in oral and maxillofacial surgery who lack mental capacity: do we know them all? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 53:805-8. [PMID: 26320754 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 5 years, the medical profession has relied on the Bolam test for their defence in cases of clinical negligence. While still a matter of controversy between health professionals and legal experts, the Bolam test has been tried and criticised not only by the English courts but also in the United States, Canada, and Australia. In the medical profession the concept of the law of consent has moved away from a doctrine of professional paternalism towards patient-focused paternalism, and has increased the emphasis on human rights and the autonomy and choice of the patient. These changes present a challenge to health professionals, and a lack of effective recognition and interpretation can result in non-compliance. We review the developments in the law of consent since Bolam and discuss how they affect patients with incapacity, and highlight the importance of being familiar with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Shekar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Southwick Hill Road, Cosham, Portsmouth, PO6 3LY, United Kingdom.
| | - J Jabbar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Southwick Hill Road, Cosham, Portsmouth, PO6 3LY, United Kingdom
| | - D A Mitchell
- Maxillofacial Unit, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Lukes Hospital, Little Horton Lane, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD5 0NA, United Kingdom
| | - P A Brennan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Southwick Hill Road, Cosham, Portsmouth, PO6 3LY, United Kingdom
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Mücke T, Koschinski J, Wolff KD, Kanatas A, Mitchell DA, Loeffelbein DJ, Deppe H, Rau A. Quality of life after different oncologic interventions in head and neck cancer patients. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2015; 43:1895-8. [PMID: 26421469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Patient reported outcomes following head and neck cancer are of great importance, given the functional, psychological, and social impacts of the disease and its treatment. In addition, not only is the number of publications on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) increasing in a variety of specialties, but there is also a growing awareness of the potential role of HRQOL in practice. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the HRQOL of head and neck cancer patients following different oncologic interventions, using an internationally established test. In this cross-sectional study, we included three different groups of 32 patients each. Participants had histologically confirmed invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in the anterior floor of the mouth. Group allocation was based on treatment modality, as follows: only surgery (group 1), operation and adjuvant radiotherapy (XRT) (group 2), and the additional presence of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) (group 3). All patients were questioned about their HRQOL, using the standardized University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL). Surveys for groups 1 and 2 were conducted at least 24 months after the end of tumor-related treatment, in cases of ORN (group 3) 12 months after completion of disease-related treatment. A total of 96 patients were included into this study. The mean age was 62.79 ± 8.93 years. The patients in groups 1 and 2 revealed a reduced quality of life, of a greater magnitude after radiation therapy. Patients felt that radiotherapy was much worse than surgery; however, half of the patients stated that they would repeat radiation therapy if necessary. The subjective evaluation of the HRQOL after surgery and radiotherapy was a valuable instrument for assessing the rehabilitation of patients in the context of their function and quality of life. Radiation therapy can be considered a trigger of functional limitations and emotional distress that contributes to decreased HRQOL in patients with head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mücke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, München, Germany
| | - Janett Koschinski
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, München, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dietrich Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, München, Germany
| | - Anastasios Kanatas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, München, Germany
| | - David A Mitchell
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, München, Germany
| | - Denys J Loeffelbein
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, München, Germany.
| | - Herbert Deppe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, München, Germany
| | - Andrea Rau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, München, Germany
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Mücke T, Rohleder NH, Rau A, Ritschl LM, Kesting M, Wolff KD, Mitchell DA, Loeffelbein DJ. The value of perioperative antibiotics on the success of oral free flap reconstructions. Microsurgery 2015; 35:507-11. [PMID: 26251066 DOI: 10.1002/micr.22470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The subject of the presented study was to monitor and compare problems and outcomes of reconstructive surgery with microvascular free flaps in the head and neck region between groups of patients treated with perioperative antibiotics and a group of patients without antibiotics. Patients requiring oral reconstructive surgery following cancer resections with microvascular free flaps were prospectively evaluated (2007-2012). Antibiotic therapy was started 30 min before the operation and administered for 10 days. Three hundred and fifty patients were included (208 male, 59.4%; 142 female, 40.6%; mean age 59.8 ± 13.2 years). 330 patients received perioperative antibiotics. Twenty patients (5.7%) who received no antibiotics for specific reasons served as the control group. Wound infections developed in 33 of 122 patients (27%) who received benzylpenicillin, 17 of 88 patients (19.3%) who received amoxicillin combined with sulbactam and 25 of 120 patients (20.8%) who received cefuroxime. Ten patients (50%) who did not receive antibiotics developed wound infections. Receiving no antibiotics or penicillin showed no benefit (P = 0.11). Those receiving cefuroxime showed significantly lower incidence of wound infections (P = 0.034; risk decreased by the factor 2.88). The use of amoxicillin combined with sulbactam showed the lowest rate of wound infections (P = 0.018; risk decreased by the factor 3.46). The use of amoxicillin combined with sulbactam appears to be the most appropriate prophylactic antibiotic followed by cefuroxime in oral microsurgical free flap reconstructions. These data may serve as a guide until a controlled multicenter prospective trial is performed comparing newer antibiotics against current standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mücke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Germany
| | - Nils H Rohleder
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Germany
| | - Andrea Rau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Germany
| | - Lucas M Ritschl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Germany
| | - Marco Kesting
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dietrich Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Germany
| | - David A Mitchell
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Germany
| | - Denys J Loeffelbein
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Germany
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Audisio RA, Icardi G, Isidori AM, Liverani CA, Lombardi A, Mariani L, Mennini FS, Mitchell DA, Peracino A, Pecorelli S, Rezza G, Signorelli C, Rosati GV, Zuccotti GV. Public health value of universal HPV vaccination. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 97:157-67. [PMID: 26346895 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The story of Human Papillomavirus vaccination demands reflection not only for its public health impact on the prophylactic management of HPV disease, but also for its relevant economic and social outcomes. Greater than ever data confirm the efficacy and support the urge for effective vaccination plans for both genders before sexual debut. METHODS A review of previous experience in gender-restricted vaccination programs has demonstrated a lower effectiveness. Limiting vaccination to women might increase the psychological burden on women by confirming a perceived inequality between genders; and even if all women were immunized, the HPV chain of transmission would still be maintained through men. RESULTS The cost-effectiveness of including boys into HPV vaccination programs should be re-assessed in view of the progressive drop of the economic burden of HPV-related diseases in men and women due to universal vaccination. The cost of the remarkable increase in anal and oropharyngeal HPV driven cancers in both sexes has been grossly underestimated or ignored. CONCLUSIONS Steps must be taken by relevant bodies to achieve the target of universal vaccination. The analysis of HPV vaccination's clinical effectiveness vs. economic efficacy are supportive of the economic sustainability of vaccination programs both in women and men. In Europe, these achievements demand urgent attention to the social equity for both genders in healthcare. There is sufficient ethical, scientific, strategic and economic evidence to urge the European Community to develop and implement a coordinated and comprehensive strategy aimed at both genders and geographically balanced, to eradicate cervical cancer and other diseases caused by HPV in Europe. Policymakers must take into consideration effective vaccination programs in the prevention of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giancarlo Icardi
- Department of Health Sciences, Hygiene Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino, IST University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Andrea M Isidori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Carlo A Liverani
- Department of Mother and Infant Sciences, Gynecologic Oncology Unit, University of Milan, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alberto Lombardi
- Scientific and Medical Consultant, Fondazione Giovanni Lorenzini, Milan, Italy and Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Luciano Mariani
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, HPV Unit, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesco Saverio Mennini
- Faculty of Economics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Faculty of Statistics, University of Rome La Sapienza, Kingston University, London, UK.
| | - David A Mitchell
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St. Lukes Hospital, Bradford, UK.
| | - Andrea Peracino
- Fondazione Giovanni Lorenzini Medical Science Foundation, Milan, Italy and Houston, TX, USA.
| | | | - Giovanni Rezza
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Carlo Signorelli
- Department S.Bi.Bi.T., Unit of Public Health, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | | | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Biomedical and Clinical Science Department, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Möhlhenrich SC, Modabber A, Steiner T, Mitchell DA, Hölzle F. Heat generation and drill wear during dental implant site preparation: systematic review. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 53:679-89. [PMID: 26051868 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To identify factors that minimise damage during the drilling of sites for dental implants, we reviewed published papers on the amount of heat that is generated. We systematically searched English language studies published between January 2000 and February 2014 on MEDLINE/PubMed and found 41 articles, of which 27 related to an increase in temperature during preparation of the site. We found only basic research with a low level of evidence. Most of the studies were in vitro, and osteotomies were usually made in non-vital bone from cows or pigs. To measure heat in real time, thermocouples were used in 18 studies and infrared thermographs in 7. Three studies reported the use of immunohistochemical analysis to investigate immediate viability of cells. The highest temperature measured was 64.4°C and the lowest 28.4°C. Drill wear was reported after preparation of 50 sites, and there was a significant increase in temperature and a small change in the physiological balance of the proteins in the bone cells. Differences in the study designs meant that meta-analysis was not appropriate. For future work, we recommend the use of standard variables: an axial load of 2kg, drilling speed of 1500rpm, irrigation, standard artificial bone blocks, and the use of infrared thermography.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Möhlhenrich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - A Modabber
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - T Steiner
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - D A Mitchell
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral and Facial Specialties Mid-Yorkshire Hospitals, Pinderfields Hospital, Aberford Road, Wakefield, West Yorks WF1 4DG, England, UK
| | - F Hölzle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Hoole J, Kanatas A, Calvert A, Rogers SN, Smith AB, Mitchell DA. Validated questionnaires on intimacy in patients who have had cancer. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 53:584-93. [PMID: 26037739 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Problems with intimacy in patients with cancer of the head and neck may not be recognised. Our aim was to review published papers on patient-reported outcomes that record concerns about intimacy, sex, and function, to help develop a tool for use in head and neck cancer. We specifically looked for instruments with evidence of validation in patients with cancer, which could be used to identify problems with intimacy and sexuality. After evaluating 2563 papers, we identified 20 that satisfied our inclusion criteria, and these have been presented in a tabulated form. This review has shown the need to develop a questionnaire on intimacy that is specific to patients with cancer of the head and neck. It is an important issue that must be addressed by clinical and research teams, and will be done most effectively if it is linked to specific interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hoole
- Lead Cancer Nurse and Psychosexual Therapist, Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust.
| | - A Kanatas
- Consultant Head and Neck Surgeon / Senior Lecturer, Leeds Teaching Hospitals and St James Institute of Oncology.
| | - A Calvert
- DFY2 in oral and maxillofacial surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, Leeds General Infirmary, LS1 3EX.
| | - S N Rogers
- Regional Maxillofacial Unit, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK.
| | - A B Smith
- York Health Economics Consortium Ltd, Level 2 Market Square, University of York, York, YO10 5NH, United Kingdom.
| | - D A Mitchell
- Consultant Oral/Maxillofacial & Head & Neck Surgeon, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
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Hoole J, Kanatas AN, Mitchell DA. Psychosexual therapy and education in patients treated for cancer of the head and neck. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 53:601-6. [PMID: 25982705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It is now widely accepted that cancer is a chronic disease, and in this context we have previously highlighted shortcomings in the assessment of problems with intimacy and sexuality in patients treated for cancer of the head and neck. In this paper we introduce established strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of psychosexual problems to support these patients, and describe our early experiences of their use. We include brief narratives and case reports to show how they have made a difference to patients and their partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hoole
- Lead Cancer Nurse and Psychosexual Therapist, Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.
| | - A N Kanatas
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals and St James Institute of Oncology, United Kingdom.
| | - D A Mitchell
- Consultant Oral/Maxillofacial & Head & Neck Surgeon, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.
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Mitchell DA. Book review. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
In September 2014 the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) recommended a small extension to the provision of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination beyond girls aged 12–13 years. This applied to men who have sex with men and shows a limited receptiveness to existing evidence in relation to the concept of ‘herd protection’ as well as the increasing incidence of HPV-driven oropharyngeal cancer (in both sexes, but men more than women) and anal cancer (in both sexes but particularly in women).
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Mitchell
- Consultant Oral, Maxillofacial and Head and Neck Surgeon, Maxillofacial Unit, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St Lukes Hospital, Bradford, and Editor of the British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
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Mücke T, Mitchell DA, Ritschl LM, Tannapfel A, Wolff KD, Kesting MR, Loeffelbein DJ, Kanatas A. Influence of tumor volume on survival in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 141:1007-11. [PMID: 25423880 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1881-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The TNM classification is used to assess cancers of the oral cavity, and advancements in imaging techniques have revealed clear variations in tumor volume at presentation. This study therefore aimed to clarify whether preoperative imaging, with exact measurements of the tumor, could affect post-surgery survival after controlling for demographic, clinical, and tumor characteristics. METHODS We included 437 patients with histologically confirmed, stage T1-4, N1-3, M0, invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Participants were assessed for recurrence every 3 months for the first 2 years, every 6 months for another 2 years, and annually thereafter; routine computed tomography was performed annually. Associations were determined using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, univariate log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS The mean survival of all patients was 68.1 ± 48.2 months. The 2- and 5-year overall survival rates were 82.2 and 66.7 %, respectively. The mean primary tumor volume was 7.14 cm(3) with a range of 1.3-24.21 cm(3). The ROC curve and Youden Index analysis revealed that the optimal cutoff volume was between ≤5.9 and ≤18.3 cm(3) for three different volume groups (p < 0.0001). Large tumor volume was associated with a significantly poorer overall survival (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Tumor volume was significantly associated with the overall survival of patients. This has both prognostic and reconstructive implications that will affect health-related quality of life. In addition, this will inform surgical planning and the allocation of resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mücke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany,
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O’Connor R, Mitchell DA, Brennan PA. Focused review of investigation, management and outcomes of salivary gland disease in specialty-specific journals. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 52:483-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hamel LD, Deschenes RJ, Mitchell DA. A fluorescence-based assay to monitor autopalmitoylation of zDHHC proteins applicable to high-throughput screening. Anal Biochem 2014; 460:1-8. [PMID: 24878334 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Palmitoylation, the posttranslational thioester-linked modification of a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid onto the cysteine residue of a protein, has garnered considerable attention due to its implication in a multitude of disease states. The signature DHHC motif (Asp-His-His-Cys) identifies a family of protein acyltransferases (PATs) that catalyze the S-palmitoylation of target proteins via a two-step mechanism. In the first step, autopalmitoylation, palmitate is transferred from palmitoyl-CoA to the PAT, creating a palmitoyl:PAT intermediate and releasing reduced CoA. The palmitoyl moiety is then transferred to a protein substrate in the second step of the reaction. We have developed an in vitro, single-well, fluorescence-based enzyme assay that monitors the first step of the PAT reaction by coupling the production of reduced CoA to the reduction of NAD(+) using the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. This assay is suitable for determining PAT kinetic parameters, elucidating lipid donor specificity and measuring PAT inhibition by 2-bromopalmitate. Finally, it can be used for high-throughput screening (HTS) campaigns for modulators of protein palmitoylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Hamel
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Robert J Deschenes
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - David A Mitchell
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Mitchell DA, Hamel LD, Reddy KD, Farh L, Rettew LM, Sanchez PR, Deschenes RJ. Mutations in the X-linked intellectual disability gene, zDHHC9, alter autopalmitoylation activity by distinct mechanisms. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:18582-92. [PMID: 24811172 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.567420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Early onset intellectual disabilities result in significant societal and economic costs and affect 1-3% of the population. The underlying genetic determinants are beginning to emerge and are interpreted in the context of years of work characterizing postsynaptic receptor and signaling functions of learning and memory. DNA sequence analysis of intellectual disability patients has revealed greater than 80 loci on the X-chromosome that are potentially linked to disease. One of the loci is zDHHC9, a gene encoding a Ras protein acyltransferase. Protein palmitoylation is a reversible modification that controls the subcellular localization and distribution of membrane receptors, scaffolds, and signaling proteins required for neuronal plasticity. Palmitoylation occurs in two steps. In the first step, autopalmitoylation, an enzyme-palmitoyl intermediate is formed. During the second step, the palmitoyl moiety is transferred to a protein substrate, or if no substrate is available, hydrolysis of the thioester linkage produces the enzyme and free palmitate. In this study, we demonstrate that two naturally occurring variants of zDHHC9, encoding R148W and P150S, affect the autopalmitoylation step of the reaction by lowering the steady state amount of the palmitoyl-zDHHC9 intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Mitchell
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612 and
| | - Laura D Hamel
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612 and
| | - Krishna D Reddy
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612 and
| | - Lynn Farh
- the Department of Chemical Biology, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 900-03, Taiwan
| | - Logan M Rettew
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612 and
| | - Phillip R Sanchez
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612 and
| | - Robert J Deschenes
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612 and
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Fichter AM, Borgmann A, Ritschl LM, Mitchell DA, Wagenpfeil S, Dornseifer U, Wolff KD, Mücke T. Perforator flaps—how many perforators are necessary to keep a flap alive? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 52:432-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ritschl LM, Fichter AM, von Düring M, Mitchell DA, Wolff KD, Mücke T. Introduction of a microsurgical in-vivo embolization-model in rats: the aorta-filter model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89947. [PMID: 24587143 PMCID: PMC3935969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular thrombosis with subsequent distal embolization remains a critical event for patients. Prevention of this life-threatening event can be achieved pharmacologically or mechanically with intravascular filter systems. The ability to evaluate the risk of embolization of certain techniques and procedures in vascular and microvascular surgery, such as, tissue glue or fibrin based haemostatic agents lacks convincing models. We performed 64 microvascular anastomoses in 44 rats, including 44 micro-pore polyurethane filter-anastomoses and 20 non-filter anastomoses. The rats were re-anesthetized and the aorta was re-exposed and removed four hours, three, seven, fourteen, thirty-one days, and six months postoperatively. The specimens were examined macro- and microscopically with regard to the appearance of the vessel wall, condition of the filter and the amount of thrombembolic material. Typical postoperative histopathological changes in vessel architecture were observed. Media necrosis was the first significant change three days postoperatively. Localized intimal hyperplasia, media necrosis, increase of media fibromyocytes and adventitial hypercellularity were seen to a significant extent at day seven postoperatively. Significant neovascularization of adventitia adjacent to the filter was seen after 14 days. A significant amount of thrombotic material was seen after four hours, three and 14 days interval. Only three intravascular filters became completely occluded (6.82%). The aorta-filter-anastomosis model appeared to be a valid in-vivo model in situations at risk for thrombembolic events, for microsurgical research and allowed sensitive analysis of surgical procedures and protection of the vascularized tissue. It may be suitable for a wide range of in-vivo microvascular experiments particularly in the rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas M. Ritschl
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas M. Fichter
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | | | - David A. Mitchell
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dietrich Wolff
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Mücke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Bajwa MS, Mitchell DA, Brennan PA. Is it time we adopted a classification for parotid gland cytology? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013; 52:99-101. [PMID: 24332173 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep S Bajwa
- ST3 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, St. Richard's Hospital, Cichester PO19 6SE, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Peter A Brennan
- Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth PO6 3LY, United Kingdom.
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Mücke T, Rau A, Merezas A, Loeffelbein DJ, Wagenpfeil S, Mitchell DA, Wolff KD, Steiner T. Identification of perioperative risk factor by laser-doppler spectroscopy after free flap perfusion in the head and neck: a prospective clinical study. Microsurgery 2013; 34:345-51. [PMID: 24995717 DOI: 10.1002/micr.22206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 10/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate perioperative flap perfusion using noninvasive monitoring with a laser-Doppler flowmetry and spectrophotometry unit (O2C) and identify whether perioperative blood flow, velocity, hemoglobin level (Hb), and oxygen saturation (SO2 ) measured could be used as indicators of free flap success. Measurements of blood flow, velocity, Hb, and SO2 were performed in 196 microvascular flaps, which had been transferred into the oral cavity to reconstruct ablative defects after surgery for oral cancer. The values were calculated superficially on the skin surface and at a depth of 8 mm. The results showed that perioperative absolute values measured were not associated with an increased rate of microvascular revisions or free flap failure. Independent predictors of microvascular revisions at the first postoperative day were the development of a falling trend in superficial and deep blood flow, and velocity in comparison with baseline values of variables measured. On day 2, all superficial and deep values of Hb, flow, and velocity were independent prognostic factors (P < 0.01), demonstrated as a downward trend were associated with a need for revision. The superficial and deep values of SO2 (P = 0.59 and 0.43, respectively) were not associated with ultimate free flap failure. This is the first clinical study to demonstrate that during early free flap integration to the recipient site different parameters of perfusion and oxygenation play an important role at different points of time. Within the first two postoperative days, changes in these parameters can help influence the decision to revise microvascular anastomoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mücke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technische Universität München, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Germany
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Mücke T, Ritschl LM, Balasso A, Wolff KD, Mitchell DA, Liepsch D. Opened end-to-side technique for end-to-side anastomosis and analyses by an elastic true-to-scale silicone rubber model. Microsurgery 2013; 34:28-36. [PMID: 24105681 DOI: 10.1002/micr.22182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The end-to-side anastomosis is frequently used in microvascular free flap transfer, but detailed rheological analyses are not available. The purpose of this study was to introduce a new modified end-to-side (Opened End-to-Side, OES-) technique and compare the resulting flow pattern to a conventional technique. The new technique was based on a bi-triangulated preparation of the branching-vessel end, resulting in a "fish-mouthed" opening. We performed two different types of end-to-side anastomoses in forty pig coronary arteries and produced one elastic, true-to-scale silicone rubber model of each anastomosis. Then we installed the transparent models in a circulatory experimental setup that simulated the physiological human blood flow. Flow velocity was measured with the one-component Laser-Doppler-Anemometer system, recording flow axial and perpendicular to the model at four defined cross-sections for seven heart cycles in each model. Maximal and minimal axial velocities ranged in the conventional model between 0.269 and -0.122 m/s and in the experimental model between 0.313 and -0.153 m/s. A less disturbed flow velocity distribution was seen in the experimental model distal to the anastomosis. The OES-technique showed superior flow profiles distal to the anastomosis with minor tendencies of flow separation and represents a new alternative for end-to-side anastomosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mücke
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Germany
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Jabbar J, Shekar V, Mitchell DA, Brennan PA. Should we be giving bilateral inferior alveolar and lingual nerve blocks for third molar surgery? Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2013; 52:16-7. [PMID: 24094896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Extraction of mandibular third molars is one of the most common procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery, and it is normal practice to extract both teeth at one visit under general anaesthesia. However, when both teeth are extracted under local anaesthesia, bilateral inferior alveolar and lingual nerve blocks are required, which is a subject of debate among clinicians. Much of the controversy surrounds the safety and efficacy of bilateral anaesthesia even though many surgeons use local anaesthetic solutions for perioperative and postoperative pain relief after day case general anaesthesia with no reports of unwanted effects. The evidence presented in this review explores published research for and against the use of unilateral and bilateral inferior alveolar and lingual nerve blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jabbar
- Queen Alexandra Hospital, Southwick Hill Road, Cosham, Portsmouth PO6 3LY, United Kingdom.
| | - V Shekar
- Queen Alexandra Hospital, Southwick Hill Road, Cosham, Portsmouth PO6 3LY, United Kingdom
| | - D A Mitchell
- Queen Alexandra Hospital, Southwick Hill Road, Cosham, Portsmouth PO6 3LY, United Kingdom
| | - P A Brennan
- Queen Alexandra Hospital, Southwick Hill Road, Cosham, Portsmouth PO6 3LY, United Kingdom
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